寒假作业01 必修一 重点单词词组句型+高考必考题型-【寒假分层作业】2025年高一英语寒假培优练（译林版2020）

必修一 作业01 核心知识巩固+拓展突破 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1． ________ adj． 潜在的，可能的 n. 潜力，可能性 2． ________ adj． 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；高级水平的；老年的；级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员 3． ________ n． & vt． 挑战；质疑 4． ________ n． 时机；机会 5． ________ n. 努力；费力的事；试图 6． ________ n． 资源，资料；谋略 7． ________ adj． 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 8． ________ adj． 自主的；有主见的；自立的 9． ________ n． 焦点；重点 vt. & vi. 集中 10．________ vt．提醒；使想起 11．________ n．建议，提议，动议 12．________ n．技巧，技艺；技能 13．________ adj．职业的；专业的n. 专门人员；专业人士 14．________ n．& vt．交换；交流；兑换 15．________ n．主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持 16．________ adj．艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 17．________ n．& vt．& vi．争论；战斗 18．________ n．青少年 19．________ n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 20．________ vi．& vt．射击；射杀；摄影；(使朝某方向)冲，奔 21．________ vi．& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗 22．________ n．故障；崩溃；(关系)破裂 23．________ vt．使平静；使镇静adj. 镇静的，平静的；沉着的 24．________ n．观点；视线；意见；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看 25．________ adj．正常的；一般的 n. 正常；通常标准；常态 26．________ n．专家；行家 adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的 27．________ adj．独特的，独具的，特有的； 独一无二的 28．________ adj．被动的，消极的 29．________ n．冒险；奇遇，冒险经历 30．________ adj．灵活的；柔韧的 31．________ vi．聚集；集合　vt. 收集；聚集；收拢；搜集 32．________ vi．& vt．自愿做；义务做；主动建议(或告诉) n. 志愿者 33．________ n．数字；人物；身材；体形 34．________ n．响应；反应；回复 35．________ adj．局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的 36．________ n．视野；视力；看见 37．________ n. 行为；举止；态度 38．________ vt．/n．欺骗；欺诈；诡计；花招；戏法 39．________ v．误解；误会 40．________ vt．/n．联系；联络 41．________ adj．宽宏大量的；仁慈的；慷慨的 42．________ v．试图；寻找；争取；寻求 43．________ n．时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻 44．________ adj．出于好心的，善意的 45．________ n．陪伴，作伴；公司 46．________ v．/n．逃脱，躲避；逃跑 47．________ vt. 不做(应做的事情等)；跳过vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 48. ________ vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的 49. ________ linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明，证实 50. ________ n. 日常饮食；节食vi. 节食，进行规定饮食 51. ________ vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 52. ________ n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 53. ________ n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 54. ________ n. 数量 55. ________ n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 56. ________ n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理 57．________ n．内容；目录 【答案】1. potential 2. senior 3. challenge 4. opportunity 5. effort 6. resource 7. individual 8． independent 9． focus 10． remind 11． proposal 12． technique 13. professional 14. exchange 15. host 16．tough 17．battle 18.teenager 19．tension 20.shoot 21．struggle 22．breakdown 23．calm 24．view 25．normal 26．expert 27．unique 28．passive 29．adventure 30．flexible 31．gather 32．volunteer 33．figure 34．response 35．awkward 36．sight 37. behaviour 38. trick 39. misunderstand 40. contact 41．generous 42．seek 43. moment 44. well-meaning 45. company 46. escape 47. skip 48. slim 49．prove 50.diet 51. function 52. memory 53. attack 54. amount 55. schedule 56. treatment 57．content 二、词性转换 1． ________ adj. 积极乐观的；良好的→________ adv. 肯定地；乐观地 2． ________ vt. 获得；得到→________ n. 取得；获得 3． ________ n. 行进，前进；进展，进步vt. &vi. 发展，进步→________ adj. 先进的；高级的 4． ________ adj. 令人大为惊奇的→________ adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 →________ n. 惊异；惊愕 5． ________ n. 信心；信任；把握→________ adj. 自信的；确信的 6． ________ n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性→________ adj. 平衡的 7． ________ vt. & vi. 改善，改进→________ n. 改进，改善；提高 8． ________ adj. 负责，可靠的；有责任→________ n. 责任，职责；义务 9． ________ n. 细节；具体情况→________ adj. 详细的，精细的 10．________ n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→________ vt. 贡献，出力；投稿 11．________ adv．幸运地，幸亏→________ adj. 幸运的 12．________ vt．吸引，使喜爱；引起(反应)；招引→________ n. 吸引，吸引力 13．________ vi. 争论，辩论vt. 辩论，争论，论证；说理→________ n. 论证；论据 14．________ adj．令人焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→________ n. 焦虑；渴望 15．________ n．怒火，愤怒→________ adj. 生气的；愤怒的→________ adv. 生气地；愤怒地 16．________ adj．精神的；智力的；思想的→________ n. 心态；智力→________ adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上 17．________ n．& vt. 希望；渴望→________ adj. 值得拥有的，令人向往的 18．________ adj．频繁的；有规律的→________ adv. 频繁地；有规律地 19．________ n．担心，忧虑；关爱 vt. 影响，牵扯；涉及；使担心→________ adj. 有关的；关心的 20．________ n. 设计；构思；设计图样 vt. 设计；制订→________ n. 设计师；谋划者 21．________ adj. 安全的；无虑的；稳当的；可靠的 →________ n. 安全，安全性；保证 22．________ vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 →________ n. 毕业；毕业典礼 23．________ n．起源；源头；起因→________ adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的 24．________ v．恢复健康；恢复常态→________ n. 恢复 25．________ v．回应，回答；作出反应，响应→________ n. 响应 26．________ n．道歉→________ vi. 道歉，谢罪 27．________ vt．忽视，对……不予理会→________ adj. 无知的 28．________ v. 反映 →________ n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 29．________ v．& n．