精品解析：吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

高二英语12月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Salesman and customer. 2.What does the woman want to do? A. Have a rest. B. Dance with the man. C. Practice dancing for another hour. 3. What time does the woman’s watch show? A.7: 50. B.7: 30. C.7: 20. 4. Who will go back home late tonight? A. The kids. B. The woman. C. The man. 5. What does the man mean? A. He is very full. B. He wants to control weight. C. He dislikes the food. 第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What does Mike mostly play? A.Center back. B. Right wing. C. Left back. 7. Why does the woman ask about a football player? A. She plans to learn football. B. She is preparing for schoolwork. C. She will play a football game. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What was wrong with the woman’s car? A. Its battery was flat. B. Its petrol was used up. C. It was too old to drive. 9. What is the woman going to do? A. Buy a new car. B. Recharge the battery at home. C. Return the battery to the shop. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where will the man be at 11: 00 this morning? A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant. 11. What will the man probably be doing at 2: 00 this afternoon? A. Having a meeting. B. Receiving a guest. C. Reading a report. 12. When will the woman see the man? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. This noon. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the woman probably? A. A bank manager. B. A restaurant owner. C. A land agent. 14. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To save $40,000. B. To answer questions. C. To borrow some money. 15. Where does the man intend to set up his business? A. In Lincoln Road. B. Next to the bank. C. In his grandmother’s house. 16. What does the woman think is a must for the man to set up his business? A. The location. B. His future plans. C. Enough customers. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What kind of people are “early birds”? A. Those who get up at 10: 30 am. B. Those who go to bed around 9: 30 pm. C. Those who go to bed around 11: 00 pm. 18. When do most teenagers go to bed? A. Around 9: 00 pm. B. Around 10: 00 pm. C. Around midnight or later. 19. How many teenagers can sleep enough according to the text? A. One-fifth. B. Two-fifths. C. One-fourth. 20. What do we know about night owls from the text? A. They get good grades at school. B. They get worse jobs than early birds. C. They do better on some intelligence tests. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women’s Poetry Competition 2024 Welcome to Mslexia, the only magazine where every reader is a potential contributor too. Almost every part of the magazine is open to submission by any woman writer. Our competition is open to unpublished poems of any length. Your £10 entry fee allows you to submit up to three poems. The judge this year is the outstanding and award-winning writer Pascale Petit. Prizes 1st: £2,000; 2nd: £500; 3rd: £250 (Each prize goes for one person.) Unpublished Poetry Prize for the best poem by a previously unknown poet: £250. The four winners, plus sixteen additional finalists will have their poems published in the May issue of Mslexia. Results The deadline for all entries is 23:59 GMT, 6 March, 2024 The winners and finalists will be announced on 1 April, 2024 How to enter Add the entry fee to your basket and go to the checkout. Once the order is completed, you’ll be taken to a submit page where the entry form is located. Click the “Enter Now” button. You can submit at a later date by typing into your Mslexia online account and going to the “competitions” bill. Visit our Entry Instructions for a more comprehensive guide on how to enter, and be sure to read our Rules before submitting your entries. Frequently-asked questions Have a question about formatting, eligibility(资格), or anything else? Ready to enter? Please see our Entry Instructions. For any further information, call us at 0191 204 8860 or email competitions@mslexia.co.uk. 1. How many winners will get prize money? A. Three. B. Four. C. Sixteen. D. Twenty. 2. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Submitting two poems. B. Visiting Entry Instructions. C. Writing a poem of 120 words. D. Mailing your entry on April 1. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a textbook. B. In an art magazine. C. On a website. D. In a local newspaper. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要为2024年女子诗歌比赛做广告，鼓励大家积极参与。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Prizes”下面的“1st: £2,000; 2nd: £500; 3rd: £250 (Each prize goes for one person.)(第一名：2000英镑；第二名：500英镑；第三名：250英镑（一人一奖。）)”和“Unpublished Poetry Prize for the best poem by a previously unknown poet: £250.(未出版的诗歌奖，以表彰一位以前名不见经传的诗人的最佳诗歌：250英镑。)”可知，前三名和一位获得未出版诗歌奖的诗人将会获得奖金，总共有4个人。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Results”下面的“The deadline for all entries is 23:59 GMT, 6 March, 2024(所有参赛作品的截止日期为2024年3月6日格林尼治标准时间23:59)”可知，提交参赛作品的截止日期是2024年3月6日格林尼治标准时间23:59。由此可推测出，在4月1日发送作品无效。故选D。 【3题详解】 文章出处题。根据第一段中的“Welcome to Mslexia, the only magazine where every reader is a potential contributor too.(欢迎来到Mslexia，这是唯一一本每一位读者都是潜在贡献者的杂志。)”和最后一段中的“For any further information, call us at 0191 204 8860 or email competitions@mslexia.co.uk.(如需更多信息，请致电0191 204 8860或发送电子邮件至我们competitions@mslexia.co.uk。)”可知，文章开头提到这里是一个杂志，并在结尾留了联系电话和邮箱地址，由此可推测出，这篇文章可能出自一个杂志的网站。故选C。 B At 81 years old Jeanne Daprano is still pushing her body to the limit. She’s still running competitive races, breaking world records and taking on new challenges.“The thing I’m learning about aging is that it’s inevitable,” Daprano said.“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go:You can either press on or give up.” Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.“I was known as a running teacher,” she said.“I had my students do fitness before we studied in the morning and then throughout the day.”Then she began running competitively with 5K and 10K road races before moving to the track. She is now the world record holder in the women’s 75-year-old age group 400 meters and 800 meters. “When I get to the final fi nish line, I want this body to be worn out. I’m not doing this to live to be 100. I’m doing this to be the best I can be today.” After moving to Atlanta about a decade ago, Daprano met fitness trainer David Buer. Ever since, she’s been coming to his gym, where he tailors workouts for Daprano’s specifc needs.“When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,”Buer said.“I’ve worked with other individuals of Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion—not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.” Last February, Daprano took on a new challenge: her first indoor rowing competition. In classic fashion, she broke the world record in the 80-to-84 age group, rowing 2,000 meters in 9:23:7. For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about? How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit? Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else. 4. What does the underlined word“inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Invisible. B. Abnormal. C. Impossible. D. Unavoidable. 5. Daprano started her life as a runner when ________. A. working at a primary school B. taking fitness training classes C. volunteering in a 5K road race D. moving to Atlanta 6. What might be Buer’s first impression of Daprano? A. She was a qualified teacher. B. She was an unusual woman. C. She was too old to run a race. D. She was hard to get along with. 7. What does Daprano suggest we do? A. Run right now. B. Live and learn. C. Follow your heart. D. Be a good listener. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。81岁的Jeanne Daprano仍然在突破身体的极限，她参加竞技比赛，打破世界纪录，接受新的挑战。文章介绍了她如何开始跑步并描述了她对运动的热爱。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go: You can either press on or give up.（我不会逃避。你有两种选择：要么坚持下去，要么放弃。）”可以推测，Jeanne Daprano认为衰老是一个不可避免的过程，她无法逃避，只有两种选择，要么坚持，要么放弃。inevitable与unavoidable为近义词。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.（Daprano在爱荷华州长大。后来，她搬到了加州。作为一名小学教师，她开始跑步以跟上她的学生。）”可知，当在一所小学工作时，Daprano开始了她的跑步生涯。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,’Buer said. ‘I’ve worked with other individuals Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion — not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.’（布尔说:“她来找我的时候已经快70岁了。”“我和其他和珍妮同龄的人一起工作过，但她带着不同的目标来找我。她有一种独特的动力和激情——不仅仅是对健身或运动的激情，而是对生活的激情。”）”可知，当Buer第一次见到Daprano时，他认为她是与众不同的。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about? How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit? Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else.（对于那些希望开始保持身材或长期保持身材的人，她提供了这样的建议：倾听你的身体。你对什么有热情？你将如何保持身体健康和精神健康？ 从你所在的地方开始。不要向前看，也不要拿自己和别人比较。）”可知，Daprano建议我们跟随自己的内心做出选择。故选C。 C Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition? A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.” But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper. Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University. But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said. According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added. 8. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production. 9. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common? A. They have high cholesterol. B. They hardly suffer heart attacks. C. They are easily genetically modified. D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans. 10. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports? A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. 11. Why do alligators have no heart attacks? A. Their blood vessels are quite strong. B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers. C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’. D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于动物是否会患心脏病的一些研究和一些专家的看法。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。本句中and前后表示顺承，根据and前的“a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked(向心脏输送含氧血液的血管堵塞)”可知，运送含氧血液的血管堵塞。由此推知，这会导致心脏缺氧，一部分心脏组织会坏死。划线词deprivation表示“缺少”，和lack的意思最为接近。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper.(例如，狗很少发生心脏病发作。黑猩猩不仅与人类关系密切，而且有相似的心脏病风险因素，但即使是黑猩猩也没有心脏病发作。根据2009年的一篇论文，即使是在老鼠和兔子身上，通过基因改造使它们具有高胆固醇和血脂，以诱发动脉粥样硬化和其他人类疾病，实际的心脏病发作也很少发生)”可知，本段列举的这些动物的共同点是：它们很少患心脏病。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question.(尽管之前有报告称其他动物大多不会患心脏病，但事实是，还没有很多实验来研究这个问题)”可知，先前关于动物是否会患心脏病的报告并没有进行很多实验去论证。接着用Tomasz Owerkowicz的话“You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks(你可以观察到动物突然死亡，但你很少会真正寻找死亡原因。我们只是不知道它们是否患有心脏病)”来支持这一观点。由此推知，Tomasz Owerkowicz对之前的研究报告持怀疑态度。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels(在它们的心脏里，你可以找到血管；而且它们有海绵状组织，周围有很多血液，这些血液不一定来自血管)”可知，血管可以给心脏供血，而且海绵状组织周围也有其他地方的可以给心脏供血。由此推知，短吻鳄不会患心脏病的原因是，它们心脏中的血液有多种来源。故选D。 D In the U. S., people eat more protein than they need to, which might not be bad for human health, but does pose a problem for the country’s waterways. The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water. Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. The researchers found that the majority of nitrogen pollution present in wastewater—some 67 to 100 precent—is a by-product of water people consume. Once it enters the environment, the nitrogen can have a series of ecological impacts. It helps algae grow much faster than they would normally, which is harmful to humans, other animals and plants. And when the algae eventually die, the problem is not over. Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans. Although it is possible to treat algal blooms, many of the current methods are not always effective at getting rid of all of the harmful growth. Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. So the best strategy for dealing with the effects of nitrogen pollution is prevention, says Patricia Glibert, an ocean scientist at the University of Maryland. Almaraz and her team suggest that controlling nitrogen pollution could be approached more quickly with a change in eating habits that could save billions of dollars in the long term. 12. Which aspect of Americans’ diet does Almaraz’s research focus on ? A. Its variety. B. Its effect. C. Its make-up. D. Its amount. 13. What causes “dead zones” in the water? A. No oxygen for many species. B. Death of lots of healthy algae. C. Microorganisms’overconsumption of nutrients. D. Poisonous chemicals released by harmful algae. 14. What is the problem with current algal bloom treatment methods? A. They are costly. B. They may kill all algae. C. They are slow to take effect. D. They may cause secondary pollution. 15. What does the text mainly tell us? A. It is high time to treat wild algae growth. B. Eating too much protein harms the planet. C. Prevention is better than cure in treating air pollution. D. Researchers find solutions to the wastewater problem. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.(这个国家的废水中含有蛋白质消化的残余物:氮化合物(氯)，它们会滋生有害的藻华(藻华)，污染空气和饮用水。)”以及第二段中“Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. (加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队想知道，由于蛋白质含量高的饮食，有多少氯化合物进入了美国的废水系统。)”可知，加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队研究关注的是美国人饮食由于蛋白质含量高，美国的水道中含有蛋白质消化的残余物：氯化合物，该物质对生物、空气和饮用水等造成了影响，故阿尔玛拉兹研究关注的是美国人饮食造成的影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans.(以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，导致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死区”，许多物种根本无法在那里生存。)”可知，以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，导致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死区”即许多物种没有氧气。导致了“死区”的出现。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. (其中一些方法甚至会导致额外的污染。)”可知，当前的一些处理方法容易造成额外污染即二次污染。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段信息“The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.( 这个国家的废水中含有蛋白质消化的残余物:氮化合物(氯)，它们会滋生有害的藻华(藻华)，污染空气和饮用水。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。B选项“Eating too much protein harms the planet.( 摄入过多的蛋白质对地球有害。)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The classroom environment offers many ways to include fun and laughter into a potentially dull routine, and effective educators make the most of these opportunities.___16___. Lighten up the atmosphere Humour can be used to enrich literacy skills,spark creativity, teach critical analysis or just lighten the mood in the classroom.___17___. Make fun of yourself and your mistakes.This can make students smile and has the added benefit of showing students that teachers are human.Use current music and sports subjects in teaching examples to engage students and introduce a fun cultural reference into the usually somber atmosphere of school. Use humour in the media ___18___. Take advantage of political cartoons to analyse historical events or trends and begin a debate. Humorous authors and reporters in the media can be used as models for writing jobs or oral presentations. ___19___ Children can fill in the words the cartoon characters might say, and then transfer those actual words into a story using quotation marks. Comics also can be used to teach literary devices such as puns, metaphors and symbolism. Children can create their own comics combining imagery from word pairs, a cartoon mouse using a computer mouse,for instance. The learning benefits of humour ___20___. Humour is found to be an important entryway into improving social connections with others. Brains might be able to be trained to interpret a difficult situation in a humorous way in order to help the body cope with stressful circumstances. A. Keep a cartoon and joke file B. Young students laugh in a classroom C. Include happy remarks throughout lessons D. Find humour from the behaviour of students E. Humour is a kind of daily show for teachers F. Humour can improve learning and strengthen memories G. Newspapers provide points for issues on current events 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老师怎样在教学中利用幽默来提高教学效果。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The classroom environment offers many ways to include fun and laughter into a potentially dull routine, and effective educators make the most of these opportunities. (课堂环境提供了许多方法，可以将乐趣和笑声纳入可能枯燥乏味的日常生活，有效的教育者可以充分利用这些机会)”可知，教室是学生们发出笑声的地方，选项承接上文，故B选项“年轻的学生在教室里大笑”符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 由小标题“Lighten up the atmosphere (点亮气氛)”和空后“Make fun of yourself and your mistakes. (取笑你自己和你的错误)”可知，C选项“在整个课程中加入快乐的话语”承接上文讲在教室里教师们利用幽默需要做的活跃教室气氛的做法。故选C项。 【18题详解】 G选项“报纸为时事新闻提供观点”与小标题“Use humour in the media (在媒体中使用幽默)”相呼应，G选项中的Newspapers也属于媒体的一种。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由下文“Children can fill in the words the cartoon characters might say, and then transfer those actual words into a story using quotation marks. Comics also can be used to teach literary devices such as puns, metaphors and symbolism. Children can create their own comics combining imagery from word pairs, a cartoon mouse using a computer mouse, for instance. (孩子们可以填写卡通人物可能会说的单词，然后用引号将这些实际单词转换成故事。漫画也可以用来教授文学手法，如双关语、隐喻和象征。孩子们可以结合单词对的图像创作自己的漫画，例如使用电脑鼠标的卡通鼠标)”可知，该空考查段落主题句，本段主要介绍了教师可以利用卡通漫画来帮助学生学到知识，A选项“保存卡通和笑话文件”切题，概括本段内容。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由小标题“The learning benefits of humour (幽默的学习益处)”和空后“Humour is found to be an important entryway into improving social connections with others. Brains might be able to be trained to interpret a difficult situation in a humorous way in order to help the body cope with stressful circumstances. (幽默被发现是改善与他人的社会关系的重要切入点。