Unit 1 Science and scientists Reading for Writing 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Reading for Writing： write about what makes a great scientist aerospace patriotic mechanical mechanic break out aviation defend jet assistant in charge of n. 航空航天工业 adj. 爱国的 adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 n. 机械师；机械修理工 （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 n. 喷气式飞机 n. 助理；助手 主管；掌管 Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately. missile leadership trace outstanding gifted come down abstract n. 导弹 n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 vt. 追溯；追踪；查出 n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 患（病）；染上（小病） adj. 抽象的；理性的 n. （文献等的）摘要 steady concept astronomer astronomy telescope besides brilliant n. 概念；观念 n. 天文学家 n. 天文学 n. 望远镜 prep. 除……之外（还） adv. 而且；此外 adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 furthermore above all fault shift adv. 此外；再者 最重要的是；尤其是 n. 弱点；过错 n. 改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt. 转移；挪动；转向 U N I T 1 a person who studies one or more of the NATURAL SCIENCES (=for example, physics, chemistry and biology) Do you know who they are? Qian Xuesen Stephen Hawking What do you know about them? made important contributions to the missile and space programs of both People's Republic of China and the United States Qian Xuesen (1911-2009) Chinese scientist “the Father of China's Aerospace” “the Father of China's Rocketry” He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but, from time to time, throw out matter as well. put forward a theory about black holes worked in astronomy and studied black holes in space Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) British scientist Now let's read two texts to learn more about them! 1. Qian changed his major because of a shift in personal interest. 2. In Qian's opinion, art has a positive impact on a scientist's development. 3. When Hawking was young, almost everyone believed that the universe began with a big bang. 4. Because Hawking was determined, he was able to succeed even though he was ill. Read the texts and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). T F T F T F T F     P7 1 Answer the questions below using the information from the texts. 1. Why was Qian called “the father of China’s aerospace”? 2. How was Hawking’s own theory proven correct? Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets was based on his research. Astronomers used their telescopes to prove his work on the big bang theory. P9 2 Study the language and structure. 1. Underline the linking words and phrases in the passages, and describe their function. 表示转折 表示时间 表示时间 表示转折 表示原因 表示转折 P9 3 表示强调 表示时间 表示转折 表示总结 表示结果 表示承接 表示承接 2. What is the function of each paragraph in the passages? Para. 1: Introduction Paras. 2-5: His personal history and accomplishments Para. 6: His personality Para. 7: His death and people’s appreciation of him P9 3 Reading Comprehension 1.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Being careful is the key to success. B.A great scientist is a man who works hard. C.A great scientist should be hard-working， determined and full of love. D.As long as a person is intelligent and brilliant，he will make a great scientist. C 2.Why did Qian Xuesen change his major to aviation？Because . A.he was not interested in his former major B.he could get a well paid job in the future C.he felt it his duty to help his homeland D.the country asked him to do so C 3.What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the passage? A.His strong interest in art like music and drawing. B.His research in the United States. C.His friends’ encouragement. D.His habit of reading a lot. A 4.How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States? A. About 15 years. B. About 20 years. C. About 25 years. D. About 30 years. B 5.How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct? A. Fred Hoyle admitted the mistake himself. B. He worked with others to prove it true. C. He pointed out and corrected Fred Hoyle’s mistake in the maths. D. Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in physics at the moment. C Para. 1: Introduction Para. 2: His claim to fame Para. 3: Characteristics that made him great 3. Find words that describe the personalities of the scientists. In the case of Qian Xuesen, we see his determination illustrated by his struggles and how he overcome challenges. His story also shows he was patriotic and devoted to his career. In the case of Stephen Hawking, we also see his determination in the face of difficulty through the stories told about him. We also see his audacity(胆识). P9 3 How do the stories about the scientists help illustrate these personalities? Write an essay about the scientific spirit. 1. In groups, discuss some stories about great scientists. Newton and the apple Watson dreaming of the structure of the DNA Fleming’s accidental discovery of penicillin… P9 4 2. Using the stories as a basis, discuss the following questions: · Apart from being clever, what are the most important personal qualities a scientist must have to be successful? · How do these stories illustrate the scientific spirit? 3. Now work by yourself to write an essay about the scientific spirit. A scientist must be luck, to an extent, but a part of that luck is noticing what others might gloss over. For example, Fleming noticed that something was odd about a sample in a Petri dish, and he did not throw it away. The intuitive and creative power of a great scientist also needs to be taken into account, as illustrated by Watson’s dream which showed him the structure of the DNA. Possible answer: P9 4 杰出人物介绍 基本内容： 1. age, sex, birth-place, background (概况) 2. appearance, character (外表、性格) 3. education (教育背景) 4. big events in his or her life (in order of time) (经历、生平) 5. evaluation (评价) 1. 