专题05核心知识点+题型训练（选择性必修一）复习-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（外研版2019）

专题05 核心知识点和题型训练（选择性必修一）复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. 核心词汇 2. 重点短语 3. 长难句分析 4. 题型训练 ( 核心词汇 ) 1. mood n. 心情 2. amusement n. 娱乐，消遣 3. entertain v. 使快乐 4. examine v. 检查（身体） 5. essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 6. deserve v. 应得，应受到 7. interaction n. 交流 8. fellow n. 男人，家伙 9. concept n. 概念，观念 10.whisper v. 悄声说，低语 11. conclude v. 结束，终止 12. composer n. 作曲家 13. pace n. 速度，进度 14. rarely adv. 很少，难得 15. rejection n. 拒绝，否决 16. nevertheless adv. 然而，不过 17. classic n. 名著；经典作品 18. guarantee v. 保证，确保 19. outcome n. 结果，后果 20. worthwhile adj. 重要的，值得做的 21. enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的 22. appreciative adj. 感激的 23. worthy adj. 值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 24. permanent adj. 长久的，永久的 25. embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 26. expectation n. 预料，预期 27. remarkable adj. 非凡的，不寻常的 28. vivid adj. 生动的，逼真的 29. assign v.分配，分派 30. opponent n.对手 31. defeat v. 战胜，打败 32. cooperation n. 合作，协作 33. intense adj. 紧张的，激烈的 34. motion n. 动，运动 35. abstract adj. 抽象的 36. innovative adj. 新颖的，创新的 37. trend n. 趋势，动向 38. contrast n. 反差，对比 39. literally adv.根据字面意思 40. distinct adj. 清晰的；明显不同的 41. distant adj. 遥远的 42. sample n. 样本 43. suspect v. 猜想，怀疑，觉得 44. generate v. 产生，创造 45. characteristic n. 特征，特性 46. decline v. 减少 47. blame v. 责怪，指责 48. primitive adj. 原始的，低等的 49. detect v. 发现，察觉 50. link v. 把……联系起来；连接 51. massive adj. 巨大的 52. delicate adj. 脆弱的 53. splendid adj. 壮丽的 54. leisure n. 空闲，闲暇 55. wander v. 徘徊 56. disturb v. 干扰，扰乱 57. favour n. 支持，赞同 58. preference n. 优先（权） 59. negotiable adj. 可协商的 60. qualification n. 技能条件，资格 【考点再现】 单词拼写 1. Don’t spend your vacation is a place where everything is too expensive to maintain a positive _____.(心情) 2. The teacher _________（使快乐）the students for hours with stories in order to cheer them up. 3. The doctor _______（检查）her but could find nothing wrong except that she was in a bad mood. 4. I _______（很少）have time to think about how to deal with a bad mood at work. 5. Like those early days for employers, I faced a lot of ________（拒绝）and frustrations. 6. He was emotional in such an awkward situation. _______（然而）， he succeeded in holding back his emotions. 7. The linguist’s manuscript should be _________（保证）to be safely shifted to another library. 8. The plan of the cooperation has succeeded beyond our ___________.（预期） 9. There will always be someone who wants to destroy your ______（自信）and make you doubt your dream of becoming a real warrior. 10. The composer included some _______（民间的）music elements in his new song. 11. The essay was full of complicated ______. (引语) 12. The outline of the ship became more ________（清晰的）. 13. Some phrases cannot just be translated ________（根据字面意思）, for example, “long face”, which actually means unhappy. 14. A technician must be full of ideas of _________（创新）to be outstanding in the intense competition. 15. The roots of the plant are extremely ________（脆弱的）and can be damaged by polluted water. 16. Tourists from all over the world come to see the _________（壮丽的）scenery of the plateau. 17. Antelopes are eating grass at their ________（闲暇）in the boundless stretch of the grassland. 18. The fellow ________（徘徊）aimlessly around the streets. 19. The economy of the country has risen ______（平稳地）in the past two years. 20. The effect of the emissions of carbon dioxide on the environment is________（巨大的）. 【答案】 1. mood 2. entertained 3. examined 4. rarely 5. rejections 6. nevertheless 7. guaranteed 8. expectation 9. self-belief 10. folk 11. quotes 12. distinct 13. literally 14. innovation 15. delicate 16. splendid 17. leisure 18. wandered 19. steadily 20. massive ( 必背短语 ) 1. look through 浏览，快速查看 2. cheer up 使高兴起来，使振作起来 3. concentrate on 集中注意力于；全神贯注于 4. take off 飞机起飞；开始成功 5. take away 带走，拿走 6. make sense 有意义，有道理 7. throw light on 使容易理解 8. fall behind 不能按时完成工作 9. have … in common with…与……有共同之处 10. struggle to do sth. 努力/争取做某事 11. have an effect on 对……有 影响 12. come across 偶然遇见，偶然发现 13. team up with 与……合作，与……协作 14. a far cry from 与……大不相同 15. attach…to…把……固定在……上 16. give way 倒塌，向下垮 17. follow in one’s footsteps 仿效某人；继承某人 18. carry on 继续；进行 19. end up 结果为……，以……结束 20. set out 开始，着手；出发，动身 21. pay off 取得成功，奏效 22. inspire sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓舞某人做某事 23. pass down 把……传给后人；把……往下传 24. bring out 使显现，使表现出 25. be tired from 因……而疲倦 26. be amazed by 对……感到惊奇 27. make up 组成；构成；编造；化妆 28. a variety of 各种各样的 29. be accessible to 可以进入；可以使用；可以接近 30. up to 达到；胜任；由……决定 31. date back to 起源于；追溯到 32. answer the call 响应号召；接电话 33. come to exist 开始存在 34. adapt to 适应 35. be harmful to 对……有害 36. at one’s leisure 空闲时 37. bring … to life 使……更有趣；使……更生动 38. be concerned about 关心；挂念 39. highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性 40. in favor of 支持，赞同 【考点再现】 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．It was your encouragement and support that __________________(使我振作起来) and helped me get through the hard times. 2．If the data is statistically valid, it will (使较容易理解) the problem we are investigating. 3．I can't believe he asked me about private questions in front of the whole office. He really___________________________(使我难堪)． 4．What do great scientists (有……共同点)? 5．The beautiful place is (与……大不相同) where many of them live. 6． a recent photograph (把……附在)your application form. 7．The old house (倒塌) and many people were trapped under the ruins. 8．After graduation, Liu Gang decided to (追随他祖父的脚步) and work on the family farm. 9．The government _____________________(开始做) make necessary reforms recently to raise people's living standards. 10．We thought John would do well, but he has succeeded (超出了我们的预期)． 11．Yang Liping's dance comes from the traditional belief of the Dai people and aims to (展示) the Dai women's beauty. 12．We didn't ask for all the challenges that we face, but we're determined to _____________(响应号召) to meet them. 13．This kind of plant (产生) on Earth millions of years ago. 14．As long as people have a belief and pursue something, they can endure any hardship and ____________________(适应) any environment. 15．The island offers such (各种各样的) scenery and wildlife that it attracts many tourists. 16. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass ____________________(悠闲地). 17.Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands the scenery (使……更生动). 18.With everyone seated, the head teacher began the meeting, (强调……的重要性) self­discipline for senior high students. 19.This company (由……组成) more than twenty branches all over the country in 2021. 20.We are all (支持) spending whatever is necessary to fight air pollution. 【答案】 1. cheered me up 2. throw light on 3. put me on the spot 4. have in common 5. a far cry from 6. Attach to 7. gave way 8. follow in his grandfather’s footsteps 9. has set out to 10. beyond our expectations 11. bring out 12. answer the call 13. came to exist 14. adapt to 15. a variety of 16. at their leisure 17. bring to life 18. highlighting the importance of 19. was made up of 20. in favour of ( 重点句式 ) 1. 