专题01 必修一Unit 1 Back to school重难知识综合复习-【寒假自学课】2025年高一英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题01 Unit 1 Back to school (必修一) 考点聚焦: 核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记: 知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化: 难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. potential adj. 潜在的, 可能的 n. 潜力, 可能性 2. senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生); 高级水平的; 老年的; 级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者; 较……年长的人; 高水平运动员 3. challenge n. & vt. 挑战; 质疑 4. opportunity n. 时机; 机会 5. effort n. 努力; 费力的事; 试图 6. resource n. 资源, 资料; 谋略 7. individual adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人 8. independent adj. 自主的; 有主见的; 自立的 9. focus n. 焦点; 重点 vt. &vi. 集中 10. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 11. proposal n. 建议, 提议, 动议 12. technique n. 技巧, 技艺; 技能 13. professional adj. 职业的; 专业的n. 专门人员; 专业人士 14. exchange n. & vt. 交换; 交流; 兑换 15. host n. 主人; 东道主; 主持人 vt. 主办; 主持 16. tough adj. 艰难的; 严厉的; 坚强的; 坚固的 17. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 18. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 19. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 20. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 21. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 22. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 23. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 24. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 25. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 26. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 27. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 28. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务；质疑 vt. 向……挑战；怀疑→________adj. 具有挑战性的) face/meet a challenge面临/面对挑战 •________ a challenge接受挑战 •challenge sb to (do) sth 向某人挑战(做)某事；(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议(某人做某事) 答案: challenging; take up/accept 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 However, the teaching and living conditions were more ________(challenge) than Zhang Tian had thought. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 然而，教学和生活条件比张天想象的更有挑战性。句中用形容词作表语。主语the teaching and living conditions是物，所以用-ing形式形容词。形容词challenging表示“具有挑战性的”，符合句意，more challenging是比较级。故填challenging。 答案: challenging 考点2 advance v. 发展，进步，促进；前进；提前；提出(想法、理论、计划等) n. 前进，进展；进步，行进→________ adj. 先进的；高级的；高深的 •advance ________sb./sth. 向某人/物前进 •________ advance预先；事先；预付 •in advance ________/ahead of (时间上)提前于…… •make an advance/advances ________ 在……方面取得进步 答案: advanced; on/towards; in; of; in 【考点再现】(2025广东茂名)单句语法填空 With (advance) skills in survival, she managed to find a way out of the wilderness. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 凭借先进的生存技能，她设法找到了走出荒野的方法。skills前需要形容词作定语修饰，advance形容词形式是advanced，表示“先进的，提高的”。故填advanced。 答案: advanced 考点3 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amaze vt. 使惊讶→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 →________ n. 惊讶；惊愕) •be amazed ________... 对……感到惊讶 •be amazed to do 对做……感到惊讶 •________ one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 答案: amazement; at/by that; to 【考点再现】(2025福建泉州)单句语法填空 ________ (amaze) at his show of sportsmanship, the audience cheered and clapped. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 观众对他表现出的体育精神感到惊讶，欢呼鼓掌。设空处为形容词作状语，表示人(观众)是感到惊讶的，句首单词首字母大写，故填Amazed。 答案: Amazed 考点4 equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt.比得上→equally adv.平等地；同样地→________ n. 平等；相等) •be equal ________ sth./doing sth. 与……相等；胜任做某事 •equal sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 •be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌 答案: equality; to 【考点再现】(2025福建泉州)单句语法填空 One box may look bigger than the other, but in fact they are almost equal ________ volume(容量). 思路点拨: 考查固定短语。句意: 一个盒子可能看起来比另一个大，但事实上它们的体积几乎相等。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语be equal in，意为“在...相等”。故填in。 答案: in 考点5 responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任(心)→________ adj. 不负责任的；不可靠的→ responsibly adv. 明事理地；认真负责地；可依赖地] •be responsible for/ take responsibility ________ 为……负责任 •a sense of responsibility ________ •It is sb’s responsibility ________ sth. 做某事是某人的职责。 答案: irresponsible；for; 责任感；to do 【考点再现】(2025江苏常州)单句语法填空 Some ________(responsible) websites contain lots of false pictures and fake information that could mislead young generations to follow an unhealthy lifestyle. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 一些不负责任的网站包含大量虚假图片和虚假信息，可能误导年轻一代遵循不健康的生活方式。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词websites，表示“不负责任的”应用irresponsible。故填irresponsible。 答案: irresponsible 考点6 focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中→________ adj. 注意力集中的) •the focus of... ……的焦点 •focus ________ 集中于……；关注…… •focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/effort(s) on/upon...集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/________于…… 答案: focused, on/upon; 努力 【考点再现】(2025广东揭阳)单句语法填空 Spending too much time online makes it very difficult to focus ________ things in life. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 花太多时间上网会让人很难专注于生活中的事情。focus on是固定搭配，意为“专注于”。故填on。 答案: on 考点7 base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→________ n. 基础→ basic adj. 基础的；基本的→basically adv. 大体上；基本上) •base...________... 把……建立在……的基础上 •be based on以……为基础；根据 •________ a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 •on the basis of在……的基础上 答案: basis; on/upon ; on 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 ________(base) on a real-life incident, the movie is quite touching. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 这部电影取材于一个真实的事件，非常感人。分析句子可知，设空处用作句子的原因状语，动词base和逻辑主语the movie是被动关系，应使用过去分词。位于句首首字母大写。故填Based。 答案: Based 考点8 remind vt. 提醒，使想起→________ n. 提醒；引起回忆的事物) •remind sb. ________/ of sth. 提醒某人某事 •remind sb. that... 提醒某人…… 答案: reminder; to do 【考点再现】(2025江苏扬州)单句语法填空 The photos will remind me ________ the days when we were together. 思路点拨: 考查固定搭配。remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。 答案: of 考点9 proposal n. 提议，建议，动议→________ vt. 提议，建议(较正式) vt. & vi. 求婚 •make/put forward a proposal (to do sth/for sth) 提出(……的)建议 •make a proposal that sb. ________... 提议某人做…… •propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事 •propose to sb. ________ •propose that.../It is proposed that...