江苏省常州市北郊高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

北郊高级中学12月阶段性检测 2024.12 一、听力： 略 一、阅读理解 A Disinformation, which is false information spread on purpose, has become a cause of concern recently. In response to this rising global threat, the United Nations Information Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be organizing a two-day conference, DISINFO PACIFIC, on November 11 and 12, 2024. The conference will focus on strategies for preventing and reducing disinformation, as well as applying best practices to address this global challenge. It aims to provide a forum (论坛) for journalists, social media experts, educators, researchers, policy-makers and communications professionals, from within and outside the UN. Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.Requirements: · Outstanding oral and written communication skills · Professional graphic (绘图的) design experience · Prior involvement in designing document layouts · In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps · Working knowledge of the English language Note: A degree in graphic design or a related field is considered a plus.Responsibilities: · Developing a comprehensive social media release plan · Assisting in choosing the right types of media and updating conference information on a daily basis · Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed requirements · Developing a series of social media resources once the final concept is agreed upon, with a particular focus on a youth (university level) student audience Join us now as a social media volunteer and help build a future with less disinformation. You will also have the opportunity to build connections with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn about the ways in which social media communication can support the promotion of a conference centering on disinformation. Find out more at https://app.unv.org/opportunities. 1．According to the passage, volunteers should . A．hold a degree in graphic design B．be able to develop graphic design apps C．have a great communicative competence D．be as fluent in English as native speakers 2．If selected, volunteers will . A．release a UNIC work plan B．help design social media activities C．evaluate the final concept D．provide weekly media updates 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To promote a conference. B．To seek online volunteers. C．To highlight a global threat. D．To introduce an organization. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国信息中心堪培拉分部组织的DISINFO PACIFIC会议，招募社交媒体志愿者的要求和职责。 1．细节理解题。根据文章Requirements:部分“Outstanding oral and written communication skills(出色的口头和书面沟通技巧)”可知，志愿者应具备良好的沟通能力。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Responsibilities:部分“Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed requirements(与我们的通讯团队合作，根据商定的要求创建社交媒体活动)”可知，志愿者将会帮助设计社交媒体活动。故选B。 3．推理判断题。结合全文及文章第三段“Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.(目前，我们正在寻找社交媒体志愿者，为此次会议提供在线支持)”可知，本篇文章的主要目的是为DISINFO PACIFIC会议招募在线志愿者。故选B。 B I’m walking around the house with a severe limp (跛行) and actively second-guessing every decision I’ ve ever made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year. The 7-mile race is in my hometown in Illinois, and I’ ve been doing it almost every year since I was a 12-year-old boy. I reached my peak about 15 years ago and have been performing poorly ever since. Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Tradition, mostly. Besides, I don’t dislike the whole race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve known since childhood, and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor block on the way to the good stuff. That day, I was accompanied to the race by a group of three extremely in-shape people. We all live in the same Indianapolis suburb. These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon (三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me. I didn’t hold much hope for the race— no one puts less pressure on me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt so good that I wondered why I only do this once a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done. Determination and a can-do attitude are no match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line. Still, I can honestly say I gave everything I had. My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a souvenir. A day later, even as my entire body tells me I’m an idiot, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided to keep doing this race as long as my legs can support me. 4．The author ran the race because . A．he wanted to keep the old custom B．he wanted to compete with friends C．he intended to build up his body D．he enjoyed long-distance running 5．Why did the author mention the in-shape people? A．To give his reason for low self-expectation. B．To show his envy of their athletic abilities. C．To emphasize his strong will to win the race. D．To express his confidence in finishing the race. 6．What do we know about the author during the race? A．He struggled from beginning to end. B．He broke his leg at the finishing line. C．He experienced pressure from himself. D．He pushed himself to the limits to make it. 7．How did the author feel after the race? A．Surprised. B．Satisfied. C．Regretful. D．Grateful. 【答案】4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己坚持参加每年在家乡举办的7英里赛跑的经历，尽管跑步过程艰难且成绩不佳，但因传统、赛后社交及免费啤酒等因素，他依然视其为一种乐趣并决定继续参加。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Tradition, mostly.( 如果我不再喜欢它，而且成绩一年比一年差，我为什么还要继续下去呢？主要是，传统。)”可知，作者参加比赛是因为他想保持旧习俗。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第四段中“These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon (三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me.( 这些人日复一日地骑行和跑步，里程数多达数百公里。其中一人已经完成了数十场斯巴达勇士赛，这些比赛要求参赛者穿越泥潭，翻转轮胎和投掷长矛。还有一个人正在为一场铁人三项赛做准备。除了在陆地、水域和骑行方面比我跑得快，他还能比我举得更重。)”可知，作者描述了这些人与他的不同之处，比如他们骑行和跑步的距离更长，参加过斯巴达比赛，训练铁人三项等，这些都表明他们比作者更有运动能力。因此，作者提到这些人是为了给自己的低期望找到合理的解释。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done.(当我跑到6英里时，我的身体发出了警告。我逼着自己，直到我还剩一英里，这时我的腿觉得不行了。)”以及“Determination and a can-do attitude are no match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line.(决心和“我能行”的态度战胜不了重力和距离。我筋疲力尽，慢慢地向终点线走去。)”可知，作者拼尽全力完成比赛，直到最后一英里腿已经无法再跑下去，因此可以得知作者在比赛中竭尽全力。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a souvenir.( 我缓慢、步履艰难的完赛实际上是一场胜利，证明了我付出了我的一切。我不需要一个巨大的杯子来纪念我的英雄事迹。我疼痛的膝盖足以作为纪念。)”可知，尽管作者身体疼痛，但作者仍然认为比赛是成功的，因为他已经竭尽全力，故推断作者在比赛结束后是十分满意的。故选B。 C There are functioning steam railways in other countries: tourists in France can go for a ride in Brittany; so can visitors travelling to the Dandenong Ranges in Australia. But no other country has a heritage railway sector anywhere near as energetic as the UK’s, where more than 170 services cross around 600 miles of track and call at 460 stations. Just a few years after the first of these railways opened at Talyllyn in north Wales, in1951, a fictional Welsh steam engine became the main character in the children’s television serial Ivor the Engine. On lines originally built for slate quarries (石板采石场), north Wales still has the biggest group of steam railways, but they exist in all four nations of the UK, typically operating seasonal timetables in tourist areas. These railways are living museums with stations decorated in period style. Some staff wear costumes too. Up to 95% of the 18. 