Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction 学习任务单-2024-2025学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

北师大选修 1 U3 L1 The Sixth Extinction知识点 一、词汇 （一）重点单词 1. extinction 1. 意思：灭绝；绝种。例句：The extinction of dinosaurs is still a mystery.（恐龙的灭绝仍然是个谜。） 2. 相关词汇：extinct（adj. 灭绝的；绝种的），例如：Some species have become extinct due to human activities.（一些物种由于人类活动已经灭绝。） 2. biodiversity 2. 意思：生物多样性。例句：Protecting biodiversity is crucial for the balance of the ecosystem.（保护生物多样性对生态系统的平衡至关重要。） 3. habitat 3. 意思：（动植物的）栖息地；住处。例句：The destruction of their natural habitat is a major threat to many animals.（对许多动物来说，自然栖息地的破坏是一个主要威胁。） 4. threaten 4. 意思：威胁；危及；预示（危险）。例句：Pollution is threatening the survival of many species.（污染正威胁着许多物种的生存。） 4. 常用搭配：threaten to do sth.（威胁做某事），例如：He threatened to leave if his demands were not met.（他威胁说如果他的要求得不到满足就离开。） 5. consequence 5. 意思：结果；后果；影响。例句：The consequences of climate change are far - reaching.（气候变化的后果是深远的。） 5. 常用搭配：as a consequence（因此；结果），例如：He didn't study hard. As a consequence, he failed the exam.（他学习不努力。因此，他考试不及格。） 6. urgent 6. 意思：紧急的；急迫的。例句：There is an urgent need to take measures to protect the environment.（迫切需要采取措施保护环境。） 6. 相关词汇：urgency（n. 紧急；急迫），例如：The sense of urgency made them act quickly.（紧迫感使他们迅速行动。） （二）重点短语 1. die out 6. 意思：逐渐消失；灭绝。例句：If we don't protect these animals, they will die out.（如果我们不保护这些动物，它们将会灭绝。） 6. 与 extinction 的区别：“die out” 更强调一个逐渐的过程，而 “extinction” 是一个名词，更侧重于状态。 2. due to 6. 意思：由于；因为。例句：The decline of the species is due to habitat loss.（这个物种的减少是由于栖息地的丧失。） 6. 与 because of 的区别：“due to” 一般作表语，“because of” 可作状语。 3. on average 6. 意思：平均；通常。例句：On average, the temperature has risen by 2 degrees in the past decade.（在过去的十年里，平均气温上升了 2 度。） 4. take... for granted 6. 意思：认为…… 理所当然。例句：We often take clean water for granted, but it's a precious resource.（我们经常把干净的水看作是理所当然的，但它是一种宝贵的资源。） 二、句式 1. It is estimated that... 6. 意思：据估计……。例句：It is estimated that over a million species could be at risk of extinction.（据估计，超过一百万种物种可能面临灭绝的风险。） 6. 用法：这是一个常用的句式，其中 “that” 引导的是一个主语从句，整个句子的真正主语是 “that” 后面的内容，“it” 是形式主语。 2. The more..., the more... 6. 意思：越……，越……。例句：The more we know about biodiversity, the more we will realize its importance.（我们对生物多样性了解得越多，就越能意识到它的重要性。） 6. 用法：这是一个比较结构的句式，前后两个 “the more...” 部分在意义上相互呼应，前者是后者的条件。 三、语法 1. 现在完成进行时 6. 结构：have/has + been + 现在分词。例句：Scientists have been studying the sixth extinction for years.（科学家们多年来一直在研究第六次大灭绝。） 6. 用法：表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且这个动作可能还会继续下去。强调动作的持续性和不间断性。 四、课文内容理解 1. 主题 6. 课文主要围绕第六次大灭绝展开，阐述了生物多样性面临的严峻威胁，包括物种灭绝的现状、原因（如栖息地丧失、人类活动等）以及可能产生的后果，呼吁人们重视并采取行动来保护生物多样性。 2. 文章结构 6. 通常会包括提出问题（第六次大灭绝的现象）、分析原因（人类活动对生物栖息地的破坏等）、阐述后果（生态系统失衡等）和提出解决方案（呼吁人们采取行动）这几个部分。通过这样的结构来完整地论述生物多样性保护的重要性和紧迫性。 The Sixth Extinction 练习题 一、词汇练习 （一）单词拼写 1. The ______ (灭绝) of some species is an alarming sign of environmental degradation. 2. Maintaining ______ (生物多样性) is essential for the health of the planet. 3. The forest is the natural ______ (栖息地) of many wild animals. 4. The rising sea levels ______ (威胁) the existence of low - lying islands. 5. His careless actions had serious ______ (后果). 6. There is an ______ (紧急的) need to address the issue of climate change. （二）词汇辨析 1. 选择 extinct 或 extinction 填空 6. The dinosaurs have been ______ for millions of years. 6. The ______ of many species is a major concern for scientists. 2. 选择 due to 或 because of 填空 6. The flight was delayed ______ bad weather. 6. Her success is ______ her hard work and determination. 3. 选择 threaten 或 warn 填空 6. The dark clouds ______ a storm is coming. 6. The hunter ______ the animals with his gun. 二、短语练习 （一）短语填空 1. If we don't protect the pandas, they will ______ (逐渐消失). 2. The accident happened ______ (由于) his carelessness. 3. ______ (平均), people in this city earn a decent income. 4. We should not ______ (认为…… 理所当然) the efforts of environmentalists. （二）根据中文意思完成句子，使用括号内的短语 1. 许多古老的文化正在逐渐消失。（die out） Many ancient cultures are ____________________. 