精品解析：贵州省贵阳市白云兴农中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考试英语试题

启用前★注意保密 兴农中学2024-2025学年度第一学期10月份段考试题 高三英语 时长：120分钟 满分：150分 2024. 10 温馨提示： 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和座号写在答题卷上，将条形码贴到指定位置，正确填涂答案。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man check in? A. On Oct. 3rd. B. On Oct. 5th. C. On Oct. 7th. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and customer. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Making living plans. B. Taking breaks on weekends. C. Eating at home or eating out. 4. How does the man feel? A. Thrilled. B. Upset. C. Bored. 5. Where did the woman learn French? A. In France. B. In China. C. In Canada. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is Jessie's dream major? A. Computer Science. B. Chinese Literature. C. Information Engineering. 7. Which institute did Kevin join? A. The speech club. B. The computer center. C. The coding workshop. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the woman like the soap? A. It functions well. B. It smells fragrant. C. It is of famous brand. 9. How did the woman get her first perfume? A. The man gave her as a reward. B. She bought one when shopping. C. Her mother sent her as a birthday gift. 10 What might the man be? A. A lawyer. B. A soap seller. C. A perfume collector. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What's the problem between the man and his roommate? A. They seldom talk to each other. B. They have quarrels frequently. C. They always fight against each other. 12. What is the man's roommate like? A. Lazy and dirty. B. Neat and tidy. C. Friendly and easy-going. 13. What does the woman advise the man doing? A. Moving to a new flat. B. Changing a new roommate. C. Having a serious talk with his roommate. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is wrong with the man? A. He feels exhausted. B. He broke his knees. C. He couldn't fall asleep. 15. Why does the man always wake up at dawn? A. He has high blood pressure. B. He suffers great study stress. C. He has too much economic burden. 16. What will the man do with his problem? A. Go to bed early. B. Stay in hospital. C. Take some exercise. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What will the mid-term test include? A. Reading and writing. B. Reading and speaking. C. Listening and translating. 18 What can we know about the mid-term test? A. It will be checked by ourselves. B. It will be easier than before. C. It will be held next week. 19. What will be helpful for the mid-term test? A. Homework. B. Class notes. C. Mock exam papers. 20. How much will the homework account for in the course? A. 20%. B. 25%. C. 30%. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals. TYPES OF BURNS Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ● First- degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. ● Second- degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. ● Third- degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. FIRST-AID TREATMENT 1. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6. If the victim is suffering from second or third- degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/ her to the hospital at once. 1. What is an example of a first- degree burn mentioned in the text? A. A slight kitchen burn. B. A burn from very hot water. C. A severe burn from a petrol fire. D. A deep tissue damage from steam. 2. Why shouldn't oil be applied to burn? A It is a poor conductor of heat. B. It can worsen the burn by trapping heat. C. It will increase pain and cause immediate scarring. D. It may lead to infection by creating a wet environment. 3. Where would you expect to find the information above? A. A financial newsletter. B. A beauty and skincare guide. C. A home improvement magazine. D. A first- aid book. B An international team of researchers led by the University of Bristol has cast light on Earth’s earliest ecosystem，showing that within a few hundred million years of planetary formation, life on Earth was already booming (繁荣的). Everything alive today originates from a common ancestor known as LUCA(Last Universal Common Ancestor). LUCA is the assumptive common ancestor from which all modern cellular life，from single-celled organisms like bacteria to the huge redwood trees as well as us humans originates. LUCA stands for the source of the tree of life before it splits into the groups recognized today：Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The team compared all the genes (基因) in the genomes of living species, counting the variations that have occurred within their orders over time since they shared an ancestor in LUCA. The time of separation of some species is known from the fossil (化石) record and so the team used a genetic equivalent of the familiar equation used to calculate speed in physics to work out when LUCA existed, arriving at the answer of 4.2 billion years ago, about four hundred million years after the formation of Earth and our solar system. Next，the team worked out the biology of LUCA by modelling the physiological characteristics of living species back through the genealogy (宗谱) of life to LUCA. Lead author, Dr Edmund Moody explained, “The evolutionary history of genes is complicated by their exchange between lineages (细胞系). We have to use complex evolutionary models to harmonize the evolutionary history of genes with the genealogy of species.” Co-author Professor Philip Donoghue said, “Our work reveals insights into early Earth and life that could not be achieved by any one subject alone. It also demonstrates just how quickly an ecosystem was established on early Earth. This suggests that life may be booming on Earth-like biospheres elsewhere in the universe.” 4. What can be learned about LUCA from the text? A. It represents the root of the tree of life. B. It is only the ancestor of redwood trees. C. It was divided into two groups. D. It didn’t change much over time. 5. When did LUCA exist according to the text? A. About 4.6 billion years ago. B. About 3.8 billion years ago. C. About 4.2 billion years ago. D. About 400 million years ago. 6. What can we conclude from the text? A. LUCA was the only form of life on Earth then. B. LUCA was probably a very complex organism. C. The study of LUCA is the final step in exploring the universe. D. The formation of Earth was closely related to that of other planets. 