介绍概况：同位语结构、分词结构，使文章简洁。如： (1)Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family (一个贫苦家庭的儿子), was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. [同位语] (2)Sun Showier, a world champion in diving (一位跳水的世界冠军), is a boy of 14 from Guangdong. [同位语] (3)Born in Maryland, USA in 1985(他1985年出生于美国马里兰州), Michael Phelps is a famous swimmer.[分语短语] (4)In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal (在他打破世界纪录并获得金牌之后), he became the idol of the youth.[分词短语] （5）Lei Feng set an good example to us (给我们树立了一个良好的榜样), so all the people show great respect to him (很敬重他). （尽量运用高级短语） 描写外貌：巧用with短语。如： My history teacher is a beautiful woman, with long hair and big eyes (她长着两只大眼睛，留着长发). 生平事迹：尽量用复合句、并列句、非谓语动词短语和倒装等高级语句。如： (1)In his life, he got many honours, one of which is the 2005 CCTV Moving China Award (其中包括获得“2005感动中国年度人物”的称号). [定语从句] 【写作要求】 请你根据下面的提示，用英语对钟南山作简单介绍。 1.钟南山是21世纪中国最著名的医学家之一。 2.1936年10月出生于南京；1960年毕业于北京医学院；2003年春，钟南山在抗击“非典”中做出了巨大贡献；2020年初钟南山再一次投身到新型冠状病毒的抗疫前线。 3.他是一位受国人尊敬的好医生。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【审题谋篇】 体裁 记叙文 人称 第三人称 时态 一般现在时，一般过去时 话题 介绍钟南山 框架 第一段:指明介绍的人物; 第二段:详细介绍人物; 第三段:首尾呼应。 1.词汇 ①决定 　　 　　　  ②医学家 　　 　　　  ③毕业于 　　　 　 　  ④担任 　　 　　　  ⑤取得成就 　　　　 　  make achievements 【遣词造句】 determine　 medical scientist　 graduate from　 work as　 2.(1)要点翻译 ①钟南山是21世纪中国最著名的医学家之一。 Zhong Nanshan is _____ _____ _______ _________ ___________ _________ ____________in the 21st century in China.  ②他1960年于北京医学院毕业后就在那里任教。 He worked as a teacher there _______ _____________ ________ Beijing Medical College in 1960.  ③尽管很危险，钟南山还是决定再一次参加抗疫斗争。 __________ ____ ______ _____________,Zhong Nanshan was determined to take part in the battle again.  one of the most famous medical scientists　 after graduating from　 Although it was dangerous　 句式 (2)句式升级 ④用as引导的定语从句改写句①。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ⑤用现在分词作状语改写句②。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ⑥用倒装句改写句③。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dangerous as it was, Zhong Nanshan was determined to take part in the battle again. As we all know, Zhong Nanshan is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century in China.　 Having graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960, he worked as a teacher there.　 As we all know, Zhong Nanshan is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century in China. He was born in October 1936 in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Having graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960, he worked as a teacher there. In the spring of 2003, Zhong Nanshan led his team to fight against SARS. After they had worked hard for several months, they made outstanding achievements in the battle at last. In the early of 2020, COVID-19 broke out. Dangerous as it was, Zhong Nanshan was determined to take part in the battle again. He worked with his team day and night treating the patients. Finally, it was their hard work that made the epidemic situation under control in China. Zhong Nanshan is a good doctor with the spirit of dedication. So he is respected by all the people in China. 你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，介绍我国著名的科学家。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。 钱学森简介 人物身份 杰出科学家和我国航天事业的先驱。 生平活动 * 1911年12月11日出生于浙江杭州一个富裕之家，少时天资聪颖，被称为“神童”。 * 1934年毕业于上海交通大学，其后前往美国深造并获得航空学博士学位。 * 1955年回国，毕生从事航天科技事业，参与火箭和导弹的开发研制，开启中国航天时代。 * 2009年11月，于北京逝世。 成就/评价 成就斐然，被誉为“中国航天之父”和“火箭大王” 参考词汇：航空学 the science of Astronomy, 航天科技事业 AnA industry, (Astronomy and Aircraft), “神童” a super-talented boy 题目：A Brief Introduction of Qian Xuesen Born into a wealthy family on December 11th, 19111, Zhejiang Province, Qian Xuesen was so clever that he was regarded as a “super talented” boy in his childhood. Having graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, he went to America for his further study and gained his doctor’s degree in the Science of Astronomy. Since he returned to China, he has devoted all his life to China’s AnA industry, taking part in the design and research of rockets and missiles as well as opening a new era of China’s Astronomy industry. It’s for his outstanding achievements that Qian Xuesen is honored as the “Father of China’s Astronomy” and the “King of Rockets”. Qian Xuesen, a pioneer of China’s Astronomy industry, passed away in November, 2009 in Beijing. 假定你是李华，你班英语角科学家专栏要张贴有关女性科学家的文章，请你撰写一篇有关居里夫人的文章，投稿到英语角。主要内容包括： ①居里夫人：1867年生于波兰。 ②与教授 Pierre Curie 结婚，发现钋和镭；1903年共同获得诺贝尔物理学奖。 ③1911年单独获得诺贝尔化学奖；第一位两次获诺贝尔奖的科学家。 参考词汇：钋 polonium 镭radium 注意：①词数80左右； ②可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。 41 参考范文 Marie Curie-a great scientist As an outstanding scientist, Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867. From her childhood, she, as a gifted girl, hoped to become a scientist. In 1895 she married Professor Pierre Curie. They researched together into radioactive matters and discovered pure polonium and radium. It was because of their remarkable findings that they won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1903. After her husband died, she wasn't frustrated and continued her research. She received a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911. So she became the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes and due to her substantial contribution, she was acknowledged as one of the greatest women scientists in the world.   42 1. Finish the exercises in Learning English. 2. Finish the exercises on page 10. 3. Think about the question “Why is it important to explore?”. $$