精品解析：山东省枣庄市峄城区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末质量检测英语试题

2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分共120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2.不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 第一部分 听力测试(共4节，第1~3节，1~15小题，每小题1分，满分15分；第四节41~45题，每小题2分，满分10分，共25分) 第一节 根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片，把答案涂在答题卡上1~5小题的后面，录音读两遍。 1. ________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 第二节 根据你听到的内容，判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示。把答案涂在答题卡上6~10小题的后面，录音读两遍。 6. Mike’s grandfather gave the drums to him. 7. Mike stopped playing the drums because his parents didn’t allow (允许) him to play them. 8. Mike’s neighbor talked with his parents about the sound. 9. The music club usually meets on Monday. 10. Mike should phone Mrs. Hunt and tell her about that first. 第三节 你会听到五个人谈论关于他们不去参加聚会的原因。从A到E的列表中，为每个说话者选择表达每个人观点的字母，每个字母只用一遍。把答案涂在答题卡上11~15小题的后面。录音读三遍。 11. Speaker 1 …… A. Have to take care of my grandpa. 12. Speaker 2 …… B. Meet my pen pal from New York. 13. Speaker 3 …… C. Go to the dentist on that day. 14. Speaker 4 …… D. Take singing lessons in the morning. 15. Speaker 5 …… E. Have to study for the math test. 请同学们把试卷翻到第四部分第一节听力填空部分 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，第一节完形填空，16~25小题，每小题1分，满分10分；第二节语法填空，46~55小题，每小题1分，满分10分。共20分) 第一节 完形填空 If you can’t remember your dreams, what can you do? You ____1____ about one-third of your time sleeping. Remembering your dreams may help you a lot. Sleep well People dream during the first four to six ____2____ of sleep, so it is important to sleep well at night. Keep a dream diary If you wake up from a dream, do not open your eyes or move. Looking ____3____ the room or moving may not help you remember the dream. Remember the dream as fully as you can. Then open your ____4____ and write down as much as you can remember before going back to sleep. Look through a window Look out of a window and ____5____ about your dream. Describe (描述) the scene (场景), including the ____6____ and sounds. Draw a picture to help you remember the dreams. Remind yourself to remember Tell yourself you can remember dreams and then remind (提醒) yourself to do so. A(n) ____7____ way to do this is to write a note. Place ____8____ somewhere, then you will see it before you go to sleep, and ____9____ the note aloud. If you still can’t remember dreams, start small. When you ____10____ up, think about how you’re feeling. Try sleeping in late or taking a nap (小睡) during the day, as those dreams are often easier to recall (记起). 1. A. cost B. spend C. pay D. take 2. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. weeks 3. A. around B. about C. across D. along 4. A. ears B. eyes C. faces D. mouths 5. A. worry B. hear C. find D. think 6. A. shops B. colors C. food D. drinks 7. A. cool B. interesting C. easy D. difficult 8. A. him B. her C. it D. them 9. A. write B. sing C. sleep D. read 10. A. stand B. wake C. start D. use 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕如果记不住梦该怎么做这一核心主题展开。 【1题详解】 句意：你花大约三分之一的时间睡觉。 cost花费，主语通常是物，常用结构为sth cost sb+金钱；spend花费，主语是人，常用结构为sb spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth 或 sb spend+时间/金钱+on sth；pay支付，付款，主语是人，常用结构为sb pay+金钱+for sth；take花费，常用结构为It takes sb+时间+to do sth。根据主语“You”，可知，表示人花费时间，且后面是“about one-third of your time sleeping”，符合sb spend+时间+(in) doing sth结构。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：人们在入睡后前四到六个小时会做梦，所以晚上睡好觉很重要。 minutes分钟；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据“People dream during the first four to six…of sleep, so it is important to sleep well at night.”及所给选项，可知做梦是在入睡后的四到六个小时。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：环顾房间或者移动身体可能不利于你记住梦。 around四处，周围；about关于，大约；across横过，穿过；along沿着。根据“Looking…the room or moving may not help you remember the dream.”可知，look around表示“环顾四周”，符合在房间里醒来后的动作描述，故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：然后睁开你的眼睛，在再次入睡之前把你能记住的内容尽可能多地写下来。 ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；faces脸；mouths嘴巴。根据“do not open your eyes or move”，可知这里是接着之前的动作顺序，先是保持不动、记住梦，然后就是要睁开眼睛把记住的内容写下来，故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：看向窗外并思考你的梦。 worry担心，担忧；hear听见；find找到，发现；think思考，想。根据“Look out of a window and…about your dream.”可知，think about表示“思考、回想”，即看着窗外去回想梦的内容，符合语境，故选D。 【6题详解】 句意：描述那个场景，包括颜色和声音。 shops商店；colors颜色；food食物；drinks饮料。根据“Describe the scene, including the…and sounds.”可知，与sounds并列，从视觉角度来说用colors，能共同构建出对场景更丰富的描述，故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：一种简单方法就是写一张便条。 cool酷的，凉爽的；interesting有趣的；easy简单的，容易的；difficult困难的。根据“A(n)…way to do this is to write a note.”可知，这里是在介绍帮助记住梦的方法，写便条相对来说是一种比较简便易行的方式，故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：把它放在某个地方，然后在你睡觉前你就会看到它，并且大声读出这张便条。 him他，宾格；her她，宾格；她的，形容词性物主代词；it它，主格、宾格；them他们/她们/它们，宾格。根据“A(n)…way to do this is to write a note.”可知，此处指代前面提到的 “a note”，是单数名词，所以用it来指代，作Place的宾语，故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：把它放某个地方，然后在你睡觉前你就会看到它，并且大声读出这张便条。 write写；sing唱；sleep睡觉；read读。根据“Place…somewhere, then you will see it before you go to sleep, and…the note aloud.”可知，这里说的是看到便条后要做的动作，read…aloud表示“大声读……”，符合此处行为描述。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：当你醒来时，想想自己的感受。 stand站立；wake醒来；start开始；use使用。根据“When you…up, think about how you’re feeling.”可知，在醒来的时候思考感受，wake up表示“醒来”，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面两篇短文，从26~31各题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中，选出最佳选项。 A Daye City in Hubei province has created (创造) a special way to stop people from jaywalking (乱穿马路). Some yellow posts (标杆) are set at the two sides of crossings. The posts are equipped with a facial recognition system (脸部识别系统). When people are trying to run red lights, the posts will spray (喷洒) water on them. And jaywalking person’s face will be shown on a large display screen (显示屏) near the crossing. The yellow posts can not only spray water but also remind people when the traffic lights are changing. “It is now a green light. Please cross the road and be careful.” When the light turns red, the posts will say, “You are running red lights now. Please do not cross, it is dangerous.” “This is a good idea! It can stop people from jaywalking. Hopefully, it can also help prevent (阻止) traffic accidents (交通事故) in the future,” a traffic expert said. Traffic police officers say that the system is still running as a test. The government will assess (评估) the results and decide whether or not to use it in the whole city. 11. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase “are equipped with”? A. 体验 B. 购买 C. 识别 D. 配备 12. Which of the following is NOT true about the yellow posts? A. They have a facial recognition system. B. They can make traffic lights turn red or green. C. They can spray water on people who are jaywalking. D. They can remind people when the traffic lights are changing. 13. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. A storybook. B. A traffic magazine. C. A health magazine. D. A science magazine. 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国湖北省大冶市为防止行人乱穿马路而创造的一种创新方法。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章的第二段“Some yellow posts are set at the two sides of crossings. The posts are equipped with a facial recognition system.”可知，“are equipped with”后面紧跟着的是“a facial recognition system”即“脸部识别系统”，意思应是是标杆配备了脸部识别系统，可推测出“are equipped with”的意思是“配备”。故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The posts are equipped with a facial recognition system”和“When people are trying to run red lights, the posts will spray water on them.”以及第三段“The yellow posts can not only spray water but also remind people when the traffic lights are changing.”可知，配备人脸识别系统黄色的标杆会向乱穿马路的人喷水，也会提醒人们交通灯的变化，但不能够掌控红绿灯的颜色。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了湖北省大冶市为防止行人乱穿马路而创造的一种新方法即采用一种配备有脸部识别系统的黄色标杆防止行人乱穿马路。这属于道路交通的范畴，所以应是出自一本交通杂志。故选B。 B Thirty years have passed since David Crane and Marta Kauffman’s Friends (《老友记》) was shown for the first time. The American TV series, however, is still making friends. Many Chinese teenagers love it. By watching the TV show, they can not only learn about American culture but also improve their spoken English. Perhaps you haven’t seen the TV series. It’s a story of six young people. They came to New York City to find love, success, adventure (奇遇) and fun. Each of the characters (人物) had different characters (性格). However, they were able to become good friends. One fan (粉丝) of the show said that the show taught him many things. These things include being honest with people around you. Another fan said, “I learned so much spoken English through watching the show. There are many lessons we can’t learn from books.” For example, Joey sometimes greets (和……打招呼) people by saying, “Hey, guys! How ya doing?”. That’s a phrase that you won’t find in your textbook. Strange phrases and strange pronunciation (发音) are two things that make learning English difficult. So, watching TV series such as Friends is really helpful. You can translate (翻译) them and then imitate (模仿) the pronunciation clearly. And, to make it more fun, think about the life lessons you can learn from the show. Practice being “Friends” with your own friends. 14. From the first paragraph we can know the TV series Friends is still ________. A. popular B. surprising C. interesting D. boring 15. Which of the following is NOT true about the TV series Friends? A. The story of Friends happened in New York. B. The six people could become friends because they had the same characters. C. The six people would like to find love, success, adventure and fun. D. We should learn how to be friends with others from the TV series. 16. What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to make more friends B. My favorite TV series C. Forever (永远的) friends of Friends D. Practice English by watching TV series 【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述的是三十年前，《老友记》第一季开播的状况。如今，这部美剧仍是许多人心中的经典，许多中国青少年喜欢它，通过《老友记》，他们不仅可以了解美国文化，还能提高英语口语。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The American TV series, however, is still making friends.”可知，这部美国电视剧仍在结交朋友，可推知，这部剧仍然受到欢迎。故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each of the characters (人物) had different characters (性格).”可知，每个人物都有不同的性格，所以B项错误。故选B。 【16题详解】 最佳标题题。根据第一段中的“Thirty years have passed since David Crane and Marta Kauffman’s Friends (《老友记》) was shown for the first time. The American TV series, however, is still making friends. Many Chinese teenagers love it.”并通读全文可知，本文讲述的是三十年前，《老友记》第一季开播，如今，这部美剧仍是许多人心中的经典，所以C项符合。故选C。 C 读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面的问题，正确的涂T，错误的涂F。 Anyone who has read the book Lost Horizon by James Hilton must have been attracted (吸引) by Shangri-La. Shangri-La (香格里拉) is called a paradise (天堂) on earth in Southwest China. The book was written in 1993. And there was no such a place named Shangri-La in China at that time. But the landscape (风景) and natural wonders (奇观) in Southwest China are very beautiful. They are very similar to the descriptions (描述) from the book. In October 1996, the search for Shangri-La in Yunnan began. In September 1997, people found Diqing. Shangri-La, in the Tibetan language of Diqing, means “the sun and the moon in my heart”. On December 17, 2001, Zhongdian County, the capital of Diqing, was renamed (重新命名) Shangri-La. The China Cultural Center and China Tourism Office in Sydney held a video show on the Internet on July 29. They let more people around the world know the beauty (美丽) of Southwest China. 17. Shangri-La is in paradise. 18. The landscape and natural wonders in Southwest China are beautiful. 19 The search for Shangri-La in Yunnan began in 1996. 20. Many Australian people came to visit Shangri-La on July 29. 【答案】17. F 18. T 19. T 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人间天堂——香格里拉。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Shangri-La (香格里拉) is called a paradise (天堂) on earth in Southwest China.”可知，Shangri-La被称为人间天堂，但并不是说其就在天堂里。故选F。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But the landscape (风景) and natural wonders (奇观) in Southwest China are very beautiful. ”可知，中国西南部的风景和自然奇观非常美丽。故选T。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In October 1996, the search for Shangri-La in Yunnan began.”可知，搜索在1996年开始，故选T。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The China Cultural Center and China Tourism Office in Sydney held a video show on the Internet on July 29.”可知，中国文化中心和悉尼中国旅游局在互联网上举行了一场视频秀，是通过网络视频展示，而非澳大利亚人亲自到访参观。故选F。 D 七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。 Life is like a journey. On the way, we have happiness and sadness. ____21____ It’s not difficult for anyone around you to tell his regrets (遗憾). When we get older, we look back and wish that we had made better choices. How can we avoid (避免) future regrets? Make better plans If you start to do something, you’d better make a plan before doing it. The earlier, the better. You will know what comes first and what comes last. ____22____ If changes happen, you can have more time to deal with them. Live a more active life You can go around more often. More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active. You also need to be kind. “Thank you” can bring a smile to someone’s face. ____23____ Find the right friend A friend may make your life and he or she can break your life as well. So you need to think twice when you choose a friend. Good friends will always make your ideas better. ____24____ That little help may get you good results. Never fear failure Everybody fails. Even the greatest person failed. ____25____ We must take failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves. Life is good. We don’t have to live in our past, but we do hope that we can plan better, live better, and work better when we have the chance to do so. A. Sometimes it is not full of regrets. B. When you get into trouble, ask others for help. C. You’ll also know what you should do and what you shouldn’t do. D. Learn to say “sorry” and don’t be angry with others. E. We should not fear failure, because failure is not the end of the road. F. Learn to say “sorry” and be angry with others. G. Sometimes it is also full of regrets. 【答案】21. G 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们如何避免人生中的遗憾的方法。文中给出了四种方式，制定更好的计划、过一种更积极的生活、找到合适的朋友、不要害怕失败。 【21题详解】 根据第一段第二句 “On the way, we have happiness and sadness.”和倒数第二句 “we look back and wish that we had made better choices”可知，生活有时候也充满了遗憾。因此，选项G“有时候也会充满遗憾。”与之相符。故选G。 【22题详解】 根据第三段第一句“make a plan before doing it”和第三句“what comes first and what comes last”可知，通过制定计划，你会知道应该做什么和不应该做什么。选项C“你也会知道你应该做什么，不应该做什么。”与之相符。故选C。 【23题详解】 根据第五段第三句“be kind”和第四句“Thank you can bring a smile to someone’s face”可知，在生活中保持积极和善良的态度是很重要的。选项D“学会说‘对不起’，不要生别人的气。”与之相符。故选D。 【24题详解】 根据第七段第三句“Good friends will always make your ideas better”和最后一句“that little help may get you good results”可知，在困难时，朋友的帮助是宝贵的。因此，选项B“当你遇到麻烦时，向别人求助。”与之相符。故选B。 【25题详解】 根据第九段第一句“Everybody fails”和最后一句“failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves”可知，我们不应该害怕失败，因为失败不是路的尽头。该段讨论了对失败的态度，选项E“我们不应该害怕失败，因为失败不是路的尽头。”与之相符。故选E。 第四部分 写作(共六节，满分65分) 第一节 听力填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段短文，请根据所听内容完成下面的填空。每个空不超过三个单词，把答案写在答题卡第一节41~45小题的横线上。 Tips on Having a Good Vacation Decide where to go Choose 41 places you want to visit before the vacation. Talk about each place with your friends or 42 and find out your favorite one. Think about how to go It depends on (取决于) how far the place is and how much money you want to 43 . Find a great hotel Try to find a very good hotel 44 . Write a list Think about what you need every day when you are away. Remember to take anything 45 during your travel. 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。 Mars (火星) is dry and rocky (多岩石的). There are no plants ____26____ animals on Mars. There’ s a little oxygen (氧气) on Mars. But it’s not enough to breathe. Was there ____27____ (some) life on Mars? China is ____28____ (send) a robot to find out. The Mars rover (巡视器) is a robotic scientist. It has a seven-foot arm. The rover will land in Mars ____29____ February 2025. This robotic scientist’s job is ____30____ (look) for clues (线索). These clues could tell ____31____ (we) if there was once life on Mars. For example, it will look for rocks on Mars. Those ____32____ (rock) may have fossils (化石) in them. And the fossils will help us to know if there was once life on Mars. “Robots can help us answer big scientific questions,” ____33____ (say) Dr. Chen. She’s a scientist. “It’s hard to send ____34____ person to Mars. But we know how to send robots.” The rover will also _____35_____ (take) a small helicopter (直升机) to Mars. It will test the helicopter. This will tell scientists how the flying vehicle would work there. 【答案】26. or 27. any 28. sending 29. in 30. to look 31. us 32. rocks 33. said 34. a 35. take 【解析】 【导语】本文向读者介绍了中国火星探测任务的相关信息，包括火星的环境特点、探测目的、探测设备的功能和预期目标。 【26题详解】 句意：火星上没有植物或动物。根据句式结构可知，这里需要一个连词来连接“plants”和“animals”，结合空前“no”可知，该空应填“or”。故填or。 【27题详解】 句意：火星上曾经有生命吗？根据空前“Was there”可知，该句是there be句型的一般疑问句。这里需要一个不定代词来表示“一些生命”，在疑问句中，使用“any”。故填any。 【28题详解】 句意：中国正在发送一个机器人去发现。根据空前“is”可知，这里需要一个现在分词形式构成现在进行时即“sending”。故填sending。 【29题详解】 句意：这个机器人将在2025年2月登陆火星。根据空后“February 2025”可知，该空应填介词，表示在某个月份用“in”。故填in。 【30题详解】 句意：这个机器人科学 家的工作是去寻找线索。根据句式结构可知，该空应填不定式表目的，“look”变为不定式“to look”。故填to look。 【31题详解】 句意：这些线索可以告诉我们否曾经有生命在火星上。根据空前“tell”可知，该空应填宾格形式，“we”变为宾格形式“us”。故填us。 【32题详解】 句意：那些岩石可能含有化石。根据空前“Those”可知，该空应填名词复数形式，“rock”变为复数形式“rocks”。故填rocks。 【33题详解】 句意：“机器人可以帮助我们回答重大的科学问题，”陈博士说。结合文章时态可知，该空应填动词的过去式形式，“say”变为过去式形式“said”。故填said。 【34题详解】 句意：但是我们知道如何发送机器人。根据空后名词单数“person”可知，该空应填冠词表示一个，“person”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用“a”。故填a。 【35题详解】 句意：它还将携带一个小直升机去火星。它将测试这个直升机。这将告诉科学家飞行工具在那里将如何工作。根据空前“will”可知，该空应填动词原形“take”。故填take。 第三节 读下面的文章， 在答题卡的56~60每个题目下回答问题 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 。 Most cars get their energy from petrol (汽油), But some cars use electricity (电). They get their power from large batteries (电池). There are also some cars that have both an electric motor and a petrol motor. They are called hybrid cars (混动汽车). In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed. But when the petrol engines became easier to make and more powerful, they became more popular. Interest in electric cars was high in the 1970s and 1980s because oil became very expensive. Recently, electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less. Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit (益处) is that they can reduce pollution (减少污染). But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. The electricity to power electric cars has to come from a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning fossil fuels (化石燃料). The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction (减小) in the dependence (依赖) on foreign oil. Since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power (核能) stations, there is less of a need to import (进口) oil. There are some problems with electric cars as well. One disadvantage (缺点) is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries. They need to be charged (充电) in special places. Right now, there aren’t enough places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars can’t travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of (用完) electricity before they reach their destination (目的地). 36. What do electric cars get their power from? ____________________________________ 37. When were electric cars first popular? ____________________________________ 38. Why have electric cars become popular again recently? ____________________________________ 39. What is the third paragraph mainly about? ____________________________________ 40. What are the disadvantages of electric cars compared with (与……比较) petrol cars? ____________________________________ 【答案】36. They get their power from large batteries. 37. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 38. Because people want cars that pollute less. 39. It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars./The benefits of electric cars. 40. They are more expensive and can’t travel as far as petrol cars. Also, there aren’t enough places to charge the batteries. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是介绍了电动汽车的优缺点。 【36题详解】 根据文中“They get their power from large batteries.”可知，他们从大电池中得到动力。故填They get their power from large batteries. 【37题详解】 根据文中“In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed.”可知，是在19世纪末20世纪初。故填In the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 【38题详解】 根据文中“Recently, electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.”可知，因为人们想要污染少的汽车。故填Because people want cars that pollute less. 【39题详解】 通读整个第三段可知，主要讲述了电动汽车的优点。故填It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars./The benefits of electric cars. 【40题详解】 根据文中“One disadvantage (缺点) is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars.”、“Another problem is that electric cars can’t travel as far as petrol cars.”以及“Right now, there aren’t enough places where people can charge the batteries.”可知，电动汽车比汽油车贵、不能走到汽油车那么远以及没有足够的地方充电。故填They are more expensive and can’t travel as far as petrol cars. Also, there aren’t enough places to charge the batteries. 第四节 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每个空格填一个单词。(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)把答案写在答题卡61~65小题的横线上。 41. 我的老师们直到完成了这项工作才回家。 My teachers ________ go back home ________ they finished this work. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. until 【解析】 【详解】直到……才：not..until；根据“finished”可知句子用一般过去时，变否定句时借助助动词did，did not=didn’t。故填didn’t；until。 42. 如果明天下雨，我们就在家做作业。 _______ it ________ tomorrow, we’ll do our homework at home. 【答案】 ①. If ②. rains 【解析】 【详解】“如果”if，“下雨”rain，这是由if引导的条件状语从句，主将从现，所以此处从句用一般现在时，主语it是三单人称，动词用单三形式rains。故填If；rains。 43. 只要你细心观察， 生活总是充满美好。 Life is always ________ of beauty, as long as you watch ________. 【答案】 ①. full ②. carefully 【解析】 【详解】be full of ... “充满……”，是固定词组；carefully“仔细地”，副词，在句中作状语修饰动词 “watch”。故填full；carefully。 44. 我不得不过度学习， 所以我没有充足的睡眠。 I have to study too much, so I don’t get ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. enough ②. sleep 【解析】 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“充足的睡眠”；enough“足够的”；sleep“睡眠”，不可数名词。故填enough；sleep。 45. 我上太多课后补习班了。 I have ________ ________ after-school classes. 【答案】 ①. too ②. many 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此两空意为“太多”，结合空后的“after-school classes”可知，此处用于修饰可数名词的复数形式，所以空格处应填too many“太多”。故填too；many。 第五节 大意总结(满分10分，书写占2分) 46. 读下面的文章。请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。词数不少于60，不多于80词。注意：在文章后标清你写的字数。 Jogging (慢跑) is basically running at a steady (平稳的) speed over short or long distances. One of the main advantages of jogging over many other sports is that it can be done anywhere. People jo g around college campuses, in parks, in the countryside and even in urban areas. Special courts, fields and running tracks are not necessary. Similarly, no special equipment (装备) is required— no costly hats, or balls, and no expensive sports kit. Good quality (质量) running shoes are advisable, but otherwise the jogger can simply wear loose (宽松的), comfortable clothing. Special jogging suits are widely available (可用的) these days and can be bought quite cheaply but these are not necessary. In addition to (除了) being able to jog anywhere, you can also jog at any time, in any season! It’s not unusual to see joggers exercising in the height of summer or in the depth of winter! Jogging is a solo sport. You don’t need to wait until you have gathered a team or found a partner. You can jog alone. A few words of warning (警告) , however, lone female (女性) joggers should be especially careful to choose sensible (合理的) jogging routes (路线), particularly (尤其) at night time. The act of jogging doesn’t require (需要) any special training or skill. You do need to be basically healthy but then, after a few basic warm-up bends and stretches (拉伸), you are ready to begin. You simply start running, gently, and then build up to a steady pace (稳定的步伐). Do not overtire yourself by trying to go too fast. A steady, comfortable pace is your aim. Jogging is excellent for keeping fit. It’s good for the lungs (肺), the heart and the circulation (循环). It’s easy and it’s convenient (方便的). Why don’t you try it? If you require more information, talk to one of the instructors (教练) at the sports centre. We are only too happy to help. Please remember: if you do decide to jog, talk to your doctor first if you have any health worries. Happy jogging! 1. What is jogging? 2. What’s the advantage (优点) of jogging? 3. What’s the writer’s special suggestion to lone women who decide to jog? 4. What do you need to do when you begin your jogging? 5. Why is Jogging excellent for keeping fit? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Jogging is running at a steady speed over short or long distances. It can be done anywhere at any time without special equipment. However, lone female joggers should choose sensible routes. When starting jogging, you need to warm up and start gently. Jogging is excellent for keeping fit as it’s good for the lungs, the heart and the circulation. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇小作文，主要对慢跑这一运动进行介绍说明； ②时态：主要运用“一般现在时”； ③提示：围绕慢跑主题，全面地涵盖相关要点，包括慢跑的定义、慢跑的便利性、慢跑的注意事项以及慢跑的益处。 [写作步骤] 第一步，向读者介绍慢跑这一运动，让读者了解慢跑的基本情况； 第二步，详细介绍慢跑的基本信息。可以在任何时间、任何地点进行且无需特殊装备；慢跑对肺部、心脏和血液循环有益； 第三步，总结慢跑对身体各方面的益处，是一种有益于保持健康的运动，值得人们去尝试。 [亮点词汇] ①steady平稳的 ②equipment装备 ③warm up热身 [高分句型] ①Jogging is excellent for keeping fit as it's good for the lungs, the heart and the circulation. (as引导的原因状语从句) 第六节 书面表达(满分15分，书写占2分) 47. 现在是2050年，你是李华，生活在火星上，你的朋友Mike生活在地球上，不久他也会来火星生活。请你根据所提供的信息写一封信，告诉他你在火星上的生活情况。 内容包括： ①学习与生活方面(无学校，在网上学习；机器人做家务……)； ②环境与生活设施(到处绿树鲜花；附近有大型超市……)； ③总体感觉(舒适、有趣、快乐)。 要求：1.逻辑清晰，表达明确；要点齐全，行文连贯；标点正确，书面整洁。 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名，照抄阅读语篇不得分。 3.词数：80~100(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Mike, I’m writing a letter to you from Mars. It’s really wonderful to live on Mars. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Well, I hope to see you soon. Good luck! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Mike, I’m writing a letter to you from Mars. It’s really wonderful to live on Mars. There are no schools here. I study online, which is quite convenient. What’s more, there are robots in every home. Robots can do all the housework for me. Therefore I have more free time to do what I am interested in. The environment here is also very amazing. There are trees and flowers everywhere. It is very beautiful. Besides, there is a big supermarket selling different kinds of things near my home. It’s very convenient to buy things. All in all, I feel very comfortable, interesting and happy here. Well, I hope to see you soon. Good luck! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍自己在火星上的生活，适当增加细节，完善表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，从学习与生活方面、环境与生活设施方面介绍火星上的生活； 第三步，介绍自己的总体感觉。 [亮点词汇] ①study online 在线学习 ②do all the housework 做所有的家务 [高分句型] ① There are trees and flowers everywhere. (there be结构) ② It’s very convenient to buy things. (it固定结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分共120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2.不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 第一部分 听力测试(共4节，第1~3节，1~15小题，每小题1分，满分15分；第四节41~45题，每小题2分，满分10分，共25分) 第一节 根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片，把答案涂在答题卡上1~5小题的后面，录音读两遍。 1. ________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 第二节 根据你听到的内容，判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示。把答案涂在答题卡上6~10小题的后面，录音读两遍。 6. Mike’s grandfather gave the drums to him. 7. Mike stopped playing the drums because his parents didn’t allow (允许) him to play them. 8. Mike’s neighbor talked with his parents about the sound. 9. The music club usually meets on Monday. 10. Mike should phone Mrs. Hunt and tell her about that first. 第三节 你会听到五个人谈论关于他们不去参加聚会的原因。从A到E的列表中，为每个说话者选择表达每个人观点的字母，每个字母只用一遍。把答案涂在答题卡上11~15小题的后面。录音读三遍。 11. Speaker 1 …… A. Have to take care of my grandpa. 12 Speaker 2 …… B. Meet my pen pal from New York. 13. Speaker 3 …… C. Go to the dentist on that day. 14. Speaker 4 …… D. Take singing lessons in the morning. 15. Speaker 5 …… E. Have to study for the math test. 请同学们把试卷翻到第四部分第一节听力填空部分 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，第一节完形填空，16~25小题，每小题1分，满分10分；第二节语法填空，46~55小题，每小题1分，满分10分。共20分) 第一节 完形填空 If you can’t remember your dreams, what can you do? You ____1____ about one-third of your time sleeping. Remembering your dreams may help you a lot. Sleep well People dream during the first four to six ____2____ of sleep, so it is important to sleep well at night. Keep a dream diary If you wake up from a dream, do not open your eyes or move. Looking ____3____ the room or moving may not help you remember the dream. Remember the dream as fully as you can. Then open your ____4____ and write down as much as you can remember before going back to sleep. Look through a window Look out of a window and ____5____ about your dream. Describe (描述) the scene (场景), including the ____6____ and sounds. Draw a picture to help you remember the dreams. Remind yourself to remember Tell yourself you can remember dreams and then remind (提醒) yourself to do so. A(n) ____7____ way to do this is to write a note. Place ____8____ somewhere, then you will see it before you go to sleep, and ____9____ the note aloud. If you still can’t remember dreams, start small. When you ____10____ up, think about how you’re feeling. Try sleeping in late or taking a nap (小睡) during the day, as those dreams are often easier to recall (记起). 1. A. cost B. spend C. pay D. take 2. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. weeks 3. A. around B. about C. across D. along 4. A. ears B. eyes C. faces D. mouths 5. A. worry B. hear C. find D. think 6. A. shops B. colors C. food D. drinks 7. A. cool B. interesting C. easy D. difficult 8. A. him B. her C. it D. them 9. A. write B. sing C. sleep D. read 10. A. stand B. wake C. start D. use 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面两篇短文，从26~31各题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中，选出最佳选项。 A Daye City in Hubei province has created (创造) a special way to stop people from jaywalking (乱穿马路). Some yellow posts (标杆) are set at the two sides of crossings. The posts are equipped with a facial recognition system (脸部识别系统). When people are trying to run red lights, the posts will spray (喷洒) water on them. And jaywalking person’s face will be shown on a large display screen (显示屏) near the crossing. The yellow posts can not only spray water but also remind people when the traffic lights are changing. “It is now a green light. Please cross the road and be careful.” When the light turns red, the posts will say, “You are running red lights now. Please do not cross, it is dangerous.” “This is a good idea! It can stop people from jaywalking. Hopefully, it can also help prevent (阻止) traffic accidents (交通事故) in the future,” a traffic expert said. Traffic police officers say that the system is still running as a test. The government will assess (评估) the results and decide whether or not to use it in the whole city. 11. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase “are equipped with”? A 体验 B. 购买 C. 识别 D. 配备 12. Which of the following is NOT true about the yellow posts? A They have a facial recognition system. B. They can make traffic lights turn red or green. C. They can spray water on people who are jaywalking. D. They can remind people when the traffic lights are changing. 13. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. A storybook. B. A traffic magazine. C. A health magazine. D. A science magazine. B Thirty years have passed since David Crane and Marta Kauffman’s Friends (《老友记》) was shown for the first time. The American TV series, however, is still making friends. Many Chinese teenagers love it. By watching the TV show, they can not only learn about American culture but also improve their spoken English. Perhaps you haven’t seen the TV series. It’s a story of six young people. They came to New York City to find love, success, adventure (奇遇) and fun. Each of the characters (人物) had different characters (性格). However, they were able to become good friends. One fan (粉丝) of the show said that the show taught him many things. These things include being honest with people around you. Another fan said, “I learned so much spoken English through watching the show. There are many lessons we can’t learn from books.” For example, Joey sometimes greets (和……打招呼) people by saying, “Hey, guys! How ya doing?”. That’s a phrase that you won’t find in your textbook. Strange phrases and strange pronunciation (发音) are two things that make learning English difficult. So, watching TV series such as Friends is really helpful. You can translate (翻译) them and then imitate (模仿) the pronunciation clearly. And, to make it more fun, think about the life lessons you can learn from the show. Practice being “Friends” with your own friends. 14. From the first paragraph we can know the TV series Friends is still ________. A. popular B. surprising C. interesting D. boring 15. Which of the following is NOT true about the TV series Friends? A. The story of Friends happened in New York. B. The six people could become friends because they had the same characters. C. The six people would like to find love, success, adventure and fun. D. We should learn how to be friends with others from the TV series. 16. What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to make more friends B. My favorite TV series C. Forever (永远的) friends of Friends D. Practice English by watching TV series C 读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面的问题，正确的涂T，错误的涂F。 Anyone who has read the book Lost Horizon by James Hilton must have been attracted (吸引) by Shangri-La. Shangri-La (香格里拉) is called a paradise (天堂) on earth in Southwest China. The book was written in 1993. And there was no such a place named Shangri-La in China at that time. But the landscape (风景) and natural wonders (奇观) in Southwest China are very beautiful. They are very similar to the descriptions (描述) from the book. In October 1996, the search for Shangri-La in Yunnan began. In September 1997, people found Diqing. Shangri-La, in the Tibetan language of Diqing, means “the sun and the moon in my heart”. On December 17, 2001, Zhongdian County, the capital of Diqing, was renamed (重新命名) Shangri-La. The China Cultural Center and China Tourism Office in Sydney held a video show on the Internet on July 29. They let more people around the world know the beauty (美丽) of Southwest China. 17. Shangri-La is in paradise. 18. The landscape and natural wonders in Southwest China are beautiful. 19. The search for Shangri-La in Yunnan began in 1996. 20. Many Australian people came to visit Shangri-La on July 29. D 七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。 Life is like a journey. On the way, we have happiness and sadness. ____21____ It’s not difficult for anyone around you to tell his regrets (遗憾). When we get older, we look back and wish that we had made better choices. How can we avoid (避免) future regrets? Make better plans If you start to do something, you’d better make a plan before doing it. The earlier, the better. You will know what comes first and what comes last. ____22____ If changes happen, you can have more time to deal with them. Live a more active life You can go around more often. More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active. You also need to be kind. “Thank you” can bring a smile to someone’s face. ____23____ Find the right friend A friend may make your life and he or she can break your life as well. So you need to think twice when you choose a friend. Good friends will always make your ideas better. ____24____ That little help may get you good results. Never fear failure Everybody fails. Even the greatest person failed. ____25____ We must take failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves. Life is good. We don’t have to live in our past, but we do hope that we can plan better, live better, and work better when we have the chance to do so. A. Sometimes it is not full of regrets. B. When you get into trouble, ask others for help. C. You’ll also know what you should do and what you shouldn’t do. D. Learn to say “sorry” and don’t be angry with others. E. We should not fear failure, because failure is not the end of the road. F. Learn to say “sorry” and be angry with others. G. Sometimes it is also full of regrets. 第四部分 写作(共六节，满分65分) 第一节 听力填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段短文，请根据所听内容完成下面的填空。每个空不超过三个单词，把答案写在答题卡第一节41~45小题的横线上。 Tips on Having a Good Vacation Decide where to go Choose 41 places you want to visit before the vacation. Talk about each place with your friends or 42 and find out your favorite one. Think about how to go It depends on (取决于) how far the place is and how much money you want to 43 . Find a great hotel Try to find a very good hotel 44 . Write a list Think about what you need every day when you are away. Remember to take anything 45 during your travel. 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。 Mars (火星) is dry and rocky (多岩石的). There are no plants ____26____ animals on Mars. There’ s a little oxygen (氧气) on Mars. But it’s not enough to breathe. Was there ____27____ (some) life on Mars? China is ____28____ (send) a robot to find out. The Mars rover (巡视器) is a robotic scientist. It has a seven-foot arm. The rover will land in Mars ____29____ February 2025. This robotic scientist’s job is ____30____ (look) for clues (线索). These clues could tell ____31____ (we) if there was once life on Mars. For example, it will look for rocks on Mars. Those ____32____ (rock) may have fossils (化石) in them. And the fossils will help us to know if there was once life on Mars. “Robots can help us answer big scientific questions,” ____33____ (say) Dr. Chen. She’s a scientist. “It’s hard to send ____34____ person to Mars. But we know how to send robots.” The rover will also _____35_____ (take) a small helicopter (直升机) to Mars. It will test the helicopter. This will tell scientists how the flying vehicle would work there. 第三节 读下面的文章， 在答题卡的56~60每个题目下回答问题 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 。 Most cars get their energy from petrol (汽油), But some cars use electricity (电). They get their power from large batteries (电池). There are also some cars that have both an electric motor and a petrol motor. They are called hybrid cars (混动汽车). In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed. But when the petrol engines became easier to make and more powerful, they became more popular. Interest in electric cars was high in the 1970s and 1980s because oil became very expensive. Recently, electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less. Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit (益处) is that they can reduce pollution (减少污染). But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. The electricity to power electric cars has to come from a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning fossil fuels (化石燃料). The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction (减小) in the dependence (依赖) on foreign oil. Since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power (核能) stations, there is less of a need to import (进口) oil. There are some problems with electric cars as well. One disadvantage (缺点) is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries. They need to be charged (充电) in special places. Right now, there aren’t enough places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars can’t travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of (用完) electricity before they reach their destination (目的地). 36. What do electric cars get their power from? ____________________________________ 37. When were electric cars first popular? ____________________________________ 38. Why have electric cars become popular again recently? ____________________________________ 39. What is the third paragraph mainly about? ____________________________________ 40. What are the disadvantages of electric cars compared with (与……比较) petrol cars? ____________________________________ 第四节 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每个空格填一个单词。(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)把答案写在答题卡61~65小题的横线上。 41. 我的老师们直到完成了这项工作才回家。 My teachers ________ go back home ________ they finished this work. 42. 如果明天下雨，我们就在家做作业。 _______ it ________ tomorrow, we’ll do our homework at home. 43. 只要你细心观察， 生活总是充满美好。 Life is always ________ of beauty, as long as you watch ________. 44. 我不得不过度学习， 所以我没有充足的睡眠。 I have to study too much, so I don’t get ________ ________. 45. 我上太多课后补习班了。 I have ________ ________ after-school classes. 第五节 大意总结(满分10分，书写占2分) 46. 读下面的文章。请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。词数不少于60，不多于80词。注意：在文章后标清你写的字数。 Jogging (慢跑) is basically running at a steady (平稳的) speed over short or long distances. One of the main advantages of jogging over many other sports is that it can be done anywhere. People jo g around college campuses, in parks, in the countryside and even in urban areas. Special courts, fields and running tracks are not necessary. Similarly, no special equipment (装备) is required— no costly hats, or balls, and no expensive sports kit. Good quality (质量) running shoes are advisable, but otherwise the jogger can simply wear loose (宽松的), comfortable clothing. Special jogging suits are widely available (可用的) these days and can be bought quite cheaply but these are not necessary. In addition to (除了) being able to jog anywhere, you can also jog at any time, in any season! It’s not unusual to see joggers exercising in the height of summer or in the depth of winter! Jogging is a solo sport. You don’t need to wait until you have gathered a team or found a partner. You can jog alone. A few words of warning (警告) , however, lone female (女性) joggers should be especially careful to choose sensible (合理的) jogging routes (路线), particularly (尤其) at night time. The act of jogging doesn’t require (需要) any special training or skill. You do need to be basically healthy but then, after a few basic warm-up bends and stretches (拉伸), you are ready to begin. You simply start running, gently, and then build up to a steady pace (稳定的步伐). Do not overtire yourself by trying to go too fast. A steady, comfortable pace is your aim. Jogging is excellent for keeping fit. It’s good for the lungs (肺), the heart and the circulation (循环). It’s easy and it’s convenient (方便). Why don’t you try it? If you require more information, talk to one of the instructors (教练) at the sports centre. We are only too happy to help. Please remember: if you do decide to jog, talk to your doctor first if you have any health worries. Happy jogging! 1. What is jogging? 2. What’s the advantage (优点) of jogging? 3. What’s the writer’s special suggestion to lone women who decide to jog? 4. What do you need to do when you begin your jogging? 5. Why is Jogging excellent for keeping fit? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第六节 书面表达(满分15分，书写占2分) 47. 现在是2050年，你是李华，生活在火星上，你的朋友Mike生活在地球上，不久他也会来火星生活。请你根据所提供的信息写一封信，告诉他你在火星上的生活情况。 内容包括： ①学习与生活方面(无学校，在网上学习；机器人做家务……)； ②环境与生活设施(到处绿树鲜花；附近有大型超市……)； ③总体感觉(舒适、有趣、快乐)。 要求：1.逻辑清晰，表达明确；要点齐全，行文连贯；标点正确，书面整洁。 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名，照抄阅读语篇不得分。 3.词数：80~100(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Mike, I’m writing a letter to you from Mars It’s really wonderful to live on Mars. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Well, I hope to see you soon. Good luck! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$