Module 9 Unit 2 Writing-课后练习 2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语上册

作业练习 课程基本信息 学科 英语 年级 八年级 学期 秋季 课题 《Module 9 Population Unit 2 Arnwick was a city with 200000 people. 》 作业练习 一、阅读理解 In the latter part of the 20th century, child labor remains a serious problem in many parts of the world. Studies carried out in 1979, the International Year of the Children, showed that more than 50 million children below the age of 15 were working in various jobs often under dangerous conditions. Many of these children live in underdeveloped countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Their living conditions are crude and their chances for education small. The poor income they bring in, however, is necessary for the survival of their families. Frequently, these families lack the basic necessities of life-adequate food, decent(得体的、合适的) clothing and shelter, and even water for bathing. In some countries industrialization has created working conditions for children that are comparable to the worst features of the 19th - century factories and mines. In India, for example, some 20, 000 children work 16 - hour days in match factories. Child-labor problems are not, of course, limited to developing nations. They occur wherever poverty exists in Europe and the United States. The most important efforts to eliminate(根除) child-labor abuses throughout the world come from the International Labor Organization(ILO), founded in 1919 and now a special agency of the United Nations. The organization has introduced several child-labor conventions(规定) among its members, including a minimum (最低) age of 16 years for admission to all work, a higher minimum age of specific types of employment, compulsory (强制的) medical examinations, and It depends on voluntary obedience (服从)of member nations. 1. The use of children workers is the most serious ________ . A. in the latter part of the 20th century B. in the International Year of the Child in 1979 C. in the poorest and backward parts of the world D. in some areas of Latin America 2. Often children have to work because ________ . A. they can not afford to go to school. B. they are forced to work by their parents. C. there is no organization to protect them. D. they have to provide for their families. 3. According to the UN conventions, ________ . A. employers should provide medical care for children workers. B. children can not be employed. C. children should never be arranged to work at night. D. all countries should give children workers regular physical examinations. 4. As far as child labor is concerned, in India, ________ . A. children workers work the longest hours. B. the working conditions for children are really very bad. C. most children workers are employed in match factories. D. there has been great improvement in the working condition since the last century. 二、 There’s one thing for certain – we’re all getting older. And while the older amongst us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing. And with age comes wisdom. However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves? A situation where there are more old people than young certainly has an effect on the world. A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050, drastically altering some countries’ demographic make-up. This growing and dependent population means that there is an increased demand for health and social care. Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions, which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. And long-term, a smaller population of economically-active people may be a problem for companies trying to recruit staff. Attitudes to an ageing population vary around the world. The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were. Here, immigration is helping to boost the younger workforce. Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family. Many thought the government should be responsible. But old age shouldn’t just be seen negatively. Elderly people have knowledge and experience they can pass on. Some have wealth which they can spend, helping the economy. And some help society by doing voluntary or charity work. Of course, solutions are needed to tackle the issue, and these include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, persuading skilled and educated migrants to fill labour shortages, or even convincing people to have more children. （一）、  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. According to research, what will happen to the number of over 65-year-olds by 2050? 2. Who funds the pensions paid out by governments? 3.  Who do people think should take care of the elderly? 4. True or false? Skilled migrants can help overcome the problems of a shrinking workforce. 5. What can elderly people do with the experience and knowledge they have? （二）、  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The professor was known for her experience and _______. A、pensions                      B、wisdom                       C、pass on                        D、dependant 2. I’m planning for my _______ by saving money every month. A、old age                        B、elderly                         C、retirement age            D、pass on 3. Although incredibly _______, my 90-year-old grandma has such a wonderful spirit. A、depending                  B、 dependable                 C、dependent                  D、depends 4. I’m going to _______ my knowledge of baking to my children. A、gracefully                     B、wisdom                       C、old age                        D、pass on 5. A special grocery delivery service has been set up to help the _______ in the community. A、old age                       B、 elderly                        C、pension                       D、retirement age 答案解析： 一、 1. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节题。根据文章内容Studies carried out in 1979, the International Year of the Children, showed that more than 50million children below the age of 15 were working in various jobs often under dangerous conditions. Many of these children live in underdeveloped countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.由此可知，世界上的大部分童工都在极其危险的环境下上班，尤其在拉丁美洲，非洲和亚洲等平穷落后的发展中国家。 故选：C。 2. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节题。根据文章内容The poor income they bring in, however, is necessary for the survival of their families. Frequently, these families lack the basic necessities of life-adequate food, decent(得体的、合适的) clothing and shelter, and even water for bathing.由此可知，有些孩子之所以会去做工是因为家境贫困，为了家庭的基本生计而出去上班。 故选：D。 3. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节题。根据文章内容The organization has introduced several child-labor conventions(规定) namong its members, including a minimum(最低) age of 16years for admission to all work, a higher minimum age of specific types of employment, compulsory(强制的) medical examinations，由此可知，UN规定如果雇佣童工的话必须最低年纪是16岁，必须为童工提供强制的医疗保障等。 故选：A。 4. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节题。根据文章内容In India, for example, some 20,000children work 16-hour days in match factories.在印度，有2万个童工每天在钟表厂上班16个小时。 A. 童工工作时间最长本文没有提到，没有选择的依据； B. 儿童的工作条件真的很差。 故选：B。 本文章主要讲述了现在在许多贫穷的发展中国家雇佣童工的事． 二.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. According to research, what will happen to the number of over 65-year-olds by 2050? A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally, the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050. 2. Who funds the pensions paid out by governments? Governments provide pensions which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. 3. Who do people think should take care of the elderly? It varies. Some think they should take care of themselves, while others believe it should be the family’s job. Many think it’s the government’s responsibility. 4. True or false? Skilled migrants can help overcome the problems of a shrinking workforce. True. Encouraging skilled and educated migrants can fill labour shortages. 5. What can elderly people do with the experience and knowledge they have? Elderly people have knowledge and experience they can pass on. 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The professor was known for her experience and wisdom. 2. I’m planning for my old age by saving money every month. 3. Although incredibly dependent, my 90-year-old grandma has such a wonderful spirit. 4. I’m going to pass on my knowledge of baking to my children. 5. A special grocery delivery service has been set up to help the elderly in the community.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$