5m journeys on heritage railways each year are taken by domestic tourists. They owe their popularity to a combination of nostalgia (怀旧), enjoyment of the countryside and enthusiasm for the old engines. Railways are expensive to run, and the first steam preservation enthusiasts recognised that they would need volunteers to make their dream of a revival come true. This reliance on volunteers is partly due to cuts in budgets from local authorities and other funders. But heritage railways are a good example of what can be achieved by a combined paid and voluntary workforce. As well as the economic contribution that the railways make to rural areas, there is evidence that volunteering can have beneficial effects on people as well. The railways will need to respond, like the rest of the society, to environmental policies. The destructive impact of greenhouse gases is an obvious challenge to a sector that trades on an image of coal-powered transport. Electric railway engines are being used for maintenance, to bring emissions down, and some railways are active in wildlife conservation. There will need to be further adaptation down the line. That the railways don’t stand still has always been part of their appeal especially on rainy days in the summer holidays. 8．How are the UK’s steam railways different from other countries'? A．They are active across the countries. B．They serve as tourist attractions. C．They are mainly powered by steam. D．They use small amounts of energy. 9．Why does the author mention Ivor the Engine? A．To spread knowledge of the classic serial. B．To introduce the origin of steam engines. C．To show the popularity of steam railways. D．To share a childhood memory of travelling. 10．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．Volunteers help to keep heritage railways alive. B．Economic growth depends on individual efforts. C．People can’t afford to travel by heritage railway. D．Local officials don’t use old means of transport. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards heritage railways? A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful. C．Appreciative. D．Negative. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．A 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了其他国家也有运营的蒸汽铁路，但英国的遗产铁路业最为活跃。这些铁路不仅是旅游热点，还承载着怀旧情感和对老式机车的热爱。它们依赖志愿者和付费员工的共同努力来维持运营，并对乡村经济做出贡献。同时，铁路部门也在积极适应环境政策，减少排放，参与野生动物保护，展现出不断进取的精神。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But no other country has a heritage railway sector anywhere near as energetic as the UK’s, where more than 170 services cross around 600 miles of track and call at 460 stations.(但没有一个国家的遗产铁路业能与英国相提并论，英国拥有超过170项服务，跨越约600英里的轨道，途经460个车站)”可知，英国的蒸汽铁路在全国都很活跃。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Just a few years after the first of these railways opened at Talyllyn in north Wales, in1951, a fictional Welsh steam engine became the main character in the children’s television serial Ivor the Engine. On lines originally built for slate quarries (石板采石场), north Wales still has the biggest group of steam railways(1951年，威尔士北部塔尔利林的第一条此类铁路开通后仅几年，一部以虚构的威尔士蒸汽机车为主角的儿童电视连续剧《Ivor the Engine》便问世了。在原本为石板采石场修建的铁路线上，威尔士北部至今仍拥有规模最大的蒸汽铁路群)”可推知，作者提到《Ivor the Engine》是为了展示蒸汽铁路的受欢迎程度。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Railways are expensive to run, and the first steam preservation enthusiasts recognised that they would need volunteers to make their dream of a revival come true. This reliance on volunteers is partly due to cuts in budgets from local authorities and other funders.(铁路运营成本高昂，而早期的蒸汽机车保护爱好者们认识到，要实现复兴的梦想，他们需要志愿者。这种对志愿者的依赖部分原因是地方当局和其他资助者削减了预算)”可推知，志愿者帮助保持遗产铁路的活力。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“These railways are living museums with stations decorated in period style.(这些铁路是活生生的博物馆，车站装饰着时代风格)”和文章最后一段“Electric railway engines are being used for maintenance, to bring emissions down, and some railways are active in wildlife conservation. There will need to be further adaptation down the line.(电动铁路机车正被用于维护工作以减少排放，一些铁路公司也在积极参与野生动物保护。未来还需要沿着这一方向进行更多的适应性调整)”可推知，作者对遗产铁路持有赞赏的态度。故选C。 D Artificial intelligence-powered medical treatment options are on the rise and have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, but a new study found that about almost half of participants would choose a human doctor rather than AI for diagnosis and treatment. “While many patients appear resistant to the use of AI, accuracy of information and a slight push from physicians may help increase acceptance,” Dr. Slepian mentioned the study’s other primary finding: that a human touch can help clinical practices use AI to their advantage and earn patients’ trust. “To ensure the benefits of AI are secured in clinical practice, future research on best methods of physician involvement and patient decision making is required.” In the study, participants were asked whether they would prefer to have an AI system or a physical doctor for diagnosis and treatment, and under what circumstances. Researchers conducted structured interviews with actual patients, testing their reactions to current and future AI technologies. Then they. polled 2,472 participants across diverse ethnic, racial and socioeconomic groups using a blinded, randomized survey. Overall, participants were almost evenly split, with more than 52% choosing human doctors as a preference versus approximately 47% choosing an AI diagnostic method. If study participants were informed their primary care physicians felt AI was superior, the acceptance of AI by study participants on re-questioning increased. This signaled the significance of the human physician in guiding a patient’s decision. Disease severity didn’t affect participants’ trust in AI. Compared to White participants, Black ones selected AI less often and Native Americans more often. Older participants were less likely to choose it, as were those who self-identified as politically conservative. These findings suggest differing groups will need specific attention as to informing them as to the value and usefulness of AI to enhance diagnoses. “I feel this study will guide many future studies and clinical translational decisions even now,” Dr. Slepian said. “The onus will be on physicians and others in health care to ensure that information in AI systems is accurate, and to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.” 12．What can be inferred from Dr. Slepian’s words in Paragraph 2? A．Most patients are still doubtful about AI medical treatment. B．Human physicians can do a lot to promote AI medical treatment. C．The unacceptance of AI is mainly due to the inaccuracy of information. D．The reality that patients choose human doctors limits the development of AI. 13．What’s the key factor in increasing participants’ preference for AI treatment? A．The gravity of the disease. B．The guidance of the physician. C．The superiority of AI system. D．The personal background of the participant. 14．What does the underlined word “onus” in the last paragraph mean? A．Responsibility. B．Attempt. C．Dependence. D．Focus. 15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Trust in AI: A Split among Patients. B．Bridging the Gap: Human Doctors and AI. C．An Important Study: The Future of AI Systems. D．Improving Diagnostic Accuracy: The Role of AI. 【答案】12．B 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了患者对AI医疗的信任问题，并指出患者在选择AI和人类医生时存在分歧。 12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““While many patients appear resistant to the use of AI, accuracy of information and a slight push from physicians may help increase acceptance,” Dr. Slepian mentioned the study’s other primary finding: that a human touch can help clinical practices use AI to their advantage and earn patients’ trust. “To ensure the benefits of AI are secured in clinical practice, future research on best methods of physician involvement and patient decision making is required.”