新概念英语第三册lesson39学习要点解析讲义

2024-12-13
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新概念英语第三册 Lesson 39 一、词汇 rough 释义:adj. 粗糙的;粗略的;粗暴的;汹涌的;adv. 粗糙地;粗暴地;v. 使粗糙;粗暴对待 搭配:rough surface(粗糙的表面);a rough estimate(粗略的估计);be rough on sb.(对某人粗暴;使某人倒霉);rough sea(波涛汹涌的大海) 例句:The road was very rough.(这条路非常崎岖。)The teacher gave a rough idea of the topic.(老师大致讲了一下主题。) boulder 释义:n. 巨石;大圆石 搭配:a huge boulder(一块巨大的巨石) 例句:The boulder blocked the path.(巨石挡住了道路。) pit 释义:n. 坑;矿井;陷阱;深渊;v. 使有坑;使凹陷 搭配:a coal pit(煤矿坑);fall into a pit(掉进陷阱);pit against(使与…… 相斗) 例句:The ground was full of pits.(地面上到处是坑。) perturb 释义:v. 使烦恼;使不安;扰乱 搭配:be perturbed about/by(对…… 感到不安) 例句:She was perturbed by the news.(她被这个消息弄得心烦意乱。) underestimate 释义:v. 低估;看轻;n. 低估 搭配:underestimate the difficulty(低估困难);make an underestimate(做出低估) 例句:We should not underestimate the power of the enemy.(我们不应低估敌人的力量。) swerve 释义:v. 突然转向;背离;n. 转向;偏离 搭配:swerve to avoid(为避开而突然转向);a swerve in the road(道路的转弯) 例句:The car swerved to avoid the dog.(汽车突然转向以避开那只狗。) scoop 释义:n. 勺;铲子;独家新闻;一勺的量;v. 舀;掘;抢先报道 搭配:a scoop of ice cream(一勺冰淇淋);scoop up(舀起;铲起;抢先得到) 例句:He scooped the ball up with his hands.(他用手把球舀了起来。) hammer 释义:n. 锤子;榔头;v. 锤击;敲打;反复强调 搭配:a hammer and nails(锤子和钉子);hammer at(敲打;致力于);hammer into(向…… 灌输;把…… 敲进) 例句:He hammered the nail into the wall.(他把钉子钉进墙里。) ominously 释义:adv. 不祥地;有预兆地 搭配:look ominously(看起来不祥) 例句:The clouds gathered ominously.(乌云不祥地聚集起来。) rip 释义:v. 撕;扯;裂开;n. 裂口;裂缝 搭配:rip sth. open(撕开某物);a rip in the cloth(布料上的裂口) 例句:He ripped the envelope open.(他撕开了信封。) petrol 释义:n. 汽油 搭配:fill up with petrol(加满汽油) 例句:The car needs petrol.(汽车需要汽油。) stretch 释义:v. 伸展;延伸;拉长;n. 伸展;延伸;一段时间;一片 搭配:stretch one's legs(伸展腿部);a stretch of road(一段路);at a stretch(连续地;一口气地) 例句:He stretched his arms above his head.(他把手臂伸过头顶。) obstacle 释义:n. 障碍;障碍物;妨碍 搭配:overcome an obstacle(克服障碍);an obstacle to progress(进步的障碍) 例句:The lack of funds is a major obstacle to the project.(资金短缺是这个项目的主要障碍。) clump 释义:n. 丛;簇;土块;v. 形成一丛;以沉重的步子行走 搭配:a clump of trees(一丛树);clump together(聚集在一起) 例句:The sheep were clumped together in the corner of the field.(羊聚集在田野的角落里。) fissure 释义:n. 裂缝;裂隙;分歧;v. 使分裂;使裂开 搭配:a fissure in the rock(岩石中的裂缝);widen a fissure(扩大裂缝) 例句:The earthquake caused many fissures in the ground.(地震使地面出现了许多裂缝。) renew 释义:v. 重新开始;更新;恢复;续借;重申 搭配:renew a contract(续签合同);renew one's energy(恢复精力);renew an acquaintance(重温旧交) 例句:He renewed his efforts to study.(他重新开始努力学习。) pleading 释义:n. 恳求;辩护;adj. 恳求的 搭配:a pleading look(恳求的眼神);make a pleading(进行恳求) 例句:She gave him a pleading glance.(她向他投去恳求的目光。) gear 释义:n. 齿轮;传动装置;装备;用具;v. 使适应;使适合;调整 搭配:change gear(换挡);fishing gear(渔具);gear to(使适合;使适应) 例句:The car has five gears.(这辆车有五个挡位。) astride 释义:prep. 跨在…… 上;adv. 跨着;骑着 搭配:sit astride(跨坐) 例句:The boy sat astride the fence.