2025届高考重点知识背诵及真题专项练习Unit3The Art of Painting（牛津译林版选择性必修第一册）

UNIT 3 The art of painting 单元词汇 一、写作词汇 1.wander through the Impressionist gallery漫步印象派画廊 2.during the past decade在过去的十年里 3.a fish pond 养鱼池 4.like-minded people 志同道合的人 5.a vivid description生动的描写 6.the loss of her vision她的失明 7.on display在展示；在展览 8.under the shade of a tree在树的阴影下 9.bathe the wound 清洗伤口 10.a weekly wage of ￡200 周薪200英镑 11.conduct a campaign领导一项运动 12.harvest crops by hand人工收割庄稼 13.go sailing on the lake 泛舟湖上 14.show an enormous amount of detail展示大量的细节 15.the high cost of food and clothing 衣食的昂贵费用 16.soldiers on duty 值勤的士兵 17.show outstanding talent 展示出杰出的才能 18.rare animals 稀有动物 19.the secret to a good career一个好的职业的秘诀 20.strike vt.& vi.（struck，struck）突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划（火柴） n.罢工；袭击；击，打 ①be struck by a car被车撞了 ②be deeply struck by my introduction被我的介绍深深地打动了 ③the clock struck nine钟敲响9时 ④strike a match 划着一根火柴 21.decline n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 ①decline to be interviewed on tape谢绝录音采访 ②urban/economic decline 城市衰落/经济衰退 ③a sharp decline急剧下降 22.worthy adj.值得（或应得）……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 A self-study room is worthy to be set up/of setting up， for it’s really convenient for us to do some group projects and share our thoughts there. （邀请信） 自习室是值得建立的，因为在那里做一些团体项目和分享想法对我们来说很方便。 23.bathe vt.以（光线）洒满，覆盖，使沐浴（在光线里）；用水清洗 Bathed in the sunshine，we jumped and cheered with joy. （环境描写） 沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴地又跳又叫。 24.wind vi.& vt.（wound，wound）蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 The stream winds its way across the field. （环境描写） 那条小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野。 二、阅读词汇 1.brushwork n.（画家的）笔触，画法 2.essence n.本质，精髓；香精，精油 3.architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学 4.raw adj.未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的 5.insight n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 6.calling n.职业，事业；使命感 7.toast n.吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt.为……干杯；烤；取暖 8.garlic n.蒜，大蒜 9.mushroom n.蘑菇 10.civilian n.平民，老百姓，庶民 11.butcher n.肉贩，屠夫 12.temple n.庙宇，寺院 13.structure n.建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织 14.overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上 15.crisis n.（pl.crises） 危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 16.overthrow vt.（overthrew，overthrown）推翻，打倒 n.推翻，打倒 17.emperor n.皇帝 18.[人教选必三UNIT 1]What is Western art？It is hard to give a precise definition. adj.准确的，精确的 19.[外研必修二UNIT 5]We spent the whole day hiking and I even saw some huge yaks！The landscape is so beautiful！ n.乡村风景画；风景，景色 20.[北师大选必二UNIT 6]All can work well，but why do many adaptations and indeed remakes fail both cinema audiences and critics？ n.批评家，评论家 三、派生词汇 1.most adj.最大的，最多的pron.大多数，大部分→mostly adv.主要地，一般地 2.neighbour n.邻居；邻近的人（物）；邻国→neighbourhood n.街区，城区；邻近的地方 3.set vt.放，搁置；使（小说、剧本、电影、场景）发生于；以某地为背景→setting n.环境，背景；情节背景 4.liberation n.解放，摆脱→liberate vt.解放，使自由，摆脱 5.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与（某人）较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n.反对；对立 6.dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要（或明显）的特色；支配；控制；占有优势；俯视→domination n.支配，控制→dominant adj.占支配地位的 7.employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员→employment n.雇用；就业→unemployment n.失业；失业率 8.real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上→reality n.现实；实际情况；实际经历；事实→realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 9.arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n.布置；整理；筹备；安排 10.apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然→apparently adv.显然地 11.ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n.野心，雄心；抱负 12.comprehend v.理解，包含→comprehension n.理解，概括，综合→comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 13.inspection n.检查，查看，审视；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅 vi.进行检查；进行视察 14.expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→exposure n.暴露；揭发；接触→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 15.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→politician n.政治家；政客 16.exhibition n.展览，展出→exhibit v.展览，展出 n.展览品，陈列品 17.history n.历史学；历史→historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→historical adj.历史的；具有历史意义的 短语词块 1.as opposed to（表示对比）而，相对于 2.all walks of life各行各业，社会各界 3.go about sth忙于做某事，继续做某事 4.be down to由……引起（或造成） 5.in one’s own right凭自身的资格（或努力） 6.speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明 7.look forward to期望……，盼望…… 8.be housed in被安置在…… 9.prepare sb for ...使某人为……做好准备 10.lay eyes on看到……，看见…… 11.pick ...out of ...从……中选出…… 12.make/leave an impression on sb给某人留下印象 13.be struck by被……打动，迷恋…… 14.lose control of失去对……的控制 15.a wide range of大范围的；各种不同的 16.in decline下降；在衰退中 17.seek liberation from寻求从……中解放出来 18.from an entirely new point of view从一个全新的角度 19.the landscape of the Great Wall长城的景色 20.a national gallery一个国家展览馆 21.in a busy neighbourhood在一个繁忙的街区 22.burn with vivid colours and light 迸发鲜艳的颜色和光线 23.an important insight into深入了解 24.free brushwork自由的笔触 教材句式 1.句式：as引导时间状语从句 原句：As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery， I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players. 