2025年中考英语语法专题探究（广西）语法二　动词 第2节 考点1 动词的时态 课件

语法二　动词 第2部分　语法专题探究 第2节　动词的时态和语态 返回目录 语法二　动词 考点精讲 试题精练 考点1　动词的时态 链接中考 考点精讲 返回目录 1. 动词的基本形式(该考点虽不会直接出题，但需做了解，有助于掌握其他考点。) 基本形式 用法或构成规则 例子 动词原形 用于情态动词、助动词、不定式符号to之后或祈使句句首 He can borrow my bike. 他可以借我的自行车。 Open the door, please. 请开门。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 基本形式 用法或构成规则 例子 第三人 称单数 一般情况下直接在动词词尾加-s read→reads, come→comes, say→says 以字母s, x, o, ch, sh结尾的动词，在词尾加-es watch→watches, finish→①____________， kiss→kisses, fix→fixes, go→goes 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es carry→carries, fly→flies, try→②____________ finishes　 tries　 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 基本形式 用法或构成规则 例子 现在分词 一般情况下直接在动词词尾加-ing work→working, sing→singing(2024.39) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e，再加-ing lose→losing, come→③____________ 以字母ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加-ing(初中阶段共三个) die→dying, lie→④______， tie→tying 以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ing get→getting, run→running, plan→⑤____________， chat→chatting coming　 lying　 planning　 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 基本形式 用法或构成规则 例子 过去式和 过去分词 一般情况下直接在动词词尾加-ed play→played→played(2023.38), want→wanted→wanted 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，词尾直接加-d hope→hoped→hoped, dance→danced→danced 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed carry→carried→carried, try→tried→tried 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 基本形式 用法或构成规则 例子 过去式和 过去分词 以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop→⑥____________ →____________ 特例：prefer→preferred→preferred stopped　 stopped　 (动词的过去式和过去分词的不规则变化需单独记忆，见《早读材料》P75) 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 2. 动词的六种常用时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 一般 现在时 构成 (1)主语＋am/is/are(＋表语) (2)主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式 (＋宾语) (1)表示现在的状态； I’m thirteen and I have long hair. (2)表示经常发生的事情或习惯性的动作，常与频度副词和频率词组连用； Jim goes to school on foot every day. (3)表示客观真理、科学事实或格言等； The sun is much bigger than the earth. 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 一般 现在时 时间 标志词 (1)频度副词：always, usually, often, seldom, hardly等 (2)频率词组：once/twice a week, three times a month, every系列等 (3)其他：at weekends, on Mondays等 (4)在if, unless, as long as等引导的条件状语从句和when, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时，主语用一般将来时或祈使句；(主将从现) She will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. (5)表示按时间表、安排等发生的动作。(仅限于come, leave, arrive, begin, start等词) The train arrives at 4:30 pm according to the timetable. 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 一般 过去时 (2023. 38) 构成 (1)主语＋was/were(＋表语) (2)主语＋动词的过去式(＋宾语) (1)表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态； I got up early yesterday morning (2)表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作； I often played in that park in my childhood. (3)有些动作发生的时间没有清楚地表达出来，但实际上是在过去发生的。 He told me his address, but I forget it now. 时间 标志词 (1)yesterday系列：yesterday morning/afternoon等 (2)一段时间＋ago (3)last系列：last night/week等 (4)in＋过去的时间：in 1980, in the past等 (5)其他：just now, once upon a time等 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 一般 将来时 构成 (1)主语＋will＋动词原形(＋表语/宾语) (2)主语＋am/is/are going to＋动词原形(＋表语/宾语) (1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态； We will come to visit you next month. (2)“be going to＋动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事； They’re going to play volleyball next week. (3)主将从现。【见一般现在时的用法(4)】 时间 标志词 (1)tomorrow, soon等 (2)next系列：next week/month等 (3)in＋一段时间/表将来的时间：in two hours/years/2050, in the future等 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 现在 进行时 (2024. 39) 构成 主语＋am/is/are＋现在分词(＋宾语) (1)表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作； Tom is doing his homework now. (2)表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作； I am working on this project these days. (3)在while引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时； While he is watching TV, it starts to rain heavily. (4)come, leave, arrive, begin, start等词可以用现在进行时表将来。 We’re leaving for Shanghai this Friday. 时间 标志词 (1)now, right now (2)at present, at this time/moment等 (3)these days/months等 (4)“Look！”、 “Listen！”等提示句 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 过去 进行时 构成 主语＋was/were＋现在分词(＋宾语) (1)表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作； I was watching the basketball match at 10:00 yesterday morning. (2)表示过去一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。(常用于when, while引导的时间状语从句) The students were reading their books loudly when Miss Brown went into the classroom. 