7. What did Philip Donoghue say about their study? A. It was time-consuming. B. It was disappointing. C. It was labor-saving. D. It was meaningful. C More than 30, 000 people worldwide are found to have brain tumors (肿瘤) each year. While treatment has improved over the last few decades, recurrence (复发) remains a risk. And the unpredictable timing of tumors returning makes them difficult to detect early. Luckily, scientists are developing the world's first finger-prick (扎) test to spot brain tumors to pick up sign of return. The work is being led by a team at Nottingham Trent University, funded by the Medical Research Council. The scientists believe that the simple finger-prick test would improve the lives of tens of thousands of people around the world. It could also significantly lessen the burden on health care systems by reducing the need for MRI scans and by providing a cost-effective alternative to some clinic appointments. “Patients often have follow-up MRI scans every three to six months, but a quick test to detect brain cancer could make it possible to efficiently test recurrence every week, so that more recurrent tumors are caught early at a more treatable stage, ” says Dr Ola Rominiyi, one of the lead scientists. “Additionally, the tests could actually help guide the best time to perform MRI scans for each individual patient. Over time, this might lead to a more personalized approach to MRI scanning and some patients needing to have MRI scans slightly less frequently. ” Moving forward, the research team plans to seek the next stage of funding and start the trial stage in2025. Therefore, scientists believe that the earliest the test could become commercially available - considering regulatory approvals, etc.- would be 2026 or 2027. “It's hard to imagine a medical technology so widely understood and used. This tech would provide regular and affordable treatment for patients at home in an easy-to-use way. We hope the work could be applied to other types of cancer, too, potentially helping to save millions of lives, ” says Wilson, another scientist of the team. 8. What problem does the finger-prick test try to solve about brain tumors? A. Their too quick growth. B. The growing confirmed cases. C. Their high death rate. D. The uncertain return. 9. What can be inferred about the finger-prick test? A. It has received enough financial support. B. It has been approved by the government. C. It may take time before going to the market. D. It may meet different technology challenges. 10. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The difference between MRI and the test. B. The advantages of the finger-prick test. C. The research team's expectation of the test. D. The guide to using the finger-prick test. 11. What will the researchers' future study most probably focus on? A. New treatments for brain tumors. B. More clinic trials about the test. C. Cost reduction about the test. D. The test’s application to other cancers. D From the earliest age, children are taught that the word “please” holds special power in communication. It’s presented as a key to unlocking favors and transforming demands into polite requests. However, recent research challenges this conventional wisdom, suggesting that “please” might not always carry the weight of universal politeness, but rather serves as a strategic tool to navigate (操纵) social dynamics. A study published in Social Psychology Quarterly by a team of sociologists from UCLA explores the slight differences of how people make requests. Contrary to common assumptions, the study reveals that “please” is used far less frequently than expected. Its usage is particularly pronounced in situations where a negative response is anticipated. Whether it’s passing butter at the dinner table or asking for a ride to the airport, individuals tend to employ “please” when they perceive unwillingness or busyness on the part of the other person. Rather than being a blanket expression of politeness, it functions more as a strategy to overcome resistance or obstacles in interpersonal interactions. The findings suggest a need to move away from rigid, one-size-fits-all rules of etiquette (礼节) and towards a more different understanding of situation al dynamics. Lead researcher Andrew Chalfoun suggests understanding each situation rather than following strict rules of politeness. Chalfoun warns that using “please” too much can seem pushy or insincere in some situations. The study analyzed over a thousand requests and found “please” was only used in 7% of cases, mainly when people expected resistance or when the person asked was busy. Moreover, the study reveals that children employ “please” in much the same way as adults often using it strategically when met with previous refusals. This highlights the role of learned social norms in shaping linguistic behavior from a young age. The researchers hope that their insights into the practical use of politeness will inform future studies on social behavior. By uncovering the small differences of everyday interactions, they aim to develop more accurate models of human communication and behavior. 12. In which situation is it most likely to use “please” according to the research? A. Telling visitors to follow the safety guidelines. B. Telling a student to submit his report on time. C. Borrowing a book from your best friend. D. Asking for assistance from a busy colleague. 13. What is a negative effect of overusing “please”? A. It can come across as forced or dishonest. B. It can make requests seem less important. C. It can be perceived as overly casual. D. It can lead to misunderstandings. 14. What do the researchers hope to achieve with their findings? A. To remove the use of “please” in communication. B. To enhance the understanding of human behavior. C. To prove that politeness is unnecessary in some cases. D. To demonstrate that children are more polite than adults. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. The universal importance of saying “please”. B. The decline of politeness in modern society. C. The strategic use of “please” in social interactions. D. The history of polite expressions in different cultures. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. ____16____ This has something to do with our brain activities. When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. ____17____ As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it. Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. ____18____ The answer is triggers (诱因). The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. ____19____ For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. Procrastination (拖延) is one of the habitual responses to stress: when faced with a difficult task, some people simply start doing something else to avoid it. Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. ____20____ Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. A. But how are they developed? B. Habits are not developed in a day or two. C. Triggers play a very important part in our life. D. What drives us to perform habitual actions, then? E. There are thousands of such triggers in our lives. F. The brain enjoys a reward when the task is completed. G. But once we know the triggers, we can try to make a change. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s been 13 years since Amayi last saw her digital camera she was using at a tubing (漂流) trip. The camera had a number of photos from recent ____21____, including the wedding of her best friend. “I slid out of my tube (皮划艇) due to the ____22____,” she said. “When I regained my tube and got to shore, I realized the small string that ____23____ my camera to my neck had broken. I returned to the white water section ____24____ to see it but in vain.” The camera, which had ____25____ her in so many places, was gone. She said she cried ____26____ after realizing it was in the river and there was little hope that the camera would ever be ____27____. Fast forward to last month, Greiner found the camera in the river. He said the camera was “far beyond ____28____”, but the memory card with all of the photos was still on there. Greiner used a(n) ____29____ in hopes of finding the camera’s owner. It didn’t take long for Amayi to start getting _____30_____. Amayi said she was “blown away” and _____31_____ with joy when she found out the pictures were saved. Amayi expressed her gratitude for Greiner _____32_____ her with the pictures. “I am really thankful that Greiner ____33____ to find me through social media,” she said. “People who take the time to help _____34_____ the owners of a lost item make the world a better place. It takes a small amount of effort but the _____35_____ of gratitude from someone who is reunited is priceless.” 21. A. events B. accidents C. discoveries D. journeys 22. A. wind B. rock C. rapid D. dark 23. A. joined B. attached C. stuck D. added 24. A. waiting B. managing C. meaning D. hoping 25. A. served B. guarded C. inspired D. accompanied 26. A. uncontrollably B. unwillingly C. unconsciously D. unbelievably 27. A. found B. fixed C. observed D. seized 28. A. recognition B. repair C. description D. imagination 29. A. advertisement B. brochure C. photo D. post 30. A. introductions B. notification C. warnings D. permission 31. A. danced B. whispered C. waved D. swung 32. A. arranging B. helping C. reuniting D. comforting 33. A. prepared B. pretended C. begged D. bothered 34. A. expose B. distinguish C. locate D. reveal 35. A. price B. reward C. present D. appreciation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People like to find peace of mind in the rural fields. In China, pastoral complex (田园情节) ____36____ (root) in our hearts over the past thousands of years. However, in modern society, urban life contrasts with the rural landscape, ____37____ (leave) people who live in the city for a long time sighing deeply. The quiet natural environment becomes difficult to reach. ____38____people’s renewed love for traditional culture at present, the pursuit of pastoral living has____39____ (gradual) become the life trend of contemporary young people. Courtyard, as a kind of space form that best____40____ (fit) the living habits of Chinese people, is a place to meet the needs of material life____41____a kind of living concept seeking nature and authenticity. In ancient China, many____42____ (celebrity) were closely associated with rural life. During his exile to Yongzhou, Liu Zongyuan often ventured out of the city and into remote areas, ____43____ he wrote numerous short essays and gained much____44____ (please) from pastoral scenes to soothe his sorrows. Tao Yuanming is undoubtedly a well-known literary giant and the peach blossom land____45____ (describe) by him has evolved into a symbol of idyllic and comfortable life. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 随着社会的发展，心理健康越来越受到人们的关注。10月10日是“世界精神卫生日”。假定你是李华，请你给校长就如何改善学生心理健康状况写一封信。 内容包括：(1)心理健康的重要性；(2)你的建议及理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Principal, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nominated (提名) for our school’s debate team. I jumped at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the team’s criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a good understanding of current events. The next day I handed in my application and waited with eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡) , anticipation building up with each tick of the clock. Two weeks went by and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, which began with “I’m sorry to…”. As soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into the house. My mother was typing at the computer. “Mom,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn’t make the debate team.” She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears in my eyes told a different story. “No, really, I wasn’t picked,” I told her, handing her the letter. Her smile faded, replaced by a look of genuine concern. “Oh, sweetheart, I’m sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final. Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying. The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn’t deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my words as I complained. “I’m the best fit for the team,” I protested. “See, Jenny, complaining won’t get you on the team.” Mom gave me a serious look. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 启用前★注意保密 兴农中学2024-2025学年度第一学期10月份段考试题 高三英语 时长：120分钟 满分：150分 2024. 10 温馨提示： 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和座号写在答题卷上，将条形码贴到指定位置，正确填涂答案。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man check in? A. On Oct. 3rd. B. On Oct. 5th. C. On Oct. 7th. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and customer. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Making living plans. B. Taking breaks on weekends. C. Eating at home or eating out. 4. How does the man feel? A. Thrilled. B. Upset. C. Bored. 5. Where did the woman learn French? A. In France. B. In China. C. In Canada. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is Jessie's dream major? A. Computer Science. B. Chinese Literature. C. Information Engineering. 7. Which institute did Kevin join? A. The speech club. B. The computer center. C. The coding workshop. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the woman like the soap? A. It functions well. B. It smells fragrant. C. It is of famous brand. 9. How did the woman get her first perfume? A. The man gave her as a reward. B. She bought one when shopping. C. Her mother sent her as a birthday gift. 10. What might the man be? A. A lawyer. B. A soap seller. C. A perfume collector. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What's the problem between the man and his roommate? A. They seldom talk to each other. B. They have quarrels frequently. C. They always fight against each other. 