强调句型 教材原句 Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it’s my job to make her feel better. 尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 句式仿写 __________________________________ kindled her interest in music. 是她的老师激发了他对音乐的兴趣。 2. 部分否定 教材原句 Achieving a positive state of mind isn’t easy for everyone. 达到积极的形态并非对每个人来说都是容易的。 句式仿写 _________________ acts the same in response to events. 并非每个人对事件的反应都一样。 3. 独立主格结构 教材原句 The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence. 出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。 句式仿写 __________________________, he felt relaxed. 问题解决了，他感觉轻松了。 4. with复合结构 教材原句 Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages. 《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。 句式仿写 With _____________, I had to take a taxi. 有这么多行李要拿，我不得不乘坐出租车。 5. “only+状语”位于句首引起的部分倒装 教材原句 Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen. 只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。 句式仿写 Only when we follow the laws of nature ______________________________. 只有当我们遵守自然法则时我们才能更好地与大自然和谐相处。 6. that引导地同位语从句 教材原句 Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become. 斯蒂芬库里也生动地证明了别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么人。 句式仿写 They were delighted at __________________ their team had won. 当听到他们球队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 7. 过去分词（短语）作状语 教材原句 Led by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high. 作为知名的前中国女排运动员和中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。 句式仿写 _______________________, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher. 当被问到未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。 8. 不定式作主语 教材原句 To listen to Tan’s music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. 欣赏谭盾的音乐，就是在感受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。 句式仿写 ________________ is to believe. 眼见为实。 9. so that 引导目的状语从句 教材原句 Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides. 科学家希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于种植不用使用农药的农作物。 句式仿写 Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them ________________________ understand each other better. 父母和孩子应该多交流，缩小他们之间的代沟，一边更好地理解彼此。 10. even though/even if引导让步状语从句 教材原句 Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources. 虽然该公司老板保证设计将与周围优美地环境相协调，但当地人仍然担心酒店会耗尽自然资源。 句式仿写 ___________________ we achieved great success in our work, we should not be proud. 尽管在工作中取得了巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。 【答案】 1. It was her teacher who/that 2. Not everyone 3. The problem solved 4. so much baggage to carry 5. can we better get along with it 6. the news that 7. Asked her future plans 8. To see 9. so that they can 10. Even if/though ( 题型训练 ) 1、 阅读理解 A An important development in forensic science, the scientific methods used for finding out about a crime, has come from cooperative efforts between researchers at Shanghai Normal University in China and the University of Bath in the UK. The teamwork has led to the creation of a water-soluble fluorescent spray (水溶性荧光喷雾) that significantly advanced the detection of possible fingerprints. Unlike traditional methods that often involve the use of poisonous or environmentally harmful chemicals, this innovative spray offers a safer and greener choice. By targeting the invisible prints left behind by sweat or oil on surfaces, the spray quickly makes them visible within seconds, promoting convenience and speed in forensic investigations. According to researchers, its water solubility further improves its applicability, allowing for adaptable use directly at crime scenes. Detecting latent (hidden) fingerprints (LFPs) is important in forensic science, but their invisible nature poses challenges. Traditional methods like powder dusting and chemicals have limitations in speed and safety. Using the fluorescence properties of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), the researchers have developed two distinct dyes (染料) — LFP-Yellow and LFP-Red to address these challenges. These dyes exhibit an “off-on” fluorescence response upon different parts of LFPs, by selectively attaching to small elements present in fingerprints. Under blue light, they give out a soft fluorescent light, enabling easy detection. Developed from jellyfish (水母；海蜇), GFP serves as a biological basis for these dyes, ensuring they do not affect the following DNA analysis of the fingerprints. According to researchers, applying these dyes involves a fine spray, which prevents damaging spots and offers a cleaner way, compared to traditional methods. It works perfectly even on rough surfaces like brick, where collecting fingerprints can be particularly arduous. “This system can even be used on fingerprints that are a week old. Having two different colors available means the spray can be used on different colored surfaces. We’re hoping to produce more colors in the future. We’re looking for cooperation with various companies to bring the dyes to market for wide availability. Additionally, ongoing research and development efforts will be needed to continue to improve their products,” said Professor Tony James, from the University of Bath. 1．What is the advantage of the new spray over previous methods? A．It’s more accurate and applicable. B．It’s more effective and eco-friendly. C．It’s colorful and easy to produce. D．It’s cleaner and convenient to carry. 2．How do the two dyes make LFPs visible? A．By helping collect and analyze the DNA of them. B．By attaching to them and exhibiting them as fluorescent light. C．By taking in fluorescence and reflecting blue light to them. D．By slowing down the fluorescence response of finger elements. 3．What does the underlined word “arduous” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．Practical. B．Fruitful. C．Debatable. D．Difficult. 4．What do Tony James’ words intend to say about the spray? A．Its limitations on fingerprints’ existence time will be removed. B．It will be applied to various fields in the future. C．Its improvement can promise a brighter future. D．It could replace DNA analysis in forensics. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中英两国研究人员合作开发的一种新型水溶性荧光喷雾在指纹检测中的应用及其优势。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlike traditional methods that often involve the use of poisonous or environmentally harmful chemicals, this innovative spray offers a safer and greener choice.(与传统方法常常使用有毒或对环境有害的化学物质不同，这种创新的喷雾提供了一个更安全、更环保的选择)”及第三段中“By targeting the invisible prints left behind by sweat or oil on surfaces, the spray quickly makes them visible within seconds, promoting convenience and speed in forensic investigations.(通过针对留在表面的汗液或油脂留下的隐形指纹，这种喷雾能在几秒钟内迅速使它们显现出来，从而提高了犯罪现场调查的便利性和速度)”可知，与传统方法相比，这种新型喷雾更安全、更环保，而且可以在几秒内使指纹显现出来，更有效率。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Using the fluorescence properties of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), the researchers have developed two distinct dyes (染料) — LFP-Yellow and LFP-Red to address these challenges. These dyes exhibit an ‘off-on’ fluorescence response upon different parts of LFPs, by selectively attaching to small elements present in fingerprints. Under blue light, they give out a soft fluorescent light, enabling easy detection.