(“虽然许多患者似乎对人工智能的使用持抵制态度,但信息的准确性和医生的轻微推动可能有助于提高接受 度，“Slepian博士提到了该研究的另一个主要发现:人性化的接触可以帮助临床实践利用人工智能并赢得患者的信任。”为了确保人工智能的好处在临床实践中得到保障,需要对医生参与和患者决策的最佳方法进行未来的研究。”)可知,从斯莱皮安博士的话可 以推断人类医生可以做很多事情来促进人工智能医疗，故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段“If study participants were informed their primary care physicians felt AI was superior, the acceptance of AI by study participants on re-questioning increased. This signaled the significance of the human physician in guiding a patient’s decision.”（如果研究参与者被告知他们的初级保健医生认为人工智能更优越，那么研究参与者对人工智能的接受度就会增加。这标志着人类医生在指导病人做出决定方面的重要性。）可知，医生的指导是增加参与者对AI治疗偏好的关键因素。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.”（并继续保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性，因为它们将在未来的医疗保健中发挥越来越大的作用。）可知，保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性的医生和其他医疗保健人员，所以医生和其他医疗保健人员有责任确保人工智能系统中的信息准确。所以划线词的意思是“责任”。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence-powered medical treatment options are on the rise and have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, but a new study found that about almost half of participants would choose a human doctor rather than AI for diagnosis and treatment.”（人工智能驱动的医疗选择正在增加，并有可能提高诊断的准确性，但一项新的研究发现，大约一半的参与者会选择人类医生而不是人工智能进行诊断和治疗。）和最后一段““I feel this study will guide many future studies and clinical translational decisions even now,” Dr. Slepian said. “The onus will be on physicians and others in health care to ensure that information in AI systems is accurate, and to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.”(斯菜皮安博士说:“我觉得即使现在,这项研究也将指导许多未来的研究和临床转化决策。”“医生和其他医疗保健人员将有责任确保人工智能系统中的信息准确无误,并继续维护和提高人工智能系统的准确性,因为它们将在未来的医疗保健中发挥越来越大的作用。”)”可知，本文主要说明了人类医生和人工智能的关系，通过人类医生的帮助来提供人类对人工智能的信心。B选项“弥合差距:人类医生与人工智能”符合文意。故选B。 三、七选五 How Loneliness Is Killing Us Loneliness is absolutely an epidemic (流行病) in our society, but it’s been growing for decades. Loneliness is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be.” 16 And that makes it different from isolation (独处). I can deliberately isolate myself and feel great about that, but only you can tell if you’re lonely. 17 In some studies, as many as, 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time. Young adults aged 16 to 24 are the loneliest age group. There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part because of the rise of private cars. We’ve become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education. 18 But then it tears us away from the communities we are born into and spend much of our lives creating. When television came into the American home, there was more of a decline in investing in our communities. And that was made worse as the digital revolution gave us more and more screens to look at. Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. 19 In addition, people who are lonely in late life have more rapid brain decline. The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of wellbeing is to invest in our relationships with other people. 20 .You belong. You matter. You’re connected. A．It’s a very subjective experience. B．All of that is good on the one hand. C．You may feel lost and may have low confidence. D．Stress coming from loneliness causes physical breakdown. E．Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people. F．People go to faraway colleges and only get in touch with families on screen. G．A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable. 【答案】16．A 17．E 18．B 19．D 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对我们的影响。 16．由上文“Loneliness is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be”.孤独是一种“我和别人的联系比我想要的少”的感觉)”可知，这里在具体描述孤独是一种怎样的状态，而A项It’s a very subjective experience.(这是一种非常主观的体验)符合语境，其中It指代上文的 Loneliness，subjective与上文I want to be对应，所以本句有承上作用。故选A项。 17．由下文“In some studies, as many as, 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time. (在一些研究中，多达60%的人会说他们大部分时间都感到孤独)”可知，这里讲很多人会感觉到孤独，而E项Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people.(自20世纪50年代以来，人们对他人的投入的沟通时间越来越少)符合语境，与下句构成因果关系，所以有启下作用。故选E项。 18．由上文“There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part because of the rise of private care. We’ve become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education.(造成这种情况的因素有很多。自20世纪50年代以来，孤独感呈上升趋势，部分原因是私人护理的兴起。我们已经成为一个流动性更强的社会，随着人们为工作和教育等其他机会而流动，家人和朋友的网络变得松散)”可知，这里在讲造成孤独的因素。而B项All of that is good on the one hand.(一方面，这一切都很好)符合语境，that指代上文列举的具体情况， 本句也与but引导的后文形成转折关系。故选B项。 19．由上文“Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. (研究发现孤独对我们的健康是危险的)”可知，孤独对我们的健康是危险的，而D项Stress coming from loneliness causes physical breakdown.(孤独带来的压力会导致身体崩溃)符合语境，其中physical breakdown与上文dangerous to our health对应，所以本句有承上作用。故选D项。 20．由上文“The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of wellbeing is to invest in our relationships with other people.(我们可以做出的选择是投资于我们与他人的关系，以保持我们的健康)”可知，这里讲我们可以投资于我们与他人的关系来保持我们的健康，而G项A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable.(一个好方法是在别人周围找一个你觉得舒服的活动)符合语境，本句为改善我们与他人的关系的具体建议，所以有承上作用。故选G项。 四、完形填空 Long ago, I was traveling around Australia with two friends, but we finally 21 due to their new plans, so I signed up for a boat trip with only a dozen of beers for 22 . Everyone on the boat, except me, was with a group of friends. Rather than risk being 23 as a strange guy, I started taking photos 24 . I walked to the back of the boat to take a 25 . If only there was something to lean on, I thought. Suddenly I 26 a metal box with a cover perfect for placing my forearms on. Only the metal box was not a container: it was a barbecue that had been 27 all morning. Screaming in pain, I 28 my arms immediately. No 29 marks appeared, and no one took me seriously when I said I was in huge 30 . The captain of the ship was unwilling to use the 31 water supply to relieve the damage, and I didn’t have any friends even just to 32 with me. Then, one girl, learning of my wounds, offered me a special 33 for burns. It turned out she was from London that just happens to be where I was born! I’m not sure what I was 34 with — the medical treatment or just the fact that I now had a shoulder to cry on! After a bit of treatment and a few beers, I felt much better. The pain 35 and I was able to enjoy the seascapes and have fun with all the cool people. In that moment, I realized I was never truly alone on my journey. 21．A．fought B．parted C．withdrew D．hesitated 22．A．company B．freedom C．celebration D．supply 23．A．admired B．named C．respected D．labeled 24．A．secretly B．repeatedly C．casually D．desperately 25．A．walk B．shot C．breath D．seat 26．A．examined B．borrowed C．spied D．designed 27．A．cooling down B．lighting up C．burning down D．heating up 28．A．crossed B．stretched C．removed D．folded 29．A．visible B．permanent C．remaining D．extra 30．A．panic B．pain C．grief D．shock 31．A．limited B．clean C．sufficient D．reliable 32．A．cry B．socialize C．play D．sympathize 33．A．cream B．treat C．pill D．gift 34．A．disappointed B．faced C．troubled D．pleased 35．A．disappeared B．increased C．eased D．worsened 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在澳大利亚独自旅行时的一段经历。在一次船游中，作者不慎将手臂放在了一个被加热了整个早晨的烧烤架上，造成了烫伤。尽管起初没有人重视他的痛苦，但最终一位来自伦敦的女孩伸出了援手，提供了帮助，让作者感受到了旅途中的温暖和陪伴。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，我和两个朋友一起环游澳大利亚，但由于他们的新计划，我们最终分开了，所以我报名参加了一个只有一打啤酒作为陪伴的船游。