使受益；益处；优势→________ adj. 有益的 30．________ vt．/n．宽慰，抚慰；舒服；安慰→________ adj. 舒服的 31．________ vt．承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→________ n. 识别；承认 32．________ n．/v．一伙人，一帮人；人群；使拥挤；挤满；聚集；挤，涌→________ adj. 拥挤的 33．________ vt．欣赏；钦佩→________ adj. 令人钦佩的 34．________ n. 关心；忧虑vt. 涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→________ adj. 担心的，关心的→________ prep.关于 35. ________ vt. 使惊吓，使惊恐→________ adj. (事物)令人害怕的→________ adj. (人)感到害怕的 36. ________ vt. & vi. 捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致→________ n. 贡献；捐献；投稿→________ n. 贡献者；捐献者；投稿人 37．________ adj．立即的→________ adv. 立即，马上 38．________ vi．& vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→________ n. 专心，专注 39．________ adj．极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→________ adv. 极其 40．________ n. 效果，作用；影响→________ adj. 有效的→________ v. 影响 41．________ adj. 轻微的→________ adv. 稍微，略微 42．________ n. 精力→________ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 43．________ n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→________ adj. 美丽的 44．________ n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→________ adj. 时尚的 45．________ n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→________ adj. 天才的；有天赋的 【答案】1. positive; positively 2. acquire; acquisition 3. advance; advanced 4. amazing; amazed; amazement 5． confidence ;confident 6. balance; balanced 7. improve; improvement 8. responsible; responsibility 9． detail ;detailed 10. contribution; contribute 11. fortunately; fortunate 12. attract; attraction 13．argue, argument 14．anxious, anxiety 15．anger, anger, angrily 16．mental, mentality, mentally 17．desire, desirable 18．regular, regularly 19．concern, concerned 20．design, designer 21．secure, security 22．graduate, graduation 23．origin, original 24．recover, recovery 25．respond, response 26.apology, apologize 27.ignore, ignorance 28.reflect, reflection 29．benefit, beneficial 30．comfort, comfortable 31.recognize, recognition 32.crowd, crowded 33．admire, admirable 34.concern, concerned, concerning 35．frighten, frightening, frightened 36．contribute, contribution, contributor 37．immediate, immediately 38．concentrate, concentration 39．extreme, extremely 40.effect, effective, affect 41．slight, slightly 42.energy, energetic 43．beauty, beautiful 44．fashion, fashionable 45．talent, talented 三、重点短语 1． ________________ 起作用， 有影响  2． ________________ 充分利用，尽情享受  3． ________________ 利用  4． ________________ 最后但同样重要的  5． ________________ 盼望， 期待  6． ________________ 由于  7． ________________ 坚持；固守，维持  8． ________________ 随着时间流逝，久而久之  9． ________________ (在某事上)与某人看法一致 10．________________ 快速长高；蹿个儿  11．________________ 平静下来；镇定下来  12．________________ 从某人的观点出发  13．________________ 充分考虑, 全盘考虑；想透  14．________________ 承认错误；认输  15．________________ (使)变得高兴；振奋起来  16．________________  缠磨；烦扰 17．________________ 提取；支取  18．________________ 取决于；依赖；依靠  19．________________ 获得成功；准时到达；能够出席  20．________________ 困惑；不知所措  21．________________ 无论如何，不管怎样  22．________________ 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开  23．________________ (关系)陷于困境；濒临崩溃  24．________________ 脱离某人的视线  25．________________ 有错，应承担责任   26．________________ 消除(问题)，克服(困难)  27．________________ 注定要做某事，应做某事  28．________________ 呈现，具有  29．________________ 最大程度地，最大限度地  30．________________ 变苗条，减肥  31．________________ 副作用  32．________________ 摄入，吸收  33．________________ 强身健体   34．________________ 从短期/长期看  35．________________ 此外  36．________________ 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生  37．________________ 防范，防止，提防   38．________________ 打一场无望取胜的仗   39．________________ 达到，符合，不辜负  40．________________ 最终成为，最终处于  41．________________ 为……自豪，为……骄傲  【答案】1. make a difference 2. make the most of 3. take advantage of 4. last but not least 5. look forward to 6． as a result of 7. stick to 8. over time 9. see eye to eye with sb. (on sth..) 10. shoot up 11. calm down 12．from one’s point of view 13．think sth．though 14．back down 15．cheer up 16．be on sb’s back about sth. 17．draw sth．out of sth． 18．depend upon 19．make it 20．at a loss 21．in any case 22．let go of 23．on the rocks 24．out of one’s sight 25．in the wrong 26．smooth out 27．be meant to do sth． 28．take on 29．in full measure 30．slim down 31．side effect 33．take in 33．get into shape 34．in the short/ long term 35．in addition 36．hang over 37．guard against 38．fight a losing battle 39．live up to 40．end up 41．take pride in 四、重点句型 1． v． -ing形式作主语 However, ________________________(用英语学习) was a great challenge for me.   2． it is + adj． +for sb. to do sth. ________________________(对你们来说很重要) to make the most of our school resources.   3． 表语前置倒装 ________________________(同样重要) are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.   4． find +宾语+宾语补足语 I ________________________(发现数学很容易, 也很有趣) because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China.   5． It 作形式主语, 不定式作真正的主语 ________________________(是一件让人头疼的大问题) to balance your developing mental needs too.   6． both． ． ． and． ． ． 