(利用绿色荧光蛋白的荧光特性，研究人员开发了两种不同的染料——LFP-Yellow和LFP-Red，以应对这些挑战。这两种染料在与指纹中的微小元素选择性结合后，对隐性指纹的不同部分表现出‘关闭-开启’的荧光反应。在蓝光照射下，它们发出柔和的荧光，使得指纹易于检测)”可知，这两种染料通过与指纹中的小元素结合，并在蓝光下发出柔和的荧光，从而使潜在指纹可见。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“According to researchers, applying these dyes involves a fine spray, which prevents damaging spots and offers a cleaner way, compared to traditional methods. It works perfectly even on rough surfaces like brick, where collecting fingerprints can be particularly arduous.(据研究人员介绍，使用这些染料时采用的是细喷雾的方式，这可以防止损坏指纹，并且相比传统方法更为清洁。即使在砖块等粗糙表面上，这种方法也能完美工作，而在这些表面上收集指纹通常是arduous)”可知，这种喷雾可以避免指纹被破坏而且更加干净，砖块表面粗糙，这种试剂在砖块表面上也可以让人顺利采集指纹，而在这样粗糙的表面上收集指纹应该是困难的，故可推知arduous意为“困难的”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Tony James的话：“We’re looking for cooperation with various companies to bring the dyes to market for wide availability. Additionally, ongoing research and development efforts will be needed to continue to improve their products(我们正在寻求与各类公司合作，将这些染料推向市场，以实现广泛供应。此外，持续的研究和开发工作将是必要的，以不断改进这些产品)” 可推知，Tony James表达了对未来进一步改进和推广这种喷雾的期望，Tony James的话想说的是这种喷雾的改进可以带来一个更光明的未来。故选C。 B When you accomplish something amazing — like earning a promotion, finishing a yearlong project or finally paying off your credit card debts — you’d think a burst of happiness would be followed by relief. You can even relax a little. Right? Not for everyone. It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard. “Anxiety can be a bit tricky, as it’s a response that’s hard-wired into the brain,” said Carla Marie Manly, a California-based clinical psychologist and author of Joy from Fear. “The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.” There are some things you can do when accomplishing something positive triggers (触发) more anxiety. But even when you are able to distinguish between feelings of excitement (good stress) and panic (bad stress) after success, the climb down from Mount Euphoria can be an anxiety trigger in itself. When your body becomes accustomed to a long-time state of anxiety, the positive physiological changes that happen after good news can trigger the sense that something isn’t right — simply because you’ re not used to feeling good. This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm, said Jo Eckler, a Texas-based clinical psychologist and author of I Can’t Fix You — Because You’re Not Broken. Instead of enjoying the moment, you spend that time waiting for the other shoe to drop. 5．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Bad news usually results in anxiety. B．Sometimes, success may contribute to more anxiety. C．Feelings have nothing to do with success. D．A promotion is sure to make people excited. 6．What leads people to be anxious when something good happens according to Manly? A．The rate of people’s brain reaction. B．The ability to distinguish feelings. C．The working speed of the brain’s fear circuit. D．The number of good things that happen. 7．Which of the following is stated by Jo Eckler? A．Nothing can prevent people’s anxiety after happiness. B．It’s time for people to forget bad things that happened in the past. C．Anxiety happens after success for people accustomed to feeling bad. D．The worry about bad future events can make people feel more anxious. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Deal with Anxiety in Life. B．How to Feel Much Happier After Anxiety. C．Why You Get More Anxious After Good News Happens. D．The Reasons for Being Afraid Something Good Will Happen. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了为什么人们在好消息或成功之后反而会感到更加焦虑的现象。文章通过引用心理学家和临床心理学家的观点，解释了这一现象背后的原因，并指出了一些应对策略。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard.(实际上，在好消息或来之不易的成功之后感到比救火或努力工作时更加焦虑并不罕见)”可知，成功有时反而会导致更多的焦虑。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.(大脑的恐惧回路工作得非常快，它并不总是停下来区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑。所以，当好事发生时，你感受到的身体症状与你与恐慌或恐惧相关的症状相似)”可知，大脑恐惧回路的工作速度很快，无法区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑，所以当好事发生时，人们会感到焦虑。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm.(这种反应也可能因为一种潜在的信念而变得更糟，即好事之后可能会跟着坏事发生——也许是因为，在过去，发生在你身上的坏事往往发生在你做得很好或事情相对平静的时候)”可知，Jo Eckler认为对不好的未来事件的担忧会让人感到更加焦虑。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了有时候成功反而会导致更多的焦虑，第二段解释了大脑恐惧回路的工作速度很快，无法区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑，所以当好事发生时，人们会感到焦虑，第三段讲述了一些应对方法，第四段解释了另一个导致焦虑的原因，即对不好的未来事件的担忧。由此可知，本文主要讲的是为什么人们在听到好消息后会感到更加焦虑，所以选项C“为什么好消息发生后你会更加焦虑”最符合文章主旨，可作为标题。故选C。 二、七选五 People are constantly bombarded (轰炸) with unrealistic and potentially harmful images of “ideal” body types. 1 It’s also important to learn what your body can physically do and become comfortable. In order to accept your body, it’s important to get in touch with both of these aspects of your body on their own terms. 2 This means not trying to change who you are or focus on qualities you don’t like. Learn to enjoy your body —— how you move, feel, and get around. Let go of how you used to look, especially if your body has undergone changes from injuries, or medical conditions. Be kind to your body as it is right now. Replace negative thoughts with positive ones. As soon as you notice yourself starting to have a negative thought, replace it with something positive about yourself. Give yourself time to get into the habit of thinking positively. Try starting each day by thinking a few positive thoughts. 3 Compare yourself only to yourself. 4 There’s no point in comparing yourself to others, regardless of whether the person is a celebrity or classmate sitting next to you. Instead, compare yourself in terms of how you’ ve progressed over time, now that you’ve created your own realistic goals. For example, you might think to yourself that you’ve improved your appearance compared to a few years ago. Know when to seek help. Understand that nearly everyone struggles to maintain positive body image all the time and it’s normal to have ups and downs. 5 There are various signs that your body issues are severe and require professional help. A．Accept your body as it is. B．Identify what you like about your body and appearance. C．Negative thoughts do nothing to improve your self-image. D．The world would be a pretty boring place if we all looked the same. E．But you should also honestly consider if you need to speak with a counselor, or specialist. F．This can make it difficult to accept, love, and feel confident in your own body, which is critical. G．Remind yourself of these thoughts throughout the day when you start feeling critical of yourself. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何接受和爱护自己的身体，提出了几个实用的建议，如接受自己身体的现状、用积极的想法代替消极的想法、只与自己比较以及知道何时寻求帮助等。 1．根据前文“People are constantly bombarded (轰炸) with unrealistic and potentially harmful images of “ideal” body types.(人们经常被不切实际的、潜在有害的“理想”体型的形象轰炸)”这句话提到了人们经常被不现实和有害的“理想”体型形象所影响，以及下文“It’s also important to learn what your body can physically do and become comfortable.(了解你的身体能做什么，并感到舒适也很重要)”可知，这句话强调了接受和了解自己的身体的重要性。