新概念英语第三册lesson44学习要点解析讲义

2024-12-13
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新概念英语第三册 Lesson 44 一、词汇 illusion 释义:n. 幻觉;错觉;幻想 搭配:optical illusion(视错觉);have an illusion about sth.(对某事抱有幻想) 例句:The mirage is an optical illusion caused by hot air.(海市蜃楼是由热空气引起的一种视错觉。) pasture 释义:n. 牧场;草地;v. 放牧 搭配:grazing pasture(放牧牧场);put cattle to pasture(放牛吃草) 例句:The sheep were grazing in the green pasture.(羊群在绿色的牧场上吃草。) sensitive 释义:adj. 敏感的;灵敏的;易受伤害的;感光的 搭配:be sensitive to sth.(对某事敏感);sensitive skin(敏感皮肤) 例句:Some plants are very sensitive to changes in temperature.(有些植物对温度变化非常敏感。) reality 释义:n. 现实;实际;真实 搭配:face reality(面对现实);in reality(实际上) 例句:In reality, the situation is much more complicated than we thought.(实际上,情况比我们想象的要复杂得多。) breed 释义:v. 繁殖;饲养;养育;产生;n. 品种;种类 搭配:breed animals(饲养动物);a rare breed(稀有品种) 例句:The farmer breeds cattle and sheep on his farm.(农夫在他的农场里饲养牛羊。) domestic 释义:adj. 国内的;家庭的;驯养的 搭配:domestic market(国内市场);domestic chores(家务琐事);domestic animals(家畜) 例句:She takes care of the domestic affairs at home.(她在家处理家务事。) fierce 释义:adj. 凶猛的;激烈的;猛烈的 搭配:fierce competition(激烈竞争);a fierce storm(猛烈的风暴) 例句:There is fierce competition among the companies in the market.(市场上各公司之间竞争激烈。) tame 释义:adj. 驯服的;温顺的;乏味的;v. 驯服;使变得平淡 搭配:a tame animal(驯服的动物);tame one's temper(克制脾气) 例句:The tiger in the zoo looks tame.(动物园里的老虎看起来很温顺。) endanger 释义:v. 危及;使遭到危险 搭配:endanger one's life(危及某人生命);endanger the environment(危害环境) 例句:Pollution endangers many species of plants and animals.(污染危及许多动植物物种。) species 释义:n. 物种;种类 搭配:endangered species(濒危物种);a species of bird(一种鸟) 例句:Many species of animals are disappearing due to habitat loss.(由于栖息地丧失,许多动物物种正在消失。) extinct 释义:adj. 灭绝的;绝种的;熄灭的 搭配:become extinct(灭绝);extinct volcano(死火山) 例句:The dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.(恐龙已经灭绝了数百万年。) wildlife 释义:n. 野生动植物 搭配:protect wildlife(保护野生动植物);wildlife conservation(野生动物保护) 例句:The national park is home to a rich variety of wildlife.(国家公园是各种野生动植物的家园。) preserve 释义:v. 保护;保存;维护;腌制;n. 保护区;禁猎地;加工成的食品 搭配:preserve historical sites(保护历史遗迹);preserve food(保存食物);a nature preserve(自然保护区) 例句:We should preserve our cultural heritage.(我们应该保护我们的文化遗产。) habitat 释义:n. 栖息地;产地 搭配:natural habitat(自然栖息地);destroy the habitat(破坏栖息地) 例句:The rainforest is the habitat of many rare animals.(雨林是许多珍稀动物的栖息地。) threaten 释义:v. 威胁;恐吓;预示;有…… 危险 搭配:threaten to do sth.(威胁要做某事);be threatened by sth.(受到某事威胁) 例句:The robber threatened the victim with a knife.(劫匪用刀威胁受害者。) survive 释义:v. 幸存;活下来;比…… 活得长;从…… 中坚持过来 搭配:survive an accident(在事故中幸存);survive on sth.(靠某物生存) 例句:Some plants can survive in very harsh environments.(一些植物能在非常恶劣的环境中生存。) ancestor 释义:n. 祖先;祖宗;原型;先驱 搭配:ancestors of the family(家族的祖先);a common ancestor(共同祖先) 例句:Our ancestors lived in caves thousands of years ago.(我们的祖先数千年前居住在洞穴里。) descendant 释义:n. 后代;子孙;后裔;派生物;adj. 下降的;祖传的 搭配:future descendants(后代子孙);a descendant of the royal family(王室后裔) 例句:He is a direct descendant of the famous writer.(他是那位著名作家的直系后代。) instinct 释义:n. 本能;直觉;天性 搭配:by instinct(出于本能);animal instinct(动物本能) 例句:Birds build nests by instinct.