A. fought打架；B. parted分离；C. withdrew撤退；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“due to their new plans”可知，由于朋友们有了新计划，他们最终分开了，故选B项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，我和两个朋友一起环游澳大利亚，但由于他们的新计划，我们最终分开了，所以我报名参加了一个只有一打啤酒作为陪伴的船游。A. company陪伴；B. freedom自由；C. celebration庆祝；D. supply供应。根据上文“but we finally parted”可知，朋友们离开了作者，作者孤身一人，只有啤酒作为旅行的陪伴，故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿不冒险被标记为一个奇怪的人，所以我开始随意地拍照。A. admired钦佩；B. named命名；C. respected尊重；D. labeled标记。根据下文“as a strange guy”可知，作者不想被当作一个奇怪的人，be labeled as也是个固定搭配，意思是“被定义为”，符合语境，故选D项。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿不冒险被标记为一个奇怪的人，所以我开始随意地拍照。A. secretly秘密地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. casually随意地；D. desperately拼命地。根据下文“I walked to the back of the boat”可知，作者在船上走动，开始随意地拍照，故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到船的后面去拍照。A. walk步行；B. shot射击；拍照；C. breath呼吸；D. seat座位。根据上文“I started taking photos”可知，作者是在随意地拍照，故选B项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然发现了一个带盖的金属盒子，非常适合放我的前臂。A. examined检查；B. borrowed借；C. spied发现；D. designed设计。根据上文“Suddenly”可知，作者突然发现了一个金属盒子，其它选项不符合语境，故选C项。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只是那个金属盒子不是一个容器：它是一个烧烤架，已经加热了整个早晨。A. cooling down冷却；B. lighting up点亮；C. burning down烧毁；D. heating up加热。根据上文“it was a barbecue”可知，这是一个烧烤架，它已经加热了整个早晨，故选D项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尖叫着立刻移开了我的手臂。A. crossed交叉；B. stretched伸展；C. removed移除；D. folded折叠。根据上文“Screaming in pain”可知，作者因疼痛尖叫并立刻移开了手臂，故选C项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有出现可见的痕迹，当我说我很痛时，也没有人把我当回事。A. visible可见的；B. permanent永久的；C. remaining剩余的；D. extra额外的。根据下文“and no one took me seriously”可知，没人当回事儿，这是因为没有出现可见的烫伤痕迹，故选A项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有出现可见的痕迹，当我说我很痛时，也没有人把我当回事。A. panic恐慌；B. pain痛苦；C. grief悲伤；D. shock震惊。根据上文“Screaming in pain”可知，作者感到的是痛苦，故选B项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船长不愿意使用有限的水源来减轻伤害，我甚至没有朋友可以同情我。A. limited有限的；B. clean干净的；C. sufficient足够的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“the captain of the ship was unwilling”可知，船长之所以不愿意提供淡水，因为淡水供应是有限的，毕竟他们是在一艘船上，故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长不愿意使用有限的水源来减轻伤害，我甚至没有朋友可以同情我。A. cry哭泣；B. socialize社交；C. play玩耍；D. sympathize同情。根据下文“and I didn’t have any friends”可知，这个时候作者需要朋友来表示同情，sympathize with sb.是一个固定搭配，意思是“同情某人”，符合语境。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个女孩，得知我受伤后，提供了一种特殊的烧伤药膏。A. cream乳膏；B. treat款待；C. pill药丸；D. gift礼物。根据下文“for burns”可知，提供给作者的是用于治疗烧伤的乳膏，根据常识判断，烫伤应该用的是乳膏。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定我更满意什么——是治疗还是现在我有了可以依靠的肩膀！A. disappointed失望的；B. faced面对的；C. troubled困扰的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“the medical treatment or just the fact that I now had a shoulder to cry on”可知，无论是获得了救助还是有人可以依靠，作者都应该感到高兴，故选D项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：疼痛减轻了，我能够欣赏海景并与所有酷酷的人一起享受乐趣。A. disappeared消失；B. increased增加；C. eased减轻；D. worsened恶化。根据下文“I was able to enjoy the seascapes and have fun with all the cool people”可知，作者在得到帮助后，疼痛减轻了，所以可以和大家一起享受美景了，故选C项。 第二节单句填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 56-62为词汇语境填空，每空1词(须用选必二U3U4 单词，否则不得分),63-70为单句语法填空。 56.A large quantity of phenomenons (现象),which have puzzled scientists for decades,require further investigation. 57.The process of identification _ (鉴定，确认身份) ,which involves gathering fingerprints and DNA samples,is crucial in criminal investigations. 58.The plants,which are widely distributed (分配，分布)across the continent,have adapted to various climates. 59.The domestic (驯养的，家养的)cat,having adapted to life with humans,has become a beloved pet in many households. 60.Despite the infectious (有感染力的)laughter that filled the room,he couldn't shake off the feeling of unease that lingered inside of him. 61.Students were working on their projects, prohibited (禁止)from using any external sources to ensure the originality of their work. 62.His deniable (deny)talent and dedication make him the perfect candidate for the position,which is clearly seen from his impressive achievements. 63.Evidence has been confirmed so far by British scientists that a powerful volcano erupting under the ice sheet of West Antarctica around 325BC might still be active now 64.The company,which had fallen (fall)victim to a series of cyberattacks,was struggling to regain customers' trust,with its reputation severely damaged. 65.In the last few hours the researchers have been analyzing (analyze)the data collected from the survey,hoping to figure out the trend in consumer behaviour. 66.Tom is always dreaming of becoming a banker and I believe he will be studying (study)finance in university at the age of 20. 67.Had it not .been for the fact that it was raining (rain)at that time,I would have attended your birthday party last night 68.We would have given (give)you a helping hand,but we didn't know you were in trouble at that time. 69.The manager urged that the contract benefiting both parties should be signed(sign)at the meeting, emphasizing the importance of timely cooperation. 70.If they had been warned (warn)of the danger of travelling on the lonely island ahead of time,they would not be trapped there now. 第四部分写作(共两节满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 71.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信说他的父亲经常腰痛，听说中医疗效不错，特来信向你咨询， 请你回复一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1)推荐针灸； 2)介绍针灸及其优点；3)祝愿早日康复。 注意：1、词数不少于80字；2、可适当增添细节，使行文流畅。 第二节(满分25分) 72.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The sound of the helicopter became louder.Hopsand Eric,both 11 years old,were ready. They jumped into action as soon as they heard the helicopter in their community in Calitomia. They heard from the helicopter's loudspeaker that the police were seeking volunteers to heip find Sally.She was a 97-year-old lady with dementia ( 痴 呆 )who wandered away on September 30 from her residential care center.They needed to find Sally before night tall,and it was already about 4.p.m. Hope and Eric,who were hanging out after school in a park near their house,decided to help,and so did Hope's brother John,and John's friend Log at,who were both 13 years old.The four of them rode up and down the surrounding streets for more than an hour,joining dozens of other community volunteers who were looking for the woman,too.Hope's father,Daniel.texted him a photo of Sally so they would be able to recognize her. After breaking briefly for dinner,the kids jumped back on their bike and did another search in their community.They searched parking lots and playgrounds.They looked behind bushes and even checked their primary school. Then,at 6:30 p.m..Hope saw her:a small,thin elderly woman with pale gray hair in a red blouse and white pants.She was slowly approaching a street corner.If Sally had kept walking,she would have soon ended up on the busiest street. "Look!There she is!"Hope shouted immediately. "Yes!Guys,that has to be her,"Logan said excitedly. The kids were delighted to find the old lady and all went over to her.They asked her "What are you doing?", but she didn't really understand them and told the kids to go away.Considering Sally's condition,the kids realized there was an urgent need to inform the police before she ended up on the street with lots of traffic. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1:While the other kids kept talking to Sally,Hope called 911. Para 2:The kids came back home 、shouting that they had found Sally. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北郊高级中学12月阶段性检测 2024.12 一、听力： 略 一、阅读理解 A Disinformation, which is false information spread on purpose, has become a cause of concern recently. In response to this rising global threat, the United Nations Information Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be organizing a two-day conference, DISINFO PACIFIC, on November 11 and 12, 2024. The conference will focus on strategies for preventing and reducing disinformation, as well as applying best practices to address this global challenge. It aims to provide a forum (论坛) for journalists, social media experts, educators, researchers, policy-makers and communications professionals, from within and outside the UN. Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.Requirements: · Outstanding oral and written communication skills · Professional graphic (绘图的) design experience · Prior involvement in designing document layouts · In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps · Working knowledge of the English language Note: A degree in graphic design or a related field is considered a plus.Responsibilities: · Developing a comprehensive social media release plan · Assisting in choosing the right types of media and updating conference information on a daily basis · Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed requirements · Developing a series of social media resources once the final concept is agreed upon, with a particular focus on a youth (university level) student audience Join us now as a social media volunteer and help build a future with less disinformation. You will also have the opportunity to build connections with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn about the ways in which social media communication can support the promotion of a conference centering on disinformation. Find out more at https://app.unv.org/opportunities. 1．According to the passage, volunteers should . A．hold a degree in graphic design B．be able to develop graphic design apps C．have a great communicative competence D．be as fluent in English as native speakers 2．If selected, volunteers will . A．release a UNIC work plan B．help design social media activities C．evaluate the final concept D．provide weekly media updates 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To promote a conference. B．To seek online volunteers. C．To highlight a global threat. D．To introduce an organization. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国信息中心堪培拉分部组织的DISINFO PACIFIC会议，招募社交媒体志愿者的要求和职责。 1．细节理解题。根据文章Requirements:部分“Outstanding oral and written communication skills(出色的口头和书面沟通技巧)”可知，志愿者应具备良好的沟通能力。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Responsibilities:部分“Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed requirements(与我们的通讯团队合作，根据商定的要求创建社交媒体活动)”可知，志愿者将会帮助设计社交媒体活动。故选B。 3．推理判断题。结合全文及文章第三段“Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.(目前，我们正在寻找社交媒体志愿者，为此次会议提供在线支持)”可知，本篇文章的主要目的是为DISINFO PACIFIC会议招募在线志愿者。故选B。 B I’m walking around the house with a severe limp (跛行) and actively second-guessing every decision I’ ve ever made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year. The 7-mile race is in my hometown in Illinois, and I’ ve been doing it almost every year since I was a 12-year-old boy. I reached my peak about 15 years ago and have been performing poorly ever since. Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Tradition, mostly. Besides, I don’t dislike the whole race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve known since childhood, and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor block on the way to the good stuff. That day, I was accompanied to the race by a group of three extremely in-shape people. We all live in the same Indianapolis suburb. These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon (三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me. I didn’t hold much hope for the race— no one puts less pressure on me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt so good that I wondered why I only do this once a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done. Determination and a can-do attitude are no match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line. Still, I can honestly say I gave everything I had. My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a souvenir. A day later, even as my entire body tells me I’m an idiot, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided to keep doing this race as long as my legs can support me. 4．The author ran the race because . A．he wanted to keep the old custom B．he wanted to compete with friends C．he intended to build up his body D．he enjoyed long-distance running 5．Why did the author mention the in-shape people? A．To give his reason for low self-expectation. B．To show his envy of their athletic abilities. C．To emphasize his strong will to win the race. D．To express his confidence in finishing the race. 6．What do we know about the author during the race? A．He struggled from beginning to end. B．He broke his leg at the finishing line. C．He experienced pressure from himself. D．He pushed himself to the limits to make it. 7．How did the author feel after the race? A．Surprised. B．Satisfied. C．Regretful. D．Grateful. 【答案】4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己坚持参加每年在家乡举办的7英里赛跑的经历，尽管跑步过程艰难且成绩不佳，但因传统、赛后社交及免费啤酒等因素，他依然视其为一种乐趣并决定继续参加。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Tradition, mostly.( 如果我不再喜欢它，而且成绩一年比一年差，我为什么还要继续下去呢？主要是，传统。)”可知，作者参加比赛是因为他想保持旧习俗。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第四段中“These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon (三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me.( 这些人日复一日地骑行和跑步，里程数多达数百公里。其中一人已经完成了数十场斯巴达勇士赛，这些比赛要求参赛者穿越泥潭，翻转轮胎和投掷长矛。还有一个人正在为一场铁人三项赛做准备。除了在陆地、水域和骑行方面比我跑得快，他还能比我举得更重。)”可知，作者描述了这些人与他的不同之处，比如他们骑行和跑步的距离更长，参加过斯巴达比赛，训练铁人三项等，这些都表明他们比作者更有运动能力。因此，作者提到这些人是为了给自己的低期望找到合理的解释。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done.(当我跑到6英里时，我的身体发出了警告。我逼着自己，直到我还剩一英里，这时我的腿觉得不行了。)”以及“Determination and a can-do attitude are no match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line.(决心和“我能行”的态度战胜不了重力和距离。我筋疲力尽，慢慢地向终点线走去。)”可知，作者拼尽全力完成比赛，直到最后一英里腿已经无法再跑下去，因此可以得知作者在比赛中竭尽全力。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a souvenir.( 我缓慢、步履艰难的完赛实际上是一场胜利，证明了我付出了我的一切。我不需要一个巨大的杯子来纪念我的英雄事迹。我疼痛的膝盖足以作为纪念。)”可知，尽管作者身体疼痛，但作者仍然认为比赛是成功的，因为他已经竭尽全力，故推断作者在比赛结束后是十分满意的。故选B。 C There are functioning steam railways in other countries: tourists in France can go for a ride in Brittany; so can visitors travelling to the Dandenong Ranges in Australia. But no other country has a heritage railway sector anywhere near as energetic as the UK’s, where more than 170 services cross around 600 miles of track and call at 460 stations. Just a few years after the first of these railways opened at Talyllyn in north Wales, in1951, a fictional Welsh steam engine became the main character in the children’s television serial Ivor the Engine. On lines originally built for slate quarries (石板采石场), north Wales still has the biggest group of steam railways, but they exist in all four nations of the UK, typically operating seasonal timetables in tourist areas. These railways are living museums with stations decorated in period style. Some staff wear costumes too. Up to 95% of the 18. 