精品解析：黑龙江省龙东地区2024-2025学年高二上学期阶段测试英语试卷（三）

阶段测试卷（三） 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to do now? A. Watch a basketball match. B. Buy a gift for his mother. C. Go to his mother's birthday party. 2. Why does Mike plan to take the bus home? A. His bicycle is broken. B. He lives far away from the company. C. Taking the bus is the most convenient. 3. When will the man arrive in Sydney? A. At 11: 00 a. m. B. At 10: 00 p. m. C. At 6: 00 p. m. 4. How did the man book the hotel for his holiday? A. On the Internet. B. On the phone. C. Through a friend. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Whether to take a test. B. How to choose a major. C. Whether to seize the opportunity. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a laundry. C. In a restaurant. 7. What will be sent to the man later? A. His dinner. B. His newspaper. C. His bill. 听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman most probably concerned about? A. The taxi's speed. B. The traffic flow. C. The charging standard. 9. What is the woman going to do next? A. Pick up a person. B. See off a client. C. Go on a business trip. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。 10. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Repair her laptop. B. Prepare a report. C. Have an interview. 11. What is the topic of the woman's presentation? A. A development plan. B. A technology research. C. A researching subject. 12. What might the woman worry about? A. Her laptop might not work. B. She might feel too nervous. C. She isn't sure of what to say. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the aim of the campaign? A. To remind people of Earth Day. B. To encourage people to reduce garbage. C. To warn people of the bad effects of pollution. 14. What will be the task on the second day? A. Planting trees. B. Designing posters. C. Collecting garbage. 15. What does the man expect the teachers to do? A. Paint paper. B. Stop driving cars. C. Decorate classrooms. 16. How does Sara find the man's ideas? A. Absurd. B. Hollow. C. Practical. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the speaker go to London for? A. Working there. B. Having a holiday. C. Visiting a friend. 18. In which season did the speaker go to London? A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Autumn. 19. What did the speaker like most in London? A. The wonderful plays. B. The delicious food. C. The beautiful sights. 20. What can we learn from the talk? A. It's necessary to take an umbrella in London. B. The speaker will go to London again this year. C. Most of the restaurants in London only offer English food. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition To celebrate the 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival, National Mall and Memorial Parks is hosting a youth art competition. We need your artistic help to inspire visitors to become Cherry Blossom Protectors! The blooming of the cherry trees around the Tidal Basin has come to symbolize the natural beauty of our nation’s capital city. Thousands of people come every year to see the cherry trees and enjoy the festival. Participants The contest is open to all Washington, D.C. students, K-6. One submission per student please. Theme Artworks should focus on the theme “Cherry Blossom Protector.” Draw or paint a picture that shows what you appreciate about the cherry blossoms, how we can take care of them, and why we should. Submissions must include the words “Cherry Blossom Protector”. Deadline Artworks will be accepted starting December 13, 2023. All submissions must be postmarked by February 25, 2024. Submission requirements A valid submission will contain the following information: 1. An original copy of the artwork. Each piece must be original, authentic (真实的), unpublished, the sole property of the entrant (参赛者), and not previously submitted in any other contest. 2. Your personal information, printed on either the back of your artwork or on a separate sheet attached to your physical artwork or provided with the e-mail for your digital entry: First and last name, grade/age. 3. A completed and signed entry form. Print out the entry form and send it to us when you send your artwork. Entries cannot be accepted without a signed entry form by a parent or guardian. Delivery address Mailed submissions must be sent to: National Mall and Memorial Parks c/o 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition 1100 Ohio Drive, SWWashington, DC 20242 1. Why do National Mall and Memorial Parks host the art competition? A. To honor the national heroes. B. To improve students’ art skills. C. To protect the cherry blossom. D. To attract more visitors to the parks. 2. What should you do if you attend the contest? A. Volunteer as a cherry blossom protector. B. Choose your own theme for the contest. C. Email all your artworks to your school. D. Summit artworks before February 25, 2024. 3. What should be included in the submission entries? A. Personal information. B. A previous submitted copy. C. A guardian’s recommendation. D. An electronic application form. B Imagine this: You’re walking in the beautiful city of Melbourne when you spot a man carrying a giant carrot. As odd as it sounds, this is a common occurrence for Australian locals. In fact, folks have come to know and love this delightful man so much that on the most popular photo app, there’s a whole page dedicated to keeping up with where he’s been seen last. Although just about everyone he comes across is elated to see the carrot man, naturally, they all have to wonder… why does he do it? The answer is simple: To make people smile. Still, how did he even come up with the idea? Luckily, the carrot man, as he’s lovingly called, is happy to share all of the details. First of all, his real name is Nathan. And he’s been carrying around his unusual companion for over a decade. While shopping one day, he bought a giant carrot. In doing so, he noticed it made a number of people smile. Curious of the effects the carrot had on folks, he tried carrying a giant octopus (章鱼) and a squid (鱿鱼) as well. Then, his beloved carrot came into his life. “After that, I made the giant carrot and carried it around town and I noticed a big difference,” Nathan shares. “The diversity of people smiling and the number of people smiling was much greater. So I just kept carrying the carrot around because it was the most successful thing that brings laughter to people.” Nathan tries to make an appearance with his carrot as much as he can, sometimes spending over an hour walking in order to fill someone’s day with a little more sunshine. Based on all of the positive feedback he gets both in person and online, it’s safe to say he’s succeeding. 4. What does the underlined word “elated” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Excited. B. Embarrassed. C. Moved. D. Ashamed. 5. Why did Nathan try carrying a giant octopus and a squid? A. To select proper ingredients. B. To check the effect of carrot. C. To hunt for discounted food. D. To play tricks on customers. 6. How did Nathan make people smile? A. By donating carrots to those in need. B. By sharing different carrots on media. C. By often going out with a giant carrot. D. By dressing up as a carrot deliveryman. 