Unit4-Unit5 定语从句课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

定语从句 Attributive Clause Unit 4 Unit4 Discovering useful structures Understand attribute and attributive clause 2 The definition of the attribute: 1. This is a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a flower basket bought by my friend. 3. The flowers in the basket were bought by my friend. 4. This is a flower basket that was bought by my friend . 定语: 修饰名词或代词的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征。 1.可充当定语的主要有形容词，名词，介词短语，非谓语，句子；常译为“……的” 2.在所修饰词之前的定语为前置定语，在所修饰词之后的定语为后置定语。 3. 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。  这个男人是杰克船长。  这个男人正在奔跑。  这个正在奔跑的男人是杰克船长。 The man is Captain Jack. The man is running. Translate the following sentences into English. The man who is running is Captain Jack. 定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词。（引导词）关系词的作用： 1. 连接主从句 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分 The man who is running is Captain Jack. Review Attributive Clause 定语从句 关系词 先行词 1.The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget. 2.The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 3.The supplies which were provided for the disaster area were collected from around the country. 4. Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. 5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake. 找出下列句中的定语从句。 The usage of the relative pronouns 7 1. that 指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作宾/表时可省。 2. which 指物,在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省。  A plane is a machine ______________ can fly.  The noodles __________ I cooked were delicious.  Let’s ask the man ________ is reading a book over there.  The girl ___________ we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. that, which, who, whom, whose, as that/which that/which that  He doesn't seem to be the man ________ he was ten years ago. that  They planted the trees ____________ didn’t need much water.  The fish ______________ we bought yesterday were not fresh.  This is the house in ____________ we lived last year. that that/which which/that which 3. who 指人,在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省。 4. whom 指人,在从句中作宾语，作宾语时可省。  The foreigner ____ visited our school yesterday is from Canada.  The boy ________ broke the window is called Michael.  The person ______________ you just talked to is Mr Li.  Mr Read is the professor to ___________ you should write. who who whom / who whom that, which, who, whom, whose, as  Miss Flower is the teacher________house caught fire last week. 5. whose 指人和物，在从句中作定语，意为“……的”。whose+n可以用 “the +n.+of which/whom”或者“of which/whom +the +n.”代替 the house of whom=of whom the house  This is the boy _______composition the teacher thinks highly of.  This is the book _________ cover is blue. the cover of which =of which the cover whose whose whose that, which, who, whom, whose, as the composition of whom=of whom the composition 6. as 指人和物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。用于 the same ... as ; as .....as ; such ... as ; so ... as等结构 This is the same book ______ was bought yesterday. There is so warm a house _________we want to live in. 比较： It is so warm a house______ we all admire. It is so warm a house ______we all want to have one. This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. This is the same pen that I bought yesterday. as as as that that, which, who, whom, whose, as 学以致用 ［用适当的关系代词填空］ ① The student _________ answered the question was John. who/that ② I know the person _______ house was destroyed in the earthquake. whose ③ Look, here are some people ______________ I want you to meet. who/whom/that ④ Do you still remember the chicken farm __________ we visited three months ago? that/which ⑤ The house in _______ I used to live became ruins in a big fire. which ⑥ Please give me the book _______ cover is green. whose 高 中 同 步 课 堂 学 案 12 Para 2 ：They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, like the middle of a mountain forest. A B Para 2 : Since I was a little girl, I'd been stuck like this, and I had lived a life where I would be afraid of everything. But then it all started changing. Para 3 : The changes in the wind patterns that move clouds and moisture through the atmosphere（大气层） can cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow over a long period of time. C Para 4 ：If you live in a place where most of the water you use comes from a river, a drought in your area can be caused by places upstream from you not receiving enough moisture. There would be less water in the river for you and other people who live along the river to use. C Para 1 : Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. D Para 2 : The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that don't have a large wild animal that eats meat. Para 3 ：They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live in the wild. D Para 4 : In the last twenty years，over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild animals？ Para 4 : They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. 关系 代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 定语 who whom which that whose                关系代词基本用法归纳表 Note: 1.