12. What is the man's roommate like? A. Lazy and dirty. B. Neat and tidy. C. Friendly and easy-going. 13. What does the woman advise the man doing? A. Moving to a new flat. B. Changing a new roommate. C. Having a serious talk with his roommate. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is wrong with the man? A. He feels exhausted. B. He broke his knees. C. He couldn't fall asleep. 15. Why does the man always wake up at dawn? A. He has high blood pressure. B. He suffers great study stress. C. He has too much economic burden. 16. What will the man do with his problem? A. Go to bed early. B. Stay in hospital. C. Take some exercise. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What will the mid-term test include? A. Reading and writing. B. Reading and speaking. C. Listening and translating. 18. What can we know about the mid-term test? A. It will be checked by ourselves. B. It will be easier than before. C. It will be held next week. 19. What will be helpful for the mid-term test? A. Homework. B. Class notes. C. Mock exam papers. 20. How much will the homework account for in the course? A. 20%. B. 25%. C. 30%. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals. TYPES OF BURNS Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ● First- degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. ● Second- degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. ● Third- degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. FIRST-AID TREATMENT 1. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6. If the victim is suffering from second or third- degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/ her to the hospital at once. 1. What is an example of a first- degree burn mentioned in the text? A. A slight kitchen burn. B. A burn from very hot water. C. A severe burn from a petrol fire. D. A deep tissue damage from steam. 2. Why shouldn't oil be applied to burn? A. It is a poor conductor of heat. B. It can worsen the burn by trapping heat. C. It will increase pain and cause immediate scarring. D. It may lead to infection by creating a wet environment. 3. Where would you expect to find the information above? A. A financial newsletter. B. A beauty and skincare guide. C. A home improvement magazine. D. A first- aid book. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了一些关于烧伤的知识，包括烧伤的原因、类型以及急救处理方法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“● First- degree burns”下文中的“These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.(这些烧伤不严重。例子包括轻微的晒伤和其他轻微的家庭事故造成的烧伤)”可知，轻微的晒伤和其他轻微的家庭事故造成的烧伤属于一度烧伤，这些烧伤不严重。由此可知，轻微的厨房烧伤正是轻微的家居事故所致的烧伤，属于一度烧伤。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“FIRST-AID TREATMENT”部分中的“4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.(4. 用一块干净的布覆盖烧伤部位。受伤部位涂油是个坏主意，因为它会让伤口保持热度，并可能导致感染)”可知，涂油会把热量保留在伤口中，从而加重烧伤。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据小标题“CAUSES OF BURNS(烧伤原因)”、“TYPES OF BURNS(烧伤类型)”、“FIRST-AID TREATMENT(急救处理)”以及下文内容可知，文章介绍了烧伤的原因、种类及紧急处理措施，这些属于急救知识，因此上文信息会在急救书籍中出现。故选D项。 B An international team of researchers led by the University of Bristol has cast light on Earth’s earliest ecosystem，showing that within a few hundred million years of planetary formation, life on Earth was already booming (繁荣的). Everything alive today originates from a common ancestor known as LUCA(Last Universal Common Ancestor). LUCA is the assumptive common ancestor from which all modern cellular life，from single-celled organisms like bacteria to the huge redwood trees as well as us humans originates. LUCA stands for the source of the tree of life before it splits into the groups recognized today：Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The team compared all the genes (基因) in the genomes of living species, counting the variations that have occurred within their orders over time since they shared an ancestor in LUCA. The time of separation of some species is known from the fossil (化石) record and so the team used a genetic equivalent of the familiar equation used to calculate speed in physics to work out when LUCA existed, arriving at the answer of 4.2 billion years ago, about four hundred million years after the formation of Earth and our solar system. Next，the team worked out the biology of LUCA by modelling the physiological characteristics of living species back through the genealogy (宗谱) of life to LUCA. Lead author, Dr Edmund Moody explained, “The evolutionary history of genes is complicated by their exchange between lineages (细胞系). We have to use complex evolutionary models to harmonize the evolutionary history of genes with the genealogy of species.” Co-author Professor Philip Donoghue said, “Our work reveals insights into early Earth and life that could not be achieved by any one subject alone. It also demonstrates just how quickly an ecosystem was established on early Earth. This suggests that life may be booming on Earth-like biospheres elsewhere in the universe.” 4. What can be learned about LUCA from the text? A. It represents the root of the tree of life. B. It is only the ancestor of redwood trees. C. It was divided into two groups. D. It didn’t change much over time. 5. When did LUCA exist according to the text? A. About 4.6 billion years ago. B. About 3.8 billion years ago. C. About 4.2 billion years ago. D. About 400 million years ago. 6. What can we conclude from the text? A. LUCA was the only form of life on Earth then. B. LUCA was probably a very complex organism. C. The study of LUCA is the final step in exploring the universe. D. The formation of Earth was closely related to that of other planets. 7. What did Philip Donoghue say about their study? A. It was time-consuming. B. It was disappointing. C. It was labor-saving. D. It was meaningful. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由布里斯托尔大学领导的国际研究小组揭示了地球最早的生态系统，确定了共同祖先 LUCA 的存在时间及生物学特征，强调该研究的意义和对未来相关研究的影响，表明早期地球生态系统建立迅速，或为其他类似生物圈提供参考。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“LUCA stands for the source of the tree of life(LUCA代表生命之树的源头) ”可知，LUCA 代表生命之树的根部。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“LUCA existed, arriving at the answer of 4. 2 billion years ago ( LUCA 存在于42亿年前)”可知，LUCA 存在于42亿年前。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The evolutionary history of genes is complicated by their exchange between lineages(细胞系). We have to use complex evolutionary models to harmonize the evolutionary history of genes with the genealogy of species.(基因的进化史由于它们在谱系之间的交换而变得复杂。我们必须使用复杂的进化模型来协调基因的进化历史和物种的谱系)可推断，LUCA 可能是一个复杂的生物体。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Co- author Professor Philip Donoghue said, ‘Our work reveals insights into early Earth and life that could not be achieved by any one subject alone. It also demonstrates just how quickly an ecosystem was established on early Earth. This suggests that life may be booming on Earth- like biospheres elsewhere in the universe.’