2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)

2025-02-14
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陕西灰犀牛图书策划有限公司
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英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题二 名词 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空 (3年5考:真题除2024年外,每年1~2道, 2024省一模51题,2023省一模51题; 涉及题型:语法填空、2022写作第一节) 2 考点精讲 用所给名词的适当形式填空主要涉及:①名词单数变复数;②名词变 形容词。 3 考向 1 名词变复数(3年4考) 1. 填复数的判定方法(见本专题命题点 名词的数) 2. 变形方法 (1)规则变化 类别 构成方法 示例 一般情况 加-s rule→ ① ______ friend→ ② ________ hand→ ③ _______ rules friends hands 4 类别 构成方法 示例 以字母s, x, sh, ch 结尾的词 加-es box→ ④ _______ class→ ⑤ _______ brush→ ⑥ ________ watch→ ⑦ _________ 特例:stomach→ ⑧ __________ 以辅音字 母加 y 结 尾的词 变 y 为i,再 加 -es century→ ⑨ _________ country→ ⑩ __________ baby→ ⑪ _______ lady→ ⑫ _______ boxes classes brushes watches stomachs centuries countries babies ladies 5 类别 构成方法 示例 以f或fe结 尾的词 变f或fe为 v,再加-es leaf→ ⑬ _______ knife→ ⑭ _______ shelf→ ⑮ ________ wife→ ⑯ ______ 特例:roof→ ⑰ ______ belief→ ⑱ _______ leaves knives shelves wives roofs beliefs 6 类别 构成方法 示例 以o结尾 的词 有生命的加 -es tomato→ ⑲ _________ potato→ ⑳ _________ hero→ ㉑ _______ 特例:bamboo→ ㉒ _________ 无生命的加 -s photo→ ㉓ _______ piano→ ㉔ _______ radio→ ㉕ _______ zoo→ ㉖ _____ tomatoes potatoes heroes bamboos photos pianos radios zoos 7 (2)不规则变化 构成方法 示例 a→e型 man→ ㉗ _____ woman→ ㉘ ________ fireman→ ㉙ ________ postman→ ㉚ _________ gentleman→ ㉛ ___________ policeman→ ㉜ __________ policewoman→ ㉝ _____________ 特例:human→ ㉞ _________ men women firemen postmen gentlemen policemen policewomen humans 8 构成方法 示例 oo→ee型 foot→ ㉟ _____ tooth→ ㊱ ______ 特例:boot→boots feet teeth 9 构成方法 示例 “某国人”变化 口诀 ①中日永不变 Chinese→ ㊲ _________ Japanese→ ㊳ __________ ②英法a变e Englishman→ ㊴ ____________ Frenchman→ ㊵ ___________ Chinese Japanese Englishmen Frenchmen 10 构成方法 示例 “某国人”变化 口诀 ③其余s加后面 African→ ㊶ _________ American→ ㊷ ___________ Asian→ ㊸ _______ Australian→ ㊹ ____________ Canadian→ ㊺ ___________ European→ ㊻ ___________ German→ ㊼ __________ Indian→ ㊽ ________ Italian→ ㊾ ________ Korean→ ㊿ _________ Russian→ _________ Africans Americans Asians Australians Canadians Europeans Germans Indians Italians Koreans Russians 11 构成方法 示例 单复数同形 deer→ _____ sheep→ _______ 合成词:将 主体词变为 复数 passer-by→passers-by toothbrush→toothbrushes deer sheep 12 拓展 名词作定语时,其单复数的变化情况如下: 1. 被man/woman修饰的名词变复数时,需将该名词和man/woman均变为复 数形式。如: a man doctor→two men doctors a woman teacher→two women teachers 2. 被其他名词修饰的名词变复数时,只需把该名词变为复数。如: a girl student→two girl students a birthday gift→two birthday gifts 13 考向 2 名词变形容词(2023.47) 1. 填形容词的判定方法 (1)所填词位于名词前作定语; (2)所填词位于be动词后作表语; (3)所填词位于形容词短语中,其结构为:be动词+形容词+介词; (4)所填词位于感官动词和连系动词之后; 14 (5)所填词位于复合不定代词后作后置定语; (6)所填词位于定冠词the后表示一类人; (7)所填词位于固定句型It is + adj.(+ for/of sb.)+ to do sth. 和 make / keep / leave + sb. / sth. + adj.中; (8)所填词位于“形容词 + and / or + 形容词”结构中。 15 2. 变形方法 注意:以下变形中有的名词需要双写末尾字母或去掉末尾字母 e 或把末尾 字母 y 变为 i 再加后缀 构成方法 示例 n. + -y snow→ ① _______ cloud→ ② _______ health→ ③ ________ fun→ ④ _______ sun→ ⑤ _______ noise→ ⑥ ______ snowy cloudy healthy funny sunny noisy 16 构成方法 示例 n. + -ful use→ ⑦ _______ peace→ ⑧ _________ wonder→ ⑨ ___________ care→ ⑩ ________ success→ ⑪ __________ beauty→ ⑫ _________ n. + -less care→ ⑬ ________ meaning→ ⑭ ____________ use→ ⑮ _______ useful peaceful wonderful careful successful beautiful careless meaningless useless 17 构成方法 示例 n. + -al music→ ⑯ ________ education→ ⑰ ____________ person→ ⑱ _________ tradition→ ⑲ ___________ culture→ ⑳ _________ nature→ ㉑ ________ n. + -ly friend→ ㉒ _________ love→ ㉓ _______ week→ ㉔ ________ day→ ㉕ ______ musical educational personal traditional cultural natural friendly lovely weekly daily 18 构成方法 示例 n. + -ous danger→ ㉖ ___________ humor→ ㉗ __________ n. + -e(r)n east→ ㉘ ________ west→ ㉙ ________ gold→ ㉚ _______ wood→ ㉛ ________ dangerous humorous eastern western golden wooden 19 构成方法 示例 以-ence/-ance结 尾的名词,把 -ence/-ance变成 -ent/-ant confidence→ ㉜ _________ difference→㉝ _________ importance→㉞ __________ patience→㉟ ________ different important patient confident 20 构成方法 示例 表示国家的名词 变为表示国籍、 语言的形容词 America→ ㊱ __________ India→ ㊲ _______ Australia→ ㊳ ___________ China→ ㊴ _________ Japan→ ㊵ __________ Britain→ ㊶ ________ England→ ㊷ ________ 特殊变形 pride→ ㊸ _______ hunger→ ㊹ ________ truth→ ㊺ _____ American Indian Australian Chinese Japanese British English proud hungry true 21 考向 3 名词变名词 1. 