(男孩跨坐在栅栏上。) crack 释义:n. 裂缝;裂纹;爆裂声;v. 使破裂;使裂开;发出爆裂声;破解 搭配:a crack in the vase(花瓶上的裂缝);crack a joke(讲笑话);crack a code(破解密码) 例句:The whip cracked loudly.(鞭子啪地一声响。) 二、课文 文章内容解读 课文讲述了作者在驾驶汽车行驶过程中遇到的一系列惊险状况。先是在一条崎岖不平的道路上行驶,遇到了巨石、坑洼等障碍,接着汽车的一个轮胎陷入了坑里,这给作者带来了不少困扰。在试图解决问题的过程中,又出现了更多的意外,如汽车部件的损坏等,使整个情况变得更加危急。作者通过生动的描述,让读者感受到了当时紧张和危险的氛围,以及他在面对这些状况时的心理变化。 重点句型讲解 “We had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke.”:“no sooner...than...” 表示 “一…… 就……”,引导时间状语从句,且 no sooner 位于句首时,主句需用部分倒装,此句正常语序为 “We had set out no sooner than a thunderstorm broke.”,意思是 “我们一出发就遭遇了雷雨”。 “The car leaped forward out of control and crashed into a tree.”:此句中 “out of control” 作状语,描述汽车的状态,意思是 “失去控制地”,整句话描述了汽车失控向前冲并撞到树上的情景。 “It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.”:“It was not long before...” 表示 “不久就……”,此句意思是 “不久一架直升机就到达现场营救飞机失事的幸存者”。 三、语法 过去完成时与一般过去时的搭配使用 定义:过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即 “过去的过去”;一般过去时则表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。在叙述过去的事情时,常常会先提及过去某个时间点发生的一般过去时的动作,然后再用过去完成时来描述在此之前已经发生的相关动作,以体现动作发生的先后顺序。 用法: 用于含有时间状语从句的复合句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。例如:When I got home, my mother had already cooked dinner.(当我到家时,我妈妈已经做好了晚饭。) 在叙述过去连续发生的动作时,先发生的动作用过去完成时,后发生的动作用一般过去时。例如:I had lost my key, so I couldn't open the door.(我把钥匙丢了,所以打不开门。) 例句:The train had left when I arrived at the station.(我到达车站时火车已经开走了。) 四、配套习题 词汇练习 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 The surface of the table is very __________ (rough). The news __________ (perturb) him greatly. They made an __________ (underestimate) of the cost. The cloth has a small __________ (rip) in it. He needs to __________ (renew) his passport. 答案: rough perturbed underestimate rip renew 选择正确的单词填空。 The __________ (boulder / pit) in the field was difficult to move. The car made a sudden __________ (swerve / scoop) to avoid the pedestrian. He used a __________ (hammer / petrol) to fix the broken chair. There is a long __________ (stretch / obstacle) of beach along the coast. The __________ (fissure / pleading) in the relationship was hard to repair. 答案: boulder swerve hammer stretch fissure 句型练习 用 “no sooner...than...” 造句。 示例:No sooner had I sat down than the phone rang.(我刚坐下电话就响了。) 用 “out of control” 造句。 示例:The fire was out of control and spread quickly.(火势失去控制并迅速蔓延。) 用过去完成时与一般过去时搭配填空。 I __________ (finish) my homework before I __________ (go) to bed. She __________ (already leave) when he __________ (arrive) at the party. 答案: had finished; went had already left; arrived 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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新概念英语第三册lesson39学习要点解析讲义
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