(合著者菲利普·多诺霍教授说：“我们的工作揭示了对早期地球和生命的洞察，这是任何一个学科都无法单独实现的。”这也证明了早期地球上的生态系统是如何迅速建立起来的。这表明生命可能在地球上蓬勃发展，就像宇宙中其他地方的生物圈一样。)”可推断，菲利普•多诺霍认为他们的研究很有意义。故选D项。 C More than 30, 000 people worldwide are found to have brain tumors (肿瘤) each year. While treatment has improved over the last few decades, recurrence (复发) remains a risk. And the unpredictable timing of tumors returning makes them difficult to detect early. Luckily, scientists are developing the world's first finger-prick (扎) test to spot brain tumors to pick up sign of return. The work is being led by a team at Nottingham Trent University, funded by the Medical Research Council. The scientists believe that the simple finger-prick test would improve the lives of tens of thousands of people around the world. It could also significantly lessen the burden on health care systems by reducing the need for MRI scans and by providing a cost-effective alternative to some clinic appointments. “Patients often have follow-up MRI scans every three to six months, but a quick test to detect brain cancer could make it possible to efficiently test recurrence every week, so that more recurrent tumors are caught early at a more treatable stage, ” says Dr Ola Rominiyi, one of the lead scientists. “Additionally, the tests could actually help guide the best time to perform MRI scans for each individual patient. Over time, this might lead to a more personalized approach to MRI scanning and some patients needing to have MRI scans slightly less frequently. ” Moving forward, the research team plans to seek the next stage of funding and start the trial stage in2025. Therefore, scientists believe that the earliest the test could become commercially available - considering regulatory approvals, etc.- would be 2026 or 2027. “It's hard to imagine a medical technology so widely understood and used. This tech would provide regular and affordable treatment for patients at home in an easy-to-use way. We hope the work could be applied to other types of cancer, too, potentially helping to save millions of lives, ” says Wilson, another scientist of the team. 8. What problem does the finger-prick test try to solve about brain tumors? A Their too quick growth. B. The growing confirmed cases. C. Their high death rate. D. The uncertain return. 9. What can be inferred about the finger-prick test? A. It has received enough financial support. B. It has been approved by the government. C. It may take time before going to the market. D. It may meet different technology challenges. 10. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The difference between MRI and the test. B. The advantages of the finger-prick test. C. The research team's expectation of the test. D. The guide to using the finger-prick test. 11. What will the researchers' future study most probably focus on? A. New treatments for brain tumors. B. More clinic trials about the test. C. Cost reduction about the test. D. The test’s application to other cancers. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了医学研究领域的新突破。幸运的是，科学家们正在开发世界上第一个手指刺破测试，已发现脑肿瘤的复发迹象。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“And the unpredictable timing of tumors returning makes them difficult to detect early. Luckily, scientists are developing the world's first finger-prick (扎) test to spot brain tumors to pick up sign of return. (而且肿瘤复发的时间难以预测，因此很难及早发现。幸运的是，科学家们正在开发世界上第一个手指刺破测试，以发现脑肿瘤的复发迹象。)”可推知，关于脑肿瘤，手指点刺试验试图解决不确定的难题。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Therefore, scientists believe that the earliest the test could become commercially available - considering regulatory approvals, etc. - would be 2026 or 2027. (因此，科学家们认为，考虑到监管部门的批准等因素，这种测试最早可能在2026年或2027年实现商业化。)”可推知，在进入市场之前，手指穿刺测试可能需要一段时间。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段““Patients often have follow-up MRI scans every three to six months, but a quick test to detect brain cancer could make it possible to efficiently test recurrence every week, so that more recurrent tumors are caught early at a more treatable stage, ” says Dr Ola Rominiyi, one of the lead scientists. “Additionally, the tests could actually help guide the best time to perform MRI scans for each individual patient. Over time, this might lead to a more personalized approach to MRI scanning and some patients needing to have MRI scans slightly less frequently. ” (“患者通常每三到六个月进行一次后续核磁共振扫描，但检测脑癌的快速测试可以每周有效地检测复发，这样就可以在更可治疗的阶段早期发现更多复发肿瘤，”首席科学家之一Ola Rominiyi博士说。“此外，这些测试实际上可以帮助指导对每个病人进行核磁共振扫描的最佳时间。随着时间的推移，这可能会导致更个性化的核磁共振扫描方法，一些患者需要进行核磁共振扫描的频率会稍微降低。”)”可知，第三段主要讲的是手指穿刺试验的优点。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We hope the work could be applied to other types of cancer, too, potentially helping to save millions of lives, ” says Wilson, another scientist of the team. (我们希望这项工作也能应用于其他类型的癌症，可能有助于挽救数百万人的生命，”该团队的另一位科学家威尔逊说。)”可推知，研究人员未来的研究最有可能集中在该测试在其他癌症中的应用。故选D项。 D From the earliest age, children are taught that the word “please” holds special power in communication. It’s presented as a key to unlocking favors and transforming demands into polite requests. However, recent research challenges this conventional wisdom, suggesting that “please” might not always carry the weight of universal politeness, but rather serves as a strategic tool to navigate (操纵) social dynamics. A study published in Social Psychology Quarterly by a team of sociologists from UCLA explores the slight differences of how people make requests. Contrary to common assumptions, the study reveals that “please” is used far less frequently than expected. Its usage is particularly pronounced in situations where a negative response is anticipated. Whether it’s passing butter at the dinner table or asking for a ride to the airport, individuals tend to employ “please” when they perceive unwillingness or busyness on the part of the other person. Rather than being a blanket expression of politeness, it functions more as a strategy to overcome resistance or obstacles in interpersonal interactions. The findings suggest a need to move away from rigid, one-size-fits-all rules of etiquette (礼节) and towards a more different understanding of situation al dynamics. Lead researcher Andrew Chalfoun suggests understanding each situation rather than following strict rules of politeness. Chalfoun warns that using “please” too much can seem pushy or insincere in some situations. The study analyzed over a thousand requests and found “please” was only used in 7% of cases, mainly when people expected resistance or when the person asked was busy. Moreover the study reveals that children employ “please” in much the same way as adults often using it strategically when met with previous refusals. This highlights the role of learned social norms in shaping linguistic behavior from a young age. The researchers hope that their insights into the practical use of politeness will inform future studies on social behavior. By uncovering the small differences of everyday interactions, they aim to develop more accurate models of human communication and behavior. 