用which而不用that的情况： ①介词前置时，即介词+关系代词引导定语从句； ②引导非限制性定语从句时; ③先行词本身就是that时。 以下句子为什么只能用which不能用that？ Bruce doesn’t listen to others’ advice, which makes his mother very annoyed. Those are the trees under which people can have a rest. I attend some activities regularly from which I benefit a lot. 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 Note: 22.用that而不用which的情况： ①先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, few, little, much, none, the one 等不定代词，或被all, every, no, some, any, few, little, much等不定代词修饰时； ②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； ③先行词被the only, the very, the last, the right修饰时； ④先行词既有人又有物时； ⑤主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Note: 以下句子为什么只能用that不能用which？  I am sure she has something that you can borrow.  I’ve read all the books that my mother bought for me.  This is the first book that he has read.  This is the very book that belongs to him.  They talked of things and persons that they remembered.  Which is the question that you don’t understand?  Your disease is not the case that it used to be. 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 1. Anything ____ can burn is a source of heat energy. 2. This is the very book ______ I’m looking for . 3. They talked about things and persons ______ impressed them most. 4. Which is the book _______ you lost? 5. This is the best film _____ I have ever seen. 6. Please get ready for everything ____ we need. 7. This is the watch____________ I lost yesterday. that that that that that that that/which Fill in the blanks. 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 Note: 3.用who而不用that的情况： ① 主句是there be句型，且先行词是人时； ②先行词是人称代词he/she/those...,或者不定代词anyone，someone，everyone，somebody, anybody, one，ones等词时； ③先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时； ④当先行词是 people 或是表示人的集体名词时。 以下句子为什么只能用who不能用that？ Those who have good manners will be highly respected. There is a student who is always making noise. He is the third man who passed the exam. There are lots of people who are listening to the radio. 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 Note: 4.用that而不用who的情况： ①当先行词为形容词最高级所修饰时； ②当在以疑问代词who开头的疑问句中时； ③当先行词为疑问代词who, which时； ④当关系代词在定语从句中作表语或宾语补足语时，此时关系代词也可省略。 以下句子为什么只能用that不能用who？ He is no longer the man that he was. He is not the fool that you thought him. Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? /Who is the person that is standing by the door? Shakespeare is the greatest poet that England has ever had. 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 5. way 作先行词 当先行词为表示方式的way, 且在从句中作状语时，应该用 that / in which / 不填。 1. We admire the way ________________he solved the problem. 2. I don’t like the way _________________you spoke to her. 3. You speak to her in the way _______________I don't like. that/in which/不填 that/in which/不填 that/which/不填 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 学以致用 ［完成句子］ ① 聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。 Chatting was the only thing _________________. that interested her ② 这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。 This is the most beautiful park _________________. that I have visited ③ 任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。 Anybody ___________________ should be punished. who breaks the law 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 高 中 同 步 课 堂 学 案 25 学以致用 ［完成句子］ ④ 她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。 She took photographs of the people and things ________________________. that she was interested in ⑤ 应该有你可以征求意见或为你解决问题的人。 There should be someone _____________________ for any advice or to clear up any problems. to whom you can turn ⑥ 成功往往属于那些坚持梦想的人。 Success often belongs to those ________________________. who stick to their dreams 二、使用特定关系代词的一般情况 高 中 同 步 课 堂 学 案 26 Do some exercises 27 1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event ______ usually causes great damage and can ruin many people’s lives. 2. The woman wanted to find and thank the firefighter _______ rescued her from the fire. 3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind ______ often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean. 4. The children ________ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends. P90: Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom that / which that / who that / which whose 5. A tsunami is a very large wave ________ is often caused by an earthquake under the sea. 6. People to _______ much is given are people of _________ much will be expected. P90: Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom that / which whom whom 1. The earthquake ___________ hit San Francisco on April 18 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). 2. The firefighters to ___________ the task was given did their best but there was no way to organise or communicate. 3. Tens of thousands ____________ had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. 4. The team brings help and hope to those ___________ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake or any other natural disaster. Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom,as or “ / ” that / which whom who / that whose 5. The list of people to help has been given is long. 6. The team treated more than 3,000 people were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia. 7. They have to be able to do work is difficult under conditions __ can be very dangerous. who / that that / which that / which whom Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, as or “ / ” Though I can’t remember everything ____ happened during the time in university, I still remember some people and things _____ were related to Miss Brown, _____ used to be monitor in our class. If you want to know about the lady _________ I referred to in my diary, I can tell you it’s her, Miss Brown. Here is a story ______ makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York, ______ we would look forward to. We went to the biggest bookshop in ______ there were different kinds of books to be sold. that that who who/that that/which which which 语篇填空2 She persuaded me to read every grammar book ______ could offer me knowledge of grammar and buy a dictionary __________ I could look up the new words in. Miss Brown also bought the same books _____ I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. I’ll never forget that time ______ Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers. that as which/that when 语篇填空2 1. They were well trained by their masters had great experience in caring for these animals. 2. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark. 3. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 4. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 5. Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. who / that that which / that 高考链接 which / that who / that drills The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman. The woman 's family survived the earthquake. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake. Use an Attributive Clause to combine each pair of sentences. drills The people lost everything in the quake. We need to help them prepare for the coming winter. We need to help the people who lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter. Use an Attributive Clause to combine each pair of sentences. drills 1. Here are some of the people ________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people ___________were asleep. 3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ________ they could find. 4. Several days later, most of the buildings _____________had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. 5. The injured boy _________ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital. 6. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by ______________she was rescued. 7. Is this the young boy __________ saved several other students trapped under buildings? that/which that who whose whose who/that whom P52: Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom,as or “ / ” The usage of the relative adverbs 39 I still remember the first day ______ I saw your face. I still remember the first day______you smiled at me. This is the library ________I read all kinds of books. Oh, she must be the reason_____God makes a girl. He gets into a situation______it’s hard to tell what is right or wrong. The situation ________he is faced with is very worrying. when when where why when 先行词为表示时间的词，when在从句中作状语。 where 先行词为表示地点的词，where在从句中作状语。 why 先行词为表示原因的词，why在从句中作状语。 关系副词where还可表示“抽象地点”。常见的先行词有point，position，situation，stage，case，condition, atmosphere等。 where that/which 1. I will never forget the days ___________ we spent together. I will never forget the days _______ we stayed together. 2. The reason_________ he explained at the meeting was not sound. The reason _______ he was late was that he missed his bus. 3. Keep the book in place_______ you can find it easily. This is the house __________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago. that/which when that/which why where that/which 对比填空：that 、which、when、where、why whwhere why when 可以转化成“___________________________”结构。 where 可以转化成“__________________________”结构。 why 可以转化成“________________”结构。 It was a time ______________ people were divided geographically. This is the park __________________I played football. There are many reasons ________________ people learn a foreign language. 介词(during/in/at...)＋which when (at which) 介词(on/in/at...)＋which for＋which where (in which) why (for which) 1．We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived. 2．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide－ and－seek with my brother and I stayed for six years. 3．It was a period ________ they had discussion very frequently. 4．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. 5．One of the reasons ______ he was refused in the interview was that his spoken English was terrible. 6．I'll never forget the time _____________ we spent together in the volunteer organization. 7．I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the robot club. where when when where 单句语法填空 why that/which when 1.关系代词的确定 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 当先行词是人时，用介词 + whom 引导定语从句： Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking? 当先行词是物时，用介词 + which引导定语从句： This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live. 