当我漫步在印象派画廊时，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 2.句式：even though引导让步状语从句 原句：Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 尽管我在电脑屏幕上欣赏过它们数百次，但当我终于亲眼见到实物时，还是觉得猝不及防，惊叹不已。 3.句式：every time引导时间状语从句 原句：It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 4.句式：强调句 原句：Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay ... 尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 5.句式：过去分词短语作后置定语 原句：It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing （present-day Kaifeng），the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. 人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京（今开封），即北宋的都城。 6.句式：not only ...but also ... 原句：Its value is down not only to its great scale，artistic quality and attention to detail，but also to its representation of daily life. 它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，而且还在于对日常生活的展现。 专项练习 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·广东省湛江市高三一模]By the time I took Kicker home, I was living in a van (旅居房车), so he was thrown into van life from day one. At this point, I knew how to make him an outgoing and adaptable dog, and my life was far more adventurous than it had been... Right out of the gate, I took him to ski touring, which is a lot like crosscountry skiing but in wilder terrain. At first, Kicker would just stay nestled (依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again. We also went on some winter camping adventures in the high peaks of the Uinta Mountains, and we tried snow kiting. He ran around while I skied. He learned to speedfly and kiteboard. One time he vomited (呕吐) all over the new cushions on my bed. Boy, did that stay smelly for days! Still, living in a van with a dog was great. With each new day, he got stronger and more independent. I had dreamed of visiting Alaska since I was a child, so being able to share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. There's something to be said about shared experiences and how they help develop a strong bond. Together we kayaked, snowmobiled, and even ended up exploring deep blue ice caves in Worthington Glacier. Kicker learned to come snowboarding with me in the mountains of Alaska. He would hike part of the way, and I would carry him the rest. I would always let him run next to me as I boarded, but I usually ended up putting him on my shoulders for the rest of the ride down—he had grown far too big to fit in my jacket. Having a dog has been one of the most rewarding things in my life. For me, it's about the time spent together exploring, sharing experiences, working through challenging situations, snuggling, and ultimately taking care of one another. 1．What was Kicker like when he was first taken home by the author? A．Sick and pitiful. B．Small and weak. C．Happy and active. D．Outgoing and adventurous. 2．Why was the incident of Kicker's vomiting mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To illustrate how hard life is in a van. B．To indicate that raising Kicker was not all roses. C．To show the importance of taking good care of a pet. D．To warn us of the trouble a pet can bring to us on a trip. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．What tricks Kicker learned in Alaska. B．What great experiences the author had. C．How the author realized his childhood dream. D．How much the author enjoyed Kicker's company. 4．What is special about the author's relationship with Kicker? A．They bond through shared adventures. B．They help each other to become stronger. C．They bond through giving each other rewards. D．They depend on each other in life's hardest times. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和小狗Kicker一起到野外的露营、滑雪等的经历，在这些历险过程中，小狗逐渐长大，学会了很多技能，作者和小狗之间的关系也变得更加亲密。 1．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段“At first, Kicker would just stay nestled (依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger...”可知，刚开始的时候，小狗又小又弱。故选B项。 2．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者带着Kicker一起历险，相处融洽，Kicker吐在垫子上这件事只是一个小插曲，说明作者养狗的过程也不是十分轻松愉快。故选B项。 3．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。根据第四段第一、二句“我从小就梦想着去阿拉斯加旅游，所以能够与Kicker分享那次旅行感觉不可思议。关于共同的经历，以及它们如何帮助建立牢固的纽带，有一些话要说。”，第一句为本段的主旨句，整个段落围绕该主旨句讲述作者和小狗一起经历的乐趣。故选D项。 4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段以及最后一段可知，本文描述了作者带着Kicker一起在户外的各种经历，Kicker逐渐长大，学会了多种技能，作者和Kicker之间的关系变得愈加亲密，共同的冒险使一人一狗联系在了一起，故选A项。 