2.1 命题点5 主谓一致-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT（练册）

英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点5 主谓一致 （3年3考：2023.53，2022.42，2024省一模47题； 涉及题型：语法填空、2022写作第一节） 2 考点精讲 在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持 一致，这就叫主谓一致。循其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则：语法一致原 则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 3 考向 1 语法一致原则（3年3考） 语法一致表示谓语动词与主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 主语 谓语 例句 不可数名词 单数 Water is important to everyone. 水对每个人都很重要。 可数名词单数及第三人 称单数 单数 The young man is from Paris. 那位年轻人来自巴黎。 复数名词、人称代词复 数及第二人称单数you 复数 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 那些孩子们两个小时前在教室里。 4 主语 谓语 例句 one of + 可数名词复数/ 复数代词 单数 One of the books is boring. 这些书中的一本很无聊。 and 或 both… and… 连接的名词 复数 Both Jenny and Kate are my friends. 詹妮和凯特都是我的朋友。 either, neither, each, every 或 no + 单数名词 单数 Each person has a new book. 每个人都有一本新书。 复合不定代词 单数 Everybody has a chance to win. 每个人都有赢的机会。 5 主语 谓语 例句 主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, besides, including等 取决 于主 语的 数 The mother together with her three sons was happy. 这位妈妈和她的三个儿子都很开心。 分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词 取决 于名 词的 数 60% of the students in our class are girls. 我们班百分之六十的学生是女生。 a lot of / lots of / plenty of / the rest of + 名词 A lot of people are in the classroom. 许多人在教室里。 6 主语 谓语 例句 动词不定式（短语）、 动名词（短语）或从句 单数 What he said is very meaningful. 他说的话很有意义。 a number of + 可数名词 复数 复数 A number of books were given to the poor students. 许多书都被给予了那些贫穷的学生。 the number of + 可数名 词复数 单数 The number of the apples is 12. 这些苹果的数量是十二。 7 考向 2 意义一致原则 意义一致就是概念一致，即谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的概念一致。 主语 谓语 例句 表示重量、度量、时 间、长度、价格等的 词或短语 单数 Two meters is not as high as you think. 两米不像你想得那么高。 8 主语 谓语 例句 the + 姓氏复数 / the + 姓氏 + family，表示“……一家人；……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths have decided to go to Kunming for holiday. 史密斯一家人已经决定去昆明度假了。 the + 形容词，表示一 类人 复数 The young are energetic. 年轻人很有活 力。 9 注意 1. 某些集体名词，如family, class, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看 待，谓语动词要用单数形式；如果强调其中的成员，要用复数形式。如： His family is going to move to Beijing. 他家将搬到北京。 The whole family are looking forward to the holiday. 全家人都在 期待假期。 10 2. 由（both…）and 连接的两个名词指不同的人时，谓语动词用复数形式 （语法一致）；由and连接的两个名词指同一个人时，谓语动词用单数形 式（意义一致）。如： The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 这个男孩和这个女孩听到这个消息时都很惊讶。 The writer and actor has come. 这位作家兼演员已经来了。 11 考向 3 就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的形式不与主语一致，而和靠近它的名词或代词 一致。 （1）由either… or…, neither… nor…, not only… but （also）…, not… but… 或 or 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词和距其较近的主语在数上保持 一致。如： Either Jimmy or I am going to give a speech. 要么吉米，要么我将做一个演讲。 12 （2）在 There be… 和 Here be… 这两个句式中，be动词常与距其最近的 主语在数上保持一致。如： Here is a book and two notebooks for you. 这里有给你的一本书和两个笔记本。 13 考点精练 一、在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 易错点专练 1. My teacher says that the young ____（be） the future of our country. 2. The number of the children who are reading in the reading room ___ （be） 20. 3. Not only his friends but also he ________（spend） much time exercising every day. are is spends 14 4. About one third of my classmates _____（help） their parents do housework on weekends. 5. There _____（be） an art room, a dining hall and ten classrooms in our school two years ago. 6. On weekends, Bill with his parents always _____（go） to the park to enjoy the beautiful sunshine. 7. A number of foreigners _____（love） paper cutting. We are proud of Chinese traditional folk art. help was goes love 15 8. The poet and artist always ______（give） speeches about Chinese literature and painting to students in this city. 9. Both Millie and I ____（be） in the school volleyball team now. 10. One of our classmates _______（hope） to be an English teacher in the future. 11. Everyone ______（play） an important role in making our school more beautiful. gives are hopes plays 16 12. Cooking _______（need） skills and knowledge. Sometimes it is thought as a kind of art. 13. How time flies! Nearly three years _____（have） passed since we met each other for the first time. 14. The Greens ______（be） having a great time making zongzi for the Dragon Boat Festival at this time yesterday. needs has were 17 15. School education _______（offer） chances for personal development to help each of us realize our dreams. 16. Neither of the two brothers _______（want） to come to the evening party on Saturday because they have to visit their grandparents. offers wants 18 二、语法填空 It's natural to feel upset, angry, or sad about losing. No one 1. ______（like） to lose. Calming yourself is a good way when you 2. ____（get） angry about losing. It can help you to take some deep breaths. Do an activity that 3. ________（relax） you, and let out your anger energy by jumping or dancing. likes get relaxes 19 Once you're calmer, it may help to think about why you felt the loss so deeply. One reason may be that you really want to win. That's good! It likely 4. _______（make） you try hard. But the old saying “Winning isn't everything.” 5. ___（be） true. Try understanding success 6. _______（mean） that you have given it your all. And if you can take away something good from the game, that's a big prize. After all, nobody 7. ______（win） all the time. And winning doesn't mean that you're a kind person, a team player, or even someone who 8. _______（work） hard. makes is means wins works 20 The effort you put in and how you deal with a loss 9. ______ （show） more about your character than a win does. People 10. _____ （pay） attention to good character—and be thankful for it more than you think. So work at being the best that you can. show pay 21 $$