2024年中考英语复习第三讲 一般过去时

一般过去时 一、定义 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 二、基本用法 用法 示例 表示过去发生的动作或状态 My family had a picnic in the park last weekend. 我们全家人上周末在公园有个野炊。 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或状态 When she was young, she usually went to the library to read books. 当她小的时候，她经常去图书馆读书。 表示过去的情况或状态 There was a small pound in the school before. 之前学校这里有个小池塘。 三、判断标志 1. 与ago连用的时间状语 a moment ago, two minutes ago, six months ago, one week ago… 等 We were primary students 5 years ago. 五年前我们是小学生。 2. 与last 连用的时间状语 last week, last year, last month, last day… He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。 3. 与 yesterday 连用的时间状语 yesterday morning, yesterday morning … We weren't late yesterday. 我们昨天没迟到. the day before yesterday 昨天 4. 与 one 连用的时间状语 one morning 某个早上， one evening 某个夜晚 5. 与that连用的时间状语 that day, that morning, that year… 6. 其他时间状语 just now 刚刚 in the old days 在过去 in +过去年份: in 2015… at that time在那时 四、一般过去时动词过去式的规则变化 情况 变形 示例 一般情况 加-ed work-worked, listen-listened 以e字母结尾 直接加-d live-lived, receive-received “辅元辅”结构 双写词尾辅音字母加-ed stop-stopped, chat-chatted 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 变y为i 再加-ed study-studied 以元音字母加 y 结尾 直接加-ed enjoy-enjoyed 【注意】辅元辅：以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 重读闭音节三要素： (1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母 (2)以一个辅音音素结尾; (3)元音字母发短元音。 五、一般过去时动词过去式的不规则变化 变化类型 示例 A---A---A型 （现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 read read read 读 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 A---A---B型 beat beat beaten 打 A---B---A型 come came come 来、become became become 变、run ran run 跑 A ---B ---B型 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt学习 build built built 建筑 lose lost lost 失去 lend lent lent 借给 spend spent spent 花费 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 catch caught caught 抓住 feel felt felt 觉得 find found found 发现 have had had 有 get got got 得到 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 teach taught taught 教 sit sat sat 坐 fly flew flown 飞 A---B---C型 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 give gave given 给 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 steal stole stolen 偷 drink drank drunk 饮 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 其他不规则动词的变化 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 go went gone 去 do did done 做 wear wore worn 穿 【练习1】写出下列动词的过去式形式 1. go _________    enjoy _________ 2. buy _________   eat _________ 3. get _________   walk _________ 4. take _________   dance _________ 5. write _________   run _________ 6. swim _________   find _________ 7. begin _________   are _________ 8. play _________   study _________ 【练习2】 ( ) 9. The teacher ________ the blackboard yesterday. He used a computer. A. used not B. didn’t use B. does not use D. use ( ) 10. ________ you ________ in the library this morning? A. Do; studied B. Did; studied B. Did; study D. Do; study ( ) 11. The students ________ to have a party. They did it last week. A.planed B. planned C.plan D. have planned 六、句式构成 · 含有be动词的一般过去时的主结构：主语+was/were+表语 1、肯定句：主语+was/were+表语。 I was an English teacher one year ago.一年前我是一名英语老师。 2、否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语。 I wasn't an English teacher one year ago.一年前我不是一名英语老师。 【练习3】She was a students in 2020. （改为否定句） ________________________________ 3、一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语。 Were you an English teacher one year ago?一年前你是一名英语老师吗? 【练习4】She was a students in 2020. （改为一般疑问句） ________________________________ 4、特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其它? What were you one year ago?一年前你是做什么的? 【练习5】 She was a students in 2020. （对划线部分提问） _________________________________ She was a students in 2020. （对划线部分提问） _________________________________ 【注意】 ①主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，用_____,其它人称一律用were. ②变成否定句时，只需在was/were后直接加_____ 就行了。 ③变成一般疑问句时，只需把was/were提到_____ 前面即可。 ④变成特殊疑问句时，一般是特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，如果特殊疑问词是who，不用改变原句的语序。 His father was very busy last week.→_____ _____ his father last week? (先选特殊疑问词how,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把His father was last week变成was his father last week) His father was very busy last week.(画线提问)→_____ _____ very busy week? (只需用特殊疑问词who替换掉原句中的主语his father即可，不必考虑其它方面。) · 含有实义动词(行为动词)的一般过去时的主结构：主语+动词的过去时+其它 1、肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。 I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。 2. 否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其他【did not 缩写didn't】 I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。 【练习6】Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.(改为否定句) ____________________________________________ 3.一般疑问句：Did+主要+动词原形+其他? Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon?昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗? 【练习7】Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.(改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________ 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+did+主要+动词原形+其他? When did you buy a yellow dress?你什么时候买了一条黄裙子? 【练习8】 Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.(针对划线部分提问) ____________________________________________ Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.(针对划线部分提问) ____________________________________________ 【注意】 ①谓语动词为实义动词时，不受主语限制，用对动词的过去时形式就可以。 ②不论主语是什么人称，在变成否定句时，只需在主语与谓语动词之间加上didn’t,并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 ③在变成一般疑问句时，只需在原句前加上助动词did，并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形。 【练习9】 12.He played basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天他在操场上打篮球。(变成否定句) _______________________________________________ 13.He played basketball on the playground yesterday.(变成一般疑问句)  _______________________________________________ 14.He played basketball on the playground yesterday. (画线提问) _______________________________________________ 15.He played basketball on the playground yesterday. (画线提问) _______________________________________________ 16.He played basketball on the playground yesterday. (画线提问) _______________________________________________ 17.He played basketball on the playground yesterday. (画线提问) _______________________________________________ 18.He played basketball on the playground yesterday. (画线提问) _______________________________________________ 作业 一、用动词的适当形式填空。 1. The doctor _________ (get) up late this morning. 2. My mother _________ (be) a worker 20 years ago. 3. She _________ (paint) the wall last month. 4. —_________ (be) you here just now? — No, I _________ (be not) here. 5. Why_________ your brother _________ (cry) last night? 6. Yesterday _________ (be) my mother’s birthday. 7. There _________ (be) a shop not long ago. 8. When I was young, I _________ (play) games with my friends. 2、 单项选择 9. ( ) Lily ________ to the beach with Professor Green. They had a swim there. A. goed B. goes C. went D. go 10. ( ) — ________ the teacher________ at this college last year. — Yes, he did. A. Did; teach B. Does; teach C. Did; taught D. Does; teached 11. ( ) — ________ there many trees on the campus? — No, but now we have many everywhere. A．Had B．Were C．Did have D．Are 12. ( ) I like English food now. But I ________ it very much three year ago. A．didn’t liked B．didn’t like C．don’t like D．doesn’t like 13. ( ) — Did you________ the picnic yesterday. — Yes, we________ it very much. A．enjoy; enjoy B．enjoyed; enjoyed C．enjoy; enjoyed D．enjoy; enjoy 14. ( ) My father________ ill yesterday. A．isn’t B．aren’t C． wasn’t D． weren’t 15. ( ) Did you________ to the national library last week? A．go B．went C．goes D．goed 16.( ) — ________ he ________ his lunch last night? — Yes, he did. A． Does; has B．Did; have C．Did; has D．Does; had 3、 句型转换 17. The children had a good time in the park. （改为否定句） _______________________________________ 18. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.（改为否定句） _______________________________________ 19. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.（变一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） _______________________________________ 20. Last week I read an English book. （变一般疑问句，并作否定回答） _______________________________________ 21. Was your brother in the park just now? （改为肯定句） _______________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$