建议……(that从句中的________用“should+动词原形”，should可省略) 答案: propose; (should)do; 向某人求婚；谓语 【考点再现】(2025重庆长寿)单句语法填空 He made a ________(propose) that the problem be discussed at the meeting. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 他提出了一个建议，即在会议上讨论这个问题。空处需填入名词形式proposal“建议”，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式，作动词made的宾语。故填proposal。 答案: proposal 考点10 aim n. 目的；目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对→________ adj. 无目标的→aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地) •________ the aim of...以……为目标；意在…… •aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……；力求达到…… •be aimed ________ 目的是；旨在 答案: aimless; with; at 【考点再现】(2025山东淄博)单句语法填空 He was no longer an athlete ________(aim) for a medal. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 他不再是以赢得奖牌为目标的运动员。非谓语动词aim和名词athlete是逻辑主动关系，故用现在分词形式aiming作后置定语。故填aiming。 答案: aiming 重点短语 1. make a difference 起作用, 有影响 2. make the most of 充分利用, 尽情享受 3. take advantage of 利用 4. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 5. look forward to 盼望, 期待 6. as a result of 由于 7. stick to 坚持; 固守, 维持 8. over time 随着时间流逝, 久而久之 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 make a difference 起作用；有影响 make no difference ________ sb./ sth. 对某人/某物没有作用，没有影响 ________ the difference between A and B　区分A和B 答案: to; tell 【考点再现】(2023南通崇川区)单句语法填空 No one makes a difference ________ Tom’s determination to be absent from the press conference. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 没有人能改变汤姆决定不出席新闻发布会的决定。make a difference to是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故填to。 答案: to 考点2 as a result of 由于 as a result ________ •result in导致；引起；结果是 •result ________ 由……引起，起因于…… 答案: 结果，因此；from 【考点再现】(2023南通崇川区)单句语法填空 There is no doubt that e-commerce is growing, and it will continue to grow. However, physical stores would not die as a result ________ the rise of e-commerce, at least not in the near future. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 毫无疑问，电子商务正在增长，并且将继续增长。然而，实体店不会因为电子商务的兴起而消亡，至少在不久的将来不会。根据句意，空处应填写介词of，构成固定短语as a result of，表示“由于，因为”。故填of。 答案: of 重点句型 1. 完全倒装句 Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的是好的学习习惯，有用的技能和积极的态度。 2. It 作形式主语 It is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 对你来说充分利用我们学校资源是非常重要的。 3. find+宾语+宾语补足语 In time you will find yourself growing and a well-rounded individual.最后，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。 4. as引导非限制定语从句 As Lao-Tzn wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如老子所说: “千里之行，始于足下”。 5. 动名词作主语 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. (教材P6) 设定目标能让你在生活中集中精力。 6. so…that… 如此……以致于…… I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm! 我太喜欢这只钟了，现在还在用它当闹钟呢！ 7. not as…as… Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 虽然我没有像以前那么多的作业，但是仍然很有挑战性。 ( 核心考点 ) 1.完全倒装句 教材原句Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。(P3) •本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为Good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance. •当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为: ________+be+主语。 •副词here，there，now，then等位于句首，而主语是名词，且谓语动词是be，lie，sit，stand，come等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。 答案: 分词/副词/形容词/介词短语 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 It’s very important to make the most of our school resources, and of equal importance ________(be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 思路点拨: 考查主谓一致、完全倒装和时态。句意: 充分利用学校资源非常重要，良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度也同样重要。空处所在句子为完全倒装，主语为good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude，由and前的It’s可知此处为一般现在时，故填are。 答案: are 2. so...that... 教材原句I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm!我太喜欢它(这只钟)了，现在还在用它当闹钟呢！(P11) 本句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。具体有以下几种形式: •such...that...中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式: •当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 So angry was I ________ I avoided her during school all day. 思路点拨: 考查结果状语从句和倒装。句意: 我非常生气，以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她。句子是“so/such…that…”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，是结果状语从句，因此空格处用that，so位于句首，引起了句子部分倒装。故填that。 答案: that 重点语法 一、句子成分(sentence elements) 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分(感叹词、呼语和插入语)等。构成句子的主体部分是主语和谓语。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其它成分如定语、同位语、状语等是句子的次要部分。 1.主语 主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。常用的作主语的词类有: 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性词组和从句。 2. 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。由动词或动词短语来充当。 3. 宾语 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。凡是能作主语的词类都可以作宾语。。 4. 表语 表语与系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质特征。充作表语的可以是名词、介词短语、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等。 5. 定语 定语是用来修饰名词或代词。它常和名词构成名词短语。定语分前置定语和后置定语。可以作定语的词有形容词、代词、数词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等。 6. 状语 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词和名词等。 7.补足语 补足语分为宾语补足语(object complement)和主语补足语(subject complement)，是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等皆可作补足语。 二、句子结构 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 4.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(S+V+A) 5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 6.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 7.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 8.存现句: 引导词there引导的句子 【考点再现】 1. 请找出句子 “The flowers in the garden are very beautiful.” 的主语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: 句子描述的是关于某物的状态(很美丽)，“in the garden” 是用来修饰 “The flowers” 的定语，整体句子围绕 “The flowers” 展开，说明花的状态，所以主语是 “The flowers”。 答案: The flowers 2. 请说出句子 “The book was written by a famous writer.” 的谓语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: 此句为被动语态的句子，被动语态的结构是 “be + 过去分词”，在这里 “be” 动词是 “was”，“written” 是 “write” 的过去分词，整体 “was written” 表示 “被写” 这个动作，用来描述主语 “The book” 的情况，所以谓语是 “was written”。 答案: was written 3. 请说出句子 “The book was written by a famous writer.” 的谓语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: “He” 是做出 “gave”(给)这个动作的执行者，“her” 是接受 “gave” 这个动作的对象即间接宾语，“a flower” 是 “gave” 这个动作涉及的具体物品也就是直接宾语，句子通过这四个部分完整呈现出他给她一朵花这件事，所以是主谓双宾结构。 答案: 属于主谓双宾结构。主语是 “He”，谓语是 “gave”，间接宾语是 “her”，直接宾语是 “a flower”。 1. 桌上有一些花。(完全倒装) 【答案】On the table were/are some flowers. 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。表示“桌上”用介词短语“on the table”，位于句首引起完全倒装；“有”用动词be，表示“一些花”用some flowers。