引导并列结构 ________________________(你既对独立有新的渴望) and a continued need for your parents’ love and support.   7． It is likely that． ． ． 句式 ________________________(可能) the matter has already been discussed on our forum.   8． There’s no point in doing sth． 句式 ________________________(把你自己和别人比较是没有意义的) all the time.   9． whether． ． ． or． ． ． ________________________(无论我们是走路去学校, 做作业, 还是周末出去玩), we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.   10．see sb． doing A classmate told me she ________________________(看到我的朋友在聊天) with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon.   11．so．．．that．．． ________________________(我如此生气以至于) I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.   12．It’s time to do sth． However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, ________________________(是时候重新考虑) your relationship.   13．have trouble (in) doing sth． She told me she ________________________(很难集中注意力) in class.   14．where引导定语从句 ________________________(在一个往往以瘦为美的社会中), teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.   15．it作形式主语 . . . ________________________(很重要) have a healthy balanced diet. . .   16．the way后接定语从句 Your friends also influence ________________________(你看待自己外貌的方式).   【答案】1. learning in English 2． It is important for you 3． Of equal importance 4． found Maths quite easy and enjoyable 5． It can be a big headache 6． You have both a new desire for independence 7． It is likely that 8． There’s no point in comparing you with others． 9． Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend 10．had seen my friend chatting  11．I was so angry that  12．it’s time to rethink 13．have trouble in concentrating 14．In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful 15．it is important to 16．the way you view your physical appearance 1． I gained so much ________(confident) that I went back to school as a new person． 【答案】confidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：我获得了如此多的信心，以至于变成了一个全新的人回到了学校。分析句子可知，空处应填名词confidence“信心”在句中作宾语，为不可数名词。故填confidence。 2． With the help of the ________(advance) technology, we can finish the work without difficulty． 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：借助先进的技术，我们可以毫无困难地完成这项工作。此处应用形容词advanced作定语，修饰名词technology，表示“先进的”，故填advanced。 3． In that country, many women are fighting for the ________(equal) of job seeking． 【答案】equality 【详解】考查名词。句意：在那个国家，许多妇女正在为争取平等的求职机会而斗争。空处作介词for的宾语，结合空前的the可知，此处应填名词形式，equality“平等”，不可数名词，故填equality。 4． It is a big challenge ________(find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites． 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进步与文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一项巨大的挑战。it be+(a/an)+名词+to do sth.固定句型，意为“做某事是(一件)……的事”，it是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语，故填to find。 5． I will take the ________(responsible) for preparing a meal for the whole family． 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意：我将负责为全家准备一顿饭。根据定冠词the可知，此处应用其名词responsibility(不可数)作宾语。故填responsibility。 6． The committee made a ________(propose) that the government should investigate the reason why so many wild animals disappeared． 【答案】proposal 【详解】考查名词。句意：委员会建议政府调查这么多野生动物消失的原因。空处作made的宾语，结合a可知，空处用名词单数，proposal意思为：建议，符合题意。故填proposal。 7． ________(fortunate), I realized quickly that deciding to go to university meant I had signed up for four years of reading books． 【答案】Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我很快意识到，决定上大学意味着我已经签下了四年读书的合同。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词fortunately“幸运的是”，作状语，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 8． Everybody ________(alarm) at the news that the enemies were near． 【答案】was alarmed 【详解】考查一般过去时，形容词。句意：听到敌人逼近的消息，大家都惊慌了。此处指的是“每个人都惊慌的”；alarmed意为“惊恐的，惊慌的”；be alarmed at表示“对……惊慌”。此处描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时，主语为Everybody，谓语动词用单数。故填was alarmed。 9． When ________(contribute) were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others． 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：当俱乐部之外的天才——女性、不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不被承认，被其他人拒绝。分析句子可知，when引导时间状语从句，空处缺少从句的主语，结合were可知，主语为名词复数contributions。故填contributions。 10．Since I first heard English spoken by a British man, I ________(attract) by the beautiful language． 【答案】have been attracted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从我第一次听到英国人说英语，我就被这种美丽的语言所吸引。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Since I first heard English spoken by a British man可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have been attracted。 11．Unlike some countries who profit from the crisis, China hopes all parties can work together to cool down the ________(tense). 【答案】tension 【详解】考查名词。句意：与一些从危机中获利的国家不同，中国希望各方共同努力，为紧张局势降温。由空前定冠词the可知，此处为名词形式作宾语。故填tension。 12．After the exam, students wait for the result with ________(anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：考试结束后，学生们焦急地等待着结果。介词with后应接名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式为anxiety。故填anxiety。 13．Police ________(shoot) one suspect when he pulled a gun on them. 