时间 标志词 (1)then (2)at that/this time/moment yesterday (3)at… (o’clock) last night/yesterday等 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 时态 构成和时间标志词 用法 现在 完成时 构成 主语＋have/has＋过去分词(＋表语/宾语) (1)表示动作发生在过去，到说话之前已经完成，侧重该动作对现在造成的影响或结果； I have already seen the film. (2)表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去，常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点/句子”连用，此时谓语动词需用延续性动词。 I have studied English for eight years. 时间 标志词 (1)already, yet, ever, never等 (2)so far, in the past few years, up to now等 (3)for＋时间段 (4)since＋时间点/句子 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 【注意】(1)非延续性动词与延续性动词 非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，但一般不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果句中有表示一段时间的时间状语，需将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。 He has already left his hometown. 他已经离开了自己的家乡。(非延续性动词) He has been away from his hometown for three years. 他离开自己的家乡已经三年了。(延续性动词) 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 (2)常用的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化 (3)have been to/have gone to/have been in的区别【见主书P45】 非延续 性动词 buy borrow/ lend die open/ close join finish marry leave begin/start 延续性 动词 have keep be dead be open/ closed be in be over be married be away be on 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 链接中考 返回目录 动词的时态在单项选择中的应用 (必考，每年1道) 如何正确判断句子时态 (1)根据时间标志词确定句子的时态； (2)无时间标志词时，可根据语境确定句子的时态。 【易错提醒】(1)根据“主将从现”的原则确定时态： 一般将来时 用一般现在时表将来 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 如何正确判断句子时态 (2)在含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，主从句时态如下： 主句＋since＋从句 (3)always, often, usually等频度副词既可用于一般现在时，也可用于一般过去时。如： Lily often catches fish in the river. 莉莉常在河里抓鱼。 Lily often caught fish in the river when she was young. 莉莉小时候常在河里抓鱼。 现在完成时 一般过去时 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 (2024广西39题单选)Listen! The birds ________ in the tree now． A．sing B．sang　 C．are singing 解析：根据提示句“Listen！”和句中的时间状语now可知，本句时态为现在进行时。故选C。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 (2023广西38题单选)Yesterday I ________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time. A．will play B．play　 C．played 解析：根据句中的时间状语yesterday可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故选C。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 (广西统考样卷38题单选)—What were you doing when I called you last night? —I ________ football with my father. A．play B．was playing　 C．will play 解析：根据“What were you doing”可知，答语用过去进行时表示“过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行”。故选B。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 动词的时态在选词填空中的应用 【解题思路】(1)首先，根据语境、常识、固定搭配等确定空格处的动词词义； (2)其次，结合时间标志词或语境判断空格处动词的时态； (3)最后，考虑是否需要对动词进行词形变换。动词常见的词形变换角度和判断方法如下： 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 填动词原形 (1)情态动词及其否定形式＋动词原形； (2)will/would/be going to＋动词原形； (3)助动词(do/does/did)及其否定形式＋动词原形； (4)祈使句的谓语动词用动词原形； (5)一般现在时的情况下：主语(名词复数如many foreigners或非第三人称单数的代词如 you, we等)＋动词原形(be动词除外)。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 填第三人 称单数形式 一般现在时的情况下： (1)主语(a/an/one/this/that/every/each＋可数名词单数)＋动词第三人称单数形式； (2)主语(不可数名词/单个人名/地名/称呼)＋动词第三人称单数形式； (3)主语(第三人称单数的代词he/she/it、指示代词this/that或复合不定代词)＋动词第三人称单数形式； (4)主语(不定式/动名词)＋动词第三人称单数形式。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 填过去式 (1)句中有表示过去的时间状语； (2)没有时间标志词，但上下文的时态为一般过去时。 填现在分词 用于现在/过去进行时结构中：am/is/are/was/were＋doing。 填过去分词 用于现在完成时结构中：have/has＋done。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 few　outside　animal　everyone　help　danger　lose　fun　give　voice (广西统考样卷79题、82题选词填空节选)Many animals are 79.______ their lives because of human activities. Animals are often killed for their meat, teeth or even just for fun… Love animals. You could 82.______ them a hand when it is necessary. 解析：79题：根据下文“很多动物经常被杀”可知，此处表示“很多动物正因人类活动失去生命”，且空格前有are，因此应填入动词的现在分词形式。故填losing。 82题：根据句意“要爱护动物。在必要的时候你可以帮助它们”可知，此处指的是“帮助它们”，give sb. a hand为固定搭配，表示“帮助某人”，且空格前有could，因此应填入动词原形。故填give。 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 试题精练 返回目录 一、单项选择 有时间标志词 1. Every year, Samuel _______ a DIY present to his father on Father’s Day. A．will give B．gives　 C．was giving 2. (2024扬州改编)Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand. A．sets B．is setting C．was setting 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 3. (2024河北改编)Alex ________ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A．studies B．studied C．has studied 4. The volunteer group ________ to help the people in the earthquake-hit areas next week. A．goes B．will go C．go 5. My brother’s teeth are white and good. He ________ them twice a day. A．brushes B．is brushing C．will brush 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 6. (2024白银改编)Tom ________ the dog at the moment. A．is walking B．walks C．has walked 7. Many tourists in Hainan ________ the launch(发射) of Tianzhou-7 on January 17, 2024. A．