由此可知，这两句话之间存在转折关系，且空格处应该与上文提到的“理想”体型形象有关，并指出这种影响带来的后果，所以F项“这会让你很难接受、爱自己的身体，对自己有信心，这是至关重要的”承接上文，指出了这种不现实和有害的“理想”体型形象会让人们难以接受和爱自己的身体，对自己有信心，这与下文提到的接受和了解自己的身体形成对比，符合语境。故选F项。 2．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“This means not trying to change who you are or focus on qualities you don’t like.(这意味着不要试图改变你是谁，或者专注于你不喜欢的品质)”可知，这句话提到了不要试图改变自己或关注自己不喜欢的品质，由此可推测，本段主要讲的是要接受自己现在的样子。所以A项“接受你现在的身体”直接概括了本段的主题，且与下文内容紧密相关，符合语境。故选A项。 3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Replace negative thoughts with positive ones. As soon as you notice yourself starting to have a negative thought, replace it with something positive about yourself. Give yourself time to get into the habit of thinking positively. Try starting each day by thinking a few positive thoughts.(用积极的想法代替消极的想法。一旦你发现自己开始有消极的想法，就用关于自己的积极想法来代替它。给自己时间养成积极思考的习惯。试着每天开始时想一些积极的想法)”可知，这段话提到了用积极的想法代替消极的想法，并给出了具体的建议。由此可知，空格处应该进一步说明如何保持这种积极的思考习惯。所以G项“当你开始对自己感到挑剔时，一整天都要提醒自己这些想法”承接上文，给出了保持积极思考习惯的具体方法，即在自己开始挑剔自己时提醒自己这些积极的想法，符合语境。故选G项。 4．根据本段中心句“Compare yourself only to yourself.(只与自己比较)”以及下文“There’s no point in comparing yourself to others, regardless of whether the person is a celebrity or classmate sitting next to you.(把自己和别人比较是没有意义的，不管这个人是名人还是坐在你旁边的同学)”可知，这句话进一步强调了只与自己比较的重要性，并指出与他人比较是没有意义的。由此可知，空格处应该与只与自己比较有关，并引出下文的内容。所以D项“如果我们都长得一样，这个世界会变得很无聊”反向说明，自己和他人必然是不同的，与只与自己比较相关，且能引出下文关于如何与自己比较的内容，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据上文“Know when to seek help. Understand that nearly everyone struggles to maintain positive body image all the time and it’s normal to have ups and downs.(知道何时寻求帮助。要明白几乎每个人都在努力保持积极的身体形象，有起有落是正常的)”可知，这段话提到了知道何时寻求帮助，并指出有起有落是正常的。由此可知，空格处应该进一步说明在何种情况下需要寻求帮助。所以E项“但你也应该诚实地考虑是否需要与顾问或专家交谈”承接上文，给出了需要寻求帮助的具体情况，即当自己无法应对身体形象问题时，应该考虑与顾问或专家交谈，符合语境。故选E项。 三、完形填空 I shall never forget those winters. They were the times when my father traveled through the cold winds to find me the medical instruments that would correct my deformed (畸形的) 1 . I was an 2 child because I was born with X-shaped legs. 3 I was the luckiest kid to have a father who put in so much 4 to cure me — and who 5 succeeded. My father worked from sunrise to sunset, trying to 6 those medical instruments. My memories of childhood are of him 7 hospitals, trying to find the one that could build his designs. But one day, my father arrived home with a pair of 8 . That night, with great 9 , he fitted the instruments to my legs. It made my bones ache, but he told me I would have to 10 it, for eight hours a night, or I would never be able to wear pretty skirts or have 11 legs like other girls. But as he said this, he turned his face away and 12 away tears. Whenever I 13 what my father did, I feel what he did shows the most selfless contribution. Today, when I look at my straight and healthy legs, tears run 14 down my face. The winter winds are cold to other people, but because of my father, they will always be 15 to me. 1．A．legs B．brain C．body D．feet 2．A．unhappy B．ugly C．unfortunate D．unaccepted 3．A．And B．But C．So D．If 4．A．effort B．energy C．pain D．emotion 5．A．accurately B．rarely C．simply D．eventually 6．A．draw B．make C．design D．play 7．A．staying B．touring C．leaving D．passing 8．A．instruments B．shoes C．gloves D．socks 9．A．interest B．attention C．patience D．care 10．A．see B．bear C．hold D．protect 11．A．long B．thin C．beautiful D．super 12．A．wiped B．threw C．put D．gave 13．A．turn down B．give out C．take up D．think of 14．A．unexpectedly B．smoothly C．fluently D．uncontrollably 15．A．bitter B．strong C．cool D．warm 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为天生X型腿而感到不幸，但幸运的是她的父亲不懈努力，最终为她找到了矫正腿部畸形的医疗器械，使她的腿变得笔直和健康。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我父亲冒着寒风，四处为我寻找能矫正我畸形双腿的医疗器械的时期。A. legs腿；B. brain大脑；C. body身体；D. feet脚。根据下文“because I was born with X-shaped legs.”可知，作者的父亲找医疗器械是为了矫正作者的腿。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个不幸的孩子，因为我天生X型腿。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. ugly丑陋的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. unaccepted不被接受的。根据空后的“born with X-shaped legs.”可知，作者的腿天生是X型的，所以作者是不幸的。故选C。 3．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我是最幸运的孩子，因为我有一个如此努力为我治疗的父亲——而且他最终成功了。A. And并且；B. But但是；C. So所以；D. If如果。根据空前的“X-shaped legs”和空后的“I was the luckiest kid”可知，上下文之间是转折关系，需用but连接。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. effort努力；B. energy能量；C. pain疼痛；D. emotion情感。根据下文“My father worked from sunrise to sunset, trying to 　　6　　 those medical instruments.”可知，作者的父亲为矫正作者的腿付出了很多努力。故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. accurately准确地；B. rarely罕见地；C. simply简单地；D. eventually最终。根据文章最后一段中“my straight and healthy legs”可知，父亲努力矫正作者的腿，最终他成功了。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲从日出工作到日落，试图制作那些医疗器械。A. draw画；B. make制作；C. design设计；D. play玩。根据下文中“trying to find the one that could build his designs.”可知，此处指父亲试图设计出医疗器械。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对童年的记忆是他巡游医院，试图找到能制作他的设计的医院。A. staying停留；B. touring巡游；C. leaving离开；D. passing经过。根据空后的“trying to find the one that could build his designs.”并结合语境可知，作者的父亲应是不断走访医院，找人制造他的设计。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一天，我父亲带着一对医疗器械回家了。A. instruments器械；B. shoes鞋子；C. gloves手套；D. socks袜子。根据下文中“he fitted the instruments to my legs”可知，此处是信息词instruments的词汇复现。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，他非常小心地把器械安装在我的腿上。A. interest兴趣；B. attention注意力；C. patience耐心；D. care小心。根据上文对父亲对作者的爱可知，父亲应是小心翼翼地给作者装矫正器。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我骨头都疼了，但他告诉我，我必须忍受，每晚八个小时，否则我永远也不能像其他女孩一样穿漂亮的裙子或拥有美丽的双腿。A. see看见；B. bear忍受；C. hold握住；D. protect保护。根据空后的“for eight hours a night”可知，作者得忍着疼痛，每天晚上戴八小时的矫正器。故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. long长的；B. thin瘦的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D. super超级的。根据“or I would never be able to wear pretty skirts”可知，作者不戴矫正器就不能穿漂亮的裙子，此处应该指拥有漂亮的腿。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他这么说的时候，他把脸转过去，擦去了眼泪。A. wiped擦去；B. threw扔掉；C. put放；D. gave给。根据上文“It made my bones ache, but he told me I would have to 　　10　　 it, for eight hours a night,”可知，作者每晚都要忍受痛苦，戴八个小时的矫正器，父亲心疼作者，此处指他把脸转过去擦掉眼泪。wipe away“擦掉”，符合语境。throw away扔掉；put away把……收拾好；give away赠送。故选A。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我想起父亲所做的一切，我就觉得他所做的是最无私的贡献。A. turn down拒绝；B. give out分发；C. take up占据；D. think of想起。根据“I feel what he did shows the most selfless contribution.”可知，此处指作者回想起父亲为自己做的一切。故选D。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看着我的笔直健康的腿时，泪水不受控制地流下了我的脸颊。A. unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. smoothly顺利地；C. fluently流利地；D. uncontrollably不受控制地。根据“Today, when I look at my straight and healthy legs”可知，看到自己又直又健康的腿，眼泪情不自禁流下来。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬天的风对别人来说是冷的，但因为我的父亲，它们对我来说总是温暖的。A. bitter苦的；B. strong强壮的；C. cool凉爽的；D. warm温暖的。根据空前的“The winter winds are cold to other people”及but可知，此处与前半句形成对比，表示冬天的风对于别人来说是寒冷的，但是因为父亲对作者的爱，作者感到风是温暖的。故选D。