【答案】shot 【详解】考查动词。句意：当一名嫌疑人用枪指着他们时，警方开枪了。设空处为谓语，根据从句时态可知应用一般过去时，故填shot。 14．I don’t like the shirt ________(spot) with paint. 【答案】spotted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不喜欢那件有花点的衬衫。空处作定语修饰shirt，此处用形容词spotted“有圆点的”作后置定语修饰。故填spotted。 15．Therefore, the teaching should be ________(target) at dealing with these problems. 【答案】targeted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：因此，教学应以解决这些问题为目标。主语teaching和target是被动关系，结合空前的should be可知，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，空处应填过去分词。故填targeted。 16．Bangkok is a highly ________(desire) destination for food lovers. 【答案】desirable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：曼谷是美食爱好者非常向往的目的地。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词desirable“向往的，合意的”，作定语，修饰destination。故填desirable。 17．My mother struggled ________(bring) up my family on a very low income when I was in senior high school. 【答案】to bring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我上高中的时候，我母亲靠微薄的收入努力养家糊口。固定短语struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事，尽力做某事”，空处应用bring的不定式形式作struggle的宾语。故填to bring。 18．In that situation, how did he manage to solve the problem so ________(calm)? 【答案】calmly 【详解】考查副词。句意：在那种情况下，他是如何如此冷静地解决问题的？空处需填副词calmly，作状语修饰动词solve。故填calmly。 19．The person, viewed ________ a hero, in effect is a writer popular with young people. 【答案】as 【详解】考查介词。句意：这个被视为英雄的人，实际上是一个受年轻人欢迎的作家。此处是固定搭配：view as意为“视为”。故填as。 20．A team of researchers carried out a huge experiment ________(concern) 218 cities in 39 countries. 【答案】concerning 【详解】考查介词。句意：一组研究人员开展了一项涉及39个国家218个城市的大型实验。根据句意和所给动词concern可知，空格处应该填入介词concerning“关于；涉及”符合题意。故填concerning。 21.I think we should go back to your ________(origin) plan． 【答案】original 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想我们还是按你原来的计划来吧。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词plan，original“原来的，最初的”，形容词，故填original。 22．The news report was covered by various ________(medium) outlets, including television and newspapers． 【答案】media 【详解】考查可数名词的复数。句意：这则新闻报道被多种媒体渠道所报道，包括电视和报纸。所给词 medium本意为“(传播信息的)媒介”，为可数名词，空处需要用复数形式作定语，media outlet固定搭配，意为“媒体渠道”。故填media。 23．But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a ________(horror) grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe． 【答案】horrible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：但就在我以为我能应付所有中国菜的时候，我发现了臭豆腐，一种可怕的灰色东西，看起来和闻起来都像烧焦的运动鞋。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰things。horrible意为“讨厌的，恐怖的”。故填horrible。 24．The two friends sat in a corner and chatted ________ their new school life． 【答案】about 【详解】考查介词。句意：两个朋友坐在角落里聊着他们的新学校生活。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语chat about，意为“闲聊……”。故填about。 25．The doctor made a judgement that the boy would make a quick ________(recover)． 【答案】recovery 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生断定这男孩很快就会康复。提示词作宾语，用名词recovery，意为“康复”，结合不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填recovery。 26．We sincerely hope you can recover ________(you) quickly． 【答案】yourself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：我们真诚地希望你能尽快康复。宾语从句主语you和宾语you指代同一人，宾语用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 27．Much to my surprise，she refused to respond ________ my question. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：令我吃惊的是，她拒绝回答我的问题。动词短语：respond to“回应，回答”。故填to。 28．The stress of this situation is killing me and I’m ________ a loss what to do next． 【答案】at 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这种情况的压力要了我的命，我不知道下一步该怎么办。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语at a loss意为“不知所措”符合句意。故填at。 29．________(judge) from her clothes, she’s pretty rich and well-educated． 【答案】Judging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从她的衣着判断，她很有钱，而且受过良好的教育。空格处意为“从……判断”，是固定结构judging from，空格处是judging，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Judging。 30. We apologize ________ the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们对延误表示歉意，并对由此造成的不便表示歉意。固定短语apologize for意为“为……道歉”，符合句意。故填for。 31．The children do not know how to behave ________(them) rightly． 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：孩子们不知道如何举止得体。behave oneself是固定短语，意为“举止得体”，因此空格处用反身代词，them的反身代词是themselves，故填themselves。 32．________ that case, you need a way to read in the data files correctly. 【答案】In 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：既然那样，您需要使用一种方法来正确读取数据文件。in that case是固定短语，意为“既然那样”，在句中作状语，符合句意；句首单词首字母大写。故填In。 33．We are ________(ignore) of the degree to which his experiments have supplied forceful evidence for his idea． 【答案】ignorant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们不知道他的实验在多大程度上为他的想法提供了有力的证据。空处应填所给词的形容词作表语，ignorant“不了解的”符合句意，be ignorant of“不知道”。故填ignorant。 34．The editor never talked about his ________(suffer) in the disaster． 【答案】suffering/sufferings 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位编辑从未谈及他在那场灾难中的遭遇。“his”为形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词，“suffer”的名词形式为“suffering”，该词表示“疼痛”含义的时候为不可数名词，使用单数形式；该词表示“痛苦；苦恼”含义的时候，常用复数形式sufferings，故填“suffering(s)”。 