类别1 事物介绍-【一战成名新中考】2025贵州中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练（讲册）

　 　 参考答案及解析·贵州英语(课标版) 话 题 读 写 思 维 训 练 题型二　 任务型阅读 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了仿生学 在我们生活中的三个应用。 1. animals and plants　 2. spread out 3. dangerous　 【解析】根据第三段第三句可知,当犰狳感 到有危险时,它会变成一个球。 也就是说,在危险的情 况下,它会变成球。 此处缺少形容词。 4. special structures　 【解析】根据第二段第一句、第三段 第一句和第四段倒数第二句可知,文中提到的动植物 都有特殊的结构。 5. I think it􀆳s really useful for humans because we can use the knowledge we learn from nature to live a better life.(开放 性题目,答案不唯一,言之有理即可。) Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了纸的发 明和发展。 1. were used 2. to carry　 【解析】根据第三段第二至五句可知,竹条做 的书很重,很难携带。 3. easier　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句可知,这种材料 更轻,便于书写,后面有 than,用其比较级形式。 4. Middle Eastern traders　 【解析】根据第四段倒数第二、 三句可知,中东商人或马可·波罗可能把纸带到了 欧洲。 5. On rainy days, it􀆳s inconvenient for us to go out without umbrellas. The invention of umbrellas can help us solve the problem. (开放性题目, 答案不唯一, 言之有理 即可。) Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了布达拉 宫的基本信息、历史、结构和艺术价值。 1. highest 2. The History　 【解析】根据表格右侧以及文章第二段内 容可知,此处介绍了布达拉宫最初为什么而修建以及 后续的重建。 再分析其他的小标题可知,此处填 The History。 注意单词首字母应大写。 3. Some important events / Important events 4. are made of 5. Yes, I do. Because the Potala Palace is really a valuable treasure for people.(开放性题目,答案不唯一,言之有理 即可。) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。 文章主要介绍了长江的 长度、地理位置、文化意义、生态环境和重要性。 1. starts from 2. The Three Gorges　 【解析】根据拓展框里的内容可知, 三峡指的是瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡。 3. (wild) animals　 【解析】根据第四段第二句以及后文 举例的野生动物可知,这一段主要介绍了长江中的野 生动物。 4. hard-working / brave / innovative 5. We can stop people from throwing rubbish into it. / We can make some short videos to help people realize the importance of protecting the Yangtze River.(开放性题目, 答案不唯一,言之有理即可。) Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了折耳根 的用途、好处和味道。 1. (necessary) seasoning 2. three / 3　 【解析】第三段提到了折耳根搭配烤肉、豆腐 球搭配折耳根以及腊肉搭配折耳根这三道菜。 3. (help) fight against 4. strange / terrible　 【解析】根据第五段第二句可知,外省 的人第一次吃折耳根时,奇怪的味道可能会让他们感 觉很奇怪 /糟糕。 5. Yes, I do. I think it makes food more delicious when it is mixed with roasted meat.(开放性题目,答案不唯一,言 之有理即可。) Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了一种新 型的减压方式———拥抱树木。 1. get relaxed / relax　 【解析】根据第一段第三、四句可知, 对一些人来说,拥抱树已经成为一种受欢迎的放松 方式。 2. stressed and worried 3. given off　 【解析】根据第四段最后两句可知,一项研究 表明,拥抱可以使人分泌荷尔蒙。 荷尔蒙能给人爱的 感觉,使人减轻压力。 4. small creatures 5. I usually listen to soft music to relax myself. (开放性题 目,答案不唯一,言之有理即可。) Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了幸福是 什么、人们关于幸福的误解、幸福的标志以及幸福和健康 的关系等。 1. Misunderstandings of happiness　 【解析】根据第二段第 一句以及右侧的内容可知,此处是关于幸福的一些误 解。 注意第一个单词首字母应大写。 2. happier 3. learn new skills 4. keep healthy　 【解析】根据最后一段第二句可知,快乐 能帮助人们保持身心健康。 5. Yes, I do. Because I can always find joy in the simple pleasures of life.(开放性题目,答案不唯一,言之有理 即可。) Passage 8 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了《世说 新语》这本书的主要内容、重要性等相关信息。 1. ancient China　 【解析】根据第一段第二、三句可知,《世 说新语》这本书主要讲述中国古代人们的故事。 2. appearance　 【解析】根据第三段前三句可知,本书中提 到了人物的外貌(what the characters look like)、能力 (what the characters are good at)和思维方式(why the characters think this way)。 3. real 4. think (seriously) about 5. Yes, I do. Because it can open my eyes and help me learn more about the life of ancient Chinese.(开放性题目,答案 不唯一,言之有理即可。) Passage 9 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了盲人董 丽娜的故事。 虽然她不幸成了盲人,但是却努力为梦想 奋斗。 1. a speech　 【解析】根据第一段第一、二句可知,在中国 传媒大学的毕业典礼上,董丽娜通过演讲鼓励大家。 2. blind　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知,董丽娜十岁时 失明了。 注意此处需要填形容词。 3. practice her pronunciation 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 22 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 题型二　 任务型阅读 类别一　 事物介绍 (10 年 6 考) Passage 1 (2024 河北改编) 　 　 Nature has many ways to solve problems. We humans learn a lot from animals and plants in nature. There is a science about how we copy great ideas from animals and plants to create helpful products. It is called biomimetics(仿生学). Some animals such as this sugar glider have wing-like structures(结构) to help them fly from tree to tree. When they jump, they spread out their arms and legs to help them fly down easily. Wing-suits, a kind of clothes, can let people experience flying. The idea of these clothes comes from the sugar glider. 　 　 