7. Which word can best describe the carrot man? A. Knowledgeable. B. Adventurous. C. Trustworthy. D. Heartwarming. C Climate change isn’t just about rising seas and hotter heatwaves; it’s also bringing about a pothole (坑洞) disaster on our roads! In 2023, the UK reported nearly 630,000 pothole complaints — a shocking five-year peak. Across the road, the USA saw a shocking 57% increase in vehicle damages due to potholes compared to 2021. What’s causing this asphalt (沥青) disaster? Climate change is a key factor, damaging our streets with severe weather and rising temperatures. The science behind this damages is astonishing. Dr. Hassan Davani, an engineering expert, explains that intense heat can soften roads, leading to cracks and potholes. Floods, another climate change mark, wash away road surfaces. Adding to the mess are increased freeze-thaw (冻融) cycles, which create damaged ice lenses under the road. When these melt, they leave behind the terrible potholes. But fear not! There’s hope on the horizon with cutting-edge innovations. Certain regions are adopting pavements designed to endure broader temperature ranges. Gabe Cimini, a pavement engineering expert, points to California’s use of specialized asphalt mixes that can resist temperatures from 58℃ to a freezing -32℃. And there’s more! Modern Hydrogen, a pioneering climate tech startup backed by Bill Gates, is transforming road repair. By using solid carbon from carbon capture in asphalt, they’re crafting roads that are 250% more solid, enduring higher temperatures and reducing CO2 emissions. This revolutionary asphalt is already hitting roads in the US and Canada. Self-healing pavement, or “smart asphalt,” is another game-changer. Imagine roads that can repair themselves! Some newer versions use steel fibres that heat up, melting the mortar (灰浆) to completely mend potholes. While these innovations promise smoother and more solid roads in our climate-impacted world, widespread adoption might still be a few years away. So prepare for an uncomfortable ride, but remember, smoother streets are on the horizon! 8. How does the author stress the serious pothole disasters? A. By stating viewpoints. B. By making comparisons. C. By making a list of cases. D. By supposing a situation. 9. What do we know about Dr. Hassan Davani from the text? A. He analyzed the reason and course of pothole disaster. B. He considered flood as the major factor of climate change. C. He thought things under the road can be recycled. D. He appealed road should be made from eco-friendly materials. 10. What did Gabe Cimini do to solve the problem of road damage? A. Increase the temperature of the asphalt. B. Use solid carbon to make asphalt stronger. C. Get the road to repair itself by smart asphalt. D. Improve the endurance of asphalt mixture. 11. What does the author think of the innovations? A. None of them are available now. B. They will be more widely used in the future. C. They need support from the governments. D. They are impractical solutions to the current disaster. D We all know Bali, a tropical paradise with clear beaches and clean waters. Now, picture a serious reality: waterways choked with electrical goods, and tons of plastic waste. This is the shocking truth facing Bali, an island battling a severe plastic pollution crisis. Bali’s situation is alarming. Annually, the island produces 1. 6 million tonnes of waste, with 303, 000 tonnes being plastic. Shockingly, over half of this remains uncollected, with 33, 000 tonnes polluting the waterways. Indonesia’s contribution to oceanic plastic pollution is incredible, with estimates suggesting 1. 3 million tonnes of unmanaged plastic entering the ocean each year. In the heart of Bali, a special team from Sungai Watch braves the dirty waters every week. Led by Kelly Bencheghib, they went through rivers, facing the mixture of waste—from thrown food to dead animals. Despite the tiring conditions, there’s a sense of fulfillment in seeing the rivers breathe again. Sungai Watch, started by the Bencheghib siblings (兄弟), emerged from their childhood awareness of Bali’s growing plastic problem. Beginning as a local initiative, they have now expanded their reach through social media, attracting global attention. Their efforts motivated the government to take actions, including a significant restoration plan for the Citarum River, one of the world’s most polluted waterways. The organization has set up 268 rubbish barriers across Bali and East Java, funded by community and business donations. These barriers have proven effective, trapping a significant amount of waste, as evidenced by a 2019 study. Yet, the challenge is great. Most of the collected waste ends up in landfills, with only a fraction being recycled into furniture by Sungai Design, their social enterprise arm. The efforts of Sungai Watch highlight a crucial point: individual and community actions can make a difference. However, they also underscore the vastness of the plastic pollution problem. Cleaning up is just the beginning. The ultimate goal is for initiatives like Sungai Watch to become unnecessary, a dream where Bali returns to its true, unspoiled paradise. 12. Why are so many figures mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept. C. To make a prediction. D. To present a fact. 13. What does the author mainly intend to show in paragraph 4? A. The effect of the social media. B. The significance of Sungai Watch. C. The scale of Sungai Watch project. D. The conditions of the Citarum River. 14. What can the team Sungai Watch do at present? A. Collect and recycle the waste. B. Solve all plastic pollution problems. C. Raise everyone’s awareness of health. D. Donate fund to the community and business. 15. What is the best title of the text? A. The Bencheghib Siblings’ Dream B. The Committed Sungai Watch in Baili C. Bali’s Battle Against Plastic Pollution D. Working Together to Keep Bali Beautiful 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I moved to my new house and finally had a place to store my childhood stuff taking up space in my parents’ house. So I flew back to New York where I grew up to sort through a mountain of items from my life. At first, I attempted an “everything-must-go” attitude, quickly throwing things out or setting them aside to donate. ___16___. My time in the family house was over. And I wondered: Was there a less heartbreaking way to do this? Yes, here are my methods. Figure out how much storage space you have Before you start sorting, determine how much storage space you’re willing to devote to your childhood items. ___17___. I knew I had limited shelf space for my stuff in the new garage, so while I didn’t set a hard limit, my principle was to keep as little as possible. I saved three boxes of books I loved as a child. ___18___ You don’t have to hide your mementos (小纪念品) in the attic or garage. Get creative and think outside the box. For example, take photos or donate. Digital mementos save space and you can revisit them any time on your phone or computer. I took tons of photos of journal entries and school artwork. Besides, if it’s in good enough condition for someone else to enjoy, donate whatever you can. ___19___. Even though I still love elephants, I don’t feel defined by my childhood favorite animal anymore. Saved in love These belongings from the past mean someone cared enough to hold onto them for you. This is a value of all of the time and effort and money