5m journeys on heritage railways each year are taken by domestic tourists. They owe their popularity to a combination of nostalgia (怀旧), enjoyment of the countryside and enthusiasm for the old engines. Railways are expensive to run, and the first steam preservation enthusiasts recognised that they would need volunteers to make their dream of a revival come true. This reliance on volunteers is partly due to cuts in budgets from local authorities and other funders. But heritage railways are a good example of what can be achieved by a combined paid and voluntary workforce. As well as the economic contribution that the railways make to rural areas, there is evidence that volunteering can have beneficial effects on people as well. The railways will need to respond, like the rest of the society, to environmental policies. The destructive impact of greenhouse gases is an obvious challenge to a sector that trades on an image of coal-powered transport. Electric railway engines are being used for maintenance, to bring emissions down, and some railways are active in wildlife conservation. There will need to be further adaptation down the line. That the railways don’t stand still has always been part of their appeal especially on rainy days in the summer holidays. 8．How are the UK’s steam railways different from other countries'? A．They are active across the countries. B．They serve as tourist attractions. C．They are mainly powered by steam. D．They use small amounts of energy. 9．Why does the author mention Ivor the Engine? A．To spread knowledge of the classic serial. B．To introduce the origin of steam engines. C．To show the popularity of steam railways. D．To share a childhood memory of travelling. 10．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．Volunteers help to keep heritage railways alive. B．Economic growth depends on individual efforts. C．People can’t afford to travel by heritage railway. D．Local officials don’t use old means of transport. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards heritage railways? A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful. C．Appreciative. D．Negative. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．A 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了其他国家也有运营的蒸汽铁路，但英国的遗产铁路业最为活跃。这些铁路不仅是旅游热点，还承载着怀旧情感和对老式机车的热爱。它们依赖志愿者和付费员工的共同努力来维持运营，并对乡村经济做出贡献。同时，铁路部门也在积极适应环境政策，减少排放，参与野生动物保护，展现出不断进取的精神。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But no other country has a heritage railway sector anywhere near as energetic as the UK’s, where more than 170 services cross around 600 miles of track and call at 460 stations.(但没有一个国家的遗产铁路业能与英国相提并论，英国拥有超过170项服务，跨越约600英里的轨道，途经460个车站)”可知，英国的蒸汽铁路在全国都很活跃。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Just a few years after the first of these railways opened at Talyllyn in north Wales, in1951, a fictional Welsh steam engine became the main character in the children’s television serial Ivor the Engine. On lines originally built for slate quarries (石板采石场), north Wales still has the biggest group of steam railways(1951年，威尔士北部塔尔利林的第一条此类铁路开通后仅几年，一部以虚构的威尔士蒸汽机车为主角的儿童电视连续剧《Ivor the Engine》便问世了。在原本为石板采石场修建的铁路线上，威尔士北部至今仍拥有规模最大的蒸汽铁路群)”可推知，作者提到《Ivor the Engine》是为了展示蒸汽铁路的受欢迎程度。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Railways are expensive to run, and the first steam preservation enthusiasts recognised that they would need volunteers to make their dream of a revival come true. This reliance on volunteers is partly due to cuts in budgets from local authorities and other funders.(铁路运营成本高昂，而早期的蒸汽机车保护爱好者们认识到，要实现复兴的梦想，他们需要志愿者。这种对志愿者的依赖部分原因是地方当局和其他资助者削减了预算)”可推知，志愿者帮助保持遗产铁路的活力。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“These railways are living museums with stations decorated in period style.(这些铁路是活生生的博物馆，车站装饰着时代风格)”和文章最后一段“Electric railway engines are being used for maintenance, to bring emissions down, and some railways are active in wildlife conservation. There will need to be further adaptation down the line.(电动铁路机车正被用于维护工作以减少排放，一些铁路公司也在积极参与野生动物保护。未来还需要沿着这一方向进行更多的适应性调整)”可推知，作者对遗产铁路持有赞赏的态度。故选C。 D Artificial intelligence-powered medical treatment options are on the rise and have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, but a new study found that about almost half of participants would choose a human doctor rather than AI for diagnosis and treatment. “While many patients appear resistant to the use of AI, accuracy of information and a slight push from physicians may help increase acceptance,” Dr. Slepian mentioned the study’s other primary finding: that a human touch can help clinical practices use AI to their advantage and earn patients’ trust. “To ensure the benefits of AI are secured in clinical practice, future research on best methods of physician involvement and patient decision making is required.” In the study, participants were asked whether they would prefer to have an AI system or a physical doctor for diagnosis and treatment, and under what circumstances. Researchers conducted structured interviews with actual patients, testing their reactions to current and future AI technologies. Then they. polled 2,472 participants across diverse ethnic, racial and socioeconomic groups using a blinded, randomized survey. Overall, participants were almost evenly split, with more than 52% choosing human doctors as a preference versus approximately 47% choosing an AI diagnostic method. If study participants were informed their primary care physicians felt AI was superior, the acceptance of AI by study participants on re-questioning increased. This signaled the significance of the human physician in guiding a patient’s decision. Disease severity didn’t affect participants’ trust in AI. Compared to White participants, Black ones selected AI less often and Native Americans more often. Older participants were less likely to choose it, as were those who self-identified as politically conservative. These findings suggest differing groups will need specific attention as to informing them as to the value and usefulness of AI to enhance diagnoses. “I feel this study will guide many future studies and clinical translational decisions even now,” Dr. Slepian said. “The onus will be on physicians and others in health care to ensure that information in AI systems is accurate, and to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.” 12．What can be inferred from Dr. Slepian’s words in Paragraph 2? A．Most patients are still doubtful about AI medical treatment. B．Human physicians can do a lot to promote AI medical treatment. C．The unacceptance of AI is mainly due to the inaccuracy of information. D．The reality that patients choose human doctors limits the development of AI. 13．What’s the key factor in increasing participants’ preference for AI treatment? A．The gravity of the disease. B．The guidance of the physician. C．The superiority of AI system. D．The personal background of the participant. 14．What does the underlined word “onus” in the last paragraph mean? A．Responsibility. B．Attempt. C．Dependence. D．Focus. 15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Trust in AI: A Split among Patients. B．Bridging the Gap: Human Doctors and AI. C．An Important Study: The Future of AI Systems. D．Improving Diagnostic Accuracy: The Role of AI. 【答案】12．B 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了患者对AI医疗的信任问题，并指出患者在选择AI和人类医生时存在分歧。 12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““While many patients appear resistant to the use of AI, accuracy of information and a slight push from physicians may help increase acceptance,” Dr. Slepian mentioned the study’s other primary finding: that a human touch can help clinical practices use AI to their advantage and earn patients’ trust. “To ensure the benefits of AI are secured in clinical practice, future research on best methods of physician involvement and patient decision making is required.”