填名词的判定方法(见本书P77) 2. 初中常见的名词变名词 art→ ① ______ tour→ ② _______ violin→ ③ _________ piano→ ④ ________ science→ ⑤ _________ music→ ⑥ _________ magic→ ⑦ __________ law→ ⑧ _______ friend→ ⑨ ___________ office→ ⑩ _______ artist tourist violinist pianist scientist musician magician lawyer friendship officer 22 考向 4 名词变名词所有格 1. 填名词所有格的判定方法 (1)空格处所填词和空格后的名词是一种所属关系; (2)空格处所填词是表示时间、距离、国家等无生命的词,空格后是名词。 2. 名词所有格的构成 名词所有格共有三种形式: 's所有格;of所有格;双重所有格。具体 情况如下: 23 (1)'s所有格 类别 构成方法 示例 单数名词 加's the boy's book your father's birthday a day's work China's capital 复数名词 不以 -s结尾 加's Children's Day 以 -s结尾 加' the girls' mom 表示几个人共同拥有 在最后一个名词后加's Lucy and Lily's father 24 类别 构成方法 示例 表示每个人各自拥有 在每个名词后加's Jenny's and Sara's teachers 注意 1. 表示诊所、某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时,所有格后面的 名词常省略。如: at Mary's 在玛丽家 go to the dentist's 去牙医诊所 2. 一些节日的表达用的是's所有格。如: New Year's Day 新年 Women's Day 妇女节 April Fools' Day 愚人节 Mother's Day 母亲节 Children's Day 儿童节 Father's Day 父亲节 Teachers' Day 教师节 26 (2)of 所有格 of 所有格的构成为:“名词 + of + 名词”,主要有以下两种用法: ①用于表示无生命事物的所有关系时,如:the owner of the schoolbag; ②用于表示有生命事物的所有关系时,特别是当这些所有者有较长的定语 时,如:the name of the girl in red。 27 考点精练 一、在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. People like to go camping on warm _______(sun) days in spring. 2. My grandfather likes collecting things, such as _________(watch) and coins. 3. Sam sticks to playing the violin and he dreams of being a _________ (violin) some day. 4. Guiyang is one of the most important center ______(city) in the southwest of China. sunny watches violinist cities 28 5. Dangerous things like _______(knife) and medicine should be kept out of children's reach. 6. Alice's room is tidy because she always puts away her _____(toy) after playing with them. 7. How brave the two young _____(man) are! They saved the 8-year- old girl from a big fire. 8. When we learn some new words, we should use them as much as possible in our ______(day) life. knives toys men daily 29 9. What a __________(success) speech Cathy has made after preparing for it for a long time! 10. Pandas are the symbol of peace and ___________(friend). They are China's national treasures. 11. The Lantern Festival is a ___________(tradition) Chinese festival, and it also marks the end of the Spring Festival. 12. Knowledge can help open up _________(student) eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. successful friendship traditional students' 30 二、语法填空 My hobby is collecting stickers(贴画). It is also one of the most popular 1. ________(hobby) among us. 2. _________(child) can enjoy this hobby because it is not expensive. I started collecting stickers when I was four years old. One day when I was playing in my 3. ___________(neighbor) house, he showed me his stacks of sticker albums(相册). I was amazed to see so many 4. __________(color) stickers of all shapes and sizes. He gave me a few pieces from his collection. My interest in stickers started from that day. hobbies Children neighbor's colorful 31 I kept my first set of stickers in a notebook but my subsequent (随后的) collections were kept in 5. _________(beauty) boxes. By keeping the stickers in 6. _______(box), I can exchange some of my stickers with my friends. After my family 7. __________(member) knew my hobby of collecting stickers, they began to buy stickers for me whenever they came across nice ones. I love those stickers from my cousin who is an air hostess. She bought them from different 8. __________(country) around the world. beautiful boxes members countries 32 During my free time, I will take out all my 9. _______(love) collections, lay them on the ground and enjoy them. I want to be an 10. ______(art) and keep collecting stickers when I grow up. They really bring me great happiness. lovely artist $$

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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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2.2 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT(练册)
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