陈述过去或现在的事实，可用一般过在时或一般现去时，主语some flowers为复数，谓语动词为were/are，根据汉语提示，本句使用完全倒装，可以将作表语的介词短语“on the table”置于句首并将主语和谓语倒装，形成完全倒装句，句首字母大写。故翻译为On the table were/are some flowers。 2. 维持和睦关系的关键是定期、坦诚的沟通。 【答案】The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据汉语提示与句子分析可知，此句为主系表结构，用一般现在时。“维持和睦关系”表达为动词短语keep the peace；“……的关键”用名词短语the key to...来表达, to为介词，所以“维持和睦关系的关键”表达为the key to keeping the peace，在句中做主语，谓语动词用单数；“定期、坦诚的沟通”用名词短语regular and honest communication表达，在句中作表语，communication意为“交流，沟通”时是不可数名词；故此句可以翻译为The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. 3. (1)An apple tree loves a boy very much. (2)The tree tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return.(用“so…that…”结构连接) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】An apple tree loves a boy so much that it tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return. 【详解】考查so…that…结构的使用。句意: 一棵苹果树非常爱一个男孩以至于树试图满足男孩的各种愿望，但除了他的陪伴，什么也不要。原句中有两个独立的句子，使用“so…that…”结构可以将这两个句子连接起来，表示因果关系。句子结构为“主语 + 动词 + so + 形容词/副词 + that + 结果从句”。故正确答案为An apple tree loves a boy so much that it tries to meet the boy’s various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return。 4. People were so surprised that they were willing to buy some popcorn from the poorly-dressed little boy. (句型转换) → they were willing to buy some popcorn 【答案】So surprised were People that 【详解】考查倒装句型。句意: 人们如此地惊讶，以至于他们愿意从这个衣衫褴褛的小男孩那里买一些爆米花。根据句意以及句子要求句型转换可知，原句为so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句，可转换为so+形容词位于句首的部分倒装结构，即so+surprised置于句首，主句中的系动词were位于主语之前，其余部分不变。故填So surprised were People that 真题感知 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The students are very wise and hard-working. A. object B. adverbial C. predictive D. attributive 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意: 这些学生很聪明，也很勤奋。A. object宾语；B. adverbial状语；C. predictive表语；D. attributive定语。本句为主系表句型，系动词are后very wise and hard-working为表语。故选C。 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Jack offered me some helpful advice. A. indirect object B. direct object C. adverbial D. attributive 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意: 杰克给了我一些有用的建议。A.indirect object间接宾语； B.direct object直接宾语；C. adverbial状语；D.attributive定语。本句主语为Jack，谓语为offered，间接宾语为me，指的是接受建议的人，所以划线部分为直接宾语，这是offered的对象，即被提供的具体内容。故选B。 3.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The meeting held yesterday was important. A. verb B. object C. attributive D. adverbial 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子的基本结构与过去分词。句意: 昨天举行的会议很重要。分析句子结构可知，主语为The meeting，谓语动词为系动词was，important为表语；held yesterday位于名词之后，修饰名词，所以为定语。故选C。 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)She lost her wallet on the way home. A. object B. verb C. adverbial D. attributive 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意: 她在回家的路上把钱包丢了。A. object宾语；B.verb谓语；C. adverbial状语；D. attributive定语。划线部分lost是动词，作谓语。故选B。 5.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Beijing is the capital of China. A. subject B. object C. verb D. adverbial 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意: 北京是中国的首都。本句为主系表结构，其中Beijing作主语。故选A。 6.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Weather matters a great deal. A. SVP B. SVO C. SVOA D. SVA 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 天气很重要。句中Weather为主语，matters为谓语动词，a great deal为状语，所以本句为主谓状结构。故选D。 7.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)A balanced diet keeps the body healthy. A. SVO B. SVP C. SVOC D. SVOA 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 均衡的饮食可以保持身体健康。本句中主语为A balanced diet，keeps为谓语，这里为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语为the body，宾补为形容词healthy，因此本句是主谓宾补结构。故选C。 8.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Her father handed her a letter. A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+IO+DO C. SVC D. SVP 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 她父亲递给她一封信。分析句子结构可知，句中Her father为主语，handed为谓语动词，her为间接宾语，a letter为直接宾语，所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选B。 9.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)They work hard. A. SV B. SVP C. SVA D. SVO 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 他们努力工作。本句的主语为They，work为谓语动词，hard为副词，作状语修饰谓语，所以本句为主谓状结构。故选C。 10.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)I painted the wall white. A. SVO B. SVP C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 我把墙漆成白色。I为主语S，painted为谓语动词V，the wall为直接宾语DO，white为宾补OC。故选C。 11.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Every day, he was forced to work from morning till night. A. adverbial B. predicative C. attributive D. complement 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意: 他每天被迫从早到晚地工作。A. adverbial状语；B. predicative表语；C. attributive定语；D. complement补语。根据句意可知，Every day为时间状语。故选A。 12.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Plants need water. A. SV B. SVP C. SVO D. SVA 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 植物需要水。名词Plants是主语，need是谓语动词，名词water是宾语，故本句是“主语+谓语+宾语”结构，故选C。 13.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏徐州·阶段练习)One of my classmates was so talkative he kept talking to me over the experiment! 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句，句意: 我的一个同学非常健谈，以至于他在实验过程中不停地和我讲话！根据空前“so talkative”可知，句中符合使用“so…that…”结构来表达“如此……以至于……”，因此需要在空白处填入that引导结果状语从句。故填that。 14.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The flower is dead. A. SVO B. SVP C. SV D. SVOO 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意: 花死了。分析句子结构可知，句中The flower为主语，is为谓语动词，dead为表语，所以本句为主谓表结构。故选B。 15.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习)So nervous was he he forgot his speech during the presentation. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句和倒装。句意: 他太紧张了，以至于在演讲时忘记了演讲。根据“So nervous was he”可知，本句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处是that，故填that。 16.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习)As ________ result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. 【答案】a 【详解】考查固定短语。句意: 结果，剩下了很多奶酪盐水。此处是短语as a result “结果，因此”。故填a。 二. 单句语法填空 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏扬州·阶段练习)The LEGO Group launched MonkieKid, its first series ________(base) on Chinese culture, which is made up of eight play sets and an animated film. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语。句意: 乐高集团推出了第一部基于中国文化的系列电影《悟空小侠》，该系列由八套游戏和一部动画电影组成。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，its first series与base为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语成分。