(“虽然许多患者似乎对人工智能的使用持抵制态度,但信息的准确性和医生的轻微推动可能有助于提高接受 度，“Slepian博士提到了该研究的另一个主要发现:人性化的接触可以帮助临床实践利用人工智能并赢得患者的信任。”为了确保人工智能的好处在临床实践中得到保障,需要对医生参与和患者决策的最佳方法进行未来的研究。”)可知,从斯莱皮安博士的话可 以推断人类医生可以做很多事情来促进人工智能医疗，故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段“If study participants were informed their primary care physicians felt AI was superior, the acceptance of AI by study participants on re-questioning increased. This signaled the significance of the human physician in guiding a patient’s decision.”（如果研究参与者被告知他们的初级保健医生认为人工智能更优越，那么研究参与者对人工智能的接受度就会增加。这标志着人类医生在指导病人做出决定方面的重要性。）可知，医生的指导是增加参与者对AI治疗偏好的关键因素。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.”（并继续保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性，因为它们将在未来的医疗保健中发挥越来越大的作用。）可知，保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性的医生和其他医疗保健人员，所以医生和其他医疗保健人员有责任确保人工智能系统中的信息准确。所以划线词的意思是“责任”。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence-powered medical treatment options are on the rise and have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, but a new study found that about almost half of participants would choose a human doctor rather than AI for diagnosis and treatment.”（人工智能驱动的医疗选择正在增加，并有可能提高诊断的准确性，但一项新的研究发现，大约一半的参与者会选择人类医生而不是人工智能进行诊断和治疗。）和最后一段““I feel this study will guide many future studies and clinical translational decisions even now,” Dr. Slepian said. “The onus will be on physicians and others in health care to ensure that information in AI systems is accurate, and to continue to maintain and enhance the accuracy of AI systems as they will play an increasing role in the future of health care.”(斯菜皮安博士说:“我觉得即使现在,这项研究也将指导许多未来的研究和临床转化决策。”“医生和其他医疗保健人员将有责任确保人工智能系统中的信息准确无误,并继续维护和提高人工智能系统的准确性,因为它们将在未来的医疗保健中发挥越来越大的作用。”)”可知，本文主要说明了人类医生和人工智能的关系，通过人类医生的帮助来提供人类对人工智能的信心。B选项“弥合差距:人类医生与人工智能”符合文意。故选B。 三、七选五 How Loneliness Is Killing Us Loneliness is absolutely an epidemic (流行病) in our society, but it’s been growing for decades. Loneliness is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be.” 16 And that makes it different from isolation (独处). I can deliberately isolate myself and feel great about that, but only you can tell if you’re lonely. 17 In some studies, as many as, 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time. Young adults aged 16 to 24 are the loneliest age group. There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part because of the rise of private cars. We’ve become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education. 18 But then it tears us away from the communities we are born into and spend much of our lives creating. When television came into the American home, there was more of a decline in investing in our communities. And that was made worse as the digital revolution gave us more and more screens to look at. Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. 19 In addition, people who are lonely in late life have more rapid brain decline. The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of wellbeing is to invest in our relationships with other people. 20 .You belong. You matter. You’re connected. A．It’s a very subjective experience. B．All of that is good on the one hand. C．You may feel lost and may have low confidence. D．Stress coming from loneliness causes physical breakdown. E．Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people. F．People go to faraway colleges and only get in touch with families on screen. G．A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable. 【答案】16．A 17．E 18．B 19．D 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对我们的影响。 16．由上文“Loneliness is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be”.孤独是一种“我和别人的联系比我想要的少”的感觉)”可知，这里在具体描述孤独是一种怎样的状态，而A项It’s a very subjective experience.(这是一种非常主观的体验)符合语境，其中It指代上文的 Loneliness，subjective与上文I want to be对应，所以本句有承上作用。故选A项。 17．由下文“In some studies, as many as, 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time. (在一些研究中，多达60%的人会说他们大部分时间都感到孤独)”可知，这里讲很多人会感觉到孤独，而E项Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people.(自20世纪50年代以来，人们对他人的投入的沟通时间越来越少)符合语境，与下句构成因果关系，所以有启下作用。故选E项。 18．由上文“There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part because of the rise of private care. We’ve become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education.(造成这种情况的因素有很多。自20世纪50年代以来，孤独感呈上升趋势，部分原因是私人护理的兴起。我们已经成为一个流动性更强的社会，随着人们为工作和教育等其他机会而流动，家人和朋友的网络变得松散)”可知，这里在讲造成孤独的因素。而B项All of that is good on the one hand.(一方面，这一切都很好)符合语境，that指代上文列举的具体情况， 本句也与but引导的后文形成转折关系。故选B项。 19．由上文“Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. (研究发现孤独对我们的健康是危险的)”可知，孤独对我们的健康是危险的，而D项Stress coming from loneliness causes physical breakdown.(孤独带来的压力会导致身体崩溃)符合语境，其中physical breakdown与上文dangerous to our health对应，所以本句有承上作用。故选D项。 20．由上文“The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of wellbeing is to invest in our relationships with other people.(我们可以做出的选择是投资于我们与他人的关系，以保持我们的健康)”可知，这里讲我们可以投资于我们与他人的关系来保持我们的健康，而G项A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable.(一个好方法是在别人周围找一个你觉得舒服的活动)符合语境，本句为改善我们与他人的关系的具体建议，所以有承上作用。故选G项。 四、完形填空 Long ago, I was traveling around Australia with two friends, but we finally 21 due to their new plans, so I signed up for a boat trip with only a dozen of beers for 22 . Everyone on the boat, except me, was with a group of friends. Rather than risk being 23 as a strange guy, I started taking photos 24 . I walked to the back of the boat to take a 25 . If only there was something to lean on, I thought. Suddenly I 26 a metal box with a cover perfect for placing my forearms on. Only the metal box was not a container: it was a barbecue that had been 27 all morning. Screaming in pain, I 28 my arms immediately. No 29 marks appeared, and no one took me seriously when I said I was in huge 30 . The captain of the ship was unwilling to use the 31 water supply to relieve the damage, and I didn’t have any friends even just to 32 with me. Then, one girl, learning of my wounds, offered me a special 33 for burns. It turned out she was from London that just happens to be where I was born! I’m not sure what I was 34 with — the medical treatment or just the fact that I now had a shoulder to cry on! After a bit of treatment and a few beers, I felt much better. The pain 35 and I was able to enjoy the seascapes and have fun with all the cool people. In that moment, I realized I was never truly alone on my journey. 21．A．fought B．parted C．withdrew D．hesitated 22．A．company B．freedom C．celebration D．supply 23．A．admired B．named C．respected D．labeled 24．A．secretly B．repeatedly C．casually D．desperately 25．A．walk B．shot C．breath D．seat 26．A．examined B．borrowed C．spied D．designed 27．A．cooling down B．lighting up C．burning down D．heating up 28．A．crossed B．stretched C．removed D．folded 29．A．visible B．permanent C．remaining D．extra 30．A．panic B．pain C．grief D．shock 31．A．limited B．clean C．sufficient D．reliable 32．A．cry B．socialize C．play D．sympathize 33．A．cream B．treat C．pill D．gift 34．A．disappointed B．faced C．troubled D．pleased 35．A．disappeared B．increased C．eased D．worsened 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在澳大利亚独自旅行时的一段经历。在一次船游中，作者不慎将手臂放在了一个被加热了整个早晨的烧烤架上，造成了烫伤。尽管起初没有人重视他的痛苦，但最终一位来自伦敦的女孩伸出了援手，提供了帮助，让作者感受到了旅途中的温暖和陪伴。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，我和两个朋友一起环游澳大利亚，但由于他们的新计划，我们最终分开了，所以我报名参加了一个只有一打啤酒作为陪伴的船游。