35．As the exam is coming, all the students are  ________(extreme) busy preparing for it. 【答案】extremely 【详解】考查副词。句意：随着考试即将来临，所有的学生都忙得不可开交在准备。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，修饰形容词busy作状语。故填extremely。 36. Alice looks much ________(slim) than before . How did she manage to lose weight? 【答案】slimmer 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：爱丽丝看起来比以前苗条多了。她是怎么减肥的？空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据后文的than可知，应用比较级。故填slimmer。 37．Mr Armstrong noticed that one of the representatives ________(skip) out of the hall from the back door．So he stood up． 【答案】skipped 【详解】考查时态。句意：阿姆斯特朗注意到一名代表从后门溜出大厅。于是他站了起来。该空为宾语从句谓语部分，结合主句谓语noticed用一般过去时，skip也用一般过去时。故填skipped。 38．Worried about her sick child, she hurried home ________(immediate) after work． 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：由于担心生病的孩子，她下班后立即赶回家。空处修饰动词“hurried”，应用副词形式，故填immediately。 39. While I was concentrating ________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：当我集中精力拍摄这一令人惊叹的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。concentrate on为固定搭配，意为“集中精力于”。故填on。 40．A team of researchers carried out a huge experiment ________(concern) 218 cities in 39 countries． 【答案】concerning 【详解】考查介词。句意：一组研究人员开展了一项涉及39个国家218个城市的大型实验。根据句意和所给动词concern可知，空格处应该填入介词concerning“关于；涉及”符合题意。故填concerning。 41．Go outdoors and play team games with your friends, which is an ________(effect) way to get rid of anger. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：去户外和你的朋友一起玩团队游戏，这是一个有效的摆脱愤怒的方法。设空处使用effect的形容词effective作定语，修饰名词way，意为“有效的”。故填effective。 42．I had to make important decisions that would ________(effect)me for the rest of my life． 【答案】affect 【详解】考查动词。句意：我必须做出影响我余生的重要决定。作从句的谓语应用动词affect，结合would可知填原形。故填affect。 43．It ________(prove) that a balanced diet is good for health． 【答案】is proved/has been prove 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：结果已经表明平衡饮食有助于健康。此处为句型it be proved that表示“结果表明……”，此处可用一般现在时或现在完成时。故填is proved或者 has been proved。 44．I could tell from his face that he was ________(slight) angry． 【答案】slightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：从他的脸上我可以看出他有点生气。修饰形容词angry应用副词。故填slightly。 45．Nowadays, the mobile phone ________(function) as a mini computer． 【答案】functions　 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，手机的功能就像一台迷你电脑。设空在句中做谓语，结合时间状语Nowadays可知，用一般现在时，主语the mobile phone单数，谓语单数形式，function as (起……作用)，主语为单数，故用functions。 46．To keep________(energy), he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise． 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了保持精力充沛，他每天抽出两个小时锻炼身体。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语，energetic表“精力充沛的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填energetic。 47. I was ________(frighten) my parents would get divorced, and wished that there was something I could do to make them happy again. 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我担心父母会离婚，希望我能做点什么让他们再次快乐起来。本空接在be动词之后，用形容词frightened“害怕的”，作表语。故填frightened。 48. Governments could relieve their financial ________(press). 【答案】pressure 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府可以减轻财政压力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，press的名词为pressure意为“压力”且为不可数名词。故填pressure。 49. Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng made ________(contribute) to the space development of China. 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：费俊龙和聂海生为中国的航天事业做出了贡献。根据动词“made”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；contribution表示“贡献”，为可数名词；动词短语make contributions to表示“对……做出了贡献”，符合句意。故填contributions。 话题佳句--单句写作 1．(建议信)为了让你快速适应这里的学校生活，我写信给你一些建议。(不定式作状语) ________________________________, I am writing to give you some tips. 2．(人际关系)首先，交一些中国朋友对你来说很重要，他们可以在很多方面帮助你。(it is＋adj.＋for sb to do) First of all, ________________________________, who can help you in many ways. 3．(演讲稿)同样重要的是你对生活的积极态度和对自己的信心。(完全倒装句) ________________________________________. 4．(演讲稿)最后但同样重要的是，正如我们都知道的那样，你应该在学习和生活之间保持平衡。(as引导定语从句) Last but not least, ________________, you should keep a balance between your study and life. 5． 我写信向你征求如何与父母相处的建议。(“特殊疑问词＋to do”作宾语) I am writing to ask you for advice on ________________________________. 6． 虽然我知道他们对我期望很高，但我渴望他们理解我。(although引导让步状语从句) ________________________________, I desire them to understand me. 7． 我希望我们能停止这种紧张关系，和睦相处。(虚拟语气) I wish ________________________________ and live in harmony with each other. 8． 我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister ________________________________. 9． 她非常生气，以至于她们彼此发生了激烈的争吵。(so...that) ________________________________ they had a violent quarrel with each other. 10．她不知道是应该先和朋友谈谈还是等着她来道歉。(whether...or) She didn’t know ________________________________. 11．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends, I think ________________________________ before things get worse. 