watch B．watched　 C．are watching 8. (2024牡丹江)—Would you like something to eat, Mr. Song? —No, thanks. I’m not hungry. I ________ some zongzi already. A．eat B．ate C．have eaten 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 9. —The new term is coming. We ________ to school in a few days. —That’s very exciting. I can’t wait to see all my teachers and classmates. A．return　　 B．am returning C．will return 10. (2024泸州改编)—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ________ the dishes. A．washed B．am washing C．was washing 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 11. —Nancy, I ________ a weak bird on the grass just now. —Oh, let’s take it to the animal centre at once. A．find B．found C．have found 12. (2024天津改编)—Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? —Sure. See you then. A．have had B．were having C．are going to have 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 13. (2024福建)When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．helps　　 B．was helping C．will help 14. (2024连云港改编)As a Chinese traditional martial art(武术), taijiquan ________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A．is spreading　　 B．will spread C．has spread 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 无时间标志词 15. —John, what’s your older sister doing? —She ________ Beijing opera in the club. A．learned B．is learning C．was learning 16. —What do you think of your English teacher? —She’s kind and friendly. She ________ on well with everyone in our class. A．gets B．got C．will get 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 17. —Bob, what did the weather report say? —Sorry, Dad. I didn’t hear, because I ________ on the phone. A．talked B．was talking　 C．have talked 18. (2024河北改编)I’m waiting for a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order　　 B．am ordering C．will order 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 19. —How did you finish the school project in such a short time? —Oh, Mr. Li ________ me much help. This helped me save a lot of time. A．offers B．offered　 C．will offer 20. We ________ your message and all of us are looking forward to your coming. A．receive B．will receive C．have received 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 易错点 21. Yesterday, Mr. Smith told us that sound ________ faster in water than in the air. A．traveled B．travels　 C．has traveled 22. Jessica ________ every night before her Chinese test and got a good result. A．studies B．studied C．has studied 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 23. —Gina, how long have you ________ the bike? —My father ________ it for me when I was in the primary school. A．bought; has bought B．had; bought C．had; has had 24. (2024龙东地区)—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang？　　　　 —He ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A．has gone to　　 B．has been to C．has been in 25. (2024绥化)He ________ much healthier if he ________ enough exercise in his free time. A．is; take B．will be; takes C．will be; take 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 二、选词填空基础练 hold　visit　share　begin　sleep 1. Don’t make any noise. The baby is ___________ peacefully now. 2. Our school _______ a big party to celebrate Children’s Day two weeks ago. 3. Mary usually _________ her grandparents in the countryside at weekends. 4. Some students are going to ________ their opinions about safety rules tomorrow. 5. Kate’s English has improved a lot since she _________ to study in an English group. sleeping　 held　 visits　 share　 began 　 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 三、选词填空微语篇(2024重庆A卷改编)(主题：人与自我·“传承”一颗师心　难度：★★★　用时：4分钟) 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。 try　be　teach　wish　answer My father is a teacher. He has 1.______ a math teacher for twenty years. On my tenth birthday, he asked me, “What will you do when you grow up?” “I want to be a teacher like you!” I 2.__________ proudly. Hearing this, my father was very happy and said to me, “3._____ your best and your dream will come true.” been　 answered　 Try　 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 In the fourth year of my college, I volunteered in a school. One of the teachers was ill. She wanted me to take her place for two weeks. I was glad but nervous. My father said, “This is a good chance. I 4._______ you success！” The next day I decided to have a try. Then I found when I was 5.___________ on the podium(讲台), I was not nervous at all. And all the students listened to me carefully. I was very happy. Personally, the experience has made me even more interested in being a teacher in the future. wish　 teaching　 返回目录 语法二　第2节　考点1　动词的时态 主句＋ $$