内容正文:
精讲册·云南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
命题点 5 动词的语态
(12 年 2 考)
考点精讲
动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态
表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 动词的语态在单项填
空中考查,通常结合主谓一致(讲解见本专题命题点 7)或者时态(讲解见本专题命题点 4)来考查。
1.
被动语态的结构
时态 被动语态的结构 例句
一般现在时 am / is / are+done My
homework
is
always
finished
on
time.
一般过去时 was / were+done The
breakfast
was
cooked
by
Linda.
一般将来时 will / shall / be
going
to
+be+done Jims
room
will
be
cleaned
tonight.
情态动词+动词原形 情态动词+be+done The
flower
should
(not)
be
watered
every
day.
2.
主动语态变被动语态的方法
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动。
3.
使用被动语态的情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。 如:This
watch
was
made
in
China.
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 如:Smoking
isnt
allowed
here.
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。 如:Chinese
is
now
spoken
all
around
the
world.
(4)出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。 如:My
glass
was
broken
this
morning.
(5)动作的发出者不是人。 如:Many
houses
were
washed
away
by
the
flood.
4.
主动结构表被动意义的情况
(1)open,
lock,
write,
read,
sell,
wash,
clean,
watch,
cut,
burn,
drive
等作不及物动词时,它们的
主语为物,可用主动结构表被动意义。 如:
This
kind
of
pen
writes
very
smoothly.
(2)look,
sound,
taste,
smell
等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。 如:
Mooncakes
taste
delicious.
(3)be
worth
doing
“值得做”,用主动结构表被动意义。 如:
This
book
is
worth
reading.
(4)“need / require+doing”相当于“need / require+to
be
done”,to
be
done 是不定式的被动结构。 如:
Your
car
needs
washing. = Your
car
needs
to
be
washed.
79
精讲册·云南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
考点精练
1.
(2024 云南 8 题)Chinese
C
by
more
and
more
people
in
the
world
these
days.
A.
speak B.
spoke
C.
is
spoken D.
was
spoken
2.
(2024 红河州二模)Yunnan
D
as
the
king-
dom
of
animals
and
plants.
A.
know B.
knew
C.
was
known D.
is
known
3.
—Did
you
notice
the
students
B
many
“why”
questions
in
Mr.
Wangs
class?
—Yes,
he
wanted
to
train
their
abilities.
A.
are
asked B.
were
asked
C.
ask D.
asked
4.
—Im
hungry.
Lets
eat
some
snacks.
—Better
not.
Eating
C
in
the
library.
A.
doesnt
allow B.
dont
allow
C.
isnt
allowed D.
arent
allowed
5.
During
the
Tang
Dynasty,
nearly
everything
pro-
duced
in
the
world
C
on
the
street
of
Changan.
A.
could
find B.
couldnt
find
C.
could
be
found D.
couldnt
be
found
6.
Puer
Tea
C
in
some
Western
areas
of
Yunnan.
A.
plants B.
plant
C.
is
planted D.
are
planted
7.
—An
activity
about
protecting
the
environment
D
by
us
in
the
town
center
next
week-
end.
—Thats
great.
A.
will
hold B.
held
C.
was
held D.
will
be
held
8.
—Nowadays,
students
B
more
chances
to
take
cultural
field
trips.
—I
think
these
trips
are
very
meaningful.
A.
offer B.
are
offered
C.
offers D.
is
offered
命题点 6 非谓语动词
(12 年 12 考)
考点精讲
非谓语动词主要在单项填空中考查,有以下三个考向:①动词不定式;②动名词;③分词。 解答
此类试题时,
考生可参考以下步骤:
1.
判定本题应使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词:判断句子是否缺少谓语。
(1)若句子缺少谓语,
该动词就用谓语动词形式。 一般情况下,动词作谓语放在主语之后,比如“ I
love
you. ”中的 love 就是谓语动词;
(2)若句中已有谓语动词,而且没有并列连词使其与所选动词并列,
该动词就用非谓语动词形式。
2.
判定本题应使用非谓语动词的哪种形式:
(1)根据动词的固定搭配和固定句型来确定;
(2)根据非谓语动词的句法功能来确定用哪种形式。 如:作主语或宾语,
用动词不定式或动名词;作
目的状语,用动词不定式等。
89
参考答案·云南英语(课标版)
精
讲
册
10. C 11. C 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. A
18. D 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B
26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B
命题点 5 动词的语态
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. B
命题点 6 非谓语动词
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B
10. C 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. D
18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B
26. C 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. C
命题点 7 主谓一致
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A
★专项提升 1 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. visitors 2. finishing 3. direction 4. understanding
5. meaning 6. pronunciation 7. excitement 8. surprised
9. runner 10. to
experience 11. taking 12. asleep
13. began 14. laughter 15. enjoyable 16. changes
17. dancer 18. recycling
★专项提升 2 动词短语翻译
1. to
follow
the
rules / to
obey
the
rules 2. lie
down 3. deal
with 4. bring
good
luck 5. put
off 6. picked
strawberries
7. fall
in
love
with 8. come
up
with 9. put
up
10. Going
skating 11. care
about 12. goes
by / passes
by
13. making
dumplings 14. prepare
for 15. belong
to
16. run
out 17. get
in
the
way
of
专题三 形容词和副词
命题点 1 形容词、副词词义辨析
1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. B
10. C 11. A
命题点 2 形容词与副词的比较等级
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. D
10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
★专项提升 1 用所给形容词 / 副词
的适当形式填空
1. especially 2. deeply 3. wisely 4. softer 5. safety
6. happily 7. tidier 8. exactly 9. sadness 10. fully
11. highest 12. difference 13. harder 14. Luckily
15. simply 16. healthily
★专项提升 2 形容词短语翻译
1. is
sure
about 2. be
thankful
to 3. be
friendly
to / be
kind
to / be
nice
to 4. is
talented
in 5. are
afraid
of 6. is
surprised
at / was
surprised
at 7. is
popular
with
8. is
different
from 9. is
similar
to
专题四 代词
命题点 1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
Ⅰ. 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. D
10. C
Ⅱ. 1. myself 2. themselves 3. us 4. itself 5. them
6. her 7. yourself 8. him 9. our 10. herself
11. me 12. your 13. himself 14. my 15. their
16. ours
命题点 2 不定代词
1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C
10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
命题点 3 指示代词
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B
专题五 数词
命题点 1 基数词与序数词
1. third 2. twelfth 3. sixth 4. seventy-first 5. ninth
6. eighteenth 7. twice 8. ninetieth 9. thirty-eighth
10. twentieth
命题点 2 确数词与概数词
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D
专题六 冠词
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B
10. B 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. D
18. A 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. C
专题七 介词
命题点 1 介词的基本用法
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B
10. C 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. D
18. C 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. C 25. D
命题点 2 介词短语与介词的固定搭配
Ⅰ. 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A
10. B 11. B 12. B
Ⅱ. 1. in
public 2. at
least 3. According
to 4. on
time
5. In
short / In
a
word 6. on
the
left 7. At
the
beginning
of 8. for
example 9. in
total 10. by
ourselves / on
our
own 11. By
the
end
of 12. for
the
first
time 13. in
a
hurry
专题八 简单句
命题点 1 疑问句
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B
10. D 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. A
命题点 2 感叹句
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. D
10. B
命题点 3 倒装句
1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B
命题点 4 祈使句
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B
6