Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 学习任务单-2024-2025学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

北师大选修 1 Unit3 Lesson3 The Road to Destruction 知识点 一、词汇 （一）重点单词 1. destruction 1. 意思：破坏；毁灭；摧毁。例句：The destruction of the ancient building was a great loss to the city's cultural heritage.（这座古建筑的毁灭是这座城市文化遗产的巨大损失。） 2. 相关词汇：destroy（v. 破坏；毁灭；消灭），例如：The fire destroyed the whole forest.（大火烧毁了整片森林。） 2. deforestation 2. 意思：采伐森林；森林开伐。例句：Deforestation is one of the main causes of soil erosion.（森林砍伐是水土流失的主要原因之一。） 3. emission 3. 意思：（光、热、声音、气体等的）发出；射出；排放。例句：The reduction of carbon emissions is crucial for combating climate change.（减少碳排放对于应对气候变化至关重要。） 3. 常用搭配：carbon emissions（碳排放），例如：The factory is trying to cut its carbon emissions.（这家工厂正在努力减少碳排放。） 4. contribute 4. 意思：贡献；捐献；投稿；是…… 的原因之一。例句：Everyone can contribute to environmental protection.（每个人都可以为环境保护做出贡献。） 4. 常用搭配：contribute to（有助于；导致；向…… 投稿），例如：Smoking contributes to lung cancer.（吸烟导致肺癌。） 5. conserve 5. 意思：保存；保护；节省。例句：We should conserve water and energy.（我们应该节约用水和能源。） 5. 与 preserve 的区别：“conserve” 强调 “珍惜、节用”，“preserve” 侧重于 “保持原样，使…… 不受破坏”。 6. sustainable 6. 意思：可持续的；可以忍受的；足可支撑的。例句：We need to develop sustainable energy sources.（我们需要开发可持续能源。） 6. 相关词汇：sustain（v. 维持；支撑；遭受），例如：The food is not enough to sustain the whole family.（食物不够维持全家人的生活。） （二）重点短语 1. lead to 6. 意思：导致；通向。例句：His laziness led to his failure.（他的懒惰导致了他的失败。） 6. 与 result in 的区别：两者意思相近，但 “lead to” 更强调因果关系的逻辑性，“result in” 更侧重于结果的产生。 2. take measures 6. 意思：采取措施。例句：The government should take measures to improve air quality.（政府应该采取措施来改善空气质量。） 3. be aware of 6. 意思：意识到；知道。例句：People are becoming more aware of the importance of environmental protection.（人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性。） 6. 与 realize 的区别：“be aware of” 强调一种状态，即 “心里知道、意识到”；“realize” 更侧重于一个瞬间的动作，“领悟、认识到”。 二、句式 1. It is + 形容词 + that... 6. 例句：It is obvious that human activities have a great impact on the environment.（很明显，人类活动对环境有很大的影响。） 6. 用法：在这个句式中，“it” 是形式主语，“that” 引导的从句是真正的主语，用于表达某种观点、事实或情况是怎样的。 2. The reason why... is that... 6. 例句：The reason why deforestation is so serious is that people need more land and resources.（森林砍伐如此严重的原因是人们需要更多的土地和资源。） 6. 用法：“The reason why...” 部分用于引出一个现象或事情，“is that...” 部分用于解释原因。 三、语法 1. 动名词作主语和宾语 6. 作主语：例句：Reducing waste is an effective way to protect the environment.（减少浪费是保护环境的一种有效方式。） 6. 作宾语：例句：We should avoid using disposable products.（我们应该避免使用一次性产品。） 6. 用法：动名词在句子中可以像名词一样充当主语或宾语，表示一个动作或行为，同时具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。 四、课文内容理解 1. 主题 6. 课文主题围绕环境破坏展开，详细阐述了人类活动如森林砍伐、温室气体排放等对环境造成的破坏，以及这些破坏行为导致的后果，如生态系统失衡、自然灾害频发等。同时也强调了保护环境、采取可持续发展措施的重要性。 2. 写作目的 6. 作者通过描述环境破坏的现状和后果，旨在唤起读者的环保意识，呼吁人们采取行动来阻止环境的进一步恶化，走向可持续发展的道路。文章可能会列举具体的数据、实例来增强说服力。 北师大选修 1 Unit3 Lesson3 The Road to Destruction 练习题 一、词汇练习 （一）单词拼写 1. The earthquake caused great ______ (破坏) to the city. 2. ______ (森林砍伐) has led to a loss of habitats for many animals. 3. The factory has reduced its carbon ______ (排放) by 20% this year. 4. Everyone should ______ (贡献) to the protection of the environment. 5. We must ______ (保存) our natural resources for future generations. 6. We need to develop ______ (可持续的) ways of living. （二）词汇辨析 1. 选择 destroy 或 damage 填空 6. The flood ______ many houses in the village. 6. The accident ______ his car, but it could still be repaired. 2. 选择 contribute 或 devote 填空 6. She ______ all her time to helping the poor. 6. Smoking ______ to many health problems. 3. 选择 conserve 或 preserve 填空 6. We should ______ historical monuments. 6. We must ______ water during a drought. 二、短语练习 （一）短语填空 1. His bad habits ______ (导致) his poor health. 2. The government has ______ (采取措施) to control pollution. 3. We should ______ (意识到) the importance of saving energy. （二）根据中文意思完成句子，使用括号内的短语 1. 过度使用化肥导致土壤质量下降。（lead to） Overuse of chemical fertilizers ____________________. 2. 我们应该采取措施减少塑料垃圾。（take measures） We should ____________________ to reduce plastic waste. 三、句式练习 （一）翻译句子 1. 很明显，我们需要改变生活方式。