12. In which situation is it most likely to use “please” according to the research? A. Telling visitors to follow the safety guidelines. B. Telling a student to submit his report on time. C. Borrowing a book from your best friend. D. Asking for assistance from a busy colleague. 13. What is a negative effect of overusing “please”? A. It can come across as forced or dishonest. B. It can make requests seem less important. C. It can be perceived as overly casual. D. It can lead to misunderstandings. 14. What do the researchers hope to achieve with their findings? A. To remove the use of “please” in communication. B. To enhance the understanding of human behavior. C. To prove that politeness is unnecessary in some cases. D. To demonstrate that children are more polite than adults. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A The universal importance of saying “please”. B. The decline of politeness in modern society. C. The strategic use of “please” in social interactions. D. The history of polite expressions in different cultures. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了关于“please”这个词在社交互动中的实际作用的研究发现，挑战了传统观念中“please”作为普遍礼貌用语的看法，提出了它更多地被用作一种策略来克服人际交往中的阻力或障碍。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Whether it’s passing butter at the dinner table or asking for a ride to the airport, individuals tend to employ “please” when they perceive unwillingness or busyness on the part of the other person. Rather than being a blanket expression of politeness, it functions more as a strategy to overcome resistance or obstacles in interpersonal interactions.(无论是在餐桌上递黄油还是要求搭便车去机场，当人们感觉到对方不愿意或很忙时，他们倾向于使用“请”。它不是一种笼统的礼貌表达，而是一种克服人际交往中阻力或障碍的策略)”可知，当人们感觉到对方不愿意或很忙时，他们倾向于使用“请”，所以D项“向忙碌的同事寻求帮助”最可能使用“请”符合题意。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Chalfoun warns that using “please” too much can seem pushy or insincere in some situations.(查尔芬警告说，在某些情况下，过多地使用“请”会显得咄咄逼人或不真诚)”可知，过度使用“请”的负面影响是它会给人一种强迫或不真诚的感觉。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The researchers hope that their insights into the practical use of politeness will inform future studies on social behavior. By uncovering the small differences of everyday interactions, they aim to develop more accurate models of human communication and behavior.(研究人员希望他们对礼貌的实际应用的见解能够为未来的社会行为研究提供信息。通过揭示日常互动的微小差异，他们旨在开发更准确的人类交流和行为模型)”可知，研究人员希望通过他们的发现增进对人类行为的理解。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“From the earliest age, children are taught that the word “please” holds special power in communication. It’s presented as a key to unlocking favors and transforming demands into polite requests. However, recent research challenges this conventional wisdom, suggesting that “please” might not always carry the weight of universal politeness, but rather serves as a strategic tool to navigate (操纵) social dynamics.(从很小的时候起，孩子们就被教导“请”这个词在交流中具有特殊的力量。它被认为是打开恩惠并将需求转化为礼貌请求的钥匙。然而，最近的研究挑战了这一传统智慧，表明“请”可能并不总是具有普遍礼貌的分量，而是作为一种战略工具来驾驭社会动态)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述社交互动中“请”的策略性使用。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. ____16____ This has something to do with our brain activities. When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. ____17____ As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it. Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. ____18____ The answer is triggers (诱因). The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. ____19____ For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. Procrastination (拖延) is one of the habitual responses to stress: when faced with a difficult task, some people simply start doing something else to avoid it. Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. ____20____ Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. A. But how are they developed? B. Habits are not developed in a day or two. C. Triggers play a very important part in our life. D. What drives us to perform habitual actions, then? E. There are thousands of such triggers in our lives. F. The brain enjoys a reward when the task is completed. G. But once we know the triggers, we can try to make a change. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了习惯形成的过程及如何改变不良习惯。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. (每天，无论我们是否意识到，我们的生活都在被习惯所支配)”以及下文“This has something to do with our brain activities. (这与我们的大脑活动有关)”可知，说明习惯支配我们的生活并且这与大脑活动有关，空处承上启下，引出下文对习惯形成过程的解释。所以A项“但它们是如何形成的呢？”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. (当我们第一次学习做某件事时，我们必须有意识地去思考它。在这个阶段，大脑的某个部分会做出执行并专注于这项任务的决定。随后，大脑的另一部分会对这个决定作出反应，指挥我们的身体进行相应的动作，并记住这些动作模式)”以及下文“As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it.Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. (随着我们不断重复这一过程，大脑的工作量逐渐减少，这意味着我们不再需要有意识地思考如何去做这件事。因此，任务逐渐变得自动化—换句话说，成为了一种习惯)”说明的是大脑对任务的处理过程，当大脑不再需要有意识地思考如何去做这件事时，就形成了习惯，所以空处应填当任务完成时，大脑是如何处理的。所以F项“当任务完成时，大脑会获得奖励”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“The answer is triggers. The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. (答案是触发因素。大脑可以在几百毫秒内对触发因素作出反应，并启动一种习惯性行为)”可知，空处应是问句，是引出问题，是对下文答案的提问。所以D项“那么，是什么驱使我们执行习惯性的行为呢？”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior (大脑可以在几百毫秒内对触发因素作出反应，并启动一种习惯性行为)”以及下文“For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. (例如，当我们醒来时，我们会起床开始新的一天。在这种情况下，触发因素就是醒来。不良习惯也是由触发因素引发的)”可知，空处承上启下，与上文描绘的高频反应形成递进关系，并且引出下文的例子，说明生活中有许多诱因。所以E项“在我们的生活中存在着成千上万这样的触发因素”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The answer is triggers. (答案是触发因素)”“Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. (习惯，特别是坏习惯，通常很难改掉)”以及下文“Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. (请记住，习惯的形成需要时间，因此耐心和坚持至关重要。通过投入和理解，你可以通过习惯的力量解锁个人成长和积极变化的潜力)”可知，诱发不良习惯的因素有很多，当我们知道诱因的时候，可以通过自己去改变。所以G项“但是一旦我们知道触发因素是什么，我们就可以尝试做出改变”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s been 13 years since Amayi last saw her digital camera she was using at a tubing (漂流) trip. The camera had a number of photos from recent ____21____, including the wedding of her best friend. “I slid out of my tube (皮划艇) due to the ____22____,” she said. “When I regained my tube and got to shore, I realized the small string that ____23____ my camera to my neck had broken. I returned to the white water section ____24____ to see it but in vain.” The camera, which had ____25____ her in so many places, was gone. She said she cried ____26____ after realizing it was in the river and there was little hope that the camera would ever be ____27____. Fast forward to last month, Greiner found the camera in the river. He said the camera was “far beyond ____28____”, but the memory card with all of the photos was still on there. Greiner used a(n) ____29____ in hopes of finding the camera’s owner. It didn’t take long for Amayi to start getting _____30_____. Amayi said she was “blown away” and _____31_____ with joy when she found out the pictures were saved. Amayi expressed her gratitude for Greiner _____32_____ her with the pictures. “I am really thankful that Greiner ____33____ to find me through social media,” she said. “People who take the time to help _____34_____ the owners of a lost item make the world a better place. It takes a small amount of effort but the _____35_____ of gratitude from someone who is reunited is priceless.” 