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When talking about a great job, what comes into your mind first? A brilliant scientist? An creative artist? As for Charles, he goes all out to be 1 outstanding chef. Prior 2 becoming a famous cook, he took a course about how to prepare delicious cuisine. The course 3 (consist) of several parts, one of which was how to improve his general 4 (competent). At first Charles had to practice slicing off carrots, 5 was rather boring. 6 (general) speaking, it will take a beginner half a year 7 (grasp) the basics. To be exceptional, he persisted and later he could even make elegant cakes 8 (stuff) with fresh fruits. Being an excellent and 9 (motivate) cook also means calling on people to consume what they really need and attempting to reduce waste to a minimum. As to Charles, a cook should make the most of the food material and raise people’s environmental awareness in the process. After years of experience, Charles 10 (qualify) to be one of the most noted chefs and fulfilled his dream. 【答案】 1．an 2．to 3．consisted 4．competence 5．which 6．Generally 7．to grasp 8．stuffed 9．motivated 10．was qualified 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了查尔斯是如何为了成为一名出色的厨师而努力的。 1．考查冠词。句意：至于查尔斯，他努力成为一名出色的厨师。chef为泛指，且outstanding是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 2．考查介词。句意：在成为一名著名的厨师之前，他参加了一门关于如何准备美味佳肴的课程。短语prior to表示“在……之前”。故填to。 3．考查时态。句意：课程由几个部分组成，其中一个部分是如何提高他的综合能力。结合上文took可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填consisted。 4．考查名词。句意：课程由几个部分组成，其中一个部分是如何提高他的综合能力。作动词的宾语用名词competence，不可数。故填competence。 5．考查定语从句。句意：起初，查尔斯不得不练习切胡萝卜，这相当无聊。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 6．考查副词。句意：一般来说，初学者掌握基本知识需要半年的时间。短语generally speaking表示“一般来说”，首字母大写。故填Generally。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：一般来说，初学者掌握基本知识需要半年的时间。此处为句型it will take sb. some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故填to grasp。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了与众不同，他坚持不懈，后来他甚至能做出用新鲜水果填充的优雅蛋糕。此处stuff与cakes构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填stuffed。 9．考查形容词。句意：作为一名优秀的、积极进取的厨师也意味着号召人们吃他们真正需要的东西，并努力将浪费减少到最低限度。修饰名词cook，作定语用形容词motivated。故填motivated。 10．考查时态语态。句意：经过多年的经验，查尔斯有资格成为最著名的厨师之一，实现了他的梦想。主语Charles与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文After years of experience可知发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was qualified。 五、应用文写作 为了帮助学生掌握1-2项艺术特长，你校开展了丰富多彩的艺术课程和活动。请你以“Developing Artistic Talents at School”为题写一篇英语短文，内容包括： 1. 介绍学校采取的具体措施； 2. 你所学到的艺术特长及感受； 3. 对学校这一举措的评价。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Developing Artistic Talents at School ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Developing Artistic Talents at School Our school has taken various measures to help students master artistic talents. There are different art courses like painting, singing and calligraphy. Also, art competitions and exhibitions are held regularly. I have learned painting and it has brought me a lot of joy. I can express my feelings and ideas through colors and brushes. I think our school’s initiative is excellent as it enriches our school life and helps us develop our creativity. It really makes our school days more colorful and meaningful. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Developing Artistic Talents at School”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍学校的艺术课程和活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不同的：different→diverse 比赛：competition→contest 经常：regularly→frequently 快乐：joy→delight 2. 句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：I have learned painting and it has brought me a lot of joy. 拓展句：I have learned painting, which has brought me a lot of joy. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school has taken various measures to help students master artistic talents. (运用了不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型2】I think our school’s initiative is excellent as it enriches our school life and helps us develop our creativity. (运用了省略that的宾语从句和as引导的原因状语从句) 六、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lucy loved painting and had a dream of becoming an artist. However, she was very shy and never showed her paintings to anyone except her best friend, Mia. Mia often encouraged Lucy to share her work, but Lucy always shook her head nervously. “What if they laugh at me?” she would say. One day, their school announced an art competition. The winning artworks would be displayed at the city’s annual art fair. Mia’s eyes lit up when she heard about it. “Lucy, you have to enter!” she said excitedly. But Lucy hesitated, her stomach twisting in knots. “I’m not good enough,” she muttered. Mia wouldn’t give up. “I’ll help you,” she said. Over the next few weeks, Mia spent her free time encouraging Lucy, giving her ideas, and boosting her confidence. Finally, Lucy completed her painting — a beautiful depiction of a sunset over a meadow. “It’s perfect!” Mia said, beaming. The day of the competition arrived, and Lucy submitted her painting, her hands trembling. When the results were announced, Lucy’s painting won second place. Lucy was thrilled but also terrified about having her painting displayed at the fair. “I don’t think I can go,” she told Mia. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1 Mia grabbed Lucy’s hand and smiled warmly. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 Lucy stood before her painting at the fair, her heart pounding. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    Mia grabbed Lucy’s hand and smiled warmly. “You’ve come this far, Lucy. You have to see how amazing your work is!” she said. Reluctantly, Lucy agreed, and they headed to the art fair together. When they arrived, Lucy spotted her painting displayed among the others. A small crowd had gathered around it, admiring the vibrant colors and the peaceful feeling it conveyed. “Who painted this?” someone asked. Before Lucy could react, Mia proudly said, “She did!” and gently pushed Lucy forward. Lucy stood before her painting at the fair, her heart pounding. People smiled at her and praised her work. “It’s beautiful!” a woman said. “You have real talent.” Hearing those words, Lucy felt her fear melt away, replaced by a warm sense of pride. She glanced at Mia, who gave her a thumbs-up. At that moment, Lucy realized she could chase her dream — and that she wasn’t alone. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lucy喜欢画画，梦想成为一名艺术家，但是她非常害羞，她的朋友Mia鼓励她参加了学校的艺术比赛，最终获得第二名，但是她对自己的画要在展览会上展出感到既兴奋又害怕。“我想我去不了，”她告诉Mia。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Mia抓住Lucy的手，热情地笑了。”可知，第一段可描写Mia鼓励Lucy去展览会，公众很欣赏Lucy的画，Mia让大家认识Lucy。 ②由第二段首句内容“在展览会上，Lucy站在她的画前，心怦怦直跳。”可知，第二段可描写作品受到大家的夸赞以及Lucy的感受。 2.续写线索：Mia鼓励——一起去展览会——发现大家在欣赏Lucy的作品——Mia介绍Lucy——作品受到夸赞——Lucy的感受 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①欣赏：admire/appreciate ②表扬：praise/speak highly of ③意识到：realize (that)/be aware that 情绪类 ①不情愿：reluctantly/unwillingly ②自豪：proudly/with pride 【点睛】[高分句型1] When they arrived, Lucy spotted her painting displayed among the others. (由连词when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] She glanced at Mia, who gave her a thumbs-up. (由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句) ( 21 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 核心知识点和题型训练（选择性必修一）复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. 