Unit 1 Art Discover Useful Structures 动词不定式作表语课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

XBook3 Unit1 ART Discovering useful structures (不定式做表语) 敦煌 Lead in 1.As I play games all day, my eyesight gets worse and worse. 2.Subsequently, I become an influential person. 3.What I like is investing. 4.The good news was that she passed the exam. 5.The best way to understand it is to look at the development. 什么可以用作表语？ 上述句子的句子结构都为： ； 划线部分在句子中充当的句子成分为： 。 Q:Observe the following sentences and answer the questions. 主+系+表(SVP) 表语(predicative) adj.短语 n.短语 v.-ing that从句 to do 不定式 Lead in Q: How to locate a predicative in a sentence? 表语位于系动词之后 1. 状态类: be动词; keep, remain, stay 2. 感官类: look, feel(摸起来), smell, sound, taste 3. 变化类: become,grow,turn,get,go,come,run,fall 4. 表像类: seem, appear 5. 终止类: turn out 结果是, prove 证明是 Lead in 1.His dream is to become a doctor. 2.My duties are to deliver letters. 3.What he wants is to solve the problems. 4.My nest plan is to have a good rest. 5.The best way to understand it is to look at the development. 上述句子的划线部分都为： ； 划线部分在句子中充当的句子成分为： 。 Q:Observe the following sentences and answer the questions. 动词不定式短语 表语(predicative) Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Understand the function and meaning of the infinitive when used as a predicative. Distinguish the difference between -ing form and infinitive constructions. Correctly use the infinitive as a predicative. 动词 谓语 非谓语 done doing to do 具有动词的特征 具有名词的特征 具有形容词的特征 具有副词的特征 主语单复数，时态，语态 非谓语动词之to do 非谓语不能单独作谓语， 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等。 Review 6 Mark Liu 类别 主动语态 被动语态 时间 一般式 完成式 进行式 / 完成进行式 / to be done to have done to be doing to have been doing to have been done 发生在谓语动词之后 发生在谓语动词之前 正在进行 一直持续 to do 1.基本形式： to+动词原形 2.其否定形式是: not/never to do. 3.注意：不定式没有人称和数的变化。 不定式的时态和语态： Review 1.含义 Infinitive as the predicative 不定式作表语 3.注意 2.用法 自学指导与检测【导学案step2 Observe and discover】 10 mins 观察所给例句，总结不定式作表语的含义，用法及需要注意的点并完成相关的练习。 含义1 To see you is my plan. (不定式作________ ) My plan is to see you. (不定式作________) It is my plan to see you.(不定式作______) Conclusion 1 ：动词不定式（短语）作表语，相当于_________作表语。它和主语处在______地位，表示的是______的具体内容，或是主语产生的______。可翻译为：______________。 ________和_________常常可以交换位置，句子的意义____________。 Observe and Discover 主语 表语 主语 名词 同等 主语 结果 “......是......” 主语 表语 不变 用法1 常用不定式作表语的情况 （1）当主语是 建议: suggestion, advice,proposal 目标与计划: aim, goal, purpose, plan 梦想与希望: dream, wish, hope 职责: duty 1.My wish is to have a job in an office. 2.His dream is to become an engineer. ①The problem was how to begin. ②The question is how to get there. ③My question is where to find the way to his home. 有时根据表达的需要，可以在不定式前添加疑问代词或副词，what,who,when,where,why,how等, 即“疑问词+to do”相当于一个________从句 表语 常用动词不定式作表语，表示主语的内容 Exercise 常用不定式作表语的情况 My dream is ___________(become) a painter. My suggestion about improving English is ___________ (memorize) words every day. My duty is ____________(help) my students improve their English. My next plan is ____________(take) part in a competition. My ambition is ___________ (work) in the computer industry when I grow up. to become to help to take to memorize to work 用法2. 常用不定式作表语的情况 （2）以 引导的主语从句，常用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。 What I suggest is to ask your friends and teachers for help. What he wants is to solve the problem. What matters/counts most is to concentrate on your favourite things. what 当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。 用法3. 常用不定式作表语的情况 （1）All he wanted was to be left alone. （2）Our first assignment was to read two short stories. （3）The least I can do to help is to lend her a car. （3）当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被______________________或形容词________(the most,the least)修饰时，其后可接“系动词+__________”作句子的表语。 all only, first, one, least 最高级 不定式 注意1 前有do,后省to 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式to 省略，但当前面的主语中有 的某种形式时，作表语的不定式 省略to。 What you should do next is (to) help him with his English. The only thing he can do now is (to) give up the plan. All you need to do is (to) read your book carefully. 常用不定式作表语需注意 不能 do 可以 Exercise His most exciting invitation was (perform) on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”. The first thing that we should do now is . (learn) The best thing that he did is (face) the difficulty bravely. ④What I want to do is _______ (work) in the computer industry when I grow up. ⑤The most important thing is _______________ (conquer) yourself. to perform (to)face (to)learn (to) work to conquer 注意2 The man’s job is to paint the wall. The man’s job is painting walls. Her dream is to be an artist. My hobby is painting. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. 常用不定式作表语需注意 to do和v-ing作表语的区别 不定式作表语强调的是一次性、 、 发生的动作； 动名词作表语强调的是习惯性、 、 发生的动作。 主语和表语在形式上最好保持 。 具体的 将要 抽象的 经常 目前的工作 日常的工作 一致 将来的或有待于实现的行为 主语的内容 Exercise ① Our work is (serve)the people. ② My job today is ___________(clean) the classroom. ③ My favorite sport is_____________(swim). ④ There is a famous saying, “To see is_____________(believe).”  ⑤Her best wish is _________(put) her new ideas into practice.   serving swimming to believe to clean to put Summary 不定式作表语：表示主语的具体内容 主语(事物)＋系动词＋to do 能够担当句子主语的名词： 建议: suggestion, advice,proposal；目标与计划: aim, goal, purpose, plan；梦想与希望: dream, wish, hope；职责: duty 主语为what引导的主语从句或含先行词为all的定语从句 主语被only, first, one, least或形容词最高级修饰 注意： (1)前主语有do,后表语无to; (2)动名词和不定式的区别 (3)主语和表语前后对称：可以都用不定式(也可以都用动名词) Her job is to look after the children. (不定式作________) To look after the children is her job.(不定式作________) She is to look after the children. (系表结构表________) 含义2 Conclusion 2 ：句1 动词不定式（短语）作表语，说明主语的具体内容。 句2 动词不定式（短语）与be构成_______结构，在句子中充当的句子成分为____________，表示的是目的，结果，安排，命令，劝告，意愿等。 Observe and Discover 表语 将来 复合谓语 主语 To look after the children is her job. 系表 用法1. （1）表“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止、预期的结果”等 系表结构作复合谓语 判断下列句式不定式的用法。 They are to marry next week. You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. You are to have a face-to-face talk with them. Students are not to use mobile phone in school. We believe humans are to live a better life in the future. What am I to say if they ask me the question? （表安排） （表禁止） （表劝告） （表愿望） （表预期） （表询问意见，用于第一人称问句） 用法2. （2）动词不定式在被动语态中具有情态意义，相当于 ___________________________________。 系表结构作复合谓语 can/could, should, ought to, must The regulations are __________________. = The regulations must be observed. You are _______________. = You should be rewarded. to be observed to be rewarded 用法3. （3）少数作表语的不定式，需用主动形式表被动： 系表结构作复合谓语 to blame (for), to let, to seek, to do You are__________.(blame) 你该受到责备。 Who is _____________ the fire? 谁应为这场大火承担责任？ The house is _________.(let) 此房出租。 A better way is yet _______.(seek) 还得找一种更好的办法。 A lot remains _______.(do) 还有许多事情要做。 to blame to blame for to let to seek to do 用法3. （3）表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。 系表结构作复合谓语 We believe humans are (live) a better life in the future. You must speak out, if we are (remain) friends. to live to remain （4）用于第一人称问句， 表示 。 What am I (say) if they ask me the question? to say 征求意见 动词不定式作表语 1. 当主语是建议、目标与计划、 梦想与愿望、职责时 2. 以What引导的主语从句 3. 主语包含定语从句且先行词为代词all 4. 主语被修饰：only, first, one, least 或最高级 1. 表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、 劝告、意愿、禁止”等 2. 用于被动语态具有情态意义， 相当于can/could, should, ought to, must 3.固定搭配：主动表被动 Summary 表示主语的 具体内容 系表结构 作 复合谓语 1．The main purpose of this activity is ________more people understand the importance of learning Chinese. A．to let B．let C．letting D．lets 4．My dream is ________ an outstanding architect after graduation. A．to becoming B．become C．becoming D．to become 5．The purpose of the program is ________ an open exchange of ideas and information. A．promote B．to promote C．being promoted D．promoted 6．The purpose of the scheme方案 is not to help the employers but ________ work for young people. A．provide B．to provide C．providing D．provided 7．Her wish is ________ a superstar when she grows up. A．become B．became C．becomes D．to become Practice 1.You know，my goal is ________ (lose) 150 pounds in the coming year. 2.The boy was _____________ (blame)for what he had done. 3.One of the most damaging things a parent could do was ___________ (punish) their children for poor marks. 4.The purpose of education is _____________ (develop) a fine personality in children. 5.You appear ___________________ (travel) to quite a lot of places around the world. 6. His ambition is  (become) a famous novelist. to lose to blame to punish to develop to have travelled to become Practice 1.His dream is_________________________________________.  他的梦想是有一天能成为一名伟大的足球运动员。 2.Li Hua seemed_________________________before he came here.  李华似乎在来这儿之前就已经感冒了。 3.Her plan_______________________sooner or later.  她的计划迟早是要失败的。 4.The goal of this activity is________________________________.  这个活动的目的是满足普通人的需求。 5.Her work is_______________________________in the rest home every day. 她的工作是每天为养老院的老人清扫房间。 to become a great football player one day to have caught a cold is to be a failure to meet the needs of common people to clean the rooms for the old Practice THANKS 敦煌 $$