your parents have poured into you. This has been saved in love. I decided to display one of the childhood photo albums on a bookshelf in our new home. Having it here with me gives me the sense: ___20___. A. The process started out easily B. Give your childhood stuff a new life C. I’ve started to fill my own home with love D. Honor your memories associated with each object E. But as the bedrooms emptied out, I felt a sense of sadness F. That will help you understand how much stuff you can keep G. I passed on some elephant-themed artwork that I collected over the years 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Martin is a qualified personal trainer for more than 30 years. He recently ___21___ a nonprofit organization, Fit2Give, to provide free personal training to ___22___ communities. Not everyone can attend a group exercise class — some need a one-on-one ___23___ . “The trainers will be paid; that’s why we’re taking ___24___ ,” Martin says. “We’re paying for their certification (资格证书) and their ___25___ and their ability to establish a ___26___ relationship with someone.” Martin’s own ___27___ to fitness started when he was young, playing sports such as basketball and football. Later, he was attracted to weights and started visiting the gym. “One day when I was ___28___ at the gym, a supervisor (指导者) suggested I take the exam and become a trainer because I was giving advice to everybody all the time,” he ___29___ . “They loaned me their book. I took the exam. I ____30____ .” Martin has been supporting people’s fitness goals for many years, which brings Martin great ____31____ . He says one client who lost 100 pounds through ____32____ diet and exercise. At her weigh-in, “her family was there, and they came up to me in ____33____ and said, ‘We thank you so much. Our mom, she’s like a ____34____ person’. It was ____35____ to me that not only had I affected her, I had affected her family. That warmed my heart.” 21. A. launched B. expanded C. assisted D. declared 22. A. unscheduled B. uncertain C. unexpected D. under-served 23. A. exam B. approach C. battle D. call 24. A. risks B. chances C. donations D. measures 25. A. knowledge B. attempt C. background D. spirit 26. A. dangerous B. calm C. harmonious D. peaceful 27. A. path B. secret C. key D. solution 28. A. carrying on B. hanging around C. moving forward D. working out 29. A. bargains B. recalls C. explains D. complains 30. A. failed B. struggled C. passed D. declined 31. A. joy B. progress C. luck D. wealth 32. A. free B. delayed C. common D. improved 33. A. rags B. tears C. pain D. effort 34. A. new B. strong C. caring D. good 35. A. worrying B. shocking C. amazing D. upsetting 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the last decade, China ____36____ (witness) tremendous changes, which could not have been achieved ____37____ the hard work of its people. There are many ways ____38____ (record) the past time, but the story that, at times, leaves a mark on each person is surely the most vivid. Recently, a man named Zou Yi, ____39____ has recorded Beijing’s blue sky, shared his observations on the improvement of air quality in China’s capital, as well as his understanding of the efforts behind the brilliant blue skies. His first photo ____40____ (take) on January 27, 2013. He did the same the next day, and the day after that. He continued for nine more years and, ____41____ (natural), has the most direct amateur observations ever captured of the changes above the heart of Beijing. ____42____ took more than 50 years for London and Los Angeles to deal with air pollution, ____43____ (compare) with just a decade for Beijing. The battle against air pollution has claimed some major stepwise victories over the years, which perfectly shows the Chinese administration’s ____44____ (determine) and action in building _____45_____ prosperous and beautiful country. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。 1. 恰当管理时间的意义； 2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 How to Spend Time Properly ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Mango Tree—A Friend of All It was a usual cheerful and playful day for Dorothy. The only difference was that her family had shifted to a new apartment. Although she had been in the new house just two days, Dorothy had already started liking her new home very much, not only because of the spacious rooms, but also because of a large mango tree which had lovingly extended its branches across the balcony of her house. The mango tree not only gave a beautiful view but also served as a home for a large number of birds and small animals. Dorothy’s mother was also fond of plants and had kept many potted plants in the balcony. A week passed by. On a Sunday morning, Dorothy was awakened by a loud noise in her neighbourhood. She ran towards the balcony and, to her surprise, found some people chopping (砍) off the beloved mango tree. She ran up to her mother and explained the matter. Dorothy and her mother looked down from the balcony. They saw the women under the guidance of Mr. Denver, cutting the mango tree down. Mr. Denver was the resident of the ground floor apartment. He said angrily, “Look, I am getting this job done under my expense. This tree is blocking my view. I cannot see my car properly because of this annoying tree.” Dorothy and her mother understood that there was no point in having an argument with Mr. Denver. From then on, Dorothy tried all possible ways to take her revenge (报复) against Mr. Denver for cutting her beloved mango tree. She did many tricks such as sticking the gum on his calling bell, pouring sugar in his balcony to attractants, jumping on the floor to create noise, etc. Days passed by. One morning, as Dorothy was helping her mother water the potted plants kept in the balcony, she couldn’t take here eyes away from the fresh green leaves coming from the injured mango tree. Dorothy couldn’t hold her excitement and started jumping with delight. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 BACBC 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 AACAB 16-20 CBCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阶段测试卷（三） 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to do now? A. Watch a basketball match. B. Buy a gift for his mother. C. Go to his mother's birthday party. 2. Why does Mike plan to take the bus home? A. His bicycle is broken. B. He lives far away from the company. C. Taking the bus is the most convenient. 3. When will the man arrive in Sydney? A. At 11: 00 a. m. B. At 10: 00 p. m. C. At 6: 00 p. m. 4. How did the man book the hotel for his holiday? A. On the Internet. B. On the phone. C. Through a friend. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Whether to take a test. B. How to choose a major. C. Whether to seize the opportunity. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a laundry. C. In a restaurant. 7. What will be sent to the man later? A. His dinner. B. His newspaper. C. His bill. 听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman most probably concerned about? A. The taxi's speed. B. The traffic flow. C. The charging standard. 9. What is the woman going to do next? A. Pick up a person. B. See off a client. C. Go on a business trip. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。 10. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Repair her laptop. B. Prepare a report. C. Have an interview. 11. What is the topic of the woman's presentation? A. A development plan. B. A technology research. C. A researching subject. 12. What might the woman worry about? A. Her laptop might not work. B. She might feel too nervous. C. She isn't sure of what to say. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the aim of the campaign? A. To remind people of Earth Day. B. To encourage people to reduce garbage. C. To warn people of the bad effects of pollution. 14. What will be the task on the second day? A. Planting trees. B. Designing posters. C. Collecting garbage. 15. What does the man expect the teachers to do? A. Paint paper. B. Stop driving cars. C. Decorate classrooms. 16. How does Sara find the man's ideas? A. Absurd. B. Hollow. C. Practical. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the speaker go to London for? A. Working there. B. Having a holiday. C. Visiting a friend. 18. In which season did the speaker go to London? A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Autumn. 19. What did the speaker like most in London? A. The wonderful plays. B. The delicious food. C. The beautiful sights. 20. What can we learn from the talk? A. It's necessary to take an umbrella in London. B. The speaker will go to London again this year. C. Most of the restaurants in London only offer English food. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition To celebrate the 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival, National Mall and Memorial Parks is hosting a youth art competition. We need your artistic help to inspire visitors to become Cherry Blossom Protectors! The blooming of the cherry trees around the Tidal Basin has come to symbolize the natural beauty of our nation’s capital city. Thousands of people come every year to see the cherry trees and enjoy the festival. Participants The contest is open to all Washington, D.C. students, K-6. One submission per student please. Theme Artworks should focus on the theme “Cherry Blossom Protector.” Draw or paint a picture that shows what you appreciate about the cherry blossoms, how we can take care of them, and why we should. Submissions must include the words “Cherry Blossom Protector”. Deadline Artworks will be accepted starting December 13, 2023. All submissions must be postmarked by February 25, 2024. Submission requirements A valid submission will contain the following information: 1. An original copy of the artwork. Each piece must be original, authentic (真实的), unpublished, the sole property of the entrant (参赛者), and not previously submitted in any other contest. 2. Your personal information, printed on either the back of your artwork or on a separate sheet attached to your physical artwork or provided with the e-mail for your digital entry: First and last name, grade/age. 3. A completed and signed entry form. Print out the entry form and send it to us when you send your artwork. Entries cannot be accepted without a signed entry form by a parent or guardian. Delivery address Mailed submissions must be sent to: National Mall and Memorial Parks c/o 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition 1100 Ohio Drive, SWWashington, DC 20242 1. Why do National Mall and Memorial Parks host the art competition? A. To honor the national heroes. B. To improve students’ art skills. C. To protect the cherry blossom. D. To attract more visitors to the parks. 2. What should you do if you attend the contest? A. Volunteer as a cherry blossom protector. B. Choose your own theme for the contest. C. Email all your artworks to your school. D. Summit artworks before February 25, 2024. 3. What should be included in the submission entries? A. Personal information. B. A previous submitted copy. C. A guardian’s recommendation. D. An electronic application form. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍2024全国樱花节学生艺术大赛的相关情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“We need your artistic help to inspire visitors to become Cherry Blossom Protectors! (我们需要你的艺术帮助来激励游客成为樱花保护者！)”可知，举办该艺术竞赛是为了帮助保护樱花。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Deadline部分“Artworks will be accepted starting December 13, 2023. All submissions must be postmarked by February 25, 2024. (艺术品将于2023年12月13日开始接受。所有提交的文件必须在2024年2月25日之前加盖邮戳。)”可知，艺术品将于2023年12月13日开始接受，所有提交的文件必须在2024年2月25日之前加盖邮戳寄出。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Submission requirements部分“Your personal information (你的个人信息)”可知，提交的作品要包含个人信息。故选A。 B Imagine this: You’re walking in the beautiful city of Melbourne when you spot a man carrying a giant carrot. As odd as it sounds, this is a common occurrence for Australian locals. In fact, folks have come to know and love this delightful man so much that on the most popular photo app, there’s a whole page dedicated to keeping up with where he’s been seen last. Although just about everyone he comes across is elated to see the carrot man, naturally, they all have to wonder… why does he do it? The answer is simple: To make people smile. Still, how did he even come up with the idea? Luckily, the carrot man, as he’s lovingly called, is happy to share all of the details. First of all, his real name is Nathan. And he’s been carrying around his unusual companion for over a decade. While shopping one day, he bought a giant carrot. In doing so, he noticed it made a number of people smile. Curious of the effects the carrot had on folks, he tried carrying a giant octopus (章鱼) and a squid (鱿鱼) as well. Then, his beloved carrot came into his life. “After that, I made the giant carrot and carried it around town and I noticed a big difference,” Nathan shares. “The diversity of people smiling and the number of people smiling was much greater. So I just kept carrying the carrot around because it was the most successful thing that brings laughter to people.” Nathan tries to make an appearance with his carrot as much as he can, sometimes spending over an hour walking in order to fill someone’s day with a little more sunshine. Based on all of the positive feedback he gets both in person and online, it’s safe to say he’s succeeding. 4. What does the underlined word “elated” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Excited. B. Embarrassed. C. Moved. D. Ashamed. 5. Why did Nathan try carrying a giant octopus and a squid? A. To select proper ingredients. B. To check the effect of carrot. C. To hunt for discounted food. D. To play tricks on customers. 6. How did Nathan make people smile? A. By donating carrots to those in need. B. By sharing different carrots on media. C. By often going out with a giant carrot. D. By dressing up as a carrot deliveryman. 7. Which word can best describe the carrot man? A. Knowledgeable. B. Adventurous. C. Trustworthy. D. Heartwarming. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了墨尔本居民Nathan被称为“胡萝卜人”，他总是携带巨大的胡萝卜在街上走动，目的是让人们微笑，并收到了许多积极的反馈。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“The answer is simple: To make people smile. (答案很简单：让人们微笑)”可知，这些人会因此而微笑，由此可知，他遇到的每个人看到他都很高兴，画线词意思应该与Excited“兴奋的，激动的”接近。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Curious of the effects the carrot had on folks, he tried carrying a giant octopus and a squid as well. (由于好奇这个胡萝卜对人的影响，他试着同时携带一只巨型章鱼和一只鱿鱼)”可知，Nathan试着携带一只巨型章鱼和一只鱿鱼来测试胡萝卜的效果。