核心词汇 2. 重点短语 3. 长难句分析 4. 题型训练 ( 核心词汇 ) 1. mood n. 心情 2. amusement n. 娱乐，消遣 3. entertain v. 使快乐 4. examine v. 检查（身体） 5. essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 6. deserve v. 应得，应受到 7. interaction n. 交流 8. fellow n. 男人，家伙 9. concept n. 概念，观念 10.whisper v. 悄声说，低语 11. conclude v. 结束，终止 12. composer n. 作曲家 13. pace n. 速度，进度 14. rarely adv. 很少，难得 15. rejection n. 拒绝，否决 16. nevertheless adv. 然而，不过 17. classic n. 名著；经典作品 18. guarantee v. 保证，确保 19. outcome n. 结果，后果 20. worthwhile adj. 重要的，值得做的 21. enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的 22. appreciative adj. 感激的 23. worthy adj. 值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 24. permanent adj. 长久的，永久的 25. embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 26. expectation n. 预料，预期 27. remarkable adj. 非凡的，不寻常的 28. vivid adj. 生动的，逼真的 29. assign v.分配，分派 30. opponent n.对手 31. defeat v. 战胜，打败 32. cooperation n. 合作，协作 33. intense adj. 紧张的，激烈的 34. motion n. 动，运动 35. abstract adj. 抽象的 36. innovative adj. 新颖的，创新的 37. trend n. 趋势，动向 38. contrast n. 反差，对比 39. literally adv.根据字面意思 40. distinct adj. 清晰的；明显不同的 41. distant adj. 遥远的 42. sample n. 样本 43. suspect v. 猜想，怀疑，觉得 44. generate v. 产生，创造 45. characteristic n. 特征，特性 46. decline v. 减少 47. blame v. 责怪，指责 48. primitive adj. 原始的，低等的 49. detect v. 发现，察觉 50. link v. 把……联系起来；连接 51. massive adj. 巨大的 52. delicate adj. 脆弱的 53. splendid adj. 壮丽的 54. leisure n. 空闲，闲暇 55. wander v. 徘徊 56. disturb v. 干扰，扰乱 57. favour n. 支持，赞同 58. preference n. 优先（权） 59. negotiable adj. 可协商的 60. qualification n. 技能条件，资格 【考点再现】 单词拼写 1. Don’t spend your vacation is a place where everything is too expensive to maintain a positive _____.(心情) 2. The teacher _________（使快乐）the students for hours with stories in order to cheer them up. 3. The doctor _______（检查）her but could find nothing wrong except that she was in a bad mood. 4. I _______（很少）have time to think about how to deal with a bad mood at work. 5. Like those early days for employers, I faced a lot of ________（拒绝）and frustrations. 6. He was emotional in such an awkward situation. _______（然而）， he succeeded in holding back his emotions. 7. The linguist’s manuscript should be _________（保证）to be safely shifted to another library. 8. The plan of the cooperation has succeeded beyond our ___________.（预期） 9. There will always be someone who wants to destroy your ______（自信）and make you doubt your dream of becoming a real warrior. 10. The composer included some _______（民间的）music elements in his new song. 11. The essay was full of complicated ______. (引语) 12. The outline of the ship became more ________（清晰的）. 13. Some phrases cannot just be translated ________（根据字面意思）, for example, “long face”, which actually means unhappy. 14. A technician must be full of ideas of _________（创新）to be outstanding in the intense competition. 15. The roots of the plant are extremely ________（脆弱的）and can be damaged by polluted water. 16. Tourists from all over the world come to see the _________（壮丽的）scenery of the plateau. 17. Antelopes are eating grass at their ________（闲暇）in the boundless stretch of the grassland. 18. The fellow ________（徘徊）aimlessly around the streets. 19. The economy of the country has risen ______（平稳地）in the past two years. 20. The effect of the emissions of carbon dioxide on the environment is________（巨大的）. ( 必背短语 ) 1. look through 浏览，快速查看 2. cheer up 使高兴起来，使振作起来 3. concentrate on 集中注意力于；全神贯注于 4. take off 飞机起飞；开始成功 5. take away 带走，拿走 6. make sense 有意义，有道理 7. throw light on 使容易理解 8. fall behind 不能按时完成工作 9. have … in common with…与……有共同之处 10. struggle to do sth. 努力/争取做某事 11. have an effect on 对……有 影响 12. come across 偶然遇见，偶然发现 13. team up with 与……合作，与……协作 14. a far cry from 与……大不相同 15. attach…to…把……固定在……上 16. give way 倒塌，向下垮 17. follow in one’s footsteps 仿效某人；继承某人 18. carry on 继续；进行 19. end up 结果为……，以……结束 20. set out 开始，着手；出发，动身 21. pay off 取得成功，奏效 22. inspire sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓舞某人做某事 23. pass down 把……传给后人；把……往下传 24. bring out 使显现，使表现出 25. be tired from 因……而疲倦 26. be amazed by 对……感到惊奇 27. make up 组成；构成；编造；化妆 28. a variety of 各种各样的 29. be accessible to 可以进入；可以使用；可以接近 30. up to 达到；胜任；由……决定 31. date back to 起源于；追溯到 32. answer the call 响应号召；接电话 33. come to exist 开始存在 34. adapt to 适应 35. be harmful to 对……有害 36. at one’s leisure 空闲时 37. bring … to life 使……更有趣；使……更生动 38. be concerned about 关心；挂念 39. highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性 40. in favor of 支持，赞同 【考点再现】 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．It was your encouragement and support that __________________(使我振作起来) and helped me get through the hard times. 2．If the data is statistically valid, it will (使较容易理解) the problem we are investigating. 3．I can't believe he asked me about private questions in front of the whole office. He really___________________________(使我难堪)． 4．What do great scientists (有……共同点)? 5．The beautiful place is (与……大不相同) where many of them live. 6． a recent photograph (把……附在)your application form. 7．The old house (倒塌) and many people were trapped under the ruins. 8．After graduation, Liu Gang decided to (追随他祖父的脚步) and work on the family farm. 9．The government _____________________(开始做) make necessary reforms recently to raise people's living standards. 10．We thought John would do well, but he has succeeded (超出了我们的预期)． 11．Yang Liping's dance comes from the traditional belief of the Dai people and aims to (展示) the Dai women's beauty. 12．We didn't ask for all the challenges that we face, but we're determined to _____________(响应号召) to meet them. 13．This kind of plant (产生) on Earth millions of years ago. 14．As long as people have a belief and pursue something, they can endure any hardship and ____________________(适应) any environment. 15．The island offers such (各种各样的) scenery and wildlife that it attracts many tourists. 16. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass ____________________(悠闲地). 17.Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands the scenery (使……更生动). 18.With everyone seated, the head teacher began the meeting, (强调……的重要性) self­discipline for senior high students. 19.This company (由……组成) more than twenty branches all over the country in 2021. 20.We are all (支持) spending whatever is necessary to fight air pollution. ( 重点句式 ) 1. 强调句型 教材原句 Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it’s my job to make her feel better. 尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 句式仿写 __________________________________ kindled her interest in music. 是她的老师激发了他对音乐的兴趣。 2. 部分否定 教材原句 Achieving a positive state of mind isn’t easy for everyone. 达到积极的形态并非对每个人来说都是容易的。 句式仿写 _________________ acts the same in response to events. 并非每个人对事件的反应都一样。 3. 独立主格结构 教材原句 The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence. 出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。 句式仿写 __________________________, he felt relaxed. 问题解决了，他感觉轻松了。 4. with复合结构 教材原句 Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages. 