21. A. events B. accidents C. discoveries D. journeys 22. A. wind B. rock C. rapid D. dark 23. A. joined B. attached C. stuck D. added 24. A. waiting B. managing C. meaning D. hoping 25. A. served B. guarded C. inspired D. accompanied 26. A. uncontrollably B. unwillingly C. unconsciously D. unbelievably 27. A. found B. fixed C. observed D. seized 28. A. recognition B. repair C. description D. imagination 29. A. advertisement B. brochure C. photo D. post 30. A. introductions B. notification C. warnings D. permission 31. A. danced B. whispered C. waved D. swung 32. A. arranging B. helping C. reuniting D. comforting 33. A. prepared B. pretended C. begged D. bothered 34. A. expose B. distinguish C. locate D. reveal 35. A. price B. reward C. present D. appreciation 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Amayi曾经丢失了一个照相机，13年后一个叫Greiner的人找到了它并通过里面保存下来的照片试图在社交媒体上发文找寻失主，竟然真的找到了Amayi最终物归原主。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个相机里有很多最近的事件留下的照片，包括她最好的朋友的婚礼。A. events事件；B. accidents事故；C. discoveries发现；D. journeys旅程。由空后“including the wedding of her best friend”可知，这里指Amayi的相机里保存着近来一些类似婚礼这样重大事件的照片。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为湍急的水流我从皮划艇上滑了下来。A. wind风；B. rock石头；C. rapid湍流；D. dark黑暗。空处作原因状语，由空前“I slid out of my tube( 皮划艇)”及前文交代的背景“she was using at a tubing (漂流) trip”推知，Amayi在玩漂流时因为水流太急从皮划艇上掉了下去。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到皮划艇上并靠岸时，我意识到用来把照相机挂在我脖子上的细绳已经断了。A. joined加入；B. attached把……附在……上；C. stuck困住；D. added补充。空处在that引导的定语从句中，先行词为the small string，由空后从句的内容“my camera to my neck”可知，是把照相机挂在脖子上的带子断了。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到湍流部分，希望看到相机，但是一切都是徒劳。A. waiting等待；B. managing完成；C. meaning打算；D. hoping希望。空处是现在分词作状语，由主句“I returned to the white water section”和空后不定式“to see it”可知，作者发现相机丢失之后，抱着找回的希望返回了水域。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这台陪伴她去过许多地方的相机不见了。A. served服务；B. guarded保卫；C. inspired鼓舞；D. accompanied陪伴。空处在定语从句中，先行词为The camera，由句中状语“in so many places”和前文中“The camera had a number of photos from recent ”可知，这里指相机陪伴Amayi去过许多地方，留下很多照片和回忆。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说在意识到照相机掉进河里而且几乎没有找回希望后，她不由自主地哭了出来。A. uncontrollably无法控制地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. unconsciously不知不觉地；D. unbelievably难以置信地。由上一句“The camera, which had ____ her in so many places, was gone.”可知，相机对于Amayi来说是无比重要的，而由空后的时间状语“after realizing it was in the river and there was little hope that the camera would ever be ____ .”可知，如此重要的东西再也找不到了，Amayi会不由自主地哭泣。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说在意识到照相机掉进河里而且几乎没有找回希望后，她不由自主地哭了出来。A. found找到；B. fixed修理；C. observed观察；D. seized抓住。由上一段最后“I returned to the white water section 4 to see it but in vain.”及这一段开始交代的相机的下落“was gone”可知，相机是真的丢失了，找回的希望十分渺茫。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说相机已经难以修理了，但装有全部照片的储存卡还在。A. recognition识别，承认；B. repair修理；C. description描述；D. imagination想象。由文章首句交代的“It’s been 13 years since Amayi last saw her digital camera”以及前文“realizing it was in the river”可知，相机被遗落在河水中过去了十三年，再次被人发现时显然已经无法修理了。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greiner发了一条博文，寄希望于找到相机的主人。A. advertisement广告；B. brochure手册；C. photo照片；D. post帖子，博文。由后文中“to find me through social media”可知，Greiner是通过在社交媒体上发帖从而找到了相机的失主。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Amayi开始得到通知并没有花多长时间。A. introductions介绍；B. notification通知；C. warnings警告；D. permission许可。由前一句中“in hopes of finding the camera’s owner.”可知，这里表示在Greiner通过社交媒体上发文寻找相机失主后，很快Amayi就知悉了这件事。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Amayi说当发现照片被保存下来时她无比震惊，高兴得手舞足蹈。A. danced跳舞；B. whispered低语；C. waved挥舞；D. swung摇摆。由空后“with joy when she found out the pictures were saved.”可知，丢失13年的相机失而复得，更重要的是里面的照片还保存了下来，Amayi的反应自然是高兴到手舞足蹈。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Amayi表达了她对于Greiner让她再次拿到照片的感谢。A. arranging安排；B. helping帮助；C. reuniting使重聚；D. comforting安慰。由空后“her with the pictures”可知，此处符合短语reunite…with，表示Greiner让Amayi和她的照片重聚，即再次拿回了照片。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很感谢格雷纳通过社交媒体找到我，”她说。A. prepared准备；B. pretended假装；C. begged乞求；D. bothered花费时间精力。由空后“to find me through social media”及后文“People who take the time to help”可知，Amayi是对Greiner不嫌麻烦的热心帮助表示感激。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些帮助找出遗失物品的失主的人们让这个世界变得更好了。A. expose暴露；B. distinguish辨别；C. locate定位；D. reveal揭示。由空后宾语“the owners of a lost item”可知，Amayi表示对Greiner的感谢，感谢他这样的人不辞辛苦找出物品的失主的准确位置，也就是找到失主。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只需要一点点努力，但带来的由那些终得重聚的人表达的感谢这样的回报是无价的。A. price价格；B. reward回报；C. present礼物；D. appreciation感激。由空后名词所有格的内容“of gratitude from someone who is reunited”可知，空处呼应but前的effort一词，表达的是一点点努力换回了无价的回报。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People like to find peace of mind in the rural fields. In China, pastoral complex (田园情节) ____36____ (root) in our hearts over the past thousands of years. However, in modern society, urban life contrasts with the rural landscape, ____37____ (leave) people who live in the city for a long time sighing deeply. The quiet natural environment becomes difficult to reach. ____38____people’s renewed love for traditional culture at present, the pursuit of pastoral living has____39____ (gradual) become the life trend of contemporary young people. Courtyard, as a kind of space form that best____40____ (fit) the living habits of Chinese people, is a place to meet the needs of material life____41____a kind of living concept seeking nature and authenticity. In ancient China, many____42____ (celebrity) were closely associated with rural life. During his exile to Yongzhou, Liu Zongyuan often ventured out of the city and into remote areas, ____43____ he wrote numerous short essays and gained much____44____ (please) from pastoral scenes to soothe his sorrows. Tao Yuanming is undoubtedly a well-known literary giant and the peach blossom land____45____ (describe) by him has evolved into a symbol of idyllic and comfortable life. 【答案】36. has been rooted 37. leaving 38. With 39. gradually 40. fits 41. and 42. celebrities 43. where 44. pleasure 45. described 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了中国人心中的田园情节。