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中Nathan所说的话“So I just kept carrying the carrot around because it was the most successful thing that brings laughter to people. (所以我一直带着胡萝卜到处走，因为这是给人们带来笑声的最成功的事情)”可知，Nathan经常带着一个巨大的胡萝卜出门，让人们微笑。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Nathan tries to make an appearance with his carrot as much as he can, sometimes spending over an hour walking in order to fill someone’s day with a little more sunshine. (Nathan试图尽可能多地带着他的胡萝卜露面，有时他会花一个多小时的时间走路，让别人的一天多一点阳光)”可知，文章讲述了墨尔本居民Nathan的故事，他被称为“胡萝卜人”，因为他总是携带巨大的胡萝卜在街上走动，目的是让人们微笑，并收到了许多积极的反馈。由此可知，胡萝卜人Nathan是非常暖心的。故选D项。 C Climate change isn’t just about rising seas and hotter heatwaves; it’s also bringing about a pothole (坑洞) disaster on our roads! In 2023, the UK reported nearly 630,000 pothole complaints — a shocking five-year peak. Across the road, the USA saw a shocking 57% increase in vehicle damages due to potholes compared to 2021. What’s causing this asphalt (沥青) disaster? Climate change is a key factor, damaging our streets with severe weather and rising temperatures. The science behind this damages is astonishing. Dr. Hassan Davani, an engineering expert, explains that intense heat can soften roads, leading to cracks and potholes. Floods, another climate change mark, wash away road surfaces. Adding to the mess are increased freeze-thaw (冻融) cycles, which create damaged ice lenses under the road. When these melt, they leave behind the terrible potholes. But fear not! There’s hope on the horizon with cutting-edge innovations. Certain regions are adopting pavements designed to endure broader temperature ranges. Gabe Cimini, a pavement engineering expert, points to California’s use of specialized asphalt mixes that can resist temperatures from 58℃ to a freezing -32℃. And there’s more! Modern Hydrogen, a pioneering climate tech startup backed by Bill Gates, is transforming road repair. By using solid carbon from carbon capture in asphalt, they’re crafting roads that are 250% more solid, enduring higher temperatures and reducing CO2 emissions. This revolutionary asphalt is already hitting roads in the US and Canada. Self-healing pavement, or “smart asphalt,” is another game-changer. Imagine roads that can repair themselves! Some newer versions use steel fibres that heat up, melting the mortar (灰浆) to completely mend potholes. While these innovations promise smoother and more solid roads in our climate-impacted world, widespread adoption might still be a few years away. So prepare for an uncomfortable ride, but remember, smoother streets are on the horizon! 8. How does the author stress the serious pothole disasters? A. By stating viewpoints. B. By making comparisons. C. By making a list of cases. D. By supposing a situation. 9. What do we know about Dr. Hassan Davani from the text? A. He analyzed the reason and course of pothole disaster. B. He considered flood as the major factor of climate change. C. He thought things under the road can be recycled. D. He appealed road should be made from eco-friendly materials. 10. What did Gabe Cimini do to solve the problem of road damage? A. Increase the temperature of the asphalt. B. Use solid carbon to make asphalt stronger. C. Get the road to repair itself by smart asphalt. D. Improve the endurance of asphalt mixture. 11. What does the author think of the innovations? A. None of them are available now. B. They will be more widely used in the future. C. They need support from the governments. D. They are impractical solutions to the current disaster. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化使道路坑洞增多，并提出了几种有希望的创造性解决方案。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2023, the UK reported nearly 630,000 pothole complaints — a shocking five-year peak. Across the road, the USA saw a shocking 57% increase in vehicle damages due to potholes compared to 2021.(2023年，英国报告了近63万起路面坑坑洼洼的投诉，这是五年来令人震惊的峰值。在马路对面，与2021年相比，美国因坑洼造成的车辆损坏增加了57%，令人震惊)”可推知，作者通过列举一些情况来强调坑洞灾难的严重性。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The science behind this damages is astonishing. Dr. Hassan Davani, an engineering expert, explains that intense heat can soften roads, leading to cracks and potholes. Floods, another climate change mark, wash away road surfaces. Adding to the mess are increased freeze-thaw (冻融) cycles, which create damaged ice lenses under the road. When these melt, they leave behind the terrible potholes.(这种损害背后的科学是惊人的。工程专家哈桑·达瓦尼博士解释说，高温会软化道路，导致裂缝和坑洞。洪水，另一个气候变化的标志，冲走了路面。更糟糕的是，冻融循环的增加会导致路面下的冰透镜受损。当它们融化时，留下了可怕的坑洼)”可推知，哈桑博士主要分析了坑洞产生的原因和过程。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Gabe Cimini, a pavement engineering expert, points to California’s use of specialized asphalt mixes that can resist temperatures from 58℃ to a freezing -32℃.(路面工程专家加布·西米尼指出，加州使用的特殊沥青混合料可以抵抗58℃到零下32℃的低温)”可知，Gabe Cimini提高沥青混合料的耐力来解决路面受损问题。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“While these innovations promise smoother and more solid roads in our climate-impacted world, widespread adoption might still be a few years away.(虽然这些创新为我们这个受气候影响的世界带来了更平坦、更坚固的道路，但广泛采用可能还需要几年的时间)”可知，这些创新将来会更广泛地应用。故选B。 D We all know Bali, a tropical paradise with clear beaches and clean waters. Now, picture a serious reality: waterways choked with electrical goods, and tons of plastic waste. This is the shocking truth facing Bali, an island battling a severe plastic pollution crisis. Bali’s situation is alarming. Annually, the island produces 1. 6 million tonnes of waste, with 303, 000 tonnes being plastic. Shockingly, over half of this remains uncollected, with 33, 000 tonnes polluting the waterways. Indonesia’s contribution to oceanic plastic pollution is incredible, with estimates suggesting 1. 3 million tonnes of unmanaged plastic entering the ocean each year. In the heart of Bali, a special team from Sungai Watch braves the dirty waters every week. Led by Kelly Bencheghib, they went through rivers, facing the mixture of waste—from thrown food to dead animals. Despite the tiring conditions, there’s a sense of fulfillment in seeing the rivers breathe again. Sungai Watch, started by the Bencheghib siblings (兄弟), emerged from their childhood awareness of Bali’s growing plastic problem. Beginning as a local initiative, they have now expanded their reach through social media, attracting global attention. Their efforts motivated the government to take actions, including a significant restoration plan for the Citarum River, one of the world’s most polluted waterways. The organization has set up 268 rubbish barriers across Bali and East Java, funded by community and business donations. These barriers have proven effective, trapping a significant amount of waste, as evidenced by a 2019 study. Yet, the challenge is great. Most of the collected waste ends up in landfills, with only a fraction being recycled into furniture by Sungai Design, their social enterprise arm. The efforts of Sungai Watch highlight a crucial point: individual and community actions can make a difference. However, they also underscore the vastness of the plastic pollution problem. Cleaning up is just the beginning. The ultimate goal is for initiatives like Sungai Watch to become unnecessary, a dream where Bali returns to its true, unspoiled paradise. 