A. fought打架；B. parted分离；C. withdrew撤退；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“due to their new plans”可知，由于朋友们有了新计划，他们最终分开了，故选B项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，我和两个朋友一起环游澳大利亚，但由于他们的新计划，我们最终分开了，所以我报名参加了一个只有一打啤酒作为陪伴的船游。A. company陪伴；B. freedom自由；C. celebration庆祝；D. supply供应。根据上文“but we finally parted”可知，朋友们离开了作者，作者孤身一人，只有啤酒作为旅行的陪伴，故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿不冒险被标记为一个奇怪的人，所以我开始随意地拍照。A. admired钦佩；B. named命名；C. respected尊重；D. labeled标记。根据下文“as a strange guy”可知，作者不想被当作一个奇怪的人，be labeled as也是个固定搭配，意思是“被定义为”，符合语境，故选D项。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿不冒险被标记为一个奇怪的人，所以我开始随意地拍照。A. secretly秘密地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. casually随意地；D. desperately拼命地。根据下文“I walked to the back of the boat”可知，作者在船上走动，开始随意地拍照，故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到船的后面去拍照。A. walk步行；B. shot射击；拍照；C. breath呼吸；D. seat座位。根据上文“I started taking photos”可知，作者是在随意地拍照，故选B项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然发现了一个带盖的金属盒子，非常适合放我的前臂。A. examined检查；B. borrowed借；C. spied发现；D. designed设计。根据上文“Suddenly”可知，作者突然发现了一个金属盒子，其它选项不符合语境，故选C项。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只是那个金属盒子不是一个容器：它是一个烧烤架，已经加热了整个早晨。A. cooling down冷却；B. lighting up点亮；C. burning down烧毁；D. heating up加热。根据上文“it was a barbecue”可知，这是一个烧烤架，它已经加热了整个早晨，故选D项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尖叫着立刻移开了我的手臂。A. crossed交叉；B. stretched伸展；C. removed移除；D. folded折叠。根据上文“Screaming in pain”可知，作者因疼痛尖叫并立刻移开了手臂，故选C项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有出现可见的痕迹，当我说我很痛时，也没有人把我当回事。A. visible可见的；B. permanent永久的；C. remaining剩余的；D. extra额外的。根据下文“and no one took me seriously”可知，没人当回事儿，这是因为没有出现可见的烫伤痕迹，故选A项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有出现可见的痕迹，当我说我很痛时，也没有人把我当回事。A. panic恐慌；B. pain痛苦；C. grief悲伤；D. shock震惊。根据上文“Screaming in pain”可知，作者感到的是痛苦，故选B项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船长不愿意使用有限的水源来减轻伤害，我甚至没有朋友可以同情我。A. limited有限的；B. clean干净的；C. sufficient足够的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“the captain of the ship was unwilling”可知，船长之所以不愿意提供淡水，因为淡水供应是有限的，毕竟他们是在一艘船上，故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长不愿意使用有限的水源来减轻伤害，我甚至没有朋友可以同情我。A. cry哭泣；B. socialize社交；C. play玩耍；D. sympathize同情。根据下文“and I didn’t have any friends”可知，这个时候作者需要朋友来表示同情，sympathize with sb.是一个固定搭配，意思是“同情某人”，符合语境。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个女孩，得知我受伤后，提供了一种特殊的烧伤药膏。A. cream乳膏；B. treat款待；C. pill药丸；D. gift礼物。根据下文“for burns”可知，提供给作者的是用于治疗烧伤的乳膏，根据常识判断，烫伤应该用的是乳膏。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定我更满意什么——是治疗还是现在我有了可以依靠的肩膀！A. disappointed失望的；B. faced面对的；C. troubled困扰的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“the medical treatment or just the fact that I now had a shoulder to cry on”可知，无论是获得了救助还是有人可以依靠，作者都应该感到高兴，故选D项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：疼痛减轻了，我能够欣赏海景并与所有酷酷的人一起享受乐趣。A. disappeared消失；B. increased增加；C. eased减轻；D. worsened恶化。根据下文“I was able to enjoy the seascapes and have fun with all the cool people”可知，作者在得到帮助后，疼痛减轻了，所以可以和大家一起享受美景了，故选C项。 第二节单句填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 56-62为词汇语境填空，每空1词(须用选必二U3U4 单词，否则不得分),63-70为单句语法填空。 56.A large quantity of phenomenons (现象),which have puzzled scientists for decades,require further investigation. 57.The process of identification _ (鉴定，确认身份) ,which involves gathering fingerprints and DNA samples,is crucial in criminal investigations. 58.The plants,which are widely distributed (分配，分布)across the continent,have adapted to various climates. 59.The domestic (驯养的，家养的)cat,having adapted to life with humans,has become a beloved pet in many households. 60.Despite the infectious (有感染力的)laughter that filled the room,he couldn't shake off the feeling of unease that lingered inside of him. 61.Students were working on their projects, prohibited (禁止)from using any external sources to ensure the originality of their work. 62.His deniable (deny)talent and dedication make him the perfect candidate for the position,which is clearly seen from his impressive achievements. 63.Evidence has been confirmed so far by British scientists that a powerful volcano erupting under the ice sheet of West Antarctica around 325BC might still be active now 64.The company,which had fallen (fall)victim to a series of cyberattacks,was struggling to regain customers' trust,with its reputation severely damaged. 65.In the last few hours the researchers have been analyzing (analyze)the data collected from the survey,hoping to figure out the trend in consumer behaviour. 66.Tom is always dreaming of becoming a banker and I believe he will be studying (study)finance in university at the age of 20. 67.Had it not .been for the fact that it was raining (rain)at that time,I would have attended your birthday party last night 68.We would have given (give)you a helping hand,but we didn't know you were in trouble at that time. 69.The manager urged that the contract benefiting both parties should be signed(sign)at the meeting, emphasizing the importance of timely cooperation. 70.If they had been warned (warn)of the danger of travelling on the lonely island ahead of time,they would not be trapped there now. 第四部分写作(共两节满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 71.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信说他的父亲经常腰痛，听说中医疗效不错，特来信向你咨询， 请你回复一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1)推荐针灸； 2)介绍针灸及其优点；3)祝愿早日康复。 注意：1、词数不少于80字；2、可适当增添细节，使行文流畅。 第二节(满分25分) 72.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The sound of the helicopter became louder.Hopsand Eric,both 11 years old,were ready. They jumped into action as soon as they heard the helicopter in their community in Calitomia. They heard from the helicopter's loudspeaker that the police were seeking volunteers to heip find Sally.She was a 97-year-old lady with dementia ( 痴 呆 )who wandered away on September 30 from her residential care center.They needed to find Sally before night tall,and it was already about 4.p.m. Hope and Eric,who were hanging out after school in a park near their house,decided to help,and so did Hope's brother John,and John's friend Log at,who were both 13 years old.The four of them rode up and down the surrounding streets for more than an hour,joining dozens of other community volunteers who were looking for the woman,too.Hope's father,Daniel.texted him a photo of Sally so they would be able to recognize her. After breaking briefly for dinner,the kids jumped back on their bike and did another search in their community.They searched parking lots and playgrounds.They looked behind bushes and even checked their primary school. Then,at 6:30 p.m..Hope saw her:a small,thin elderly woman with pale gray hair in a red blouse and white pants.She was slowly approaching a street corner.If Sally had kept walking,she would have soon ended up on the busiest street. "Look!There she is!"Hope shouted immediately. "Yes!Guys,that has to be her,"Logan said excitedly. The kids were delighted to find the old lady and all went over to her.They asked her "What are you doing?", but she didn't really understand them and told the kids to go away.Considering Sally's condition,the kids realized there was an urgent need to inform the police before she ended up on the street with lots of traffic. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1:While the other kids kept talking to Sally,Hope called 911. Para 2:The kids came back home 、shouting that they had found Sally. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$