《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。 句式仿写 With _____________, I had to take a taxi. 有这么多行李要拿，我不得不乘坐出租车。 5. “only+状语”位于句首引起的部分倒装 教材原句 Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen. 只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。 句式仿写 Only when we follow the laws of nature ______________________________. 只有当我们遵守自然法则时我们才能更好地与大自然和谐相处。 6. that引导地同位语从句 教材原句 Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become. 斯蒂芬库里也生动地证明了别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么人。 句式仿写 They were delighted at __________________ their team had won. 当听到他们球队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 7. 过去分词（短语）作状语 教材原句 Led by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high. 作为知名的前中国女排运动员和中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。 句式仿写 _______________________, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher. 当被问到未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。 8. 不定式作主语 教材原句 To listen to Tan’s music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. 欣赏谭盾的音乐，就是在感受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。 句式仿写 ________________ is to believe. 眼见为实。 9. so that 引导目的状语从句 教材原句 Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides. 科学家希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于种植不用使用农药的农作物。 句式仿写 Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them ________________________ understand each other better. 父母和孩子应该多交流，缩小他们之间的代沟，一边更好地理解彼此。 10. even though/even if引导让步状语从句 教材原句 Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources. 虽然该公司老板保证设计将与周围优美地环境相协调，但当地人仍然担心酒店会耗尽自然资源。 句式仿写 ___________________ we achieved great success in our work, we should not be proud. 尽管在工作中取得了巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。 ( 题型训练 ) 1、 阅读理解 A An important development in forensic science, the scientific methods used for finding out about a crime, has come from cooperative efforts between researchers at Shanghai Normal University in China and the University of Bath in the UK. The teamwork has led to the creation of a water-soluble fluorescent spray (水溶性荧光喷雾) that significantly advanced the detection of possible fingerprints. Unlike traditional methods that often involve the use of poisonous or environmentally harmful chemicals, this innovative spray offers a safer and greener choice. By targeting the invisible prints left behind by sweat or oil on surfaces, the spray quickly makes them visible within seconds, promoting convenience and speed in forensic investigations. According to researchers, its water solubility further improves its applicability, allowing for adaptable use directly at crime scenes. Detecting latent (hidden) fingerprints (LFPs) is important in forensic science, but their invisible nature poses challenges. Traditional methods like powder dusting and chemicals have limitations in speed and safety. Using the fluorescence properties of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), the researchers have developed two distinct dyes (染料) — LFP-Yellow and LFP-Red to address these challenges. These dyes exhibit an “off-on” fluorescence response upon different parts of LFPs, by selectively attaching to small elements present in fingerprints. Under blue light, they give out a soft fluorescent light, enabling easy detection. Developed from jellyfish (水母；海蜇), GFP serves as a biological basis for these dyes, ensuring they do not affect the following DNA analysis of the fingerprints. According to researchers, applying these dyes involves a fine spray, which prevents damaging spots and offers a cleaner way, compared to traditional methods. It works perfectly even on rough surfaces like brick, where collecting fingerprints can be particularly arduous. “This system can even be used on fingerprints that are a week old. Having two different colors available means the spray can be used on different colored surfaces. We’re hoping to produce more colors in the future. We’re looking for cooperation with various companies to bring the dyes to market for wide availability. Additionally, ongoing research and development efforts will be needed to continue to improve their products,” said Professor Tony James, from the University of Bath. 1．What is the advantage of the new spray over previous methods? A．It’s more accurate and applicable. B．It’s more effective and eco-friendly. C．It’s colorful and easy to produce. D．It’s cleaner and convenient to carry. 2．How do the two dyes make LFPs visible? A．By helping collect and analyze the DNA of them. B．By attaching to them and exhibiting them as fluorescent light. C．By taking in fluorescence and reflecting blue light to them. D．By slowing down the fluorescence response of finger elements. 3．What does the underlined word “arduous” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．Practical. B．Fruitful. C．Debatable. D．Difficult. 4．What do Tony James’ words intend to say about the spray? A．Its limitations on fingerprints’ existence time will be removed. B．It will be applied to various fields in the future. C．Its improvement can promise a brighter future. D．It could replace DNA analysis in forensics. B When you accomplish something amazing — like earning a promotion, finishing a yearlong project or finally paying off your credit card debts — you’d think a burst of happiness would be followed by relief. You can even relax a little. Right? Not for everyone. It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard. “Anxiety can be a bit tricky, as it’s a response that’s hard-wired into the brain,” said Carla Marie Manly, a California-based clinical psychologist and author of Joy from Fear. “The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.” There are some things you can do when accomplishing something positive triggers (触发) more anxiety. But even when you are able to distinguish between feelings of excitement (good stress) and panic (bad stress) after success, the climb down from Mount Euphoria can be an anxiety trigger in itself. When your body becomes accustomed to a long-time state of anxiety, the positive physiological changes that happen after good news can trigger the sense that something isn’t right — simply because you’ re not used to feeling good. This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm, said Jo Eckler, a Texas-based clinical psychologist and author of I Can’t Fix You — Because You’re Not Broken. Instead of enjoying the moment, you spend that time waiting for the other shoe to drop. 5．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Bad news usually results in anxiety. B．Sometimes, success may contribute to more anxiety. C．Feelings have nothing to do with success. D．A promotion is sure to make people excited. 6．What leads people to be anxious when something good happens according to Manly? A．The rate of people’s brain reaction. B．The ability to distinguish feelings. C．The working speed of the brain’s fear circuit. D．The number of good things that happen. 7．Which of the following is stated by Jo Eckler? A．Nothing can prevent people’s anxiety after happiness. B．