当关系词在从句中作定语时，用介词+whose引导定语从句： He is the very man in _________ pocket I found my lost money. whom which whose 1. I should make an apology to the man at ________I yelled this morning. 2. The film about ________we talked will be screened on December 4th. 3. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________help I would never have got this far. whom which whose 高考一轮总复习 • 英语 2. 介词的确定 ① 根据先行词的搭配关系： 1) I still remember the day _______ _______ I met you. 2) I will never forget the farm _______ ______ I worked with you. 3) The money _______ _______ you could buy food is gone. on which on which with which (on the day 在那天) (on the farm 在农场) (with the money 用钱) “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 2. 介词的确定 ② 根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯 Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10? 3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. on which for which for which “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 2. 介词的确定 ③ 根据句子的意思来确定 Air, ________ ________ man can’t live, is really important. 2) This is the man _____ ______ my brother has worked for ten years. without which with whom “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。 1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands? 2. China is a powerful country_______ _______ we are proud. 3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games. 4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly. 5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club? 6. I recognized the boss ____ ______ company my sister was working. 7. Is this the farm ____ ______ Tom worked for ten years? 8. Oxygen is a kind of gas ________ ________humans can’t live. with whom without which under which of which on which 即学即练 in whose on which without which 3. 名/代/数词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系词 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 1. I bought a dozen of eggs, six of (=but six of ) broke when I dropped the box. 2. He went with a group of people, few of were correctly equipped for such a climbing. 3. You’ve made many mistakes, most of were due to your carelessness. 4. The school, most of students are from Qingyuan, has produced many excellent students. 5. There are 50 students in our class, the tallest of ________is Tom. 6. This is a cozy house, the windows of _________face south. which them whom which whose whom which 所属关系 整体中的部分 Non-restrictive attributive clause 52 一. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1.意义不同：限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，不可缺少，否则主句的意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充性的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。 2.形式不同：非限制性定语从句一般会用逗号隔开。 3.引导词不同：that和why不能引导非限定从。 1.People who take physical exercise regularly live longer. （若把定语从句去掉，句子意义不完整）（限制性定语从句） 2.His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week. (若把定语从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整）（非限制性定语从句） 53 1. 关系代词指代整个主句的内容 She said she had finished her work, ________I doubted very much. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, frightened me very much. 2. 先行词是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词 The moon, is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth, creates many beautiful stories. 3. 先行词指的是某人唯一的某个亲属 对比： His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college. 他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。 His brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。 which which which 二. 用非限制性定语从句的情况： which引导非限制性定语从句 1.Laura couldn't come to our party, which was a pity. 2.Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，放在主句或被修饰词后面，既可以代指主句一整件事情，通常译成“这”；也可以代指主句当中某个先行词(单词或词组），具体由句意确定。 1. 位置不同：which 引导的定语从句，只能位于主句或被修饰词之_______，as引导的从句可位于____________________。 如：_________ you know, David is a photographer. 2. 意义不同：as译成“______”，which意为“____________”。 I don’t think that he will come to see me, _________made me sad. ______ (is) planned, we got there before eight. He married her, __________was unexpected. Tom failed,____(was) expected. 后 句首、句中、句后 As which As 正如 这(件事, 一点) 三. as，which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 which as 高考一轮总复习 • 英语 3. as用于固定搭配: as we all know // as is known to us/all, ... as is said/reported, ... as (is) expected/planned/scheduled, ... as often happens,... //as is often the case (with sb.) as has been said/mentioned before, ... as everybody can see,... 正如大家所知道的那样 正如所说/报道的那样 正如所预料/计划的那样 正如经常发生的那样 正如之前所说/提到的 正如大家所看到的 Fill in the blanks 1. “You have to get used to a whole new way of life, can take up all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, had lived all her life in the same city in China. 2. Living with host families, there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. 3. is often the case with human beings, many animals sleep a lot when young, but sleep much less when they get older. 4. Our graduation will be held in July, we will say goodbye to our classmates and teachers. 5. This essay is written in Latin, language I didn’t quite understand. 6.We couldn’t give the reason, so many people were in favor of the draft. 