大脑也许能够接受训练，以幽默的方式解释困难的情况，以帮助身体应对紧张的环境)”可知，本段主要描述了幽默的学习益处，承接上下文，F选项“幽默可以改善学习，增强记忆”是幽默学习益处的具体方面。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For as long as I can remember, I’ve been part of a team of some sort of extracurricular (课外的) sport. I started swimming at a young age and then I was ____21____ to water polo (水球). Water polo is a ____22____ sport. We grow together, we hang out together, and we succeed together. ____23____ in this sport depends on the successes of each other rather than the success of the ____24____. This is important because we all realize that ____25____ we can grow fast alone, we grow more and get closer to our goals ____26____. I was never good when I first started a sport. To be honest, it was ____27____ when I first started playing water polo. My coach has always ____28____ me. She once said that we’re never going to be ____29____ at first and that’s okay because we can always get better. And get better? I did. No matter how ____30____ I got I noticed that there was always somewhere I was lacking and somewhere I could ____31____. Being an athlete is ____32____. You have to wake up early every day. You have to ____33____ yourself every day. You have to balance your life outside of sport. But for me, ____34____ is never an option. I knew that simply throwing in the towel would cause me to be filled with great regret. So don’t let hard work ____35____ your desire to become someone greater than you are today. 21. A. called B. directed C. invited D. introduced 22. A. club B. family C. team D. school 23. A. Interest B. Success C. Experience D. Participation 24. A. individual B. coach C. organization D. industry 25. A. until B. although C. since D. once 26. A. together B. patiently C. properly D. alone 27. A. different B. strange C. horrible D. cool 28. A. protected B. impressed C. surprised D. encouraged 29. A. good B. famous C. helpful D. important 30. A. tired B. lucky C. special D. skilled 31. A. share B. discover C. improve D. know 32. A. serious B. hard C. practical D. useful 33. A. push B. express C. save D. ask 34. A. showing off B. giving up C. turning over D. standing out 35. A. control B. balance C. support D. overcome 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从事水球运动，这项运动的成功取决于彼此的成功，而不是个人的成功。作者克服困难，不断坚持就是为了成为比今天更伟大的人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很小就开始游泳，后来又接触了水球。A. called呼叫；B. directed指导；C. invited邀请；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“I started swimming at a young age and then I was”指作者接触到了水球运动，为短语be introduced to表示“被介绍给：被引荐或介绍给某人认识或了解”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：水球一项团队运动。A. club俱乐部；B. family家庭；C. team队伍；D. school学校。根据后文“We grow together, we hang out together, and we succeed together.(我们一起成长，一起玩耍，一起成功)”可知，水球是一项团队运动。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项运动的成功取决于彼此的成功，而不是个人的成功。A. Interest兴趣；B. Success成功；C. Experience经历；D. Participation参加。根据后文“depends on the successes of each other”指这项运动的成功取决于彼此的成功，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项运动的成功取决于彼此的成功，而不是个人的成功。A. individual个人；B. coach教练；C. organization组织；D. industry工厂。根据上文“depends on the successes of each other”指这项运动的成功取决于彼此的成功，而不是个人的成功。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：这很重要，因为我们都意识到，虽然我们可以独自成长得很快，但我们会成长得更多，一起更接近我们的目标。A. until直到；B. although虽然；C. since自从；D. once曾经。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这很重要，因为我们都意识到，虽然我们可以独自成长得很快，但我们会成长得更多，一起更接近我们的目标。A. together一起；B. patiently耐心地；C. properly正确地；D. alone单独地。呼应上文“We grow together, we hang out together, and we succeed together.”指一起接近目标。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我刚开始打水球的时候感觉很糟糕。A. different不同的；B. strange奇怪的；C. horrible可怕的；D. cool凉爽的。根据上文“I was never good when I first started a sport.(我刚开始做一项运动的时候从来都不擅长)”可知，刚开始打水球的时候感觉很糟糕。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的教练总是鼓励我。A. protected保护；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. surprised使惊讶；D. encouraged鼓舞。根据后文“that’s okay because we can always get better.(没关系，因为我们总能变得更好)”可知，教练鼓励作者。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她曾经说过，我们一开始永远不会那么好，这没关系，因为我们总是可以变得更好。A. good好的；B. famous出名的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. important重要的。呼应上文“I was never good”指一开始没那么好。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论我的技术有多熟练，我都注意到总有我欠缺的地方和我需要改进的地方。A. tired疲惫的；B. lucky幸运的；C. special特别的；D. skilled熟练的。根据后文“I noticed that there was always somewhere I was lacking”可知，即使技术熟练了，也总有欠缺的地方。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我技术有多熟练，我都注意到总有我欠缺的地方和我需要改进的地方。A. share分享；B. discover发现；C. improve改善；D. know知道。根据上文“there was always somewhere I was lacking and somewhere I”可知，指总有欠缺的地方和需要改进的地方。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成为一名运动员很难。A. serious严肃的；B. hard困难的；C. practical实际的；D. useful有用的。根据后文“You have to wake up early every day.”可知，你每天都得早起，做一名运动员是很困难的。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你必须每天敦促自己。A. push敦促，推；B. express表达；C. save拯救；D. ask询问。根据后文“yourself every day”成为运动员要自我敦促。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是对我来说，放弃从来都不是一种选择。A. showing off炫耀；B. giving up放弃；C. turning over翻转；D. standing out突出。根据后文“I knew that simply throwing in the towel would cause me to be filled with great regret.(我知道，仅仅是认输就会让我充满巨大的遗憾)”可知，对作者来说，放弃从来都不是一种选择。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，不要让艰苦的工作战胜你的愿望，成为比现在更伟大的人。A. control控制；B. balance平衡；C. support支持；D. overcome克服，战胜。