【答案】 1． To make you quickly get used to the school life here 2． it is important for you to make some Chinese friends 3． Of equal importance are your positive attitude to life and confidence in yourself 4． as we all know 5． how to get along/on with my parents 6． Although I know they expect too much from me 7． we could stop this tension 8． asking me how to deal with a tough problem 9． She was so angry that 10．whether she should firstly talk with her friend or wait for her to make an apology 11．it’s time for them to have a talk with each other 答案第10页，共14页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修一 作业01 核心知识巩固+拓展突破 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1. ________ adj. 潜在的，可能的 n. 潜力，可能性 2. ________ adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；高级水平的；老年的；级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员 3. ________ n. & vt. 挑战；质疑 4. ________ n. 时机；机会 5. ________ n. 努力；费力的事；试图 6. ________ n. 资源，资料；谋略 7. ________ adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 8. ________ adj. 自主的；有主见的；自立的 9. ________ n. 焦点；重点 vt. & vi. 集中 10. ________ vt. 提醒；使想起 11. ________ n. 建议，提议，动议 12. ________ n. 技巧，技艺；技能 13. ________ adj. 职业的；专业的n. 专门人员；专业人士 14. ________ n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换 15. ________ n. 主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持 16. ________ adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 17. ________ n. & vt. & vi. 争论；战斗 18. ________ n. 青少年 19. ________ n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 20. ________ vi. & vt. 射击；射杀；摄影；(使朝某方向)冲，奔 21. ________ vi. & n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 22. ________ n. 故障；崩溃；(关系)破裂 23. ________ vt. 使平静；使镇静adj. 镇静的，平静的；沉着的 24. ________ n. 观点；视线；意见；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看 25. ________ adj. 正常的；一般的 n. 正常；通常标准；常态 26. ________ n. 专家；行家 adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的 27. ________ adj. 独特的，独具的，特有的； 独一无二的 28. ________ adj. 被动的，消极的 29. ________ n. 冒险；奇遇，冒险经历 30. ________ adj. 灵活的；柔韧的 31. ________ vi. 聚集；集合　vt. 收集；聚集；收拢；搜集 32. ________ vi. & vt. 自愿做；义务做；主动建议(或告诉) n. 志愿者 33. ________ n. 数字；人物；身材；体形 34. ________ n. 响应；反应；回复 35. ________ adj. 局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的 36. ________ n. 视野；视力；看见 37. ________ n. 行为；举止；态度 38. ________ vt. /n. 欺骗；欺诈；诡计；花招；戏法 39. ________ v. 误解；误会 40. ________ vt. /n. 联系；联络 41. ________ adj. 宽宏大量的；仁慈的；慷慨的 42. ________ v. 试图；寻找；争取；寻求 43. ________ n. 时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻 44. ________ adj. 出于好心的，善意的 45. ________ n. 陪伴，作伴；公司 46. ________ v. /n. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑 47. ________ vt. 不做(应做的事情等)；跳过vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 48. ________ vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的 49. ________ linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明，证实 50. ________ n. 日常饮食；节食vi. 节食，进行规定饮食 51. ________ vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 52. ________ n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 53. ________ n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 54. ________ n. 数量 55. ________ n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 56. ________ n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理 57. ________ n. 内容；目录 二、词性转换 1. ________ adj. 积极乐观的；良好的→________ adv. 肯定地；乐观地 2. ________ vt. 获得；得到→________ n. 取得；获得 3. ________ n. 行进，前进；进展，进步vt. &vi. 发展，进步→________ adj. 先进的；高级的 4. ________ adj. 令人大为惊奇的→________ adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 →________ n. 惊异；惊愕 5. ________ n. 信心；信任；把握→________ adj. 自信的；确信的 6. ________ n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性→________ adj. 平衡的 7. ________ vt. & vi. 改善，改进→________ n. 改进，改善；提高 8. ________ adj. 负责，可靠的；有责任→________ n. 责任，职责；义务 9. ________ n. 细节；具体情况→________ adj. 详细的，精细的 10. ________ n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→________ vt. 贡献，出力；投稿 11. ________ adv. 幸运地，幸亏→________ adj. 幸运的 12. ________ vt. 吸引，使喜爱；引起(反应)；招引→________ n. 吸引，吸引力 13. ________ vi. 争论，辩论vt. 辩论，争论，论证；说理→________ n. 论证；论据 14. ________ adj. 令人焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→________ n. 焦虑；渴望 15. ________ n. 怒火，愤怒→________ adj. 生气的；愤怒的→________ adv. 生气地；愤怒地 16. ________ adj. 精神的；智力的；思想的→________ n. 心态；智力→________ adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上 17. ________ n. & vt. 希望；渴望→________ adj. 值得拥有的，令人向往的 18. ________ adj. 频繁的；有规律的→________ adv. 频繁地；有规律地 19. ________ n. 担心，忧虑；关爱 vt. 影响，牵扯；涉及；使担心→________ adj. 有关的；关心的 20. ________ n. 设计；构思；设计图样 vt. 设计；制订→________ n. 设计师；谋划者 21. ________ adj. 安全的；无虑的；稳当的；可靠的 →________ n. 安全，安全性；保证 22. ________ vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 →________ n. 毕业；毕业典礼 23. ________ n. 起源；源头；起因→________ adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的 24. ________ v. 恢复健康；恢复常态→________ n. 恢复 25. ________ v. 回应，回答；作出反应，响应→________ n. 响应 26. ________ n. 道歉→________ vi. 道歉，谢罪 27. ________ vt. 忽视，对……不予理会→________ adj. 无知的 28. ________ v. 反映 →________ n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 29. ________ v. & n. 使受益；益处；优势→________ adj. 有益的 30. ________ vt. /n. 宽慰，抚慰；舒服；安慰→________ adj. 