2. 由于森林火灾，许多动物失去了栖息地。（due to） Many animals lost their habitats ____________________. 三、句式练习 （一）翻译句子 1. 据估计，地球上约有八百万种物种。（It is estimated that...） 1. 你越努力学习，你取得的进步就越大。（The more..., the more...） （二）句型转换 1. People say that he is a great scientist.（改为 It is said that... 句型） 1. If you read more, you will know more.（改为 The more..., the more... 句型） 四、语法练习 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（现在完成进行时） 1. Scientists ______ (research) the effects of climate change for decades. 2. She ______ (work) on this project since last year. （二）单项选择 1. I ______ for three hours. I'm really tired. A. have been running B. have run C. ran D. run 2. They ______ the problem for a long time but still haven't found a solution. A. have been discussing B. have discussed C. discuss D. discussed 五、阅读理解 The sixth extinction is a serious threat to the Earth's biodiversity. Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and overexploitation of natural resources are the main causes. Many species are losing their habitats and are unable to survive. For example, the destruction of the Amazon rainforest has led to the disappearance of numerous plants and animals. Scientists estimate that the extinction rate is much higher than normal. If this continues, it will have far - reaching consequences. The ecosystem will become unbalanced, and this will affect food chains and the services that nature provides to humans, such as clean water and air. It is urgent that we take action to protect the remaining species and their habitats. We need to reduce our carbon footprint, protect forests and oceans, and promote sustainable development. Only by doing so can we hope to slow down or even stop the sixth extinction. （一）根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1. What are the main causes of the sixth extinction? 2. What are the consequences of the sixth extinction? 3. What can we do to prevent the sixth extinction? （二）判断正误 1. The sixth extinction is mainly caused by natural disasters.（ ） 2. The extinction rate is normal at present.（ ） 3. Protecting the environment is the key to preventing the sixth extinction.（ ） 六、写作 请以 “Protecting Biodiversity: Our Responsibility” 为题，写一篇 120 - 150 字的短文，谈谈你对保护生物多样性的认识和我们应该采取的行动。 参考答案 一、词汇练习 （一）单词拼写 1. extinction 2. biodiversity 3. habitat 4. threaten 5. consequences 6. urgent （二）词汇辨析 6. extinct 6. extinction 6. because of 6. due to 6. warn 6. threaten 二、短语练习 （一）短语填空 1. die out 2. due to 3. On average 4. take... for granted （二）根据中文意思完成句子，使用括号内的短语 1. dying out 2. due to the forest fire 三、句式练习 （一）翻译句子 1. It is estimated that there are about eight million species on Earth. 2. The more you study hard, the more progress you will make. （二）句型转换 1. It is said that he is a great scientist. 2. The more you read, the more you will know. 四、语法练习 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（现在完成进行时） 1. have been researching 2. has been working （二）单项选择 1. A 2. A 五、阅读理解 （一）根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1. The main causes are human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and overexploitation of natural resources. 2. The consequences include an unbalanced ecosystem, disruption of food chains, and negative impacts on nature's services to humans like clean water and air. 3. We can reduce our carbon footprint, protect forests and oceans, and promote sustainable development. （二）判断正误 1. False 2. False 3. True 六、写作 Protecting Biodiversity: Our Responsibility Protecting biodiversity is of great significance. It ensures the balance of the ecosystem and the survival of countless species. We should start from daily life, such as reducing waste and saving energy. Also, we can support conservation projects and raise public awareness. Only when everyone takes responsibility can we preserve the rich variety of life on Earth and create a sustainable future for ourselves and the next generations. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$