7. The person standing there is Mr. Wang, we talked about just now. which where As when whose whom who for which 定语从句中谓语动词的形式 The suitcase which lies on the ground is hers. This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens. He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French. ①关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 ②先行词是“one of＋复数名词”时，谓语动词用复数形式； ③先行词是“the only one of＋复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式。 注意事项1 The number of the people who/that __________ (come) to visit the city each year ____(rise) by 15%. Tom is one of the students who ___ (be) going to take part in the competition. She is the only one of the girls who _____(be) going to take part in the competition. come rises are is 定语从句的谓语动词的形式 注意事项1 1. 分隔式：与先行词分离的定语从句 The professor entered the hall had just delivered two lectures. 2. 混杂式：先行词后插入I think/believe/ guess/expect, I am sure, they say等。 I am quite familiar with the regulations of our school, _________I believe will be helpful to their later study and life. who which 定从的特殊结构 注意事项2 I have no idea about the man __________ wrote the article. I have many friends to __________ I’m going to send postcards. Children __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. He will tell you everything __________ he heard about. This is the factory ________________we visited last year. __________ we know，smoking is harmful to one’s health. There are moments ___________ one feels unhappy for no reason. Beijing is the place _____________________ he was born. Is this the reason _____________________ he refused our invitation? who whom whose (which/that) that As when where (＝in which) why (＝for which) 巩固练习 易错聚焦 (一)定语从句意识缺失 1．关系代词被普通代词取代 I have many collections of stamps, some of them are my favorite. I have many collections of stamps, some of which are my favorite. 2．关系代词遗漏 The last one leaves the classroom please close the windows. The last one who leaves the classroom please close the windows. × √ × √ 判断正误 (二)假冒伪劣的定语从句 1．有从无主式 My friend Jane, who is very friendly to us classmates. My friend Jane is very friendly to us classmates. My friend Jane, who is very friendly to us classmates, has a variety of hobbies. 2．画蛇添足式 (1) As can be seen from the picture, that a sad boy stands between his angry parents. 关系代词as代替逗号后面的整个主句，因此主句是不需要连接词的。所以应去掉that。 (2) As can be seen from the picture, a man who is talking happily. as代替逗号后面的整个主句，主句中的who是多余的。 (3) I have many collections of stamps, and some of which are my favorite. 如果要满足定语从句的话，显然并列连词and是多余的。 × √ √ There was a time 1.______ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this was the reason 2._____ my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club，3._______ I met many strangers，I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide, 4._______ teacher was Professor Wong, communicated with me face to face, from 5._______ I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. when　 why　 where　 whose　 which　 语篇填空1 Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.____________ we did. I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7._____ encouraged me to fall in love with English. Now I feel it interesting to learn English，into 8._______ I put my entire energy. Every day I read my words and passages aloud. In class I join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages，through 9._______ I can memorize a large number of new words. 10.____ our English teacher says，“As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later．” that/which　 who　 which　 which　 As　 When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue and the grammar will not stay in my head. I told my mom that I wanted to give up and that I would never live in a country 1. ___________ German was spoken. My mom told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain. The more I learned of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day 2. _____________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place 3. ____________ I could think in this foreign language. And I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached a goal 4.____________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason 5.________ my mom had encouraged me not to give up. where when where why that/which 语篇填空3 Zhangzhou is a small city in southeast China 1._______ I grew up. My family moved there from Xiamen in a summer 2.________ I was born. The house in 3._______ I grew up is on a main street in Zhangzhou. It was a nice house with a big garden 4._______ there were a lot of nice flowers. My father sold tea, and my mother had a small restaurant 5.________ there were always many customers. A cousin of mine 6._______ family I visited every summer lived with us. He was an apprentice (学徒)7._____________ my father was teaching the tea business to. On the first floor of our house, we had a huge kitchen 8.________we all gathered for dinner. I will never forget the happy days 9.______ we were eating and talking happily. The bedrooms were upstairs. My brother and my cousin slept in one bedroom. I shared another bedroom with Polly, 10._______ is the smartest bird that I had ever seen. where where where when when which whose who/whom/that where which 语篇填空4 $$