根据后文“your desire to become someone greater than you are today”可知，作者不认输，努力成为运动员，因此建议不要让艰苦的工作战胜你的愿望，成为比现在更伟大的人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A concrete bookstore in Wisdom Bay innovation park in Shanghai is the first 3D-printed in China. It opened ____36____ the public in March, 2021. The bookstore consists of three parts, one of ____37____ is the area of about 30 square meters, ____38____ (accommodate) at most 15 people inside at a time. Different from simple works such as a 3D-printed flower basin, the bookstore is ____39____ innovative attempt in the architecture field. Besides saving time, the 3D-printed architecture is ____40____ (cheap) in comparison with buildings using conventional ____41____ (technique) as well. In addition, ____42____ (it) use of fiber concrete is unique, which strengthens the earthquake ____43____ (resist). Experts say it is as safe as any traditional concrete construction ____44____ (base) on the experimental data. Up to now, many similar researches on 3D-printed concrete technology _____45_____ (conduct) in France, Switzerland and Russia. But China’s research and achievements in this field are among the best in the world. 【答案】36. to 37. which 38. accommodating 39. an 40. cheaper 41. techniques 42. its 43. resistance 44. based 45. have been conducted 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。上海智慧湾创新园区的一家混凝土书店是中国首家3D打印书店。文章对这种3D打印建筑进行了介绍。 【36题详解】 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：它于2021年3月向公众开放。表示“对……开放”应用open to，为固定搭配。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：书店由三个部分组成，其中一个是面积约30平方米，一次最多可容纳15人。非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of的宾语，且先行词为three parts，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：书店由三个部分组成，其中一个是面积约30平方米，一次最多可容纳15人。动词accommodate意为“容纳”，和谓语动词is之间没有连词，且和one of which构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填accommodating。 【39题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：不同于3D打印花盆等简单的作品，书店是建筑领域的一次创新尝试。此处第一次提到attempt，所以应是泛指，用不定冠词。innovative的开头发音为元音。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：除了节省时间，3D打印建筑也比使用传统技术的建筑更便宜。根据“in comparison with”可知，此处应用形容词比较级作表语。故填cheaper。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：除了节省时间，3D打印建筑也比使用传统技术的建筑更便宜。technique意为“技术”，为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，此处表示泛指应用复数。故填techniques。 【42题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：此外，其纤维混凝土的使用是独特的，增强了抗震能力。修饰名词use应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，其纤维混凝土的使用是独特的，增强了抗震能力。在动词strengthen后应用名词作宾语。名词resistance意为“抵抗力”。故填resistance。 【44题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：专家表示，根据实验数据，它和任何传统的混凝土建筑一样安全。动词base意为“以……为基础”，和谓语动词is之间没有连词，和主句构成被动关系。故填based。 【45题详解】 考查现在完成时和被动语态。句意：到目前为止，法国、瑞士、俄罗斯等国家已经开展了许多类似的3D打印混凝土技术研究。根据Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词conduct意为“实施”，和主语researches构成被动关系。故填have been conducted。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是班长李华，你班计划与新西兰姊妹学校的某班级在线共上一堂介绍本国音乐文化的交流课。请你代表班级写封邮件给对方班长Hans，内容包括： 1.交流的内容和方式； 2.征求对方意见。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Hans, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Hans, I’m Li Hua, monitor of our class. We are all excited about the upcoming online lesson to introduce our native music culture. I’m writing to propose some ideas and confirm related details about it. The lesson is expected to promote our cultural exchange in an informative and effective way. So for our part, we are planning to adopt presentations and videos to introduce typical music styles including folk songs and pop music. As for the schedule, we wonder if it would be convenient for you to have the lesson on June 17, which is to begin at 1:00 pm (Beijing Time) and last 3 hours. Does our proposal work well on your side? Looking forward to your earliest reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是班长李华，你班计划与新西兰姊妹学校的某班级在线共上一堂介绍本国音乐文化的交流课。请你代表班级写封邮件给对方班长Hans，告知的内容和方式，并征求对方意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 促进：promote→improve 开始：begin→start 有关的：related→relevant 本土的：native→local 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The lesson is expected to promote our cultural exchange in an informative and effective way. So for our part, we are planning to adopt presentations and videos to introduce typical music styles including folk songs and pop music. 拓展句：Since the lesson is expected to promote our cultural exchange in an informative and effective way, we are planning to adopt presentations and videos to introduce typical music styles including folk songs and pop music. 【点睛】[高分句型1]So for our part, we are planning to adopt presentations and videos to introduce typical music styles including folk songs and pop music.(运用现在进行时) [高分句型2] As for the schedule, we wonder if it would be convenient for you to have the lesson on June 17, which is to begin at 1:00 pm (Beijing Time) and last 3 hours. (运用了if引导宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone. “Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me? Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠). “I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa. “Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for aside hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside. Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake? I wondered. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me. “Look who’s here!” my dad exclaimed with a smile, holding Rosa with a baby basket. The yellow flowers in my hand seemed to glow even brighter as I gazed at the beautiful little girl. I couldn’t help recalling what my aunt told me. I knew that it would take time for me to adjust to sharing my parents’ attention and my old room, but I was determined to be the best big sister I could be. Then I carefully arranged the yellow flowers into a small bouquet and handed it to my mom with a smile. “These are for you and Dad, and also for Rosa,” I said, feeling the warmth in my chest that had been missing earlier. Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket. Her big blue eyes were open, taking in the world around her. As I watched my little sister, I couldn’t help but feel a sense of wonder and amazement at how perfect she was. I gently picked her up and held her close, feeling her warmth and breathing in the sweet scent of her hair. I knew that from now on, my life would never be the same. I would no longer be the center of attention, and I would have to share my parents with this beautiful little creature. But as I looked into Rosa’s eyes, I knew that it was all worth it. She was my family, and I loved her more than anything in the world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和姑姑去她的花店里帮忙，因为有了一个小妹妹，她那间装满玩具和书的小房子被改造成了妹妹的婴儿房，她感到自己的空间，自己过去的生活，都消失了，为此她很沮丧，后来在姑姑的引导下，逐渐释怀的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，我看见两个熟悉的身影向我走来。”可知，第一段可描写作者的父母带着她的妹妹来找她及她的思想变化。 ②由第二段首句内容“罗莎在野餐毯旁边的婴儿筐里完全醒着。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妹妹罗莎的可爱样子及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：父母来找作者——作者看着可爱的妹妹，想起姑姑的话——作者的思想变化，要做一个好姐姐——给父母送花——看着可爱的妹妹——思想认识上再次得到提升 3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达） 行为类 ①望着：gaze at/look at ②适应：adjust/adapt ③抱起：pick up/take up 情绪类 ①惊奇：wonder/ surprise ②爱：love/like 【点睛】[高分句型1] The yellow flowers in my hand seemed to glow even brighter as I gazed at the beautiful little girl. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] “These are for you and Dad, and also for Rosa,” I said, feeling a warmth in my chest that had been missing earlier. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型3] I knew that from now on, my life would never be the same. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 1-5AABBC 6-10BBBCB 11-15AABCC 16-20CBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语12月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Salesman and customer. 2.What does the woman want to do? A. Have a rest. B. Dance with the man. C. Practice dancing for another hour. 3. What time does the woman’s watch show? A.7: 50. B.7: 30. C.7: 20. 4 Who will go back home late tonight? A. The kids. B. The woman. C. The man. 5. What does the man mean? A. He is very full. B. He wants to control weight. C. He dislikes the food. 第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Mike mostly play? A.Center back. B. Right wing. C. Left back. 7. Why does the woman ask about a football player? A. She plans to learn football. B. She is preparing for schoolwork. C. She will play a football game. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What was wrong with the woman’s car? A. Its battery was flat. B. Its petrol was used up. C. It was too old to drive. 9. What is the woman going to do? A. Buy a new car. B. Recharge the battery at home. C. Return the battery to the shop. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where will the man be at 11: 00 this morning? A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant. 11. What will the man probably be doing at 2: 00 this afternoon? A. Having a meeting. B. Receiving a guest. C. Reading a report. 12 When will the woman see the man? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. This noon. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the woman probably? A. A bank manager. B. A restaurant owner. C. A land agent. 14. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To save $40,000. B. To answer questions. C. To borrow some money. 15 Where does the man intend to set up his business? A. In Lincoln Road. B. Next to the bank. C. In his grandmother’s house. 16. What does the woman think is a must for the man to set up his business? A. The location. B. His future plans. C. Enough customers. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What kind of people are “early birds”? A. Those who get up at 10: 30 am. B. Those who go to bed around 9: 30 pm. C. Those who go to bed around 11: 00 pm. 18. When do most teenagers go to bed? A. Around 9: 00 pm. B. Around 10: 00 pm. C. Around midnight or later. 19. How many teenagers can sleep enough according to the text? A. One-fifth. B. Two-fifths. C. One-fourth. 20. What do we know about night owls from the text? A. They get good grades at school. B. They get worse jobs than early birds. C. They do better on some intelligence tests. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women’s Poetry Competition 2024 Welcome to Mslexia, the only magazine where every reader is a potential contributor too. Almost every part of the magazine is open to submission by any woman writer. Our competition is open to unpublished poems of any length. Your £10 entry fee allows you to submit up to three poems. The judge this year is the outstanding and award-winning writer Pascale Petit. Prizes 1st: £2,000; 2nd: £500; 3rd: £250 (Each prize goes for one person.) Unpublished Poetry Prize for the best poem by a previously unknown poet: £250. The four winners, plus sixteen additional finalists will have their poems published in the May issue of Mslexia. Results The deadline for all entries is 23:59 GMT, 6 March, 2024 The winners and finalists will be announced on 1 April, 2024 How to enter Add the entry fee to your basket and go to the checkout. Once the order is completed, you’ll be taken to a submit page where the entry form is located. Click the “Enter Now” button. You can submit at a later date by typing into your Mslexia online account and going to the “competitions” bill. Visit our Entry Instructions for a more comprehensive guide on how to enter, and be sure to read our Rules before submitting your entries. Frequently-asked questions Have a question about formatting, eligibility(资格), or anything else? Ready to enter? Please see our Entry Instructions. For any further information, call us at 0191 204 8860 or email competitions@mslexia.co.uk. 1. How many winners will get prize money? A. Three. B. Four. C. Sixteen. D. Twenty. 2. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Submitting two poems. B. Visiting Entry Instructions. C. Writing a poem of 120 words. D. Mailing your entry on April 1. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a textbook. B. In an art magazine. C. On a website. D. In a local newspaper. B At 81 years old, Jeanne Daprano is still pushing her body to the limit. She’s still running competitive races, breaking world records and taking on new challenges.“The thing I’m learning about aging is that it’s inevitable,” Daprano said.“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go:You can either press on or give up.” Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.“I was known as a running teacher,” she said.“I had my students do fitness before we studied in the morning and then throughout the day.”Then she began running competitively with 5K and 10K road races before moving to the track. She is now the world record holder in the women’s 75-year-old age group 400 meters and 800 meters. “When I get to the final fi nish line, I want this body to be worn out. I’m not doing this to live to be 100. I’m doing this to be the best I can be today.” After moving to Atlanta about a decade ago, Daprano met fitness trainer David Buer. Ever since, she’s been coming to his gym, where he tailors workouts for Daprano’s specifc needs.“When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,”Buer said.“I’ve worked with other individuals of Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion—not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.” Last February, Daprano took on a new challenge: her first indoor rowing competition. In classic fashion, she broke the world record in the 80-to-84 age group, rowing 2,000 meters in 9:23:7. For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about? How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit? Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else. 4. What does the underlined word“inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Invisible. B. Abnormal. C. Impossible. D. Unavoidable. 5. Daprano started her life as a runner when ________. A. working at a primary school B. taking fitness training classes C. volunteering in a 5K road race D. moving to Atlanta 6. What might be Buer’s first impression of Daprano? A. She was a qualified teacher. B. She was an unusual woman. C She was too old to run a race. D. She was hard to get along with. 7. What does Daprano suggest we do? A. Run right now. B. Live and learn. C. Follow your heart. D. Be a good listener. C Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition? A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.” But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper. Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University. But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said. According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added. 8. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production. 9. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common? A. They have high cholesterol. B. They hardly suffer heart attacks. C. They are easily genetically modified. D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans. 10. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports? A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. 11. Why do alligators have no heart attacks? A. Their blood vessels are quite strong. B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers. C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’. D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources. D In the U. S., people eat more protein than they need to, which might not be bad for human health, but does pose a problem for the country’s waterways. The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water. Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. The researchers found that the majority of nitrogen pollution present in wastewater—some 67 to 100 precent—is a by-product of water people consume. Once it enters the environment, the nitrogen can have a series of ecological impacts. It helps algae grow much faster than they would normally, which is harmful to humans, other animals and plants. And when the algae eventually die, the problem is not over. Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans. Although it is possible to treat algal blooms, many of the current methods are not always effective at getting rid of all of the harmful growth. Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. So the best strategy for dealing with the effects of nitrogen pollution is prevention, says Patricia Glibert, an ocean scientist at the University of Maryland. Almaraz and her team suggest that controlling nitrogen pollution could be approached more quickly with a change in eating habits that could save billions of dollars in the long term. 12. Which aspect of Americans’ diet does Almaraz’s research focus on ? A. Its variety. B. Its effect. C. Its make-up. D. Its amount. 13. What causes “dead zones” in the water? A. No oxygen for many species. B. Death of lots of healthy algae. C. Microorganisms’overconsumption of nutrients. D. Poisonous chemicals released by harmful algae. 14. What is the problem with current algal bloom treatment methods? A. They are costly. B. They may kill all algae. C They are slow to take effect. D. They may cause secondary pollution. 15. What does the text mainly tell us? A. It is high time to treat wild algae growth. B. Eating too much protein harms the planet. C. Prevention is better than cure in treating air pollution. D. Researchers find solutions to the wastewater problem. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The classroom environment offers many ways to include fun and laughter into a potentially dull routine, and effective educators make the most of these opportunities.___16___. Lighten up the atmosphere Humour can be used to enrich literacy skills,spark creativity, teach critical analysis or just lighten the mood in the classroom.___17___. Make fun of yourself and your mistakes.This can make students smile and has the added benefit of showing students that teachers are human.Use current music and sports subjects in teaching examples to engage students and introduce a fun cultural reference into the usually somber atmosphere of school. Use humour in the media ___18___. Take advantage of political cartoons to analyse historical events or trends and begin a debate. Humorous authors and reporters in the media can be used as models for writing jobs or oral presentations. ___19___ Children can fill in the words the cartoon characters might say, and then transfer those actual words into a story using quotation marks. Comics also can be used to teach literary devices such as puns, metaphors and symbolism. Children can create their own comics combining imagery from word pairs, a cartoon mouse using a computer mouse,for instance. The learning benefits of humour ___20___. Humour is found to be an important entryway into improving social connections with others. Brains might be able to be trained to interpret a difficult situation in a humorous way in order to help the body cope with stressful circumstances. A. Keep a cartoon and joke file B. Young students laugh in a classroom C. Include happy remarks throughout lessons D. Find humour from the behaviour of students E. Humour is a kind of daily show for teachers F. Humour can improve learning and strengthen memories G. Newspapers provide points for issues on current events 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For as long as I can remember, I’ve been part of a team of some sort of extracurricular (课外的) sport. I started swimming at a young age and then I was ____21____ to water polo (水球). Water polo is a ____22____ sport. We grow together, we hang out together, and we succeed together. ____23____ in this sport depends on the successes of each other rather than the success of the ____24____. This is important because we all realize that ____25____ we can grow fast alone, we grow more and get closer to our goals ____26____. I was never good when I first started a sport. To be honest, it was ____27____ when I first started playing water polo. My coach has always ____28____ me. She once said that we’re never going to be ____29____ at first and that’s okay because we can always get better. And get better? I did. No matter how ____30____ I got I noticed that there was always somewhere I was lacking and somewhere I could ____31____. Being an athlete is ____32____. You have to wake up early every day. You have to ____33____ yourself every day. You have to balance your life outside of sport. But for me, ____34____ is never an option. I knew that simply throwing in the towel would cause me to be filled with great regret. So don’t let hard work ____35____ your desire to become someone greater than you are today. 21. A. called B. directed C. invited D. introduced 22. A. club B. family C. team D. school 23. A. Interest B. Success C. Experience D. Participation 24. A. individual B. coach C. organization D. industry 25. A. until B. although C. since D. once 26. A. together B. patiently C. properly D. alone 27. A. different B. strange C. horrible D. cool 28. A. protected B. impressed C. surprised D. encouraged 29. A. good B. famous C. helpful D. important 30. A. tired B. lucky C. special D. skilled 31. A. share B. discover C. improve D. know 32. A. serious B. hard C. practical D. useful 33. A. push B. express C. save D. ask 34. A. showing off B. giving up C. turning over D. standing out 35. A. control B. balance C. support D. overcome 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A concrete bookstore in Wisdom Bay innovation park in Shanghai is the first 3D-printed in China. It opened ____36____ the public in March, 2021. The bookstore consists of three parts, one of ____37____ is the area of about 30 square meters, ____38____ (accommodate) at most 15 people inside at a time. Different from simple works such as a 3D-printed flower basin, the bookstore is ____39____ innovative attempt in the architecture field. Besides saving time, the 3D-printed architecture is ____40____ (cheap) in comparison with buildings using conventional ____41____ (technique) as well. In addition, ____42____ (it) use of fiber concrete is unique, which strengthens the earthquake ____43____ (resist). Experts say it is as safe as any traditional concrete construction ____44____ (base) on the experimental data. Up to now, many similar researches on 3D-printed concrete technology _____45_____ (conduct) in France, Switzerland and Russia. But China’s research and achievements in this field are among the best in the world. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是班长李华，你班计划与新西兰姊妹学校的某班级在线共上一堂介绍本国音乐文化的交流课。请你代表班级写封邮件给对方班长Hans，内容包括： 1.交流的内容和方式； 2.征求对方意见。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Hans, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone. “Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me? Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠). “I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa. “Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for aside hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside. Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake? I wondered. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5AABBC 6-10BBBCB 11-15AABCC 16-20CBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$