Unit 1 Art Discover Useful Structures 动词不定式作表语导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

XBook3 Unit1 ART Discovering Useful Structures Lead in Q:Observe the following sentences and answer the questions. 1.As I play games all day, my eyesight gets worse and worse. 2.Subsequently, I become an influential person. 3.What I like is investing. 4.The good news was that she passed the exam. 5.The best way to understand it is to look at the development. 上述句子的句子结构都为： ； 划线部分在句子中充当的句子成分为： 。 Q:Observe the following sentences and answer the questions. 1.His dream is to become a doctor. 2.My duties are to deliver letters. 3.What he wants is to solve the problems. 4.My nest plan is to have a good rest. 5.The best way to understand it is to look at the development. 上述句子的划线部分都为： ； 划线部分在句子中充当的句子成分为： 。 Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, you will be able to: 1.Understand the function and meaning of the infinitive when used as a predicative. 2.Distinguish the difference between -ing form and infinitive constructions. 3.Correctly use the infinitive as a predicative. Step 1 Review：不定式的时态和语态 1.基本形式： to+动词原形 2.其否定形式是: not/never to do. 3.注意：不定式没有人称和数的变化。 类别 主动语态 被动语态 时间 一般式 完成式 进行式 / 完成进行式 / Step 2 Observe and discover 观察所给例句，总结不定式作表语的含义，用法及需要注意的点并完成相应的练习。 PART ONE ①To see you is my plan. (不定式作________ ) ②My plan is to see you. (不定式作________)＝It is my plan to see you.(不定式作________) 结论1： · 动词不定式（短语）作表语，相当于_________作表语。它和主语处在______地位，表示的是______的具体内容，或是主语产生的______。可翻译为：______________。 · ________和_________常常可以交换位置，句子的意义____________。 用法1 · 当主语是 时，常用动词不定式作表语，表示主语的内容。 1.My wish is to have a job in an office. 2.His dream is to become an engineer. · 有时根据表达的需要，可以在不定式前添加疑问代词或副词，what, who,when, where, why, how等, 即“疑问词+to do”相当于一个________从句 ①The problem was how to begin.问题是如何开始。 ②The question is how to get there.问题是如何到达那里。 ③My question is where to find the way to his home.我的问题是去他家的路在哪里。 【即时演练1】 1. My dream is ___________(become) a painter. 2. My suggestion about improving English is ___________ (memorize) words every day. 3. My duty is ____________(help) my students improve their English. 4. My next plan is ____________(take) part in a competition. 5. My ambition is ___________ (work) in the computer industry when I grow up. 用法2 · 以 引导的主语从句，常用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。 ①What I suggest is to ask your friends and teachers for help.我的建议是向你的朋友和老师求助。 ②What he wants is to solve the problem.他想要的是解决这个问题。 ③What matters/counts most is to concentrate on your favourite things. 最重要的是专注于你最喜欢的事情。 用法3 · 当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被______________________或形容词________(the most,the least)修饰时，其后可接“系动词+__________”作句子的表语。 ①All he wanted was to be left alone.他只想一个人待着。 ②Our first assignment was to read two short stories.我们的第一个作业是读两篇短篇小说。 ③The least I can do to help is to lend her a car.至少我能帮上忙的就是借给她一辆车。 需要注意1：前主语有do，后表语省to 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式to 省略，但当前面的主语中有 的某种形式时，作表语的不定式 省略to。 ①What you should do next is (to) help him with his English.接下来你应该做的是帮助他学习英语。 ②The only thing he can do now is (to) give up the plan.他现在唯一能做的就是放弃这个计划。 ③All you need to do is (to) read your book carefully.你所需要做的就是仔细阅读你的书。 【即时演练2】 1. His most exciting invitation was (perform) on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”. 2. The first thing that we should do now is . (learn) 3. The best thing that he did is (face) the difficulty bravely. 4. What I want to do is (work) in the computer industry when I grow up. 5. The most important thing is _______________ (conquer) yourself. 需要注意2：to do和v-ing作表语的区别 · 不定式作表语强调的是一次性、 、 发生的动作； 动名词作表语强调的是习惯性、 、 发生的动作。 ①The man’s job is to paint the wall.这个人的工作是粉刷这些墙。 ②The man’s job is painting walls.这个人的工作是粉刷墙。 ③Her dream is to be an artist.她的梦想是成为一名艺术家。 ④My hobby is painting.我的兴趣爱好是画画 · 主语和表语在形式上最好保持 。 ①To see is to believe. ②Seeing is believing. 【即时演练3】 1. Our work is (serve)the people. 2. My job today is ___________(clean) the classroom. 3. My favorite sport is_____________(swim). 4. There is a famous saying, “To see is___________(believe).”  5. Her best wish is _________(put) her new ideas into practice. PART TWO ①Her job is to look after the children. (不定式作________) =To look after the children is her job.(不定式作________) ②She is to look after the children. (系表结构表________) 结论2： · 句1 动词不定式（短语）作表语，说明主语的具体内容。 · 句2 动词不定式（短语）与be构成_______结构，在句子中充当的句子成分为____________，表示的是目的，结果，安排，命令，劝告，意愿等。 用法1 · 表“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止、预期的结果”等. 【即时演练3】判断下列句式不定式的用法。 1. They are to marry next week. 2. You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. 3. You are to have a face-to-face talk with them. 4. Students are not to use mobile phone in school. 5. We believe humans are to live a better life in the future. 6. What am I to say if they ask me the question? 用法2 · 动词不定式在被动语态中具有情态意义，相当于 ___________________________________。 ①The regulations are __________________. = The regulations must be observed. ②You are _______________. = You should be rewarded. 用法3 · 少数作表语的不定式，需用主动形式表被动：to blame (for), to let, to seek, to do 【即时演练4】 ①You are__________.(blame) 你该受到责备。 ②Who is _____________ the fire? 谁应为这场大火承担责任？ ③The house is _________.(let) 此房出租。 ④A better way is yet _______.(seek) 还得找一种更好的办法。 ⑤A lot remains _______.(do)还有许多事情要做。 Step 3 Summary Step 4 Practice and Apply 1. 单项选择题 1．The main purpose of this activity is ________more people understand the importance of learning Chinese. A．to let B．let C．letting D．lets 4．My dream is ________ an outstanding architect after graduation. A．to becoming B．become C．becoming D．to become 5．The purpose of the program is ________ an open exchange of ideas and information. A．promote B．to promote C．being promoted D．promoted 6．The purpose of the scheme方案 is not to help the employers but ________ work for young people. A．provide B．to provide C．providing D．provided 7．Her wish is ________ a superstar when she grows up. A．become B．became C．becomes D．to become 二．单句语法填空 1.You know，my goal is ________ (lose) 150 pounds in the coming year. 2.The boy was _____________ (blame)for what he had done. 3.One of the most damaging things a parent could do was ___________ (punish) their children for poor marks. 4.The purpose of education is _____________ (develop) a fine personality in children. 5.You appear ___________________ (travel) to quite a lot of places around the world. 6. His ambition is  (become) a famous novelist. 三.补全句子翻译 1.His dream is_________________________________________.  他的梦想是有一天能成为一名伟大的足球运动员。 2.Li Hua seemed_________________________before he came here.  李华似乎在来这儿之前就已经感冒了。 3.Her plan_______________________sooner or later.  她的计划迟早是要失败的。 4.The goal of this activity is________________________________.  这个活动的目的是满足普通人的需求。 5.Her work is_______________________________in the rest home every day. 她的工作是每天为养老院的老人清扫房间。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$