舒服的 31. ________ vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→________ n. 识别；承认 32. ________ n. /v. 一伙人，一帮人；人群；使拥挤；挤满；聚集；挤，涌→________ adj. 拥挤的 33. ________ vt. 欣赏；钦佩→________ adj. 令人钦佩的 34. ________ n. 关心；忧虑vt. 涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→________ adj. 担心的，关心的→________ prep.关于 35. ________ vt. 使惊吓，使惊恐→________ adj. (事物)令人害怕的→________ adj. (人)感到害怕的 36. ________ vt. & vi. 捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致→________ n. 贡献；捐献；投稿→________ n. 贡献者；捐献者；投稿人 37. ________ adj. 立即的→________ adv. 立即，马上 38. ________ vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→________ n. 专心，专注 39. ________ adj. 极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→________ adv. 极其 40. ________ n. 效果，作用；影响→________ adj. 有效的→________ v. 影响 41. ________ adj. 轻微的→________ adv. 稍微，略微 42. ________ n. 精力→________ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 43. ________ n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→________ adj. 美丽的 44. ________ n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→________ adj. 时尚的 45. ________ n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→________ adj. 天才的；有天赋的 三、重点短语 1. ________________ 起作用， 有影响  2. ________________ 充分利用，尽情享受  3. ________________ 利用  4. ________________ 最后但同样重要的  5. ________________ 盼望， 期待  6. ________________ 由于  7. ________________ 坚持；固守，维持  8. ________________ 随着时间流逝，久而久之  9. ________________ (在某事上)与某人看法一致 10. ________________ 快速长高；蹿个儿  11. ________________ 平静下来；镇定下来  12. ________________ 从某人的观点出发  13. ________________ 充分考虑, 全盘考虑；想透  14. ________________ 承认错误；认输  15. ________________ (使)变得高兴；振奋起来  16. ________________  缠磨；烦扰 17. ________________ 提取；支取  18. ________________ 取决于；依赖；依靠  19. ________________ 获得成功；准时到达；能够出席  20. ________________ 困惑；不知所措  21. ________________ 无论如何，不管怎样  22. ________________ 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开  23. ________________ (关系)陷于困境；濒临崩溃  24. ________________ 脱离某人的视线  25. ________________ 有错，应承担责任   26. ________________ 消除(问题)，克服(困难)  27. ________________ 注定要做某事，应做某事  28. ________________ 呈现，具有  29. ________________ 最大程度地，最大限度地  30. ________________ 变苗条，减肥  31. ________________ 副作用  32. ________________ 摄入，吸收  33. ________________ 强身健体   34. ________________ 从短期/长期看  35. ________________ 此外  36. ________________ 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生  37. ________________ 防范，防止，提防   38. ________________ 打一场无望取胜的仗   39. ________________ 达到，符合，不辜负  40. ________________ 最终成为，最终处于  41. ________________ 为……自豪，为……骄傲  四、重点句型 1. v. -ing形式作主语 However, ________________________(用英语学习) was a great challenge for me.   2. it is + adj. +for sb. to do sth. ________________________(对你们来说很重要) to make the most of our school resources.   3. 表语前置倒装 ________________________(同样重要) are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.   4. find +宾语+宾语补足语 I ________________________(发现数学很容易, 也很有趣) because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China.   5. It 作形式主语, 不定式作真正的主语 ________________________(是一件让人头疼的大问题) to balance your developing mental needs too.   6. both. . . and. . . 引导并列结构 ________________________(你既对独立有新的渴望) and a continued need for your parents’ love and support.   7. It is likely that. . . 句式 ________________________(可能) the matter has already been discussed on our forum.   8. There’s no point in doing sth. 句式 ________________________(把你自己和别人比较是没有意义的) all the time.   9. whether. . . or. . . ________________________(无论我们是走路去学校, 做作业, 还是周末出去玩), we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.   10. see sb. doing A classmate told me she ________________________(看到我的朋友在聊天) with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon.   11. so. . . that. . . ________________________(我如此生气以至于) I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.   12. It’s time to do sth. However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, ________________________(是时候重新考虑) your relationship.   13. have trouble (in) doing sth. She told me she ________________________(很难集中注意力) in class.   14. where引导定语从句 ________________________(在一个往往以瘦为美的社会中), teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.   15. it作形式主语 . . . ________________________(很重要) have a healthy balanced diet. . .   16. the way后接定语从句 Your friends also influence ________________________(你看待自己外貌的方式).   1. I gained so much ________(confident) that I went back to school as a new person. 2. With the help of the ________(advance) technology, we can finish the work without difficulty. 3. In that country, many women are fighting for the ________(equal) of job seeking. 4. It is a big challenge ________(find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. 5. I will take the ________(responsible) for preparing a meal for the whole family. 6. The committee made a ________(propose) that the government should investigate the reason why so many wild animals disappeared. 7. ________(fortunate), I realized quickly that deciding to go to university meant I had signed up for four years of reading books. 