(鸟类筑巢是出于本能。) mysterious 释义:adj. 神秘的;难以理解的;不可思议的 搭配:a mysterious disappearance(神秘失踪);mysterious phenomenon(神秘现象) 例句:The old castle has a mysterious atmosphere.(这座古老的城堡有一种神秘的氛围。) 二、课文 文章内容解读: 课文围绕野生动物的生存状况展开。首先提到人们对野生动物存在一些错误的观念,如认为某些野生动物是温顺无害的,而实际上它们在自然环境中具有野性和危险性。接着讲述了人类活动对野生动物栖息地的破坏以及由此导致的物种濒危甚至灭绝的严峻现实。文中列举了如老虎等动物的例子,强调了保护野生动物栖息地和物种多样性的重要性,呼吁人们要正确认识野生动物并积极采取行动保护它们,否则将会导致不可挽回的后果,影响整个生态平衡。 重点句型讲解: “When you think of the innumerable birds that one sees flying about, not to mention the equally numerous small animals like field mice and voles which you do not see, it is very rarely that one comes across a dead body.” 此句中 “not to mention...” 表示 “更不用说……”,用于补充说明前面提到的事物之外的其他事物。例如:He can speak French and German, not to mention English.(他会说法语和德语,更不用说英语了。)“it is very rarely that...” 是一个强调句型,强调 “rarely” 这个副词,表示 “很少……”。例如:It is very rarely that he makes mistakes in his work.(他在工作中很少出错。) 三、语法 现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别 定义: 现在分词作定语时,表示所修饰的名词或代词正在进行的动作或与该动作有主动关系。例如:a sleeping baby(一个正在睡觉的婴儿),“sleeping” 表示 “baby” 正在进行 “睡觉” 这个动作,且 “baby” 与 “sleep” 是主动关系。 过去分词作定语时,表示所修饰的名词或代词已经完成的动作或与该动作有被动关系。例如:a broken window(一扇破碎的窗户),“broken” 表示 “window” 已经被 “打破”,是被动关系。 用法: 现在分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前,有时也可放在被修饰词之后,尤其是当分词短语作定语时。例如:The girl standing under the tree is my sister.(站在树下的女孩是我的妹妹。) 过去分词作定语也可放在被修饰词之前或之后,单个过去分词作定语多前置,过去分词短语作定语多后置。例如:The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.(鲁迅写的书很有名。) 例句: The running water in the river is very clear.(河里流动的水很清澈。)(现在分词 “running” 作定语修饰 “water”,表示水正在流动) The damaged car was towed away.(受损的汽车被拖走了。)(过去分词 “damaged” 作定语修饰 “car”,表示汽车已经受损) 四、配套习题 词汇练习: Fill in the blanks with the correct words. The zoo has a collection of rare animal __________. (species) The ancient forest is the natural __________ of many wild animals. (habitat) The hunter's actions __________ the lives of the deer in the forest. (endangered) We should try to __________ our natural resources. (preserve) The tiger is a fierce and powerful __________ of the cat family. (breed) Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. The dog is very (tame / wild) and can be easily trained. (tame) The (sensitive / sensible) instrument can detect very small changes. (sensitive) The old building has a (mysterious / strange) history. (mysterious) 句型练习: Rewrite the sentences using “not to mention...” He can play basketball and football. He can also play tennis. He can play basketball and football, not to mention tennis. She has visited Paris and London. She has also been to Rome. She has visited Paris and London, not to mention Rome. Transform the sentences using the emphasis structure “it is... that...” He met his old friend in the park yesterday. It was in the park that he met his old friend yesterday. She found her lost key under the bed. It was under the bed that she found her lost key. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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新概念英语第三册lesson44学习要点解析讲义
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