Some animals have structures used for self-protection. An armadillo has a hard cover that can protect it from other dangerous animals. When an armadillo feels that it is in danger, it will change into a ball. Once the dangerous animal goes away, it comes out of the ball. The armadillo has taught people to create a backpack with a hard surface. The surface of the backpack protects things inside from being broken. Plants have helped people come up with amazing inventions, too. Perhaps the best-known example is Velcro(尼龙搭扣). It includes two pieces of cloth. They stick to each other when they are pressed together. Velcro is used on everything from handbags to clothes. The idea of Velcro is from burrs(带芒刺 的小果实) of a plant. They have special structures to allow themselves to stick to people􀆳s clothing or hair. They are taken to other places in this way. From these examples, we can see biomimetics is widely used in our daily life. What other problems will nature help us solve in the future? Let􀆳s wait and see! 1. Biomimetics is about how humans create helpful products by copying ideas from . 2. When the sugar gliders fly, they 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 their arms and legs. 3. An armadillo will change into a ball in a(n) 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 situation. 4. One thing the plant and animals in the text have in common is that they all have 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 5. What do you think of biomimetics? 　 Passage 2 (2024 贵阳云岩区二模) 　 　 Technology includes any object created to solve a problem. Many simple tools are examples of technology. Paper is an example of technology! 　 　 What problem did paper solve? Well, human beings were writing for thousands of years before paper existed(存在). Early writers used many materials. Many of these made writing difficult. Some people carved words on clay or stone tablets. Others wrote on silk, which was very costly. 　 　 In China, ancient people wrote on bamboo. They used long bamboo strips(片). Then, they tied the 131 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 strips together to make books. This process was very long. It made heavy books that were difficult to carry. This was a problem. In 105 CE, a man named Cai Lun came up with a solution. He was a Chinese court official(官员) who often used bamboo for writing and reading. He knew how inconvenient it was and set out to find a better way. Cai had the idea to mix tree bark, fishing net, and cloth. The result was a lighter material that was easy to write on. Cai Lun had invented paper. 　 　 Cai Lun brought his invention to the Chinese emperor. Cai and his apprentice(学徒), Zuo Bo, improved his paper-making process. Soon, the use of paper spread throughout China. Eventually, paper also spread to Central Asia and the Middle East in the 7th century. Later, it spread to Europe, though it􀆳s unclear how. Middle Eastern traders may have brought it there. Another theory is that Marco Polo brought paper from China. Paper has changed a lot since 105 CE. 　 　 Today, paper is made almost entirely from trees. It comes in many forms and colors, and it serves a number of purposes. 1. Many materials 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 by early writers before paper existed. 2. It was difficult 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 heavy books made of bamboo strips. 3. Writing on the material invented by Cai Lun was 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 than writing on bamboo strips. 4. Either Marco Polo or 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 may have brought paper to Europe. 5. What problem did other technologies solve in our lives? List at least one example. 　 Passage 3 (2024 贵阳息烽县二模) 　 　 The Potala Palace is a world-famous palace on Red Mountain in Lhasa, the capital of Xizang. As the highest palace in the world, its highest point reaches 3,750 meters above sea level. During the Tang Dynasty, Songtsen Gampo, the founder of the Tubo Kingdom(吐蕃王朝), married Princess Wencheng. He built the Potala Palace on Red Mountain for the princess. Later, the palace was rebuilt and extended(扩展) several times. The central part of the Potala Palace is known as the Red Palace. It was used as a house for praying (祈祷). The east and west wings of the palace are called the White Palace. It was the place for work and life. The largest hall in the White Palace is 717 square meters. It was used for holding some important events. In total, the Potala Palace has more than 1,000 rooms. The palace extends from the foot of the mountain to its top, covering almost the whole mountain. The palace has seven high golden roofs. They shine in the sunlight, which can be seen from many kilometers away. Today, the Potala Palace is also known as one of the most popular museums in the world. Murals(壁 画) are an important part of the artworks there. The total area of the murals is more than 2,500 square meters. Their themes include historical figures, ancient stories, local customs, sports and more. Besides, there are also a large number of sculptures from the seventh century, which are made of stone, wood and clay. 231 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 These works of art show the history of Xizang and they make the Potala Palace a great place to enjoy Xizang􀆳s culture. The Potala Palace •The Basic Information •It lies on Red Mountain in Lhasa. •It is the 1. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 palace in the world. •It reaches 3,750 meters above sea level. 2. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 •Songtsen Gampo built it for the Princess Wencheng during the Tang Dynasty. •It has been rebuilt and extended several times. The Structure •The Red Palace was used for praying. •The White Palace was the place for work and life. 3. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 could be held in the largest hall in the White Palace. •The Potala Palace almost covers the whole mountain. And it has over 1,000 rooms. The Art •The murals􀆳 themes include historical figures, ancient stories, local customs, sports and more. • There are sculptures from the seventh century and they 4. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 stone, wood and clay. 5. Do you want to go to the Potala Palace? Why or why not? 　 Passage 4 ①The Yangtze River is the most important river in China. It is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 kilometers long and covers an area of about 1.8 million square kilometers. ★ The location of the Yangtze River ②The Yangtze River starts from the Tanggula Mountains. Its main stream(干流) runs through the middle of China from west to east. It runs through Xizang, 10 provinces and cities. Some important cities along the river are Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai. ★ The culture of the Yangtze River ③The Yangtze River has a colorful and exciting history. We can not only enjoy beautiful scene, just like the Three Gorges(三峡), but also we can learn a lot from its special culture, such as Festival Culture and Cooking Culture. 331 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 　 　 ★　 　 　 　 ④The Yangtze River is the most water-rich river in China. It is home to many important wild animals, such as Chinese sturgeon and paddlefish(中华鲟和白鲟). Another special animal is Chinese river dolphin(白鳍豚). Its stomach and fins are white. It is said that it can bring good luck to people. ⑤The Yangtze River is the mother river of our Chinese nation. For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has seen the hard work of the Chinese people. It gives birth to hard-working, brave and innovative (创新的) spirit of the Yangtze River. And the spirit is leading us to work hard to achieve our Chinese dream. 1. The Tanggula Mountains is where the Yangtze River 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 of the Yangtze River refers to Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. 3. The fourth paragraph mainly talks about the 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 in the Yangtze River. 4. One of the spirits the Yangtze River gives birth to is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 spirit. 5. What can we do to protect the Yangtze River? 　 Passage 5 　 　 Fish mint (also known as “Zheergen”) is a special plant that mainly grows in the Southwest area of China. People think it smells like a mix of fish and mint, so it got its interesting name. People especially those in Guizhou have been using this plant for a long time in cooking. When people have barbecue(烧烤) and hot pot, it is the necessary seasoning(调料) and can be seen here and there. It is said that if someone doesn􀆳t get used to fish mint, he will not experience how delicious the food is in Guizhou. It is the perfect mix that roasted meat gets along with delicious fish mint. Also, tofu ball matches fish mint, which is special and unforgettable! Besides, fish mint can be cut into pieces and then be fried with pickled meat(腊肉), which also tastes great. Besides cooking, fish mint is also good for health. Some people believe it can help fight against bacteria(细菌), so they also use it in traditional medicine. Some studies even say that fish mint might make it easier to breathe if people don􀆳t feel well. However, not everyone can stand or enjoy the special taste of fish mint. When people from other provinces eat fish mint for their first time, the strange smell may make them feel terrible. So people in different areas may have different feelings about fish mint. How about you? Have you ever tried this special plant? Do you like it? 1. Fish mint was used as a kind of 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 in barbecue and hot pot. 2. There are 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 dishes that include fish mint in the third paragraph. 