（It is + 形容词 + that...） 1. 他迟到的原因是他错过了公交车。（The reason why... is that...） （二）句型转换 1. That he is always late makes his teacher angry.（改为 It is... that... 句型） 1. The reason for his absence is that he is ill.（改为 The reason why... is that... 句型） 四、语法练习 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（动名词作主语和宾语） 1. ______ (Recycle) waste paper can save a lot of trees. 2. We enjoy ______ (walk) in the park. 3. She suggested ______ (go) to the library. （二）单项选择 1. ______ is good for your health. A. Run B. Running C. Ran D. To running 2. I don't mind ______ at home. A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed 五、阅读理解 The destruction of the environment is a major issue that we face today. Human activities such as deforestation, industrial emissions, and overconsumption of resources are taking a toll on the planet. Deforestation, for example, not only destroys the habitats of countless species but also contributes to soil erosion and climate change. Industrial emissions, especially carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, are leading to global warming, which in turn causes rising sea levels and extreme weather events. To address these problems, we must take measures. Firstly, we need to reduce our consumption of natural resources and promote recycling. Secondly, governments and industries should invest in clean energy sources and technologies to reduce emissions. Thirdly, public awareness needs to be raised about the importance of environmental protection. Only by taking these steps can we hope to reverse the trend of environmental destruction and move towards a sustainable future. （一）根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1. What are the main human activities that cause environmental destruction? 2. What are the consequences of deforestation? 3. What measures should we take to address environmental problems? （二）判断正误 1. Environmental destruction is mainly caused by natural disasters.（ ） 2. Global warming is only caused by industrial emissions.（ ） 3. Raising public awareness is an important part of solving environmental problems.（ ） 六、写作 请以 “Protecting the Environment: What Can We Do?” 为题，写一篇 120 - 150 字的短文，谈谈你认为我们可以为保护环境做些什么。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、词汇练习 （一）单词拼写 1. destruction 2. Deforestation 3. emissions 4. contribute 5. conserve 6. sustainable （二）词汇辨析 6. destroyed 6. damaged 6. devotes 6. contributes 6. preserve 6. conserve 二、短语练习 （一）短语填空 1. lead to 2. taken measures 3. be aware of （二）根据中文意思完成句子，使用括号内的短语 1. leads to a decline in soil quality. 2. take measures 三、句式练习 （一）翻译句子 1. It is obvious that we need to change our lifestyle. 2. The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus. （二）句型转换 1. It is that he is always late that makes his teacher angry. 2. The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 四、语法练习 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（动名词作主语和宾语） 1. Recycling 2. walking 3. going （二）单项选择 1. B 2. B 五、阅读理解 （一）根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1. The main human activities are deforestation, industrial emissions, and overconsumption of resources. 2. The consequences include the destruction of habitats, soil erosion, and climate change. 3. We should reduce resource consumption and promote recycling, invest in clean energy, and raise public awareness. （二）判断正误 1. False 2. False 3. True 六、写作 Protecting the Environment: What Can We Do? We can do many things to protect the environment. Firstly, we can reduce waste by using reusable products like shopping bags and water bottles. Secondly, saving energy at home and in the office, such as turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Thirdly, we can plant more trees to improve air quality and provide habitats for animals. Also, we should encourage others to join us in these efforts. Small actions can make a big difference in protecting our planet. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$