故填based。 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东东莞·阶段练习)With his attention ________(focus) on the computer game, he didn’t notice that I called him. 【答案】focused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 他的注意力都集中在电脑游戏上，没有注意到我打电话给他。此处是with复合结构，attention和focus之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填focused。 3.(2024-2025学年高一上·河北保定·阶段练习)With the help of the ________(advance) technology, we can finish the work on time. 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意: 借助先进的技术，我们可以按时完成工作。此处应用形容词advanced作定语，修饰名词technology，表示“先进的”，故填advanced。 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林·期中)The company is looking for someone who wants to have an interesting and ________(challenge) job. 【答案】challenging 【详解】考查形容词。句意: 公司正在寻找一个愿意从事有趣且具有挑战性工作的人。空处修饰名词job，需用形容词作定语，修饰的名词指物，需用-ing结尾的形容词challenging。故填challenging。 提升专练 一 阅读七选五 (2024-2025学年高一上·浙江丽水·期中)The transition from middle school to high school can be exciting, but the change can be scary for a lot of people. In fact, there’s a lot to look forward to in high school. Try to look at the bright side and don’t worry. 1 ●Stay organized. Your organizational skills are especially important in high school. 2 You can write down test dates, homework, and other important information to remind yourself. Then go through your notes every week and throw out anything you no longer need. ●Make friends with a bunch of different people. Move out of your comfort zone and be a friend to everyone. If you stick with the same group of friends and never try to meet new people, you might be missing out on new experiences. 3 ● 4 Get plenty of rest so that you wake up feeling good the next day. Try to eat a healthy diet full of plenty of vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein. It sounds cliché(陈词滥调), and you’ve probably heard it before, but taking care of yourself makes a major difference when it comes to getting through freshman year. ●Find extracurricular activities you enjoy. 5 If you enjoy movies, see if there’s a film club at school. Most high schools have dozens of extracurricular activities, and it’s a great way to get engaged at school, relieve stress, and meet other students. A. Be kind to your body. B. Listen to your teacher's advice. C. Get a weekly plan and update it every day. D. Because people like to make friends with outgoing and active people. E. Here are some tips for you during your freshman year of high school. F. If you love volleyball, ask your physical education teacher when tryouts are. G. It doesn’t mean you shouldn’t have a best friend, but it’s always a good idea to keep an open mind. 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. G 4. A 5. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章为高一新生提供了一些适应高中生活的建议。 1. 空处在第一段末尾，显然下文开始逐条罗列具体的几条建议，对应文章首句“The transition from middle school to high school can be exciting, but the change can be scary for a lot of people.(从初中到高中的转变可能是令人兴奋的，但这些改变对很多学生来说也会是可怕的)”可知，这些建议是给刚结束初中来到高中的学生的，E选项“这里是一些给高中新生的提示”能串联上下文，符合逻辑。故选E。 2. 本段主题是“Stay organized. (保持井然有序。)”。C选项“制定一个每周计划，每天都来更新它”与空后句子陈述的内容“You can write down test dates, homework, and other important information to remind yourself.(你可以写下考试日期、家庭作业以及其他重要的信息来提醒自己)”完全符合，且符合本段主题。故选C。 3. 本段主题是“Make friends with a bunch of different people.(和各种不同的人交朋友)”。空前句“If you stick with the same group of friends and never try to meet new people, you might be missing out on new experiences.(如果你只和同一群朋友呆在一块而从不去认识新朋友，你可能会错过许多新鲜体验)”提醒读者要多交不同的朋友，而G选项“这并不意味着你不需要一个最好的朋友，而是保持思维开阔总是个好主意”在此基础上则避免读者产生误会，进一步解释了这样做的用意，符合逻辑。故选G。 4. 本段需要主题句。由段落中的“Get plenty of rest”、“ Try to eat a healthy diet”及“ taking care of yourself”等表达不难推知，本段要表达的就是重视身体健康、照顾好自己身体，A选项“对你的身体好一点”完全符合本段主题，适合作为主题句。故选A。 5. 本段主题是“Find extracurricular activities you enjoy(找到你喜欢的课外活动)”。参照空后句“If you enjoy movies, see if there’s a film club at school.(如果你喜欢电影，就看看学校里有没有电影俱乐部)”的句式，F选项“如果你喜欢排球，问问你的体育老师什么时候选拔”也使用条件状语从句举出了一个“主动了解自己感兴趣的课外活动”的实例，符合段落主题。故选F。 二. 阅读理解 (2024-2025学年高一上·浙江·期中)Psychological avoidance(心理回避) or avoiding emotions, a common way to escape painful and uncomfortable thoughts, feelings or situations, can harm the emotional well - being and personal growth of high school freshmen. Actually, psychological avoidance can lead to increased levels of anxiety and stress. Avoiding fears and worries only allows them to grow stronger. By avoiding challenging situations, it prevents students from developing important skills, limiting their opportunities for self-discovery and improvement. The famous author J. K. Rowling once said, “It is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so carefully that you might as well not have lived at all.” Psychological avoidance directly affects how well students do in their studies. Freshmen who turn to avoidance will always procrastinate, or even miss deadlines. By avoiding the necessary efforts and tasks required for learning, students may struggle to gain information, reducing the opportunity to succeed in grades. Psychological avoidance can also cause stress or discomfort to relationships. High school students may avoid discussing their feelings with friends or family members, leading to misunderstandings and a breakdown in communication. Instead of dealing with their emotions, they hold back or hide themselves. Students miss out on the chance to deepen their connections with friends, family and peers (同龄人), making it harder for them to form healthy relationships. Psychological avoidance may provide comfort for a short period, but in the long run it can have negative impacts on our mental health, personal growth, academic performance, relationships and other aspects of life. Breaking free from avoidance behaviors is important for academic success and self-confidence, and recognizing the harmful effects of avoidance is the first step. 1. J. K. Rowling might agree that by avoiding challenging situations, ________. A. we fail to discover our thoughts and feelings. B. we can avoid failing at something more easily. C. we miss out on valuable learning experiences. D. we have opportunities to avoid fears and worries. 2. What does the underlined word “procrastinate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Put off tasks. B. Escape from reality. C. Miss out on chances. D. Get out of control. 