3. Fish mint is used in traditional medicine because it􀆳s believed that fish mint can 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 bacteria. 431 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 4. People who eat fish mint for the first time may think the smell of it is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 5. Do you like eating fish mint? Why or why not? 　 Passage 6 　 　 People have a lot of ways to relax. Some exercise, some chat with friends, and others do some of their favorite things. But do you know the way to relax by hugging a tree? The strange way to get relaxed has become more and more popular in cities across China. Young people feel comfortable after tree-hugging. 　 　 Hundreds of people share their tree-hugging experiences online. They think they feel less stressed and worried. It is also a way of keeping a close relationship with the natural world. By hugging trees, some of them feel the trees are hugging them back. 　 　 Jenny gave up her job because of too much work stress. According to her, hugging trees helps her a lot. She enjoys herself in hugging trees. “Hugging trees helps me relax and lets me go back to a natural state. Just being outside in nature is good for my mental health. I feel so free and feel that the world is so big.” 　 　 In fact, hugging trees is a kind of psychological therapy(心理治疗). It first came from Northern Europe. In northern Finland, there􀆳s even a tree-hugging competition every August. A study shows that hugging can lead people to give off hormone(荷尔蒙). Hormone can give people feelings of love and make people less stressed. 　 　 Though tree-hugging is helpful for people􀆳s body and mind, there are many things we should think about before we do that. Many small creatures(生物) live on the tree, and they are too small to be seen. You􀆳d better be gentle when hugging trees—just like how you hug a friend. 1. Hugging a tree has become a popular way for people to 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. People feel less 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 while hugging trees according to Paragraph 2. 3. Hormone will be 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to give people feelings of love when hugging trees. 4. Before hugging trees, we should pay attention to 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 on the tree that are hard to be seen. 5. As a ninth grade student, how do you usually relax yourself? 　 Passage 7 　 　 Happiness is not the result of jumping from one joy to the next. Researchers find that achieving happiness requires us to pass through the pain and discomfort(不安). Social relationships, even your neighbors—all influence how happy you are. Research shows that much of happiness is under personal control. There are some misunderstandings of happiness. People often believe that happiness will be achieved once they reach a certain goal, such as finding a perfect partner or getting a good job. However, people 531 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 will get used to their new relationship or wealth, return to a basic level of happiness, and look for the next goal. There are also many people who think they must be happier if they can earn(赚得) more money. However, research shows that a person who can make money of ＄150,000 a year will not necessarily be as happy as a person making less money. Happy people show certain signs. They always find joy in the simple pleasures of life—petting a dog, sitting under a tree, and enjoying a cup of tea. Besides, happy people often have good relationships with others, because they are often grateful to and happy for other people. A happy person is also ready to learn new skills and open to new things. Studies have found that the benefits of happiness are great. First of all, being happy helps people keep healthy, not only physically but also mentally. What􀆳s more, happy people are usually more popular in a much bigger social circle. Therefore, it is not hard to understand that happy people are often more successful in their life. Happiness 1. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 •People will achieve happiness after reaching a certain goal. •If people earn more money, they will feel 2. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . Signs of happiness •Happy people always find joy in the simple pleasures of life. •Happy people often have good relationships. •Happy people always 3. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . Benefits of happiness •Happiness helps people 4. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 both in body and mind. •Happy people are usually more popular. •Happy people are often more successful. 5. Do you think you are a happy person? Why or why not? 　 Passage 8 　 　 The long history of China leaves us thousands of stories. Do you think you would enjoy reading the stories of people in ancient China? If so, you can try A New Account of Tales of the World(《世说新语》). It􀆳s said that the scholar(学者) Liu Yiqing finished this book. In this book, there are more than 600 characters, such as writers, painters, musicians, and other artists living during the Han, Wei and Jin dynasties. Some stories describe what the characters look like. Some are about what the characters are good at. Some tell readers why the characters think this way. Each story has its own topic but every article has something in common—showing someone􀆳s most special traits(特性). And all the characters in the book are real in history. The book has 1,130 small stories about these characters. Many stories are one hundred words long or even shorter. And many stories may not be facts. They might come from another novel. Or 631 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 重 难 题 型 练 people heard something about one character and then it became a story in this book. It sounds like A New Account of Tales of the World is simply a storybook. But in fact, many scholars like Lu Xun ever talked about how important this book was. Well, how does this special book have its place in Chinese literature(文学)? First, it􀆳s the earliest book of this kind so it became something special in the Chinese literature􀆳s development. Second, although the stories are short, they help make readers think seriously about their life or something else. 1. A New Account of Tales of the World is a book that mainly tells stories of people in 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. The characters􀆳 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , abilities and thinking ways are described differently in this book. 3. All the characters mentioned in the book are 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 in history but their stories may not be facts. 4. The book may help us 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 our life. 5. Do you want to read this book? Why or why not? 　 类别二　 名人传记(2016) Passage 9 (2024 铜仁一模) 　 　 On June 28th, 2023, a lady named Dong Lina gave a speech at the graduation ceremony of the Communication University of China. She encouraged everyone to follow their dreams, love what they do, stay grounded and feel responsible toward their country, society and the world. What makes it more inspiring is that Dong is visually impaired(视障) and the first visually impaired student in China to receive a master􀆳s degree in Broadcasting and Hosting Art (播音与主持艺术). Dong was born in Dalian and lost her sight(视力) when she was ten. She completed her education at a school for people like her in Dalian and read hundreds of Braille(不拉耶盲文) books in her free time. Later, she studied traditional Chinese medicine and then worked as a massage therapist. In 2006, Dong had the chance to study broadcasting and hosting. She realized the power of the human voice and fell in love with broadcasting. Since then, Dong has been practicing her pronunciation by reading Braille materials almost all the time. After that, she went to college and received a bachelor􀆳s degree(学士学位) in broadcasting and hosting. In 2019, she continued her studies and set her mind on a master􀆳s degree in Broadcasting and Hosting Art at the Communication University of China. Even though she faced challenges, Dong always has a guiding light in her heart. She held on to her dreams and always worked hard, even when things were difficult. “There􀆳s something people haven􀆳t tried before,” said Dong, “you can be the one to show everyone how it􀆳s done!” 1. At the graduation ceremony, Dong Lina encouraged everyone by giving 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. Dong Lina became 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 at the age of ten. 3. Since 2006, Dong has spent all the time reading Braille materials to 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 4. Challenges and difficulties didn􀆳t 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 Dong Lina from achieving her dreams. 5. What have you learned from the experience of Dong Lina? 　 731