It’s time for people to forget bad things that happened in the past. C．Anxiety happens after success for people accustomed to feeling bad. D．The worry about bad future events can make people feel more anxious. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Deal with Anxiety in Life. B．How to Feel Much Happier After Anxiety. C．Why You Get More Anxious After Good News Happens. D．The Reasons for Being Afraid Something Good Will Happen. 二、七选五 People are constantly bombarded (轰炸) with unrealistic and potentially harmful images of “ideal” body types. 1 It’s also important to learn what your body can physically do and become comfortable. In order to accept your body, it’s important to get in touch with both of these aspects of your body on their own terms. 2 This means not trying to change who you are or focus on qualities you don’t like. Learn to enjoy your body —— how you move, feel, and get around. Let go of how you used to look, especially if your body has undergone changes from injuries, or medical conditions. Be kind to your body as it is right now. Replace negative thoughts with positive ones. As soon as you notice yourself starting to have a negative thought, replace it with something positive about yourself. Give yourself time to get into the habit of thinking positively. Try starting each day by thinking a few positive thoughts. 3 Compare yourself only to yourself. 4 There’s no point in comparing yourself to others, regardless of whether the person is a celebrity or classmate sitting next to you. Instead, compare yourself in terms of how you’ ve progressed over time, now that you’ve created your own realistic goals. For example, you might think to yourself that you’ve improved your appearance compared to a few years ago. Know when to seek help. Understand that nearly everyone struggles to maintain positive body image all the time and it’s normal to have ups and downs. 5 There are various signs that your body issues are severe and require professional help. A．Accept your body as it is. B．Identify what you like about your body and appearance. C．Negative thoughts do nothing to improve your self-image. D．The world would be a pretty boring place if we all looked the same. E．But you should also honestly consider if you need to speak with a counselor, or specialist. F．This can make it difficult to accept, love, and feel confident in your own body, which is critical. G．Remind yourself of these thoughts throughout the day when you start feeling critical of yourself. 三、完形填空 I shall never forget those winters. They were the times when my father traveled through the cold winds to find me the medical instruments that would correct my deformed (畸形的) 1 . I was an 2 child because I was born with X-shaped legs. 3 I was the luckiest kid to have a father who put in so much 4 to cure me — and who 5 succeeded. My father worked from sunrise to sunset, trying to 6 those medical instruments. My memories of childhood are of him 7 hospitals, trying to find the one that could build his designs. But one day, my father arrived home with a pair of 8 . That night, with great 9 , he fitted the instruments to my legs. It made my bones ache, but he told me I would have to 10 it, for eight hours a night, or I would never be able to wear pretty skirts or have 11 legs like other girls. But as he said this, he turned his face away and 12 away tears. Whenever I 13 what my father did, I feel what he did shows the most selfless contribution. Today, when I look at my straight and healthy legs, tears run 14 down my face. The winter winds are cold to other people, but because of my father, they will always be 15 to me. 1．A．legs B．brain C．body D．feet 2．A．unhappy B．ugly C．unfortunate D．unaccepted 3．A．And B．But C．So D．If 4．A．effort B．energy C．pain D．emotion 5．A．accurately B．rarely C．simply D．eventually 6．A．draw B．make C．design D．play 7．A．staying B．touring C．leaving D．passing 8．A．instruments B．shoes C．gloves D．socks 9．A．interest B．attention C．patience D．care 10．A．see B．bear C．hold D．protect 11．A．long B．thin C．beautiful D．super 12．A．wiped B．threw C．put D．gave 13．A．turn down B．give out C．take up D．think of 14．A．unexpectedly B．smoothly C．fluently D．uncontrollably 15．A．bitter B．strong C．cool D．warm 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When talking about a great job, what comes into your mind first? A brilliant scientist? An creative artist? As for Charles, he goes all out to be 1 outstanding chef. Prior 2 becoming a famous cook, he took a course about how to prepare delicious cuisine. The course 3 (consist) of several parts, one of which was how to improve his general 4 (competent). At first Charles had to practice slicing off carrots, 5 was rather boring. 6 (general) speaking, it will take a beginner half a year 7 (grasp) the basics. To be exceptional, he persisted and later he could even make elegant cakes 8 (stuff) with fresh fruits. Being an excellent and 9 (motivate) cook also means calling on people to consume what they really need and attempting to reduce waste to a minimum. As to Charles, a cook should make the most of the food material and raise people’s environmental awareness in the process. After years of experience, Charles 10 (qualify) to be one of the most noted chefs and fulfilled his dream. 五、应用文写作 为了帮助学生掌握1-2项艺术特长，你校开展了丰富多彩的艺术课程和活动。请你以“Developing Artistic Talents at School”为题写一篇英语短文，内容包括： 1. 介绍学校采取的具体措施； 2. 你所学到的艺术特长及感受； 3. 对学校这一举措的评价。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Developing Artistic Talents at School ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lucy loved painting and had a dream of becoming an artist. However, she was very shy and never showed her paintings to anyone except her best friend, Mia. Mia often encouraged Lucy to share her work, but Lucy always shook her head nervously. “What if they laugh at me?” she would say. One day, their school announced an art competition. The winning artworks would be displayed at the city’s annual art fair. Mia’s eyes lit up when she heard about it. “Lucy, you have to enter!” she said excitedly. But Lucy hesitated, her stomach twisting in knots. “I’m not good enough,” she muttered. Mia wouldn’t give up. “I’ll help you,” she said. Over the next few weeks, Mia spent her free time encouraging Lucy, giving her ideas, and boosting her confidence. Finally, Lucy completed her painting — a beautiful depiction of a sunset over a meadow. “It’s perfect!” Mia said, beaming. The day of the competition arrived, and Lucy submitted her painting, her hands trembling. When the results were announced, Lucy’s painting won second place. Lucy was thrilled but also terrified about having her painting displayed at the fair. “I don’t think I can go,” she told Mia. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para. 1 Mia grabbed Lucy’s hand and smiled warmly. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 Lucy stood before her painting at the fair, her heart pounding. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 21 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$