3. How does psychological avoidance affect students’ ability to form healthy relationships? A. It leads to difficult discussions. B. It stops their connections with others. C. It makes them fail to make new friends. D. It causes them to escape further communication. 4. What will the following paragraph probably talk about? A. The harmful effects of psychological avoidance. B. The forms of psychological avoidance behaviors. C. The strategies of overcoming psychological avoidance. D. The importance of breaking free from avoidance behaviors. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了心理回避对于新的高中生的危害。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“By avoiding challenging situations, it prevents students from developing important skills, limiting their opportunities for self-discovery and improvement. The famous author J. K. Rowling once said, “It is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so carefully that you might as well not have lived at all.” (通过避免具有挑战性的情况，它阻止了学生发展重要的技能，限制了他们自我发现和提高的机会。著名作家J.K·罗琳曾经说过: “生活中不可能没有失败，除非你生活得如此谨慎，否则你还不如根本没有生活过。”)”可推知，避免挑战性会阻止学生自我发现和提高，因此，会导致错过宝贵的学习经验。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Freshmen who turn to avoidance will always (逃避的新生总是)”及后文“or even miss deadlines. By avoiding the necessary efforts and tasks required for learning, students may struggle to gain information, reducing the opportunity to succeed in grades. (甚至错过最后期限。通过避免必要的努力和学习所需的任务，学生可能难以获得信息，减少了在成绩上取得成功的机会。)”可知，逃避的新生总是会拖延或者最终错过期限，划线词表示“拖延任务”put off tasks。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“High school students may avoid discussing their feelings with friends or family members, leading to misunderstandings and a breakdown in communication. Instead of dealing with their emotions, they hold back or hide themselves. Students miss out on the chance to deepen their connections with friends, family and peers (同龄人), making it harder for them to form healthy relationships. (高中生可能会避免与朋友或家人讨论他们的感受，导致误解和沟通的中断。他们不去处理自己的情绪，而是退缩或隐藏自己。学生们失去了与朋友、家人和同龄人加深联系的机会，这使得他们更难建立健康的关系。)”可知，心理回避会导致学生逃避进一步的交流，从而难以建立健康的关系。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Breaking free from avoidance behaviors is important for academic success and self-confidence, and recognizing the harmful effects of avoidance is the first step. (摆脱回避行为对学业成功和自信心至关重要，认识到回避的有害影响是第一步。)”可推知，文章最后提到如何摆脱回避行为的第一步，因此，后文会说明克服心理回避的策略。故选C。 三 语法填空 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 (2024-2025学年高一上·河北唐山·阶段练习)It was 1 first day of my new life. I looked at my new books and checked everything for the new school year. I was 2 (excite) as well as worried. 3 (enter) new school, I was curious 4 everything, new classrooms, new teacher, new classmates etc. It would be a new start for each student. And 5 I was worried about was that I had no friends here. What if no one liked to play with me? Were the teachers strict with students? I felt relaxed when the teacher 6 (ask) me, “What else could I help you, freshman?” I found that the teachers were kind and polite, and the classmates around me were friendly. While I was thinking about how to get on well with my classmates, my deskmate told me about 7 (he) favorite game. He wanted to play with me, 8 I didn’t know how to play, so he taught me 9 (patient) and we played happily. Worries have gone, and 10 (happy) is coming. 【答案】 1. the 2. excited 3. Entering 4. about 5. what 6. asked 7. his 8. but 9. patiently 10. Happiness 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者进入高中第一天的感受和经历。 1. 考查冠词。句意: 这是我新生活的第一天。first是序数词，前面需要用定冠词the。故填the。 2. 考查形容词。句意: 我既兴奋又担心。本空用excite的形容词形式excited，表示“感到兴奋的”，与as well as 后的worried并列。故填excited。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意: 进入新学校，我对一切都很好奇，新教室，新老师，新同学等等。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，且I与enter“进入”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Entering。 4. 考查介词。句意: 进入新学校，我对一切都很好奇，新教室，新老师，新同学等等。be curious about是固定搭配，表示“对……好奇”。故填about。 5. 考查主语从句。句意: 我担心的是我在这里没有朋友。本空引导主语从句，从句缺少was worried about的宾语，用what“……的事情”引导。故填what。 6. 考查动词时态。句意: 当老师问我: “我还能帮你什么，新生？”我感到很放松。事情发生在过去，时态需用一般过去时，本空用ask的过去式asked。故填asked。 7. 考查代词。句意: 当我正在思考如何与同学相处时，我的同桌告诉我他最喜欢的游戏。本空用he的形容词性物主代词his，表示“他的”，作定语，修饰名词game。故填his。 8. 考查连词。句意: 他想和我一起玩，但我不知道怎么玩，所以他耐心地教我，我们玩得很开心。He wanted to play with me和I didn’t know how to play之间是转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。 9. 考查副词。句意: 他想和我一起玩，但我不知道怎么玩，所以他耐心地教我，我们玩得很开心。本空用patient的副词形式patiently“耐心地”，作状语，修饰taught。故填patiently。 10. 考查名词。句意: 烦恼消失了，快乐来了。本空用名词happiness“快乐”，作and后句子的主语。故填happiness。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 Unit 1 Back to school (必修一) 考点聚焦: 核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记: 知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化: 难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. potential adj. 潜在的, 可能的 n. 潜力, 可能性 2. senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生); 高级水平的; 老年的; 级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者; 较……年长的人; 高水平运动员 3. challenge n. & vt. 挑战; 质疑 4. opportunity n. 时机; 机会 5. effort n. 努力; 费力的事; 试图 6. resource n. 资源, 资料; 谋略 7. individual adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人 8. independent adj. 自主的; 有主见的; 自立的 9. focus n. 焦点; 重点 vt. &vi. 集中 10. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 11. proposal n. 建议, 提议, 动议 12. technique n. 技巧, 技艺; 技能 13. professional adj. 职业的; 专业的n. 专门人员; 专业人士 14. exchange n. & vt. 交换; 交流; 兑换 15. host n. 主人; 东道主; 主持人 vt. 主办; 主持 16. tough adj. 艰难的; 严厉的; 坚强的; 坚固的 17. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 18. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 19. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 20. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 21. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 22. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 23. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 24. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 25. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 26. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 27. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 28. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务；质疑 vt. 向……挑战；怀疑→________adj. 具有挑战性的) face/meet a challenge面临/面对挑战 •________ a challenge接受挑战 •challenge sb to (do) sth 向某人挑战(做)某事；(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议(某人做某事) 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 However, the teaching and living conditions were more ________(challenge) than Zhang Tian had thought. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 然而，教学和生活条件比张天想象的更有挑战性。句中用形容词作表语。主语the teaching and living conditions是物，所以用-ing形式形容词。形容词challenging表示“具有挑战性的”，符合句意，more challenging是比较级。故填challenging。 答案: challenging 考点2 advance v. 发展，进步，促进；前进；提前；提出(想法、理论、计划等) n. 前进，进展；进步，行进→________ adj. 先进的；高级的；高深的 •advance ________sb./sth. 向某人/物前进 •________ advance预先；事先；预付 •in advance ________/ahead of (时间上)提前于…… •make an advance/advances ________ 在……方面取得进步 【考点再现】(2025广东茂名)单句语法填空 With (advance) skills in survival, she managed to find a way out of the wilderness. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 凭借先进的生存技能，她设法找到了走出荒野的方法。skills前需要形容词作定语修饰，advance形容词形式是advanced，表示“先进的，提高的”。故填advanced。 答案: advanced 考点3 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amaze vt. 使惊讶→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 →________ n. 惊讶；惊愕) •be amazed ________... 对……感到惊讶 •be amazed to do 对做……感到惊讶 •________ one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 【考点再现】(2025福建泉州)单句语法填空 ________ (amaze) at his show of sportsmanship, the audience cheered and clapped. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 观众对他表现出的体育精神感到惊讶，欢呼鼓掌。设空处为形容词作状语，表示人(观众)是感到惊讶的，句首单词首字母大写，故填Amazed。 答案: Amazed 考点4 equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt.比得上→equally adv.平等地；同样地→________ n. 平等；相等) •be equal ________ sth./doing sth. 与……相等；胜任做某事 •equal sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 •be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌 【考点再现】(2025福建泉州)单句语法填空 One box may look bigger than the other, but in fact they are almost equal ________ volume(容量). 思路点拨: 考查固定短语。句意: 一个盒子可能看起来比另一个大，但事实上它们的体积几乎相等。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语be equal in，意为“在...相等”。故填in。 答案: in 考点5 responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任(心)→________ adj. 不负责任的；不可靠的→ responsibly adv. 明事理地；认真负责地；可依赖地] •be responsible for/ take responsibility ________ 为……负责任 •a sense of responsibility ________ •It is sb’s responsibility ________ sth. 做某事是某人的职责。 【考点再现】(2025江苏常州)单句语法填空 Some ________(responsible) websites contain lots of false pictures and fake information that could mislead young generations to follow an unhealthy lifestyle. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 一些不负责任的网站包含大量虚假图片和虚假信息，可能误导年轻一代遵循不健康的生活方式。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词websites，表示“不负责任的”应用irresponsible。故填irresponsible。 答案: irresponsible 考点6 focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中→________ adj. 注意力集中的) •the focus of... ……的焦点 •focus ________ 集中于……；关注…… •focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/effort(s) on/upon...集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/________于…… 【考点再现】(2025广东揭阳)单句语法填空 Spending too much time online makes it very difficult to focus ________ things in life. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 花太多时间上网会让人很难专注于生活中的事情。focus on是固定搭配，意为“专注于”。故填on。 答案: on 考点7 base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→________ n. 基础→ basic adj. 基础的；基本的→basically adv. 大体上；基本上) •base...________... 把……建立在……的基础上 •be based on以……为基础；根据 •________ a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 •on the basis of在……的基础上 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 ________(base) on a real-life incident, the movie is quite touching. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 这部电影取材于一个真实的事件，非常感人。分析句子可知，设空处用作句子的原因状语，动词base和逻辑主语the movie是被动关系，应使用过去分词。位于句首首字母大写。故填Based。 答案: Based 考点8 remind vt. 提醒，使想起→________ n. 提醒；引起回忆的事物) •remind sb. ________/ of sth. 提醒某人某事 •remind sb. that... 提醒某人…… 【考点再现】(2025江苏扬州)单句语法填空 The photos will remind me ________ the days when we were together. 思路点拨: 考查固定搭配。remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。 答案: of 考点9 proposal n. 提议，建议，动议→________ vt. 提议，建议(较正式) vt. & vi. 求婚 •make/put forward a proposal (to do sth/for sth) 提出(……的)建议 •make a proposal that sb. ________... 提议某人做…… •propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事 •propose to sb. ________ •propose that.../It is proposed that...建议……(that从句中的________用“should+动词原形”，should可省略) 【考点再现】(2025重庆长寿)单句语法填空 He made a ________(propose) that the problem be discussed at the meeting. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 他提出了一个建议，即在会议上讨论这个问题。空处需填入名词形式proposal“建议”，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式，作动词made的宾语。故填proposal。 答案: proposal 考点10 aim n. 目的；目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对→________ adj. 无目标的→aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地) •________ the aim of...以……为目标；意在…… •aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……；力求达到…… •be aimed ________ 目的是；旨在 【考点再现】(2025山东淄博)单句语法填空 He was no longer an athlete ________(aim) for a medal. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 他不再是以赢得奖牌为目标的运动员。非谓语动词aim和名词athlete是逻辑主动关系，故用现在分词形式aiming作后置定语。故填aiming。 答案: aiming 重点短语 1. make a difference 起作用, 有影响 2. make the most of 充分利用, 尽情享受 3. take advantage of 利用 4. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 5. look forward to 盼望, 期待 6. as a result of 由于 7. stick to 坚持; 固守, 维持 8. over time 随着时间流逝, 久而久之 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 make a difference 起作用；有影响 make no difference ________ sb./ sth. 对某人/某物没有作用，没有影响 ________ the difference between A and B　区分A和B 【考点再现】(2023南通崇川区)单句语法填空 No one makes a difference ________ Tom’s determination to be absent from the press conference. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 没有人能改变汤姆决定不出席新闻发布会的决定。make a difference to是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故填to。 答案: to 考点2 as a result of 由于 as a result ________ •result in导致；引起；结果是 •result ________ 由……引起，起因于…… 【考点再现】(2023南通崇川区)单句语法填空 There is no doubt that e-commerce is growing, and it will continue to grow. However, physical stores would not die as a result ________ the rise of e-commerce, at least not in the near future. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 毫无疑问，电子商务正在增长，并且将继续增长。然而，实体店不会因为电子商务的兴起而消亡，至少在不久的将来不会。根据句意，空处应填写介词of，构成固定短语as a result of，表示“由于，因为”。故填of。 答案: of 重点句型 1. 完全倒装句 Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的是好的学习习惯，有用的技能和积极的态度。 2. It 作形式主语 It is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 对你来说充分利用我们学校资源是非常重要的。 3. find+宾语+宾语补足语 In time you will find yourself growing and a well-rounded individual.最后，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。 4. as引导非限制定语从句 As Lao-Tzn wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如老子所说: “千里之行，始于足下”。 5. 动名词作主语 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. (教材P6) 设定目标能让你在生活中集中精力。 6. so…that… 如此……以致于…… I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm! 我太喜欢这只钟了，现在还在用它当闹钟呢！ 7. not as…as… Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 虽然我没有像以前那么多的作业，但是仍然很有挑战性。 ( 核心考点 ) 1.完全倒装句 教材原句Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。(P3) •本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为Good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance. •当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为: ________+be+主语。 •副词here，there，now，then等位于句首，而主语是名词，且谓语动词是be，lie，sit，stand，come等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 It’s very important to make the most of our school resources, and of equal importance ________(be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 思路点拨: 考查主谓一致、完全倒装和时态。句意: 充分利用学校资源非常重要，良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度也同样重要。空处所在句子为完全倒装，主语为good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude，由and前的It’s可知此处为一般现在时，故填are。 答案: are 2. so...that... 教材原句I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm!我太喜欢它(这只钟)了，现在还在用它当闹钟呢！(P11) 本句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。具体有以下几种形式: •such...that...中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式: •当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。 【考点再现】(2025江苏南通)单句语法填空 So angry was I ________ I avoided her during school all day. 思路点拨: 考查结果状语从句和倒装。句意: 我非常生气，以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她。句子是“so/such…that…”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，是结果状语从句，因此空格处用that，so位于句首，引起了句子部分倒装。故填that。 答案: that 重点语法 一、句子成分(sentence elements) 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分(感叹词、呼语和插入语)等。构成句子的主体部分是主语和谓语。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其它成分如定语、同位语、状语等是句子的次要部分。 1.主语 主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。常用的作主语的词类有: 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性词组和从句。 2. 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。由动词或动词短语来充当。 3. 宾语 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。凡是能作主语的词类都可以作宾语。。 4. 表语 表语与系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质特征。充作表语的可以是名词、介词短语、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等。 5. 定语 定语是用来修饰名词或代词。它常和名词构成名词短语。定语分前置定语和后置定语。可以作定语的词有形容词、代词、数词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等。 6. 状语 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词和名词等。 7.补足语 补足语分为宾语补足语(object complement)和主语补足语(subject complement)，是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等皆可作补足语。 二、句子结构 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 4.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(S+V+A) 5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 6.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 7.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 8.存现句: 引导词there引导的句子 【考点再现】 1. 请找出句子 “The flowers in the garden are very beautiful.” 的主语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: 句子描述的是关于某物的状态(很美丽)，“in the garden” 是用来修饰 “The flowers” 的定语，整体句子围绕 “The flowers” 展开，说明花的状态，所以主语是 “The flowers”。 答案: The flowers 2. 请说出句子 “The book was written by a famous writer.” 的谓语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: 此句为被动语态的句子，被动语态的结构是 “be + 过去分词”，在这里 “be” 动词是 “was”，“written” 是 “write” 的过去分词，整体 “was written” 表示 “被写” 这个动作，用来描述主语 “The book” 的情况，所以谓语是 “was written”。 答案: was written 3. 请说出句子 “The book was written by a famous writer.” 的谓语是什么。________________ 思路点拨: “He” 是做出 “gave”(给)这个动作的执行者，“her” 是接受 “gave” 这个动作的对象即间接宾语，“a flower” 是 “gave” 这个动作涉及的具体物品也就是直接宾语，句子通过这四个部分完整呈现出他给她一朵花这件事，所以是主谓双宾结构。 答案: 属于主谓双宾结构。主语是 “He”，谓语是 “gave”，间接宾语是 “her”，直接宾语是 “a flower”。 1. 桌上有一些花。(完全倒装) 2. 维持和睦关系的关键是定期、坦诚的沟通。 3. (1)An apple tree loves a boy very much. (2)The tree tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return.(用“so…that…”结构连接) _____________________________________________________________ 4. People were so surprised that they were willing to buy some popcorn from the poorly-dressed little boy. (句型转换) → they were willing to buy some popcorn 真题感知 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The students are very wise and hard-working. A. object B. adverbial C. predictive D. attributive 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Jack offered me some helpful advice. A. indirect object B. direct object C. adverbial D. attributive 3.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The meeting held yesterday was important. A. verb B. object C. attributive D. adverbial 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)She lost her wallet on the way home. A. object B. verb C. adverbial D. attributive 5.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Beijing is the capital of China. A. subject B. object C. verb D. adverbial 6.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Weather matters a great deal. A. SVP B. SVO C. SVOA D. SVA 7.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)A balanced diet keeps the body healthy. A. SVO B. SVP C. SVOC D. SVOA 8.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Her father handed her a letter. A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+IO+DO C. SVC D. SVP 9.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)They work hard. A. SV B. SVP C. SVA D. SVO 10.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)I painted the wall white. A. SVO B. SVP C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO 11.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Every day, he was forced to work from morning till night. A. adverbial B. predicative C. attributive D. complement 12.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)Plants need water. A. SV B. SVP C. SVO D. SVA 13.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏徐州·阶段练习)One of my classmates was so talkative he kept talking to me over the experiment! 14.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习)The flower is dead. A. SVO B. SVP C. SV D. SVOO 15.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习)So nervous was he he forgot his speech during the presentation. 16.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习)As ________ result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. 二. 单句语法填空 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏扬州·阶段练习)The LEGO Group launched MonkieKid, its first series ________(base) on Chinese culture, which is made up of eight play sets and an animated film. 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东东莞·阶段练习)With his attention ________(focus) on the computer game, he didn’t notice that I called him. 3.(2024-2025学年高一上·河北保定·阶段练习)With the help of the ________(advance) technology, we can finish the work on time. 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林·期中)The company is looking for someone who wants to have an interesting and ________(challenge) job. 提升专练 一 阅读七选五 (2024-2025学年高一上·浙江丽水·期中)The transition from middle school to high school can be exciting, but the change can be scary for a lot of people. In fact, there’s a lot to look forward to in high school. Try to look at the bright side and don’t worry. 1 ●Stay organized. Your organizational skills are especially important in high school. 2 You can write down test dates, homework, and other important information to remind yourself. Then go through your notes every week and throw out anything you no longer need. ●Make friends with a bunch of different people. Move out of your comfort zone and be a friend to everyone. If you stick with the same group of friends and never try to meet new people, you might be missing out on new experiences. 3 ● 4 Get plenty of rest so that you wake up feeling good the next day. Try to eat a healthy diet full of plenty of vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein. It sounds cliché(陈词滥调), and you’ve probably heard it before, but taking care of yourself makes a major difference when it comes to getting through freshman year. ●Find extracurricular activities you enjoy. 5 If you enjoy movies, see if there’s a film club at school. Most high schools have dozens of extracurricular activities, and it’s a great way to get engaged at school, relieve stress, and meet other students. A. Be kind to your body. B. Listen to your teacher's advice. C. Get a weekly plan and update it every day. D. Because people like to make friends with outgoing and active people. E. Here are some tips for you during your freshman year of high school. F. If you love volleyball, ask your physical education teacher when tryouts are. G. It doesn’t mean you shouldn’t have a best friend, but it’s always a good idea to keep an open mind. 二. 阅读理解 (2024-2025学年高一上·浙江·期中)Psychological avoidance(心理回避) or avoiding emotions, a common way to escape painful and uncomfortable thoughts, feelings or situations, can harm the emotional well - being and personal growth of high school freshmen. Actually, psychological avoidance can lead to increased levels of anxiety and stress. Avoiding fears and worries only allows them to grow stronger. By avoiding challenging situations, it prevents students from developing important skills, limiting their opportunities for self-discovery and improvement. The famous author J. K. Rowling once said, “It is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so carefully that you might as well not have lived at all.” Psychological avoidance directly affects how well students do in their studies. Freshmen who turn to avoidance will always procrastinate, or even miss deadlines. By avoiding the necessary efforts and tasks required for learning, students may struggle to gain information, reducing the opportunity to succeed in grades. Psychological avoidance can also cause stress or discomfort to relationships. High school students may avoid discussing their feelings with friends or family members, leading to misunderstandings and a breakdown in communication. Instead of dealing with their emotions, they hold back or hide themselves. Students miss out on the chance to deepen their connections with friends, family and peers (同龄人), making it harder for them to form healthy relationships. Psychological avoidance may provide comfort for a short period, but in the long run it can have negative impacts on our mental health, personal growth, academic performance, relationships and other aspects of life. Breaking free from avoidance behaviors is important for academic success and self-confidence, and recognizing the harmful effects of avoidance is the first step. 1. J. K. Rowling might agree that by avoiding challenging situations, ________. A. we fail to discover our thoughts and feelings. B. we can avoid failing at something more easily. C. we miss out on valuable learning experiences. D. we have opportunities to avoid fears and worries. 2. What does the underlined word “procrastinate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Put off tasks. B. Escape from reality. C. Miss out on chances. D. Get out of control. 3. How does psychological avoidance affect students’ ability to form healthy relationships? A. It leads to difficult discussions. B. It stops their connections with others. C. It makes them fail to make new friends. D. It causes them to escape further communication. 4. What will the following paragraph probably talk about? A. The harmful effects of psychological avoidance. B. The forms of psychological avoidance behaviors. C. The strategies of overcoming psychological avoidance. D. The importance of breaking free from avoidance behaviors. 三 语法填空 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 (2024-2025学年高一上·河北唐山·阶段练习)It was 1 first day of my new life. I looked at my new books and checked everything for the new school year. I was 2 (excite) as well as worried. 3 (enter) new school, I was curious 4 everything, new classrooms, new teacher, new classmates etc. It would be a new start for each student. And 5 I was worried about was that I had no friends here. What if no one liked to play with me? Were the teachers strict with students? I felt relaxed when the teacher 6 (ask) me, “What else could I help you, freshman?” I found that the teachers were kind and polite, and the classmates around me were friendly. While I was thinking about how to get on well with my classmates, my deskmate told me about 7 (he) favorite game. He wanted to play with me, 8 I didn’t know how to play, so he taught me 9 (patient) and we played happily. Worries have gone, and 10 (happy) is coming. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$