B [2024·安徽省十校联盟摸底考]In today's digital age when you can get information quickly, there is a concern about children developing an appreciation for reading printed books. That's why communities in Australia have come up with a way to convey a love of books in the younger generations. To solve this problem, communities are bringing libraries to where the kids are: in the streets. The little libraries consist of boxes that are set up outside of houses or public spaces and are filled with books. People can take books they haven't read and donate ones they have to the libraries. Street Library Australia, a nonprofit, was started by Nick Lowe after he saw a Little Free Library on a trip to the USA. After an initial workshop in 2015 to build 30 libraries, the idea mushroomed and now there are 4，500 registered street libraries in Australia. “It just grew and grew，” he said. The libraries come in all shapes and sizes. These libraries are completely voluntary and anyone can start one. Pamela Zielke, who runs a library called Pam's Pantry, gives out toys and craft supplies along with books. An early childhood educator, she started her library with the goal of rescuing books from dustbins. But the libraries are doing much more than just providing books and other donated items to people. The street libraries are also building community. “It's a little stopping place outside your house，” said Lowe. “It's a great way to meet people in your neighborhood who are also book lovers, recycle books, and find new books.” These Little Street Libraries provided a valuable service during the outbreak of COVID19 and the popularity has not waned. People use them to find books on specific hobbies like cooking, children are developing a love of reading books, and it is more convenient than going to a bookstore or a brickandmortar library. But even more importantly, with a shared interest, the libraries are bringing communities closer together. 5．What might make people in Australia worried nowadays? A．The popularity of digital books. B．The poor service of community education. C．The shortage of the street libraries. D．Children losing interest in printed books. 6．What do we know about Nick Lowe? A．He must be a citizen of the USA. B.He was inspired by a trip to the United States. C．He has set up a total of 30 street libraries in Australia. D．He made a fortune through Street Library Australia. 7．What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Pamela Zielke? A．We should do all we can to support street libraries. B．Many more street libraries will be set up in Australia. C．Anyone can follow her example and start a street library. D．It is of great benefit to run a street library in your neighborhood. 8．What does the underlined word “waned” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Turned weaker. B．Become different. C．Spread widely. D．Won recognition. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。为了在数字时代传播对书籍的热爱，澳大利亚街头建了很多图书馆。 5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段“there is a concern about children developing an appreciation for reading printed books.”可知，如今令澳大利亚人感到担忧的是孩子们对印刷的书籍失去兴趣。 6．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段“Street Library...was started by Nick Lowe after he saw a Little Free Library on a trip to the USA.”可推知，Nick Lowe从美国的一次旅行中获得灵感，创办了街头图书馆。 7．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段“anyone can start one”可知，第五段提出Pamela Zielke经营着一家名为Pam's Pantry的图书馆，是为了佐证第四段提到的“任何人都可以以她为榜样，建立图书馆”这个观点。 8．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容“...children are developing a love of reading books, and it is more convenient than going to a bookstore ...”可知，街头图书馆受欢迎程度没有减弱。故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·江苏省苏州市期中调研] Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. __1__ Almost 100 pureelectric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024.Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. __2__ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200，000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41，000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around $30，000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7，500. __3__ A typical EV owner spends between $6，000 and $10，000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don't have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22，000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023.But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. __4__ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gaspowered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. __5__ BMW makes a fastcharging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A．They'll have options. B．But electric cars are nothing new. C．Then there are the longterm savings. D．Charging technology is also improving. E．Some EVs are still eyewateringly expensive. F．The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G．It takes longer, but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当今电动汽车的现状，以及未来的发展趋势。 1．答案与解析：A　根据上文“在美国，有大约三分之一司机的下一辆汽车会选择电动车”和下文“到2024年末，有将近100辆纯电动汽车进入市场”可知，选项承接上文，说明消费者面临的选择更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A选项“因此他们会有更多的选择”切题。 2．答案与解析：E　根据下文“特斯拉即将推出的新款Roadster起价为20万美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的车型为4.1万美元”可知，选项承接下文说明现在的电动车价格都很贵。E选项“一些电动汽车仍然昂贵得令人瞠目结舌”，和下文呼应，符合语境。 3．答案与解析：C　根据下文“一个普通的电动汽车车主在汽车维护上的花费比普通汽车车主少6 000到10 000美元”可知，将电动车主和传统车主花费的钱对比，凸显电动汽车花费的少。故C选项“而且还能长期的省钱”呼应下文，符合语境。 4．答案与解析：G　根据上文“对大多数电动车车主来说，在家充电会是一个好办法”可知，选项这里要介绍在家充电的好处，故G选项“这会花更多的时间，但是你可以在电费最便宜的时候充一整晚”符合语境。 5．答案与解析：D　根据上文“电动汽车的平均充电里程约为250英里，远低于大多数汽油动力汽车在油箱加满后的行驶里程。但电动汽车正在迎头赶上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里”可知，选项承接上文说明技术在不断进步。故D选项“充电技术还在不断创新”符合语境，且呼应下文BMW公司对于充电方面所付出的努力和创新。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [2023·全国甲卷]For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)1.________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the wellknown Aesop's fables date to the 2.________ (six) century B．C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”． Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4.________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful coexistence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 5.________ (borrow) some familiar words from many ageold fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6.________ (intend) for everyone. 7．________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.________ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.________ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 1．答案与解析：to teach　考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 2．答案与解析：sixth　考查序数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century “世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 3．答案与解析：as　考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 4．答案与解析：where　考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5．答案与解析：borrowing　考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 6．答案与解析：intended　考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，向每个人传达了重要的信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 7．答案与解析：Different　考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 8．答案与解析：for　考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 9．答案与解析：warning　考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 10．答案与解析：be employed　考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文学形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple literary form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 3 The art of painting 单元词汇 一、写作词汇 1.wander through the Impressionist gallery漫步印象派画廊 2.during the past decade在过去的十年里 3.a fish pond 养鱼池 4.like-minded people 志同道合的人 5.a vivid description生动的描写 6.the loss of her vision她的失明 7.on display在展示；在展览 8.under the shade of a tree在树的阴影下 9.bathe the wound 清洗伤口 10.a weekly wage of ￡200 周薪200英镑 11.conduct a campaign领导一项运动 12.harvest crops by hand人工收割庄稼 13.go sailing on the lake 泛舟湖上 14.show an enormous amount of detail展示大量的细节 15.the high cost of food and clothing 衣食的昂贵费用 16.soldiers on duty 值勤的士兵 17.show outstanding talent 展示出杰出的才能 18.rare animals 稀有动物 19.the secret to a good career一个好的职业的秘诀 20.strike vt.& vi.（struck，struck）突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划（火柴） n.罢工；袭击；击，打 ①be struck by a car被车撞了 ②be deeply struck by my introduction被我的介绍深深地打动了 ③the clock struck nine钟敲响9时 ④strike a match 划着一根火柴 21.decline n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 ①decline to be interviewed on tape谢绝录音采访 ②urban/economic decline 城市衰落/经济衰退 ③a sharp decline急剧下降 22.worthy adj.值得（或应得）……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 A self-study room is worthy to be set up/of setting up， for it’s really convenient for us to do some group projects and share our thoughts there. （邀请信） 自习室是值得建立的，因为在那里做一些团体项目和分享想法对我们来说很方便。 23.bathe vt.以（光线）洒满，覆盖，使沐浴（在光线里）；用水清洗 Bathed in the sunshine，we jumped and cheered with joy. （环境描写） 沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴地又跳又叫。 24.wind vi.& vt.（wound，wound）蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 The stream winds its way across the field. （环境描写） 那条小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野。 二、阅读词汇 1.brushwork n.（画家的）笔触，画法 2.essence n.本质，精髓；香精，精油 3.architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学 4.raw adj.未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的 5.insight n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 6.calling n.职业，事业；使命感 7.toast n.吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt.为……干杯；烤；取暖 8.garlic n.蒜，大蒜 9.mushroom n.蘑菇 10.civilian n.平民，老百姓，庶民 11.butcher n.肉贩，屠夫 12.temple n.庙宇，寺院 13.structure n.建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织 14.overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上 15.crisis n.（pl.crises） 危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 16.overthrow vt.（overthrew，overthrown）推翻，打倒 n.推翻，打倒 17.emperor n.皇帝 18.[人教选必三UNIT 1]What is Western art？It is hard to give a precise definition. adj.准确的，精确的 19.[外研必修二UNIT 5]We spent the whole day hiking and I even saw some huge yaks！The landscape is so beautiful！ n.乡村风景画；风景，景色 20.[北师大选必二UNIT 6]All can work well，but why do many adaptations and indeed remakes fail both cinema audiences and critics？ n.批评家，评论家 三、派生词汇 1.most adj.最大的，最多的pron.大多数，大部分→mostly adv.主要地，一般地 2.neighbour n.邻居；邻近的人（物）；邻国→neighbourhood n.街区，城区；邻近的地方 3.set vt.放，搁置；使（小说、剧本、电影、场景）发生于；以某地为背景→setting n.环境，背景；情节背景 4.liberation n.解放，摆脱→liberate vt.解放，使自由，摆脱 5.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与（某人）较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n.反对；对立 6.dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要（或明显）的特色；支配；控制；占有优势；俯视→domination n.支配，控制→dominant adj.占支配地位的 7.employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员→employment n.雇用；就业→unemployment n.失业；失业率 8.real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上→reality n.现实；实际情况；实际经历；事实→realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 9.arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n.布置；整理；筹备；安排 10.apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然→apparently adv.显然地 11.ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n.野心，雄心；抱负 12.comprehend v.理解，包含→comprehension n.理解，概括，综合→comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 13.inspection n.检查，查看，审视；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅 vi.进行检查；进行视察 14.expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→exposure n.暴露；揭发；接触→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 15.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→politician n.政治家；政客 16.exhibition n.展览，展出→exhibit v.展览，展出 n.展览品，陈列品 17.history n.历史学；历史→historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→historical adj.历史的；具有历史意义的 短语词块 1.as opposed to（表示对比）而，相对于 2.all walks of life各行各业，社会各界 3.go about sth忙于做某事，继续做某事 4.be down to由……引起（或造成） 5.in one’s own right凭自身的资格（或努力） 6.speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明 7.look forward to期望……，盼望…… 8.be housed in被安置在…… 9.prepare sb for ...使某人为……做好准备 10.lay eyes on看到……，看见…… 11.pick ...out of ...从……中选出…… 12.make/leave an impression on sb给某人留下印象 13.be struck by被……打动，迷恋…… 14.lose control of失去对……的控制 15.a wide range of大范围的；各种不同的 16.in decline下降；在衰退中 17.seek liberation from寻求从……中解放出来 18.from an entirely new point of view从一个全新的角度 19.the landscape of the Great Wall长城的景色 20.a national gallery一个国家展览馆 21.in a busy neighbourhood在一个繁忙的街区 22.burn with vivid colours and light 迸发鲜艳的颜色和光线 23.an important insight into深入了解 24.free brushwork自由的笔触 教材句式 1.句式：as引导时间状语从句 原句：As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery， I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players. 当我漫步在印象派画廊时，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 2.句式：even though引导让步状语从句 原句：Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. 尽管我在电脑屏幕上欣赏过它们数百次，但当我终于亲眼见到实物时，还是觉得猝不及防，惊叹不已。 3.句式：every time引导时间状语从句 原句：It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 4.句式：强调句 原句：Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay ... 尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 5.句式：过去分词短语作后置定语 原句：It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing （present-day Kaifeng），the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. 人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京（今开封），即北宋的都城。 6.句式：not only ...but also ... 原句：Its value is down not only to its great scale，artistic quality and attention to detail，but also to its representation of daily life. 它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，而且还在于对日常生活的展现。 专项练习 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·广东省湛江市高三一模]By the time I took Kicker home, I was living in a van (旅居房车), so he was thrown into van life from day one. At this point, I knew how to make him an outgoing and adaptable dog, and my life was far more adventurous than it had been... Right out of the gate, I took him to ski touring, which is a lot like crosscountry skiing but in wilder terrain. At first, Kicker would just stay nestled (依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again. We also went on some winter camping adventures in the high peaks of the Uinta Mountains, and we tried snow kiting. He ran around while I skied. He learned to speedfly and kiteboard. One time he vomited (呕吐) all over the new cushions on my bed. Boy, did that stay smelly for days! Still, living in a van with a dog was great. With each new day, he got stronger and more independent. I had dreamed of visiting Alaska since I was a child, so being able to share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. There's something to be said about shared experiences and how they help develop a strong bond. Together we kayaked, snowmobiled, and even ended up exploring deep blue ice caves in Worthington Glacier. Kicker learned to come snowboarding with me in the mountains of Alaska. He would hike part of the way, and I would carry him the rest. I would always let him run next to me as I boarded, but I usually ended up putting him on my shoulders for the rest of the ride down—he had grown far too big to fit in my jacket. Having a dog has been one of the most rewarding things in my life. For me, it's about the time spent together exploring, sharing experiences, working through challenging situations, snuggling, and ultimately taking care of one another. 1．What was Kicker like when he was first taken home by the author? A．Sick and pitiful. B．Small and weak. C．Happy and active. D．Outgoing and adventurous. 2．Why was the incident of Kicker's vomiting mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To illustrate how hard life is in a van. B．To indicate that raising Kicker was not all roses. C．To show the importance of taking good care of a pet. D．To warn us of the trouble a pet can bring to us on a trip. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．What tricks Kicker learned in Alaska. B．What great experiences the author had. C．How the author realized his childhood dream. D．How much the author enjoyed Kicker's company. 4．What is special about the author's relationship with Kicker? A．They bond through shared adventures. B．They help each other to become stronger. C．They bond through giving each other rewards. D．They depend on each other in life's hardest times. B [2024·安徽省十校联盟摸底考]In today's digital age when you can get information quickly, there is a concern about children developing an appreciation for reading printed books. That's why communities in Australia have come up with a way to convey a love of books in the younger generations. To solve this problem, communities are bringing libraries to where the kids are: in the streets. The little libraries consist of boxes that are set up outside of houses or public spaces and are filled with books. People can take books they haven't read and donate ones they have to the libraries. Street Library Australia, a nonprofit, was started by Nick Lowe after he saw a Little Free Library on a trip to the USA. After an initial workshop in 2015 to build 30 libraries, the idea mushroomed and now there are 4，500 registered street libraries in Australia. “It just grew and grew，” he said. The libraries come in all shapes and sizes. These libraries are completely voluntary and anyone can start one. Pamela Zielke, who runs a library called Pam's Pantry, gives out toys and craft supplies along with books. An early childhood educator, she started her library with the goal of rescuing books from dustbins. But the libraries are doing much more than just providing books and other donated items to people. The street libraries are also building community. “It's a little stopping place outside your house，” said Lowe. “It's a great way to meet people in your neighborhood who are also book lovers, recycle books, and find new books.” These Little Street Libraries provided a valuable service during the outbreak of COVID19 and the popularity has not waned. People use them to find books on specific hobbies like cooking, children are developing a love of reading books, and it is more convenient than going to a bookstore or a brickandmortar library. But even more importantly, with a shared interest, the libraries are bringing communities closer together. 5．What might make people in Australia worried nowadays? A．The popularity of digital books. B．The poor service of community education. C．The shortage of the street libraries. D．Children losing interest in printed books. 6．What do we know about Nick Lowe? A．He must be a citizen of the USA. B.He was inspired by a trip to the United States. C．He has set up a total of 30 street libraries in Australia. D．He made a fortune through Street Library Australia. 7．What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Pamela Zielke? A．We should do all we can to support street libraries. B．Many more street libraries will be set up in Australia. C．Anyone can follow her example and start a street library. D．It is of great benefit to run a street library in your neighborhood. 8．What does the underlined word “waned” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Turned weaker. B．Become different. C．Spread widely. D．Won recognition. Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·江苏省苏州市期中调研] Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. __1__ Almost 100 pureelectric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024.Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. __2__ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200，000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41，000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around $30，000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7，500. __3__ A typical EV owner spends between $6，000 and $10，000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don't have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22，000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023.But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. __4__ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gaspowered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. __5__ BMW makes a fastcharging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A．They'll have options. B．But electric cars are nothing new. C．Then there are the longterm savings. D．Charging technology is also improving. E．Some EVs are still eyewateringly expensive. F．The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G．It takes longer, but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. Ⅲ.语法填空 [2023·全国甲卷]For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)1.________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the wellknown Aesop's fables date to the 2.________ (six) century B．C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”． Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4.________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful coexistence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 5.________ (borrow) some familiar words from many ageold fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6.________ (intend) for everyone. 7．________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.________ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.________ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$