8. Everybody ________(alarm) at the news that the enemies were near. 9. When ________(contribute) were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. 10. Since I first heard English spoken by a British man, I ________(attract) by the beautiful language. 11. Unlike some countries who profit from the crisis, China hopes all parties can work together to cool down the ________(tense). 12. After the exam, students wait for the result with ________(anxious). 13. Police ________(shoot) one suspect when he pulled a gun on them. 14. I don’t like the shirt ________(spot) with paint. 15. Therefore, the teaching should be ________(target) at dealing with these problems. 16. Bangkok is a highly ________(desire) destination for food lovers. 17. My mother struggled ________(bring) up my family on a very low income when I was in senior high school. 18. In that situation, how did he manage to solve the problem so ________(calm)? 19. The person, viewed ________ a hero, in effect is a writer popular with young people. 20. A team of researchers carried out a huge experiment ________(concern) 218 cities in 39 countries. 21.I think we should go back to your ________(origin) plan. 22. The news report was covered by various ________(medium) outlets, including television and newspapers. 23. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a ________(horror) grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. 24. The two friends sat in a corner and chatted ________ their new school life. 25. The doctor made a judgement that the boy would make a quick ________(recover). 26. We sincerely hope you can recover ________(you) quickly. 27. Much to my surprise，she refused to respond ________ my question. 28. The stress of this situation is killing me and I’m ________ a loss what to do next. 29. ________(judge) from her clothes, she’s pretty rich and well-educated. 30. We apologize ________ the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. 31. The children do not know how to behave ________(them) rightly. 32. ________ that case, you need a way to read in the data files correctly. 33. We are ________(ignore) of the degree to which his experiments have supplied forceful evidence for his idea. 34. The editor never talked about his ________(suffer) in the disaster. 35. As the exam is coming, all the students are  ________(extreme) busy preparing for it. 36. Alice looks much ________(slim) than before . How did she manage to lose weight? 37. Mr Armstrong noticed that one of the representatives ________(skip) out of the hall from the back door. So he stood up. 38. Worried about her sick child, she hurried home ________(immediate) after work. 39. While I was concentrating ________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. 40. A team of researchers carried out a huge experiment ________(concern) 218 cities in 39 countries. 41. Go outdoors and play team games with your friends, which is an ________(effect) way to get rid of anger. 42. I had to make important decisions that would ________(effect)me for the rest of my life. 43. It ________(prove) that a balanced diet is good for health. 44. I could tell from his face that he was ________(slight) angry. 45. Nowadays, the mobile phone ________(function) as a mini computer. 46. To keep________(energy), he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. 47. I was ________(frighten) my parents would get divorced, and wished that there was something I could do to make them happy again. 48. Governments could relieve their financial ________(press). 49. Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng made ________(contribute) to the space development of China. 话题佳句--单句写作 1.(建议信)为了让你快速适应这里的学校生活，我写信给你一些建议。(不定式作状语) ________________________________, I am writing to give you some tips. 2.(人际关系)首先，交一些中国朋友对你来说很重要，他们可以在很多方面帮助你。(it is＋adj.＋for sb to do) First of all, ________________________________, who can help you in many ways. 3.(演讲稿)同样重要的是你对生活的积极态度和对自己的信心。(完全倒装句) ________________________________________. 4.(演讲稿)最后但同样重要的是，正如我们都知道的那样，你应该在学习和生活之间保持平衡。(as引导定语从句) Last but not least, ________________, you should keep a balance between your study and life. 5. 我写信向你征求如何与父母相处的建议。(“特殊疑问词＋to do”作宾语) I am writing to ask you for advice on ________________________________. 6. 虽然我知道他们对我期望很高，但我渴望他们理解我。(although引导让步状语从句) ________________________________, I desire them to understand me. 7. 我希望我们能停止这种紧张关系，和睦相处。(虚拟语气) I wish ________________________________ and live in harmony with each other. 8. 我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister ________________________________. 9. 她非常生气，以至于她们彼此发生了激烈的争吵。(so...that) ________________________________ they had a violent quarrel with each other. 10. 她不知道是应该先和朋友谈谈还是等着她来道歉。(whether...or) She didn’t know ________________________________. 11. 既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends, I think ________________________________ before things get worse. 答案第8页，共8页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$