12. Why are so many figures mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept. C. To make a prediction. D. To present a fact. 13. What does the author mainly intend to show in paragraph 4? A. The effect of the social media. B. The significance of Sungai Watch. C. The scale of Sungai Watch project. D. The conditions of the Citarum River. 14. What can the team Sungai Watch do at present? A. Collect and recycle the waste. B. Solve all plastic pollution problems. C. Raise everyone’s awareness of health. D. Donate fund to the community and business. 15. What is the best title of the text? A. The Bencheghib Siblings’ Dream B. The Committed Sungai Watch in Baili C. Bali’s Battle Against Plastic Pollution D. Working Together to Keep Bali Beautiful 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴厘岛正与塑料污染斗争。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。文章第二段“Bali’s situation is alarming. Annually, the island produces 1. 6 million tonnes of waste, with 303, 000 tonnes being plastic. Shockingly, over half of this remains uncollected, with 33, 000 tonnes polluting the waterways. Indonesia’s contribution to oceanic plastic pollution is incredible, with estimates suggesting 1. 3 million tonnes of unmanaged plastic entering the ocean each year. (巴厘岛的情况令人担忧。每年，该岛会产生160万吨垃圾，其中有30.3万吨是塑料垃圾。令人震惊的是，超过半数的垃圾仍未被收集起来，有3.3万吨垃圾正在污染水道。印度尼西亚对海洋塑料污染的“贡献”大得惊人，据估计，每年有130万吨未经处理的塑料流入海洋。)”提到巴厘岛每年产生的垃圾量、塑料垃圾量，还有未收集的量以及污染水道的量等众多数据，其目的是呈现出巴厘岛塑料污染的真实严峻情况这一事实，让读者对其有更直观清晰的了解，由此可知，第二段提及诸多数字是为了陈述巴厘岛塑料污染的事实。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Sungai Watch, started by the Bencheghib siblings (兄弟), emerged from their childhood awareness of Bali’s growing plastic problem. Beginning as a local initiative, they have now expanded their reach through social media, attracting global attention. Their efforts motivated the government to take actions, including a significant restoration plan for the Citarum River, one of the world’s most polluted waterways. (“河流观察”组织由本切吉布兄弟姐妹发起，源于他们儿时就意识到巴厘岛日益严重的塑料问题。该组织最初只是一项地方倡议，如今通过社交媒体扩大了影响力，吸引了全球的关注。他们的努力促使政府采取行动，其中包括针对芝塔龙河 (Citarum River)——世界上污染最严重的水道之一——制定一项重大的修复计划。)”可知，“河流观察” 组织由本切吉布兄弟姐妹发起，缘起于他们儿时对巴厘岛塑料问题的关注，起初是地方倡议，后借助社交媒体扩大影响力、吸引全球目光，其努力还推动政府针对世界上污染严重的芝塔龙河制定重大修复计划。由此可知，该段主要讲述Sungai Watch的重大意义。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The organization has set up 268 rubbish barriers across Bali and East Java, funded by community and business donations. These barriers have proven effective, trapping a significant amount of waste, as evidenced by a 2019 study. Yet, the challenge is great. Most of the collected waste ends up in landfills, with only a fraction being recycled into furniture by Sungai Design, their social enterprise arm. (该组织在巴厘岛和东爪哇岛设置了268个垃圾拦截装置，资金来源于社区和企业捐赠。2019年的一项研究表明，这些拦截装置成效显著，拦截了大量垃圾。然而，挑战依然艰巨。收集起来的大部分垃圾最终都被填埋了，只有一小部分由他们旗下的社会企业“河流设计”回收制成家具。)”可知，目前 Sungai Watch团队收集并再利用废物。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章首段“We all know Bali, a tropical paradise with clear beaches and clean waters. Now, picture a serious reality: waterways choked with electrical goods, and tons of plastic waste. This is the shocking truth facing Bali, an island battling a severe plastic pollution crisis. (我们都知道巴厘岛，那是一个有着清澈海滩和洁净海水的热带天堂。现在，想象一下这样一个严峻的现实：水道被电器用品堵塞，还有成吨的塑料垃圾。这就是巴厘岛所面临的令人震惊的现状，这座岛屿正在与严重的塑料污染危机作斗争。)”可知，首段提出了文章中心话题，即“巴厘岛正在与塑料污染做斗争”，所以C项可作标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I moved to my new house and finally had a place to store my childhood stuff taking up space in my parents’ house. So I flew back to New York where I grew up to sort through a mountain of items from my life. At first, I attempted an “everything-must-go” attitude, quickly throwing things out or setting them aside to donate. ___16___. My time in the family house was over. And I wondered: Was there a less heartbreaking way to do this? Yes, here are my methods. Figure out how much storage space you have Before you start sorting, determine how much storage space you’re willing to devote to your childhood items. ___17___. I knew I had limited shelf space for my stuff in the new garage, so while I didn’t set a hard limit, my principle was to keep as little as possible. I saved three boxes of books I loved as a child. ___18___ You don’t have to hide your mementos (小纪念品) in the attic or garage. Get creative and think outside the box. For example, take photos or donate. Digital mementos save space and you can revisit them any time on your phone or computer. I took tons of photos of journal entries and school artwork. Besides, if it’s in good enough condition for someone else to enjoy, donate whatever you can. ___19___. Even though I still love elephants, I don’t feel defined by my childhood favorite animal anymore. Saved in love These belongings from the past mean someone cared enough to hold onto them for you. This is a value of all of the time and effort and money your parents have poured into you. This has been saved in love. I decided to display one of the childhood photo albums on a bookshelf in our new home. Having it here with me gives me the sense: ___20___. A. The process started out easily B. Give your childhood stuff a new life C. I’ve started to fill my own home with love D. Honor your memories associated with each object E. But as the bedrooms emptied out, I felt a sense of sadness F. That will help you understand how much stuff you can keep G. I passed on some elephant-themed artwork that I collected over the years 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在文章中，作者通过亲身体会，教成年人搬家时如何整理过去的东西。 【16题详解】 前文“At first, I attempted an “everything-must-go” attitude, quickly throwing things out or setting them aside to donate. (一开始，我试着采取一种“所有东西都必须舍弃”的态度，迅速扔掉东西或把它们放在一边捐给别人)”表明自己一开始打算舍弃东西，后文“My time in the family house was over. And I wondered: Was there a less heartbreaking way to do this? (我在家里的日子结束了。我在想：有没有一种不那么令人心碎的方式来做到这一点)”提到这样处理的时候内心的感受，觉得有些心碎，因此E项“But as the bedrooms emptied out, I felt a sense of sadness (但当卧室被清空时，我感到一种悲伤)”符合语境，指出因为卧室被清空而悲伤，和前文构成转折，引出后文更为具体的感受。故选E。 【17题详解】 前文“Before you start sorting, determine how much storage space you’re willing to devote to your childhood items. (在你开始整理之前，确定你愿意为你的童年物品分配多少存储空间)”建议要提前确定好存储童年物品的空间，因此F项“That will help you understand how much stuff you can keep (这将帮助你了解你可以保留多少东西)”符合语境，指出这样做有助于确定保留东西的量，属于其好处，其中的That指代前一句的做法，承接前文。故选F。 【18题详解】 空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，后文“You don’t have to hide your mementos (小纪念品) in the attic or garage. Get creative and think outside the box. For example, take photos or donate. Digital mementos save space and you can revisit them any time on your phone or computer. (你不必把小纪念品藏在阁楼或车库里。要有创意，跳出思维定势。例如，拍照或捐赠。数字纪念品节省空间，你可以随时在手机或电脑上重新浏览它们)”和“Besides, if it’s in good enough condition for someone else to enjoy, donate whatever you can. (此外，如果它的状况足够好，别人可以享用，捐出你能捐的)”主要建议采用创新的方式保存小纪念品，可以拍照让其数字化，或捐给他人，因此B项“Give your childhood stuff a new life (给你童年的东西一个新的生命)”符合语境，提出赋予这些东西新的生命，契合段落内容。故选B。 【19题详解】 前文“Besides, if it’s in good enough condition for someone else to enjoy, donate whatever you can. (此外，如果它的状况足够好，别人可以享用，捐出你能捐的)”给出另一种处理方法，建议把东西捐给他人，后文“Even though I still love elephants, I don’t feel defined by my childhood favorite animal anymore. (尽管我仍然喜欢大象，但我不再觉得我童年最喜欢的动物能定义我了)”以自己的情况为例，解释了处理大象相关物品的逻辑，因此G项“I passed on some elephant-themed artwork that I collected over the years (我传递了一些我多年来收集的大象主题艺术品)”符合语境，提到自己捐出了大象主题艺术品，承前启后，其中的elephant在后文有同词复现。故选G。 【20题详解】 前文“I decided to display one of the childhood photo albums on a bookshelf in our new home. Having it here with me gives me the sense (我决定在新家的书架上展示一本童年相册。有它在我身边，让我有了这种感觉)”提到自己在新空间中展示一本童年相册的做法，指出这带来一种感觉，因此C项“I’ve started to fill my own home with love (我开始用爱填满我自己的家)”符合语境，指出这种感觉是用爱填满自己的家，承接前文。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Martin is a qualified personal trainer for more than 30 years. He recently ___21___ a nonprofit organization, Fit2Give, to provide free personal training to ___22___ communities. Not everyone can attend a group exercise class — some need a one-on-one ___23___ . “The trainers will be paid; that’s why we’re taking ___24___ ,” Martin says. “We’re paying for their certification (资格证书) and their ___25___ and their ability to establish a ___26___ relationship with someone.” Martin’s own ___27___ to fitness started when he was young, playing sports such as basketball and football. Later, he was attracted to weights and started visiting the gym. “One day when I was ___28___ at the gym, a supervisor (指导者) suggested I take the exam and become a trainer because I was giving advice to everybody all the time,” he ___29___ . “They loaned me their book. I took the exam. I ____30____ .” Martin has been supporting people’s fitness goals for many years, which brings Martin great ____31____ . He says one client who lost 100 pounds through ____32____ diet and exercise. At her weigh-in, “her family was there, and they came up to me in ____33____ and said, ‘We thank you so much. Our mom, she’s like a ____34____ person’. It was ____35____ to me that not only had I affected her, I had affected her family. That warmed my heart.” 21. A. launched B. expanded C. assisted D. declared 22. A. unscheduled B. uncertain C. unexpected D. under-served 23. A. exam B. approach C. battle D. call 24. A. risks B. chances C. donations D. measures 25. A. knowledge B. attempt C. background D. spirit 26. A. dangerous B. calm C. harmonious D. peaceful 27. A. path B. secret C. key D. solution 28. A. carrying on B. hanging around C. moving forward D. working out 29. A. bargains B. recalls C. explains D. complains 30. A. failed B. struggled C. passed D. declined 31. A. joy B. progress C. luck D. wealth 32. A. free B. delayed C. common D. improved 33. A. rags B. tears C. pain D. effort 34. A. new B. strong C. caring D. good 35. A. worrying B. shocking C. amazing D. upsetting 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了健身教练马丁通过非营利组织Fit2Give，为服务不足的社区提供免费的个人培训，帮助人们减肥以及实现健身目标。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最近成立了一个非营利组织Fit2Give，为服务不足的社区提供免费的个人培训。A. launched启动；B. expanded扩大；C. assisted帮助；D. declared宣布。根据后文“a nonprofit organization, Fit2Give”可知，此处指启动非营利组织Fit2Give。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他最近成立了一个非营利组织Fit2Give，为服务不足的社区提供免费的个人培训。A. unscheduled不按计划的；B. uncertain犹豫的；C. unexpected意外的；D. under-served服务不周到的。根据后文“Not everyone can attend a group exercise class”可知，组织发起的原因是不是每个人都能参加集体健身班，说明有的社区服务不足。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是每个人都能参加集体健身班——有些人需要一对一的方式。A. exam考试；B. approach方式，方法；C. battle战斗；D. call电话。根据上文“Not everyone can attend a group exercise class — some need a one-on-one”可知，不是每个人都能参加集体健身班——有些人需要一对一的方式。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“教练会得到报酬；这就是我们接受捐款的原因，”马丁说。A. risks风险；B. chances机会；C. donations捐赠；D. measures措施。根据前文“He recently __1__ a nonprofit organization, Fit2Give, to provide free personal training to __2__ communities.”以及后文“We’re paying for their certification”可知，他们需要接受捐款来为教练付费。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们为他们的认证、他们的知识以及他们与他人建立和谐关系的能力付费。A. knowledge知识；B. attempt尝试；C. background背景；D. spirit精神。根据后文“and their ability to establish a”可知，要成为教练需要相应的知识，所以他们为他们的认证、他们的知识以及他们与他人建立和谐关系的能力付费。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们为他们的认证、他们的知识以及他们与他人建立和谐关系的能力付费。A. dangerous危险的；B. calm平静的；C. harmonious和谐的；D. peaceful和平的。根据后文“relationship with someone”以及常识可知，教练需要和他人建立和谐的关系。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马丁自己的健身之路始于他年轻时，参加篮球和足球等运动。A. path道路；B. secret秘密；C. key关键；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“to fitness started when he was young”可知，马丁自己的健身之路始于他年轻时。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“有一天，当我在健身房锻炼时，一位主管建议我参加考试，成为一名教练，因为我一直在给每个人提建议，”他回忆道。A. carrying on继续；B. hanging around四处闲逛；C. moving forward向前移动；D. working out锻炼。根据后文“at the gym”可知，此处指当时在健身房锻炼的场景。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有一天，当我在健身房锻炼时，一位主管建议我参加考试，成为一名教练，因为我一直在给每个人提建议，”他回忆道。A. bargains讨价还价；B. recalls回想起；C. explains解释；D. complains投诉。根据上文“at the gym, a supervisor suggested I take the exam and become a trainer because I was giving advice to everybody all the time”可知，事情发生在过去，所以是回忆当时的情景。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过了（考试）。A. failed失败；B. struggled努力；C. passed通过；D. declined下降。根据上文“Martin is a qualified personal trainer for more than 30 years.(马丁是一名有30多年经验的合格私人教练)”以及“I took the exam.”可知，马丁从事健身行业，此处表示马丁通过了考试。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马丁多年来一直支持人们的健身目标，这给马丁带来了巨大的快乐。A. joy快乐；B. progress进步；C. luck运气；D. wealth财富。根据后文“That warmed my heart.(这温暖了我的心)”可知，从事这一行业给马丁带来了快乐。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，一位客户通过改善饮食和锻炼减掉了100磅。A. free自由的；B. delayed推迟；C. common共同的；D. improved改善过的。根据上文“He says one client who lost 100 pounds through”以及常识可知，要减肥需要通过改善饮食和锻炼。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她称体重的时候，“她的家人都在那里，他们流着泪走到我面前，对我说：‘我们非常感谢你。”A. rags破布；B. tears眼泪；C. pain痛苦；D. effort努力。根据后文“We thank you so much.”可知，此处指这家人对马丁的付出所感动到落泪，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的妈妈，她就像一个新人。A. new新的；B. strong强壮的；C. caring关心的；D. good好的。根据上文“one client who lost 100 pounds”可知，顾客减掉了许多，焕然一新，像一个新人。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我吃惊的是，我不仅影响了她，也影响了她的家庭。A. worrying令人担忧的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. amazing惊人的；D. upsetting令人沮丧的。根据后文“to me that not only had I affected her, I had affected her family”可知，他惊讶于自己产生了这么大的影响，不仅影响了她，也影响了她的家庭。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the last decade, China ____36____ (witness) tremendous changes, which could not have been achieved ____37____ the hard work of its people. There are many ways ____38____ (record) the past time, but the story that, at times, leaves a mark on each person is surely the most vivid. Recently, a man named Zou Yi, ____39____ has recorded Beijing’s blue sky, shared his observations on the improvement of air quality in China’s capital, as well as his understanding of the efforts behind the brilliant blue skies. His first photo ____40____ (take) on January 27, 2013. He did the same the next day, and the day after that. He continued for nine more years and, ____41____ (natural), has the most direct amateur observations ever captured of the changes above the heart of Beijing. ____42____ took more than 50 years for London and Los Angeles to deal with air pollution, ____43____ (compare) with just a decade for Beijing. The battle against air pollution has claimed some major stepwise victories over the years, which perfectly shows the Chinese administration’s ____44____ (determine) and action in building _____45_____ prosperous and beautiful country. 【答案】36. has witnessed 37. without 38. to record 39. who 40. was taken 41. naturally 42. It 43. compared 44. determination 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了一位男士用自己的方式记录了首都北京的蓝天，也向世人展示了中国在治理空气污染工作中的巨大成就。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：过去10年，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，这是中国人民艰苦奋斗的结果。根据上文Over the last decade可知为现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has witnessed。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：过去10年，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，这是中国人民艰苦奋斗的结果。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有艰苦奋斗就无法取得成就”应用介词without，构成双重否定表肯定。故填without。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：记录过去时光的方式有很多种，但有时在每个人身上留下印记的故事肯定是最生动的。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to record。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最近，一位名叫邹毅的人记录了北京的蓝天，分享了他对中国首都空气质量改善的观察，以及他对灿烂蓝天背后的努力的理解。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Zou Yi，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他的第一张照片拍摄于2013年1月27日。主语photo与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文on January 27, 2013可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was taken。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：他又持续了9年，自然地，他获得了迄今为止对北京中心上空变化的最直接的业余观测。修饰后文句子，应用副词naturally。故填naturally。 【42题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：伦敦和洛杉矶用了50多年的时间来解决空气污染问题，而北京只用了10年。此处为句型it takes/took+一段时间+for sb. to do sth.表示“做某事花费多少时间”。首字母大写。故填It。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦和洛杉矶用了50多年的时间来解决空气污染问题，而北京只用了10年。短语be compared with表示“和……比较”，过去分词作状语。故填compared。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：多年来，治理空气污染的斗争取得了一些重大的阶段性胜利，这充分显示了中国政府建设繁荣美丽国家的决心和行动。作动词的宾语，应用名词determination，不可数。故填determination。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：多年来，治理空气污染的斗争取得了一些重大的阶段性胜利，这充分显示了中国政府建设繁荣美丽国家的决心和行动。此处country为泛指，且prosperous是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。 1. 恰当管理时间的意义； 2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 How to Spend Time Properly ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How to Spend Time Properly Time is more precious than any possessions. It is equal to everyone. How you spend that valuable time determines the quality of your life. There are three rules for effective time management. Firstly, don’t try to work full-time and take a full load. Be reasonable about how much work you can do. Secondly, make a list of all the things that you need to get done in a given time. Put the tasks in order of importance and delete any unimportant items. Thirdly, avoid lack of focus. Personal phone calls and emails can easily disturb your workday progress. Let’s make good use of time to make our life colorful and meaningful. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，写一篇发言稿，说明恰当管理时间的意义，就如何恰当管理时间给出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 规则：rule→regulation 任务：task→assignment 删除：delete→remove 利用：make use of→take advantage of 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Time is more precious than any possessions. It is equal to everyone. 拓展句：Time, which is equal to everyone, is more precious than any possessions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】How you spend that valuable time determines the quality of your life.（运用了how引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】Secondly, make a list of all the things that you need to get done in a given time.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Mango Tree—A Friend of All It was a usual cheerful and playful day for Dorothy. The only difference was that her family had shifted to a new apartment. Although she had been in the new house just two days, Dorothy had already started liking her new home very much, not only because of the spacious rooms, but also because of a large mango tree which had lovingly extended its branches across the balcony of her house. The mango tree not only gave a beautiful view but also served as a home for a large number of birds and small animals. Dorothy’s mother was also fond of plants and had kept many potted plants in the balcony. A week passed by. On a Sunday morning, Dorothy was awakened by a loud noise in her neighbourhood. She ran towards the balcony and, to her surprise, found some people chopping (砍) off the beloved mango tree. She ran up to her mother and explained the matter. Dorothy and her mother looked down from the balcony. They saw the women under the guidance of Mr. Denver, cutting the mango tree down. Mr. Denver was the resident of the ground floor apartment. He said angrily, “Look, I am getting this job done under my expense. This tree is blocking my view. I cannot see my car properly because of this annoying tree.” Dorothy and her mother understood that there was no point in having an argument with Mr. Denver. From then on, Dorothy tried all possible ways to take her revenge (报复) against Mr. Denver for cutting her beloved mango tree. She did many tricks such as sticking the gum on his calling bell, pouring sugar in his balcony to attractants, jumping on the floor to create noise, etc. Days passed by. One morning, as Dorothy was helping her mother water the potted plants kept in the balcony, she couldn’t take here eyes away from the fresh green leaves coming from the injured mango tree. Dorothy couldn’t hold her excitement and started jumping with delight. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. After dinner, Dorothy’s father spoke to Mr. Denver about the importance of plants in life, saying that plants and trees near a house increase the market value and are good to health. Mr. Denver listened very carefully and promised not to cut the mango tree any more. Hearing what Mr. Denver said, Dorothy and her parents were very happy. Soon Dorothy’s mother brought a plant from her balcony and handed it to Mr. Denver, saying, “This plant will look beautiful in your balcony.” Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. “Let’s protect the mango tree together. I am sure it will grow well again. And the plant you just gave me will also grow well.” Mr. Denver said. Dorothy stood smiling and looking at all these and admired the peaceful way her parents had chosen to save the mango tree. The mango tree, with love and care from all, once again grew back to its original form soon. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Dorothy一家刚搬到新的公寓里，楼下有一颗大大的芒果树，树枝延伸到了她家的阳台，Dorothy一家很喜欢这颗芒果树。但是因为芒果树的树枝挡住了住在一楼的邻居Denver先生家的视线，所以芒果树被砍掉了。后来这棵树又活了，长出了新的叶子，为了防止再次被砍，Dorothy的爸爸邀请了Denver一家来吃晚饭，借机给Denver先生讲述了植物的重要性，还送给了Denver先生一盆植物。Denver承诺不再砍掉芒果树，在大家的呵护下，芒果树很快长成了原来的样子。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几天后，Dorothy的父母决定邀请Denver先生及其家人共进晚餐。”和第二段首句内容“Denver先生微笑着热情地接受了Dorothy妈妈的礼物。”可知，第一段可描写Dorothy的父亲向Denver讲述植物的重要性，Denver先生决定不再砍芒果树，Dorothy母亲送给Denver先生一盆植物。 ②由第二段首句内容“Denver先生微笑着热情地接受了Dorothy妈妈的礼物。”可知，第二段可描写Denver说大家要一起保护芒果树，很快芒果树长成了原来的样子。 2.续写线索：共进晚餐——讲述植物的重要性——Denver承诺不再砍芒果树——送Denver一盆植物——共同保护芒果树——长成原来的样子 3.词汇激活行为类 ①增加：increase/add ②承诺：promise/make a commitment ③递给：hand/pass 情绪类 ①高兴的：happy/glad ②热情地：warmly/with open arms 【点睛】[高分句型1]After dinner, Dorothy’s father spoke to Mr. Denver about the importance of plants in life, saying that plants and trees near a house increases the market value and are good to health. （由that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]Hearing what Mr. Denver said, Dorothy and her parents were very happy.（由what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3]And the plant you just gave me will also grow well.（省略that/which引导的定语从句） 听力1-5 BACBC 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 AACAB 16-20 CBCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $