上海市南汇中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷

上海南汇中学2024学年第一学期12月阶段练习第1页共9页 高一英语 满分：100分 考试时间：90分钟 第I卷 I. Listening Comprehension (19%) Section A(10%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper; and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A.$7.5 B.$ 15. C.$ 30. D.$45. 2. A.A cashier. B.A waiter. C.A conductor. D.A policeman. 3. A. Bargain with the man B. Look for another apartment. C. Sign a rental contract. D. Make an inquiry downtown. 4. A. Because she has got a better offer. B. Because she wants to be with her family. C. Because she is dissatisfied with her position. D. Because she can't accept business trips abroad. 5. A. The woman is stuck in traffic. B. The woman injures her neck. C. The woman's car broke down: D. The man is waiting for the woman. 6. A. She will go camping with her family. B. She can take a sleeping bag for the man. C. There is no need to bring a sleeping bag. D. She will reschedule the time of camping. 7. A. The food served today is quite rare. B. He is sensitive to the food in the cafeteria. C. The dishes in the cafeteria usually lack variety. D. The cafeteria doesn't live up to his expectation. 8. A. To promote his image. B. To search for real antiques. C. To renovate the house. D. To dispose of the old furniture. 9. A. The performance of Bob. B. Information about the candidates. C. The decisions on the vote. D. The chairman of the student union. 10. A. The man is famous for some of his paintings. B. The gallery offers chances to top art students. C. The woman helps to exhibit the man's paintings.第2页共9页 D. All the art students can apply for an exhibition in the gallery. Section B(9%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.A driver's carelessness. B. Partricia's dangerous driving. C.A motorist's distracted driving. D. Her daughter's running a stop light. 12. A.A large audience fought for laws with Partricia. B. Partricia was nervous when she began her speech. C. The patricia's first speech led to the restrictions on cell phone use. D. Partricia became a professional speaker after the speech. 13. A. Partricia Pania's personal tragedy. B. The transformation of Partricia Pania. C. Partricia Pania's life as a national public figure. D. Partricia Pania's efforts to restrict cell phone use. Qurestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Highlighting impacts. B. Reaching an agreement. C. Having solid evidence. D. Expressing problems with “T'. 15. A. By staying calm. B. By letting go of our ego. C. By admitting anxiety to friends. D. By not focusing on the need to be proved right. 16. A. Because it may complicate problems. B. Because it may lead to potential conflicts. C. Because it can offend the person we talk to. D. Because it can impact the flexibility to follow discussion. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 II. Grammar and vocabulary (20%)第3页共9页 Section A(10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank. You might have heard about integrity al your life, but have you ever wondered what it truly means? From your employers to politicians, it is being used by everyone. Although the word is overused many times,(17) really matters is being integral in life and maximizing that trait because it affects everything in life. Once we master integrity, our lives actually start flourishing. We make many important decisions in life but sometimes, our lives are actually impacted by the more minor decisions(18) almost seem insignificant. Trust me, these small actions can greatly impact our self-respect, integrity, and overall reputation! In a world (19)_____ (dominate) by people who make headlines for all the wrong reasons, finding people who actually do the right thing and contribute to society can be extremely rare. What is the meaning of integrity, since you have heard it so many times? Integrity means (20)___ (live) your life according to your own morals and ethics.(21) (have) integrity, you must have a clear sense of what is right and wrong. Alongside that, you (22)____ also know what the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do You must stop panicking about what I just told you, and I'm not telling you to find the meaning of your life right away. Just develop it as an afterthought. To start having integrity, you must first define the morals that seem (23) (important) ones to you. Then you need to decide what you want to achieve. When you start defining your morals and ethics, it won't. be long(24) you will start actually following them in life. Once you start doing that, that is integrity! There are some important things that you should know about integrity. This isn't(25) _____that you are born with. It is a personality trait that you develop with time. Certain experiences in our life shape our morals and ethics, and integrity is definitely like that. Integrity isn't what you develop and keep forever. It(26) (use) in decision-making or when you plan to start something new in your life! Section B (10%) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box .Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultural B. extremely C. unfortunately D. deserved E. occasion F. difference G. established H. capable I. regard J. complicated K. assuming A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure《国家宝藏》made its first show on CCTV on Sunday night, a(n)27 that was definitely anticipated with great excitement. In the first episode, the Palace Museum in Beijing showcased three treasures in detail, which was 28 ____of enriching one's understanding of history. As a 29 ___variety show, National Treasure aims to introduce the background stories of national 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 treasures and various art forms. In the show, "national treasure keepers" will present treasures, telling their stories with the collections and interpreting historical mystery that can be quite 30 . The show aims to inspire the ancient Chinese civilization and make the national treasures "come alive".第4页共9页 This is not the first time the Palace Museum in Beijing to be 31 welcomed online in China, thanks to its efforts in cultural products and self-promotion in recent years. Last year, the museum drew much attention because of the success of the TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City. Over the last few years, the museum has 32 signposts and provided 1,400 new chairs, 33 a role in enhancing the visitor experience. Besides, the Palace Museum opened an official online store on Taobao, selling related products. It also started their self-promotion through new media, publishing articles to promote the culture of the museum. It swept the Internet by its interesting content, a strategy that definitely 34 praise. Moreover, the Palace Museum paid 35, to the mobile client, having published several apps, one of which saw over 200,000 downloads. The museum is also a popular attraction among foreign leaders. For example, US President Donald Trump and his wife ever visited the Palace Museum, which actually made a36____ to China-US relations. This visit underscores the museum's role as a cultural ambassador. III. Reading Comprehension (35%) Section A(15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Common dietary advice encourages us to eat whole food and avoid processed ones. But there is no clear understanding of what makes a food ultra-processed or how these foods affect our health. Broadly labelling ultra-processed foods as bad could not only lead us to 37 other potential factors contributing to obesity, but may create a new set of unconscious health consequences. For decades, public health experts have raised the alarm about ultra-processed foods, blaming them for 38 increases in obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Already, two countries-Canada and Brazil have advice on 39 ultra-processed foods in their national dietary guidelines. More countries, including the US and Australia, are debating whether to 40 their practice. However, there are too many unknowns to justify such sweeping41____, according to nutrition researchers at a conference hosted by the American Society for Nutrition in Boston on 23 July. Although it is often repeated that ultra-processed foods are bad for us, there is no universal 42 of such products. The most widely used description is based on the NOVA food classification system, which says a food is ultra-processed if it uses 43___,often derived from other foods, to "imitate or enhance the sensory qualities of foods or to disguise unpalatable （难吃的） aspects of the final product＂. NOVA also states that "a multitude of sequences or44 is used to combine the usually many ingredients" and these processes can't be done at home. This definition is 45 and unclear, says Lauren O'Connor at the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), who participated in the panel. As such, it can be difficult to 46 foods according to the NOVA 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 system. What's more, it is hard to be sure how-or if-ultra-processed foods are harmful to health.第5页共9页 Mixing foods together like this also make people 47 to capture the small impacts some of them have on health. Research shows that foods often categorized as ultra-processed ones can contribute key 48 to people's diets. Earlier this year, O'Connor and her colleagues showed that, of 1,140 children aged between 6 and 23 months old in the US, 75 per cent of their iron intake and 48 per cent of their zinc intake, on average, came from foods considered ultra-processed by NOVA. "One of the biggest49 of some ultra-processed foods is strengthening micronutrients," says O'Connor. This means blanket guidance to avoid ultra-processed foods could lead to nutrient 50 and that ultra-processed food can form part of a healthy diet. "There is still a lot that we don't know about ultra-processed foods," says O'Connor.“We have to be really51 of that because we don't want to look down upon any foods." 37. A. criticize B. analyze C. consider D. overlook 38. A. global B. national C. obvious D. various 39. A. adding B. avoiding C. banning D. improving 40. A. follow B. update C. assess D. release 41. A. campaigns B. commands C. regulations D. recommendations 42. A. announcement B. acknowledgement C. definition D. recognition 43. A. elements B. substances C. materials D. ingredients 44. A. arrangements B. criteria C. processes D. standards 45.A. scientific B. broad C. comprehensive D. elaborate 46. A. classify B. purchase C. prepare D. store 47. A. attempt B. fail C. prefer D. strive 48. A. appetites B. components C. nutrients D. varieties 49. A. awards B. benefits C. concerns D. harvests .50. A. absorption B. deficiencies C. intake D. supplies 51.A. ashamed B. confident C. mindful D. tolerant Section B (16%) Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Last semester in my creative writing class, I asked 18 high school students if one of them would share something they'd written. After several minutes' deadly silence, from her seat in the corner, a quiet senior, who usually hid behind a curtain of lovely hair, raised her hand and said, "I'll read mine." As we sat in the sleepy, airless room, the girl's essay woke us up. She described the colour of white light, 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 then a dirty street, then a personal encounter. Every word mattered. Though her voice was soft, I could feel her words striking my insides like a第6页共9页 From their-facial expressions, I could tell the other students were as surprised as I was. When the girl finished, she looked up at us, her eyes worried. But no one could speak. Envy had made us speechless. One critic once called envy in his book, the hardest thing to acknowledge. Indeed, I don't like talking about my own envy. I am ashamed of the ill will I occasionally bear towards women who enjoy what I don't (shining fingernails, spring vacations...). However, Aristotle referred to envy as the closet cousin of imitation. The good nature of imitation allows us to turn our distress into a pursuit of greatness. In practical terms, that means reading is an essential part of my writing process, Td drag myself out of my predictable tendencies, I pick a volume of something so good that it stimulates me to become unstuck. With any project I undertake, I try to break up my time at the keyboard with time in a soft chair, consuming the words of others without allowing my envy of them to turn me to stone. That day in my creative writing class after the silence following the student's reading, there were a few "wows". Then someone said, "I hate you! How can it be so good?" Just as the girl made herself an easy target in sharing this intense, artful essay, the rest of my students also took risks·in exposing their admiration. And everyone's work grew from the experience. At the very heart of envy is desire-a force that ought to be at the heart of every human moment, ugly and beautiful, and that we attempt to set down in words. $2. In paragraph 2. why are the girl's words described as "striking my insides like a hammer"? A. To highlight how brave the girl was. B. To stress how impressive the girl's essay was. C. To develop a contrast against the silence of the class. D. To show the author's disappointment with the girl's story. 53. The critic mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 4 is most likely to agree that A. women bear more ill will than men B. imitation drives people into distress C. people are reluctant to admit their envy D. envy keeps writers stuck in their own style 54.In paragraph 4, "time in a soft chair" refers to the time the author spends in A. waiting B. writing C. reading D. resting 55. According to the author, envy is something . A. that can be inspiring B. that we should be ashamed of C. that we need to overcome D. that results from imitation 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 (B)第7页共9页 As a student absorbed in the study of chemistry, William Perkin succeeded in entering Royal College of Chemistry in 1853, at the age of 15.At the time of Perkin's enrolment, the college was headed by the famous German chemist August Hofmann. Perkin's scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann's attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann's youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune. During his vacation in 1856,Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the top floor of his family's house, attempting to produce quinine, the only practical medical treatment for malaria at that time. Despite his best efforts， however， he did not end up with quinine. Instead，bm produced a mysterious dark sludge （淤渣）.Luckily，Perkin＇s scientific training and nature inspired him to investigate the substance further and he finally produced a deep purple solution, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected finding. Historically，textile dyes （纺织染料）were made from such natural sources as plants and animals. The purple colour obtained from a snail was once so expensive that in society at the time only the rich could afford it. It was against this backdrop that Perkin's discovery was made. Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour cloth, thus making it the world's first man-made dye. Realizing the importance of this breakthrough， he lost no time in patenting（申请专利）it. He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar，who assured him that producing the dye would pay off if the colour would not disappear gradually and the cost was relatively low. So, in spite of the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, whom the new colour amazed. ·Although Perkin's fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Artificial dyes continue to play a critical role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria. 56. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Hofmann? A.He failed to produce the drug against malaria. B.He appreciated Perkin's talent as a young chemist. C.Perkin's achievement made him rich and famous. D.His presence contributed a lot to Perkin's enrolment. 57. Regarding Perkin's deep purple solution, it can be inferred that A.it was too expensive to be afforded by ordinary people B.it was the only solution to an infectious disease at that time C.people had no access to purple before its intention by Perkin D.Perkin couldn't have achieved it without experience at college 58. The underlined word "backdrop" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to A.backup B.downfall C.challenge 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 D.background第8页共9页 59. What is the best title for the passage? A.William Petkin, the pioneer of artificial dyes B.William Perkin, the talent in fashion design C. Willam Perkin, the fighter against malaria D.William Perkin, the father of modern chemistry Section C(4%) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.What happened in Singapore now appears to be happening all over the world. B.Every year of education completed increases the expected amount of short-sightedness. C.After all, when someone struggles to see things at a distance, we have a proven fix: glasses. D.But there was a less positive trend, too: more and more children were becoming short-sighted. E The earlier a child develops myopia, the more likely it is that they will have severe myopia in adulthood. F.We can expect myopia rates to continue to climb because countries like India are getting more kids into school. Soaring Rates of Short-sightedness in Children are Alarming In the late 1980s and 1990s,parents in Singapore began noticing a worrying change in their children. On the whole, people's lives in the small, tropical nation were improving hugely at the time. Access to education, in particular, was transforming a generation and opening the gates to prosperity.60_______ Nobody was able to stop this national eyesight crisis. Rates of short-sightedness-also known as near-sightedness or myopia continued to rise and rise. Today, Singapore has a myopia rate of around 80% in young adults, and has been called "the myopia capital of the world". "We've been dealing with this issue for 20 years, so we're almost numb to it," says Audrey Chia, an associate professor and senior consultant at the Singapore National Eye Center (SNEC).“Almost everybody in Singapore is myopic now." 61 Countries with seemingly completely different lifestyles are unified by a startling phenomenon: rocketing rates of short-sightedness. At first glance, the idea of a short-sighted, world may not seem like a major problem. 62. But researchers warn that myopia should not be dismissed as harmless. It is one of the leading causes of vision impairment and blindness, for example. And in children, where it may take some time to spot the problem and correct it, it can hurt their ability to learn in school and enjoy daily life- and set them up for future eye health problems. To make matters worse, while the typical age for a child to develop myopia is between eight and 12years old, children are becoming myopic at a younger age.63 It can ultimately threaten their eyesight, by causing problems related to different parts of the eye. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第II卷第9页 共9页 IV. Blank Filling(5%) Directions: Complete the following sentences with the given phrases in their proper forms. Each phrase can only be used once. ·be beneficial to ·to one's credit ·consist of ·be convinced of ·bring about 64. The invention of the Internet a revolution in communication since 1969 65. .Peter never told anyone exactly what had happened and always kept a secret. 66. The recipe a variety of spices, which gives the dish its unique flavour. 67. The new recycling program, designed to reduce waste and improve the local environment, the community in 10 years 68. After hours of discussion, she the merits of the new proposal by her colleagues and decided to put it in practice. V.Translation (13%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 69．尽管天气很糟，她最终还是去参加聚会了。（Despite） 70．说到商业，公司必须做出改变才能在激烈的竞争中存活下来。（When） 71．这篇文章值得阅读，因为它给读者提供了很多与国内经济有关的信息。（worth） 72．在毕业典礼上，参加演出的同学不仅克服了挑战，还展现了他们的勇气和自信。（demonstrate） VI.Guided writing (8%) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 73．学校每月会开展“校园清洁日（Campus Clean-up Day）”活动，人人打扫、动手实践，用劳动清洁校园，创建优美绿色校园。请你写一篇作文阐明对学校组织该活动的看法及理由。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$