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在中国，千百年来，田园情结一直根植于我们的心中。空处缺少谓语，结合over the past thousands of years可知，句子为现在完成时，主语pastoral complex为单数，与root构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been rooted。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在现代社会，城市生活与乡村景观形成了鲜明的对比，让长期生活在城市中的人们唏嘘不已。空处与前文无连词连接，用非谓语动词，结合句意，空处表示前文内容产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词作状语表主动。故填leaving。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着当下人们对传统文化的重新热爱，追求田园生活逐渐成为当代年轻人的生活趋势。people’s renewed love为名词词组，空处为介词，表示“随着”，用介词with，放在句首，首字母大写。故填With。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰谓语has become，用副词作状语。gradual对应的副词为gradually“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：庭院作为最符合中国人生活习惯的一种空间形式，是满足物质生活需求的场所，是一种追求自然和真实的生活理念。that引导定语从句，that指代space form为单数，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时，fit用第三人称单数形式。故填fits。 41题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。a place to meet the needs of material life与a kind of living concept seeking nature and authenticity为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：在中国古代，许多名人都与乡村生活密切相关。many后用可数名词复数。故填celebrities。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：柳宗元被流放永州期间，经常冒险离开城市到偏远地区，在那里他写了许多短文，并从田园景色中获得许多乐趣，以缓解他的悲伤。空处引导非限制定语从句，先行词为areas，作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处作gained的宾语，用please对应的名词pleasure，不可数。故填pleasure。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：陶渊明无疑是一位著名的文学巨匠，他所描绘的桃花源已演变成田园诗般的舒适生活的象征。空处修饰the peach blossom land，land与describe构成被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填described。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 随着社会的发展，心理健康越来越受到人们的关注。10月10日是“世界精神卫生日”。假定你是李华，请你给校长就如何改善学生心理健康状况写一封信。 内容包括：(1)心理健康的重要性；(2)你的建议及理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Principal, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Principal, I hope this letter finds you well. As we observe World Mental Health Day on October 10th, I would like to bring to your attention the critical issue of student mental health. In today’s fast-paced and competitive environment, maintaining good mental health is essential for our overall well-being and academic success. To support our mental health, I suggest implementing regular mental health awareness programs. These could include workshops led by professionals that teach coping strategies and stress management techniques. Additionally, establishing a school counseling center where students can seek help confidentially would provide a safe space for those in need. Such initiatives not only foster a supportive community but also reduce the stigma associated with seeking help. Thank you for considering these suggestions. I believe they will contribute positively to our school environment. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就如何改善学生心理健康状况给校长写一封信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 意识：awareness →consciousness 此外：additionally →besides/furthermore/moreover 与……相关的：associated with→related to 有助于：contribute to → lead to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To support our mental health, I suggest implementing regular mental health awareness programs. 拓展句：To support our mental health, I suggest that we implement regular mental health awareness programs. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As we observe World Mental Health Day on October 10th, I would like to bring to your attention the critical issue of student mental health. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Additionally, establishing a school counseling center where students can seek help confidentially would provide a safe space for those in need. (运用了动名词作主语和where引导的定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nominated (提名) for our school’s debate team. I jumped at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the team’s criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a good understanding of current events. The next day, I handed in my application and waited with eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡) , anticipation building up with each tick of the clock. Two weeks went by, and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, which began with “I’m sorry to…”. As soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into the house. My mother was typing at the computer. “Mom,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn’t make the debate team.” She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears in my eyes told a different story. “No, really, I wasn’t picked,” I told her, handing her the letter. Her smile faded, replaced by a look of genuine concern. “Oh, sweetheart, I’m sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final. Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying. The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn’t deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my words as I complained. “I’m the best fit for the team,” I protested. “See, Jenny, complaining won’t get you on the team.” Mom gave me a serious look. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. She shared her own stories of failure and disappointment and how she turned them into opportunities for growth. “Every rejection is a lesson,” she said. With her guidance, I spent the next three months improving my skills. I practiced debates, read extensively to stay updated on current events, and sought feedback from teachers and peers. I even started a debate club after school to gain more experience. I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament, they considered my dedication and improvement. This time, I was ready. My performance in the tryouts was confident and well-prepared. Joining the team was a sweet victory, but the real win was in the resilience I had built and the lessons I had learned along the way. My mother’s wisdom had steered me through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。短文讲述主角最初因为落选辩论队受到了打击，但在母亲的鼓励下，她选择利用这次挫折作为提升自我的机会，通过参加辩论研讨和自我练习来改进自己的技能。最终，机会再次来临，她用准备和信心证明了自己，最终成功加入辩论队。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我盯着妈妈，急切地听着。”可知，第一段可描写母亲分享了自己的失败和失望的故事，以及她如何将它们转化为成长的机会。以及作者努力的过程 ②由第二段首句内容“3个月后第二次机会来临时，我成功了。”可知，第二段可描写讲述机会再次来临时，作者基于之前的准备，成功加入了辩论队以及感悟。 2.续写线索：母亲分享了自己故事——作者的努力——加入辩论队——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①转化成：turn...into /transform...into ②提高：improve/promote ③获得：gain /obtain ④加入团队：join the team/make the team 情绪类 ①感激的：grateful /appreciative ②自信的：confident/ assured 【点睛】[高分句型1] When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament, they considered my dedication and improvement. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] My mother’s wisdom had steered me through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $