第05讲名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成和用法 -【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）

第05讲名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成和用法 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、构成 引导词: 连接词：that（无意义，在从句中不作成分）、if、whether（“是否”的意思，在从句中不作成分）。 连接代词：what、who、whom、which、whose等（在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语）。 连接副词：when、where、why、how（在从句中作状语）。 语序：要用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 二、用法 主语从句 定义：在复合句中作主语的从句。例如：That he will come is certain.（“That he will come”是主语从句，在句中作主语，表示“他要来”这件事是确定的）。 注意：为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，把主语从句放在后面。比如：It's a pity that you missed the party.（真正的主语是“that you missed the party”）。 宾语从句 定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句。例如：I think (that) you are right. （“that you are right”是宾语从句，作think的宾语）。 位置：在及物动词、介词或某些形容词（如sure、glad等）后。 表语从句 定义：在复合句中作表语的从句，位于系动词之后。 例如：The problem is who can help us.（“who can help us”是表语从句，跟在系动词is之后， 说明问题是“谁能帮助我们”）。 同位语从句 定义：用于解释说明前面某一名词的内容。 例如：The news that our team won the game made us excited. （“that our team won the game”是同位语从句，用来解释说明news的内容， 即“我们队赢了比赛”这个消息）。 特点：常跟同位语从句的名词有news、fact、idea、promise等。 Grammar主语从句 主语从句的用法精讲： 一、主语从句 1、定义：在复合句中充当主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句可以直接放在句首， 也可以用形式主语it代替,将主语从句放在句末。 2、判断一个句子是否是主语从句的诀窍： 首先，看句子结构。如果一个从句在复合句中充当主语，那它就是主语从句。例如在句子 “What he said is very important.”中，“What he said”这个从句在整个句子中作主语，所以它是主语从句。 其次，观察从句位置。主语从句通常位于句首，但有时为了避免句子头重脚轻，会用it作形式主语， 将主语从句后置。像“It's a pity that you can't come.”这里真正的主语是“that you can't come”，它是主语从句，被后置了，而it是形式主语。 最后，留意引导词。主语从句常由一些特定的引导词引导，如that（无实际意义）、whether（是否）、 what（……的事物）、who（谁）、when（什么时候）、where（什么地方）、why（为什么）、how（怎样）等。看到这些引导词引导的从句在句首作主语或者在形式主语it后作真正主语，就可以判断是主语从句。 例如“Whether we will have a picnic depends on the weather.”中“Whether we will have a picnic” 就是主语从句。 二、主语从句的结构 1、主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that, whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that 无实义，whether表示“是否” 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever 等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when, where, how, why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 主语从句中选择连接词的方法： （1)根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分。 (2)根据连接词在从句中的意义。 2、it作形式主语 为了保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It+系动词+形容词+主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有 important，(un）likely，possible, necessary, natural, wrong等。 It+系动词+名词+主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact, idea, honour, question, pity等 It+系动词+过去分词+主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词，有known, proved, said, decided, suggested, thought等 It+不及物动词+主语从句 常用于此句型的动词有appear, happen, seem, occur, matter等。 【特别提醒】 （1）在“It+ be+过去分词+主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等， 主语从句中的谓语用“(should）do”。 (2）在“It+ be+形容词+主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 二、主语从句中应注意的问题 1、从句要用陈述语序 2、主谓一致 （1）从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 what 引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 (2) 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数； 由两个或多个连接词 引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 3、单个主语从句作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式 that引导的主语从句:that在从句中不作任何成分,没有词义,只起连接作用,且不能省略 (1)that置于句首的主语从句。 e.g.That the college will take in more students is true. 这所大学要招收更多的新生是真的。 (2) it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句后置。 ①It+be+adj.+that 从句。 It's obvious that they badly need help.很明显,他们急需援助。 ②It+be+名词(短语)+that从句。 order, e.g.It is a pity that you missed the film. 你没看这部电影太可惜了. ③It+be+过去分词+that从句,常用句型如下: It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道.… It is suggested that...据建议…… It is well-known that... 众所周知 It is hoped that...人们希望.… e.g.It is suggested that we should set out at dawn.据建议我们应该黎明时出发。 It is reported that the supplies will be delivered to the area tomorrow. 据报道补给品明天会运往该地区。 It is said that no one will be interested in buying such an expensive car. 据说没人有兴趣买这样一辆昂贵的车。 ④It+不及物动词(短语)+that 从句,常用于此句式的动词(短语)有 形式主 seem, appear,matter(有关系),happen(碰巧),occur to sb.(某人突然想到),turn out(结果是)等。 e.g.It seems that he has seen the film. 似乎他已经看过这部电影了。 It happened that the two cheats were there.碰巧这两个骗子在那里。 It turned out that he was the one who made the mistake 主语从句精准考点练习题精讲： 1. _______ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 答案：C。解析：“____ you don't like him”是主语从句，从句意思完整，不缺成分，用that引导，在句中无实际意义。 2. It remains a mystery _______ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids. A. how B. that C. which D. what 答案：A。解析：这里it是形式主语，真正的主语从句是“____ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids”，从句中缺少方式状语，意思是“古埃及人是怎样建造金字塔的”，所以用how。 3. _______ has caused this severe accident is still a mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 答案：A。解析：“____ has caused this severe accident”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，“什么导致了这场严重的事故”，用what。 4、_______ makes this book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which - 答案：B - 解题思路：分析句子结构，“_______ makes this book so extraordinary”是主语从句，在这个从句中，缺少一个表示“什么”的词作主语，因为从句的谓语动词是“makes”，需要一个能充当主语的成分。“that”在主语从句中无实际意义，且不能充当成分；“who”表示人，不符合题意；“which”表示“哪一个”，也不符合语境。而“what”有“……的东西/事情”的意思，可以在从句中充当主语，所以应该选B。 5、It is still under discussion _______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where - 答案：A - 解题思路：这是一个含有主语从句的句子，“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中有“or not”，表示“是否”，在主语从句中，表示“是否”且能与“or not”搭配的引导词是“whether”，“when”表示时间，“which”表示“哪一个”，“where”表示地点，都不符合语境，所以选A。 二、用适当的引导词填空 1. _______ will win the game is still unknown. 答案：Who。解析：“____ will win the game”是主语从句，从句中缺少表示人的主语，“谁会赢得比赛”，所以填Who。 2. _______ he left without saying goodbye made me angry. 答案：That。解析：“____ he left without saying goodbye”是主语从句，从句意思完整，用that引导。 三、翻译句子并指出主语从句部分 1. 他什么时候回来对我们的计划很重要。 答案：When he will come back is very important for our plan. 主语从句部分是“When he will come back”。 2. 她所说的可能是真的。 答案：What she said might be true. 主语从句部分是“What she said”。 主语从句考点练习题精练： 1．It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A．as B．which C．whether D．that 2．The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ______ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A．whether B．where C．that D．why 3．It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park. A．whether B．how C．if D．when 4．________ was most important to her, she told me, was to keep healthy. A．It B．This C．What D．As 5．- We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do? - No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A．who B．that C．what D．which 6． I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What 7．________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A．That B．What C．Who D．Which 8．It has been proved______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. A．if B．because C．when D．that 9．It is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over. A．since B．what C．when D．whether 10．________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A．When B．How C．What D．That 11．_____Macao has achieved shows _____"one country, two systems" principle is the best solution to the Macao and Hongkong question, left by history. A．That; what B．What; that C．What; what D．That; that 12．_____ I watch TV, I'll turn it down and never make any noise. — Good._____you are doing should never disturb others_____how important you are, never forget about how others feel. A．Whenever ; No matter what ; No matter B．Whenever; Whatever; No matter C．No matter when; No matter what; / D．No matter when; Whatever; / 13．________ Albert Einstein left behind is the most profound ideas ________ form the foundation of modern physics today. A．That; what B．That; which C．What; which D．What; that 14．It is no use _____ for your mistakes now. _____ you need to do is correct them as soon as possible. A．crying; What B．crying; That C．to cry; That D．to cry; What 15．________he told was the news__________ Lucy had achieved success，________，of course，made Lucy's parents feel very excited． A．What； that； which B．That； which； which C．What； which； what D．That； that；what 16．________John will win the competition remains a secret till next month． A．When B．That C．Whether D．What 17． ______ is surprising to us is that Tom, for ______ English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker. A．What; whom B．What; whose C．It; whose D．As; whom 18．______ the mother really doubts is______her son will join the army soon. A．That; what B．What; whether C．That; whether D．What; that 19．Thanks to advances in technology, ____________we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. A．why B．whether C．how D．where 20．_____ they won the game was ______ we had expected. A．That; which B．Whether; that C．What; that D．That; what Grammar宾语从句 一、宾语从句的用法精讲 在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 （一）判断一个句子是否是宾语从句诀窍： 首先看句子结构，在主从复合句中，如果从句在及物动词、介词或者某些形容词之后作宾语， 那这个从句很可能是宾语从句。例如，“I know (that) he is a good student.”，其中“know”是及物动词， “he is a good student”这个从句作“know”的宾语。 其次，宾语从句一般有连接词来引导，像that（可省略）、if、whether、what、who等。例如，“She asked me if I could help her.”，“if”引导的从句在“asked”这个动词后作宾语。 （二）结构： 1. 连词that, whether, if引导的宾语从句 that, whether, if在宾语从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。that无意义，可以省略；whether/if意为“是否”，不可省略。 He said (that) he would help us. 他说他会帮助我们。 I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。 We doubt whether/if he will come. 我们怀疑他是否要来。 速记口诀： 采用"缺什么用 什么"的原则,什么意义都不缺用 that,表“是否"用whether/ if。 特别提醒： doubt用法总结: ①作动词否定句:that肯定句:whether/if ②作名词一肯定句:whether 否定句:that e.g.There is no doubt that he will become confident. 毫无疑问他会变得自信. I don't doubt that you have the ability to take charge of the whole firm.我相信你有能力掌管整个公司。 2. 连接代词引导的宾语从句 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 Do you know who they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？ I don’t know whose book this is. 我不知道这是谁的书。 Pay attention to what the teacher said. 注意老师所说的话。 Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。 I will take whichever book interests me. 我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。 3. 连接副词引导的宾语从句 when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 I don’t know when we will meet again. 我不知道我们何时才能再见面。 Do you know why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到吗？ I don’t mind however late you come. 我不介意你来得多么晚。 4. it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句 ①feel, find, think, consider, believe, make等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that从句后置。（即结构：feel/find/think/consider/believe/make…+it+OC+that…） We feel it our duty that we should make our country a better place. 我们觉得使我们的国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任。 We all find it important that we should learn English well. 我们都发现学好英语是重要的。 He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。 I think it best that you should seek for a new solution to the problem. 我认为你最好寻找一个解决该问题的新办法。 ②有些动词或短语后一般不直接接宾语从句，需在宾语从句前加it作形式宾语，这类动词有hate, like, dislike, love, hide, hear, take, see to, depend on, rely on, count on, enjoy, appreciate, answer for, feel like, be fond of等。（即结构：hate/like/dislike…+it+宾语从句） I hate it when you look at me like that. 我不喜欢你看我的样子。 I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out. 出门时请务必带足够的钱。 They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。 5. 宾语从句可以跟在及物动词（短语）后面，也可以跟在某些介词后面，还可以跟在某些形容词的后面。 He says that he comes from Lianyungang. 他说他来自连云港。 We always mean what we say. 我们向来说话算话。 Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们互相之间合作得如何。 He goes to the library every day except when it is raining. 除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。 I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。 I am interested in how we use computer. 我对如何使用电脑感兴趣。 I’m sure that they will win. 我确信他们会赢。 I’m afraid that he is ill. 恐怕他病了。 6. 宾语从句的否定转移 若主句的主语为第一人称且为一般现在时，主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句的主语要与宾语从句中的主语保持一致，附加问句用肯定形式。 I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。 I don’t believe that he will keep his word. 我认为他不会守信的。 We don’t suppose that it is his fault, is it? 我们认为那不是他的过错，是不是？ 7. 复杂的特殊疑问句（又称双重疑问句） 在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其结构为：特殊疑问词+do you think+宾语从句的其他部分（用陈述语序）？常见的用于此结构的动词有think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess, hope, say等。 What do you think we will do next? 你认为我们下一步该怎么办？ Who do you guess is on duty today? 你认为今天谁值日？ How do you say they will go to Beijing? 你说他们将怎样去北京？ 8. 使用宾语从句使用诀窍： ①在宾语从句中连词that常省略，但在以下几种情况下不可以省略。在某些动词如agree, argue, hold, observe, remark, state等之后that习惯上不省略；形式宾语it后that不能省略；动词和that从句中间有插入成分时不能省略；介词后面有that不能省略；有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第一个that可以省略，其余的都不能省略。 He remarked that it was getting late. 他说天色渐晚了。 We hold that he is wrong. 我们认为他错了。 He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。 They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。 They told us once again that the situation was serious. 他们又一次告诉我们说形势很严重。 The bus is empty except that there is an old lady in it. 除了有位老太太外，那辆公共汽车是空的。 I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。 I think (that) he needs some help and that we should help him. 我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。 ②在宾语从句中连词whether, if常可互换，但在以下几种情况下不可以互换。宾语从句为否定句时，只能用if；在介词后面时，只能用whether；紧跟or not时，只能用whether；后接不定式时，只能用whether；某些动词（discuss, doubt, leave, put）后只能用whether；宾语从句位于句首时，只能用whether；在引起歧义的情况下，应用whether。 I care if he doesn’t come. 我介意他是否不来。 I’m not sure of whether it will rain. 我不能确定天是否下雨。 I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting. 我根本不关心她是否参加会议。 I haven’t decided whether to go there by bus. 我还没有决定是否做公交车去那儿。 We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan. 我们讨论是否改动我们计划。 Whether he can finish the work or not, I can’t say. 他是否能完成这项工作，我说不准。 Please let me know whether you need my help. 请让我知道你是否需要我帮忙。 ③在“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。常见的动词有：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose, recommend; demand, require, desire, request等。（即：一坚持二命令四建议四要求。） He insisted that he (should) be sent to Tibet. 他坚决要求被派往西藏。 The officer ordered that the soldiers (should) start at once. 那位军官命令战士们应该马上动身。 ④宾语从句的时态。当主句中的谓语是现在时或将来时时，从句中的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态; 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态；若从句叙述的是客观真理或事实时，从句的时态则用一般现在时。 She says that she works every day. 她说她每天工作。（从句用一般现在时） She says that she will leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 她说明天她要动身去上海。（从句用一般将来时） She says that she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从未去过峨眉山。（从句用现在完成时） He said that there were no classes yesterday. 他说昨天没有课。（从句用一般过去时） He said that he would attend a party. 他说他要参加一个聚会。（从句用过去将来时） He said that he had never been to Yunnan. 他说他从未去过云南。（从句用过去完成时） He said that the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。（客观事实，从句用一般现在时） 宾语从句精准考点宾语精练： 1) It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants. 2) I am sure that __________ he said is true. 3) I don’t doubt __________ he’ll come. 4) This depends on __________ the weather is fine. 5) I’ve heard __________ said that Princess Harly was put into prison because of illegal behavior. 6) Everyone could see, I believe, _____________ Mike was very terrified. 7) I think that you have done your best and _____________ everything will go well. 8) I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance _____________ or not you will come. 9) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge. 10) As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ___________ it takes to start a business here. 11) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ___ close you may be to victory. 12) He insisted that he _________ (be) in good health and that he _________ (send) to work there. 13) The teacher told us that light __________ (travel) much faster than sound. 14) The doctor recommended that you _______________ (not swim) after eating a large meal. 15) It is requested that all members __________________ (be) present at the meeting. Grammar表语从句  表语从句的用法精讲 定义：在句中充当表语的从句(即放在系动词后面)叫做表语从句。 一、判断一个句子是表语从句诀窍： 首先，表语从句在主从复合句中位于系动词之后，像be动词（am、is、are等）、感官系动词（feel、look、smell等）、变化系动词（become、get等）之后，对主语进行解释、说明或者描述。例如，“The problem is that we don't have enough time.”，句子中的“is”是系动词，“that we don't have enough time”是表语从句，用于说明“问题”是什么。 其次，表语从句也有连接词引导，如that、whether、as if、because等。例如，“It looks as if it's going to rain.”，“as if”引导的表语从句用于说明主语“it”（天气）呈现出的状况。 二、结构： 1、 that引导的表语从句 that为从属连词，不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，在非正式语体中that也可以省略，表示确定的陈述，位于从句句首。 My advice is that we should set off earlier. The answer is they didn’t call me Jim. 2 、 whether引导的表语从句 whether为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用，在非正式语体中是可以省略的，表示不确定的陈述，位于从句句首。     The question is whether we should accept his invitation. 3、 疑问词或连接词引导的表语从句   疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，一般不省略，表示疑问或陈述，位于从句句首。   That’s why we put off the meeting. 注1：reason后跟表语从句时，一般只用that而不用because/why引导。   eg:The reason why he came late yesterday was that he was ill at home. 4、从属连词as/as if/as though/because/why也可引导表语从句。 Things were not as they seemed to be. It looked as if it was going to rain. That’s because he didn’t work hard for the company. That’s why I asked for a week’s leave. 三、使用虚拟语气的表语从句   在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等   e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 四、常用句型： 主语+be+表语从句 ①代词+be+表语从句 It/This/That +be+表语从句 eg. This is what I want. 这就是我想要的东西。 That is because I lack money.那是因为我缺钱。 ②名词+be+表语从句 eg. Knowledge is what I long for.知识就是我渴望的东西。 The reason was that she got up late. 有改错题时：The reason was because she got up late. (because→that) =That is because she got up late. ③名词+定语从句+be+ 表语从句 eg. Knowledge that is useful is what I long for. 有用的知识就是我渴望的东西。 ④主语从句+be+表语从句 eg. What is useful is what I long for. 有用的东西就是我渴望的。 What I hope is that you can accept my invitation. 表语从句精准考点精练题： 一、单项选择 (  ) 1 —He was born here. -- That is _______ he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how   (  ) 2 That is ______ Lu Xun lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why (  ) 3 America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus. A. what B. where C. the place D. there where (  ) 4 China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be (  ) 5 ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us. A. What … that B. That … that C. What … what D. That … what (  ) 6 The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such   (  ) 7 The reason is _________ I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what   (  ) 8 The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because of   (  ) 9 Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it A. where B. there C. there where D. where there (  ) 10 The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 二、单句语法填空 1. This is                I can do for you right now. 2. The reason for his success is                he worked hard.  3. That’s                 he refused my invitation. 4. The reason why he can make his dream come true is                he has a quality of perseverance. 5. What the doctors really doubt is _________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.   6. The reason __________ she preferred city life is_________she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.    7. Teacher's development is _________ the key to better education lies.  8.This modern hotel, in_________ the visitors can enjoy the best service in the city, is _________Mary  stayed last time.   9. The question is _____ he can arrive at the hotel on time or not. 10. My suggestion is ______ we should tell him the truth.     11. The question is _______ the movie is worth watching. 12. The point is _____ much time we should spend on the task. 13. What I am trying to find out is _________ bus I should take. 14. If I am very sleep, it is _________ I stayed up all night. 15. The problem is _______ we can find him. At school or in the shopping centre? Grammar同位语从句 同位语从句的用法精讲 定义：同位语从句是对中心词具体内容的解释和说明。中心词一般是news, fact, idea, information, conclusion, problem, suggestion, evidence, belief, promise等抽象名词。 特别提醒： 分隔式/间隔式同位语从句：若主句的谓语较短，同位语从句较长，通常把同位语从句后置，从而构成分隔式/间隔式同位语从句。这时，要根据语意并仔细分析句子结构，才能做出准确判断。 When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 一、判断一个句子是同位语从句诀窍： 首先看位置，同位语从句通常紧跟在抽象名词（如fact、idea、news、hope、belief、thought等）之后，用于对这个名词的内容进行解释说明。例如，“The fact that he won the first prize made his parents very happy.”，从句“that he won the first prize”是对“fact”的具体内容的阐释。 其次看引导词，同位语从句常用that引导，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。不过也有用when、where、why、whether等引导的情况。比如，“I have no idea when he will come 二、用法 1、 that引导的同位语从句   that为从属连词，引导同位语从句时，that不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略， 表示确定的陈述。    eg: The news that they won the match is true. 2、  whether引导的同位语从句 whether为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略，表示不确定的陈述。 eg: The question whether it is right or wrong depends on situation. He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents. 3、疑问词或连接词引导的同位语从句  疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，一般不省略，表示疑问或陈述。 eg: I have no idea what has happened to him.      三、常见的同位语从句高级句型   (1) There is no denying that + 主语 + 谓语……(不可否认的……)    e.g. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. (2) There is no doubt that 从句(毫无疑问的……)    e.g. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 注意： There is some doubt+ when/whether/what/where/who…不可以用that 四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别 (1)从句的作用不同： ①定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 ②同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略. e.g. We expressed the hope that they had expressed. (定语从句)      We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. (同位语从句) (2)被修饰的词不同： ①定语从句的先行词是任何名词都可以； ②同位语从句的中心词只能是抽象名词（无法用化学符号表示），常见 news, truth, fact, idea, information, conclusion, problem, suggestion, evidence, belief, promise等。 (3)引导词不同： 定语从句的引导词没有 what, how, whether等，而且that充当从句的成分；同位语从句可以用 what, how, whether等，同事that不充当从句的成分。 Eg. I know the man that is under the tree.(定语从句) I have a question whether the future will be better. We heard the news that our team had won． 同位语从句精准考点精练题： 一、单项选择 1. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant．There is too much work to do. A．whether       B．that          C．which       D．what 2. Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3. I have no idea____________Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday, which is one of his favourite universities. A. what B. which C. that D. why 4. There is some doubt____________Chinese women volleyball team will win the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games. A. how         B. that         C. whether        D. this 5. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear_________ he would die of the disease.      A. who         B. that         C. whether        D. where 6. A problem has occurred _________we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas. A. whom         B. what         C. whether        D. where 7. With your help, there is no doubt _________ our plan is meant for what will work out successfully.     A. who         B. that         C. whether        D. where 8. The news came, as expected, _________ my cousin was chosen to be a foreign aid doctor to go to Africa where people are suffering a lot from aids. A. if               B. that                C. whether         D. how 9. She held a strong belief _____ the education her son received would enable him to be a useful man. A. that          B. what             C. how              D. which 10. We still have some doubt _________ they can complete the task on time. A. if               B. that                C. whether         D. who 二、单句语法填空 1.Recently, a new research has suggested the possibility in a popular magazine ________ pleasant smells might reduce pain. 2. They expressed the hope _________ they would come over to visit China again. 3. I have no idea ________the boy is doing in the next room now. 4.The question ________ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question ________we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. 6. The news ________ Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. 7. I have no idea ________ they were able to get it done in so short a time. 8. When you are in bed, please set aside the thought          you have to fall asleep. 9. You have no idea anxious I have been for her safety. 10. He worked very hard. It’s no wonder ______ he got the first prize. ( 8 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成和用法 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、构成 引导词: 连接词：that（无意义，在从句中不作成分）、if、whether（“是否”的意思，在从句中不作成分）。 连接代词：what、who、whom、which、whose等（在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语）。 连接副词：when、where、why、how（在从句中作状语）。 语序：要用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 二、用法 主语从句 定义：在复合句中作主语的从句。例如：That he will come is certain.（“That he will come”是主语从句，在句中作主语，表示“他要来”这件事是确定的）。 注意：为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，把主语从句放在后面。比如：It's a pity that you missed the party.（真正的主语是“that you missed the party”）。 宾语从句 定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句。例如：I think (that) you are right. （“that you are right”是宾语从句，作think的宾语）。 位置：在及物动词、介词或某些形容词（如sure、glad等）后。 表语从句 定义：在复合句中作表语的从句，位于系动词之后。 例如：The problem is who can help us.（“who can help us”是表语从句，跟在系动词is之后， 说明问题是“谁能帮助我们”）。 同位语从句 定义：用于解释说明前面某一名词的内容。 例如：The news that our team won the game made us excited. （“that our team won the game”是同位语从句，用来解释说明news的内容， 即“我们队赢了比赛”这个消息）。 特点：常跟同位语从句的名词有news、fact、idea、promise等。 Grammar主语从句 主语从句的用法精讲： 一、主语从句 1、定义：在复合句中充当主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句可以直接放在句首， 也可以用形式主语it代替,将主语从句放在句末。 2、判断一个句子是否是主语从句的诀窍： 首先，看句子结构。如果一个从句在复合句中充当主语，那它就是主语从句。例如在句子 “What he said is very important.”中，“What he said”这个从句在整个句子中作主语，所以它是主语从句。 其次，观察从句位置。主语从句通常位于句首，但有时为了避免句子头重脚轻，会用it作形式主语， 将主语从句后置。像“It's a pity that you can't come.”这里真正的主语是“that you can't come”，它是主语从句，被后置了，而it是形式主语。 最后，留意引导词。主语从句常由一些特定的引导词引导，如that（无实际意义）、whether（是否）、 what（……的事物）、who（谁）、when（什么时候）、where（什么地方）、why（为什么）、how（怎样）等。看到这些引导词引导的从句在句首作主语或者在形式主语it后作真正主语，就可以判断是主语从句。 例如“Whether we will have a picnic depends on the weather.”中“Whether we will have a picnic” 就是主语从句。 二、主语从句的结构 1、主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that, whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that 无实义，whether表示“是否” 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever 等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when, where, how, why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 主语从句中选择连接词的方法： （1)根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分。 (2)根据连接词在从句中的意义。 2、it作形式主语 为了保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It+系动词+形容词+主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有 important，(un）likely，possible, necessary, natural, wrong等。 It+系动词+名词+主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact, idea, honour, question, pity等 It+系动词+过去分词+主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词，有known, proved, said, decided, suggested, thought等 It+不及物动词+主语从句 常用于此句型的动词有appear, happen, seem, occur, matter等。 【特别提醒】 （1）在“It+ be+过去分词+主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等， 主语从句中的谓语用“(should）do”。 (2）在“It+ be+形容词+主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 二、主语从句中应注意的问题 1、从句要用陈述语序 2、主谓一致 （1）从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 what 引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 (2) 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数； 由两个或多个连接词 引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 3、单个主语从句作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式 that引导的主语从句:that在从句中不作任何成分,没有词义,只起连接作用,且不能省略 (1)that置于句首的主语从句。 e.g.That the college will take in more students is true. 这所大学要招收更多的新生是真的。 (2) it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句后置。 ①It+be+adj.+that 从句。 It's obvious that they badly need help.很明显,他们急需援助。 ②It+be+名词(短语)+that从句。 order, e.g.It is a pity that you missed the film. 你没看这部电影太可惜了. ③It+be+过去分词+that从句,常用句型如下: It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道.… It is suggested that...据建议…… It is well-known that... 众所周知 It is hoped that...人们希望.… e.g.It is suggested that we should set out at dawn.据建议我们应该黎明时出发。 It is reported that the supplies will be delivered to the area tomorrow. 据报道补给品明天会运往该地区。 It is said that no one will be interested in buying such an expensive car. 据说没人有兴趣买这样一辆昂贵的车。 ④It+不及物动词(短语)+that 从句,常用于此句式的动词(短语)有 形式主 seem, appear,matter(有关系),happen(碰巧),occur to sb.(某人突然想到),turn out(结果是)等。 e.g.It seems that he has seen the film. 似乎他已经看过这部电影了。 It happened that the two cheats were there.碰巧这两个骗子在那里。 It turned out that he was the one who made the mistake 主语从句精准考点练习题精讲： 1. _______ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 答案：C。解析：“____ you don't like him”是主语从句，从句意思完整，不缺成分，用that引导，在句中无实际意义。 2. It remains a mystery _______ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids. A. how B. that C. which D. what 答案：A。解析：这里it是形式主语，真正的主语从句是“____ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids”，从句中缺少方式状语，意思是“古埃及人是怎样建造金字塔的”，所以用how。 3. _______ has caused this severe accident is still a mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 答案：A。解析：“____ has caused this severe accident”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，“什么导致了这场严重的事故”，用what。 4、_______ makes this book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which - 答案：B - 解题思路：分析句子结构，“_______ makes this book so extraordinary”是主语从句，在这个从句中，缺少一个表示“什么”的词作主语，因为从句的谓语动词是“makes”，需要一个能充当主语的成分。“that”在主语从句中无实际意义，且不能充当成分；“who”表示人，不符合题意；“which”表示“哪一个”，也不符合语境。而“what”有“……的东西/事情”的意思，可以在从句中充当主语，所以应该选B。 5、It is still under discussion _______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where - 答案：A - 解题思路：这是一个含有主语从句的句子，“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中有“or not”，表示“是否”，在主语从句中，表示“是否”且能与“or not”搭配的引导词是“whether”，“when”表示时间，“which”表示“哪一个”，“where”表示地点，都不符合语境，所以选A。 二、用适当的引导词填空 1. _______ will win the game is still unknown. 答案：Who。解析：“____ will win the game”是主语从句，从句中缺少表示人的主语，“谁会赢得比赛”，所以填Who。 2. _______ he left without saying goodbye made me angry. 答案：That。解析：“____ he left without saying goodbye”是主语从句，从句意思完整，用that引导。 三、翻译句子并指出主语从句部分 1. 他什么时候回来对我们的计划很重要。 答案：When he will come back is very important for our plan. 主语从句部分是“When he will come back”。 2. 她所说的可能是真的。 答案：What she said might be true. 主语从句部分是“What she said”。 主语从句考点练习题精练： 1．It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A．as B．which C．whether D．that 2．The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ______ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A．whether B．where C．that D．why 3．It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park. A．whether B．how C．if D．when 4．________ was most important to her, she told me, was to keep healthy. A．It B．This C．What D．As 5．- We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do? - No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A．who B．that C．what D．which 6． I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What 7．________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A．That B．What C．Who D．Which 8．It has been proved______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. A．if B．because C．when D．that 9．It is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over. A．since B．what C．when D．whether 10．________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A．When B．How C．What D．That 11．_____Macao has achieved shows _____"one country, two systems" principle is the best solution to the Macao and Hongkong question, left by history. A．That; what B．What; that C．What; what D．That; that 12．_____ I watch TV, I'll turn it down and never make any noise. — Good._____you are doing should never disturb others_____how important you are, never forget about how others feel. A．Whenever ; No matter what ; No matter B．Whenever; Whatever; No matter C．No matter when; No matter what; / D．No matter when; Whatever; / 13．________ Albert Einstein left behind is the most profound ideas ________ form the foundation of modern physics today. A．That; what B．That; which C．What; which D．What; that 14．It is no use _____ for your mistakes now. _____ you need to do is correct them as soon as possible. A．crying; What B．crying; That C．to cry; That D．to cry; What 15．________he told was the news__________ Lucy had achieved success，________，of course，made Lucy's parents feel very excited． A．What； that； which B．That； which； which C．What； which； what D．That； that；what 16．________John will win the competition remains a secret till next month． A．When B．That C．Whether D．What 17． ______ is surprising to us is that Tom, for ______ English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker. A．What; whom B．What; whose C．It; whose D．As; whom 18．______ the mother really doubts is______her son will join the army soon. A．That; what B．What; whether C．That; whether D．What; that 19．Thanks to advances in technology, ____________we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. A．why B．whether C．how D．where 20．_____ they won the game was ______ we had expected. A．That; which B．Whether; that C．What; that D．That; what 主语从句考点练习题精练：答案 1．D 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：对学生们来说很明显，他们应该为将来做好充分的准备。本题中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的they should get well prepared for their future句子成分齐全，所以使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故D正确。 2．A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一般来说，一个人的智力极限在出生时是固定的，但他是否达到这些极限将取决于他所处的环境。A. whether是否；B. where引导名词性从句时，做地点状语；C. that引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用、无实意；D. why引导名词性从句时，做原因状语。通过分析可知，此处是主语从句，且引导词在从句中不作任何成分，但有实际意义，表示“是否”，应该用whether。故选A。 3．A 【解析】考查名词性从句。主语从句，it做形式主语。因为从句的部分是选择性的一般疑问句，所以选择whether。 句意：在十字路口，你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系——两条路都到公园。 4．C 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：她告诉我说于她而言最重要的是保持健康。she told me是插入语，不影响整个句式的表达，句子中的谓语是（was to keep healthy），空格处表示“所……的”，在主语从句中作主语，用what。故选C。 5．C 【解析】此处what I am looking for是主语从句，what在主语从句中作for的宾语。句意：我正在找的是比这更大、更结实的书柜。 【考点定位】考查名词性从句的连接词。 6．D 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：“我想告诉你的是我深爱我的父母并很尊重他们。”名词性从句的连词选用规则是：根据意思，缺什么就填什么，什么都不缺就填that。我们必须特别关注what所引导的名词性从句，what引导名词性时，必须在句中担当主、宾、表等成分，意思是“……的事或东西”，一般也不能用逗号和主句分割开来，插入语除外。我们还要关注whatever与what的区别，前者有两个意思——无论什么或anything that…（任何东西），而后者只表示“……的事或东西”；whatever与no matter what的区别在于前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导状语从句，而后者只能引导状语从句。其他配对词的用法也是类似的。故选D。 7．B 【详解】考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：让这本书出色的地方是作者富有创造力的想象。is之前为主语从句，主语从句中缺主语，指的是事物，用what，故选B。 8．D 【详解】考查that引导的主语从句。句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是eating vegetables in …life,从句部分是一个完整的陈述句，不缺句子成分。所以应用that引导这个主语从句。故选D。 9．D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：金融危机是否会结束现在还不清楚。A.since自从……以来；B.what什么；……的；C.when当……的时候；D.whether是否。此题中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句主系表齐全，根据语境，表示“是否”。应选D。 10．C 【解析】试题分析：考查名词性从句。此处you said 需要宾语。describes a bright future for the company需要主语，只有what能满足要求。句意：你会上所说的话是对公司发展前景的一个很好的描述。 【名师点睛】考查名词性从句的连接词要学会分析句子成分。如果主语从句缺少主宾表，用what连接主语从句，如果不缺成分，用that连接，引导主语从句的that在从句中不做成分，只起到连接的作用 11．B 【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：澳门取得的成就表明，“一国两制”原则是解决历史遗留下来的澳门和香港问题的最好办法。分析句子可知，_____Macao has achieved为主语从句，从句中achieve缺少宾语，所以第一个空用what来充当宾语。再分析句子可知，shows后接宾语从句，从句句意和结构完成，所以第二个空应填连接词that。故选B项。 12．B 【详解】考查让步状语从句和主语从句。句意：—无论我什么时间看电视，我都会把声音调低一点，从不发出任何噪音。—很好，无论你做什么，都不要打扰别人。不管你有多重要，永远不要忘记别人的感受。首先看第一个空，根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为让步状语从句，表示“无论何时”我看电视，都会调低声音，故应用Whenever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论何时”，相当于No matter when。再看第二空，根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为主语从句，“_____ you are doing”在句中作主语，从句中缺少are doing的宾语，表示无论做什么事，故用Whatever来引导主语从句，意为“任何事情”，相当于anything what。再看第三个空，根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为让步状语从句，表示“不管多么重要”，故应用No matter how引导让步状语从句，意为“不管多么”，相当于however。故选B项。 13．D 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦遗留下的是构成今天现代物理学理论基础的最深刻的思想。分析句子结构可知，“________ Albert Einstein left behind”在句中作主语，是主语从句，主语从句中缺失宾语，根据句意表达的是“什么事物”的意思，需用连接代词what引导，“________ form the foundation of modern physics today.”在句中作定语，是定语从句，修饰先行词ideas，先行词ideas在定语从句中作主语，指物，而且由the most修饰，需用关系代词that引导。故选D。 14．A 【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。句意：现在为你的错误哭泣是没有用的。你需要做的是尽快纠正它们。It is no use doing sth.做某事是没有用的，该句型是固定句型；_____ you need to do是一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“你需要做的事情”，用what引导该从句。故选A。 15．A 【详解】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：他所讲的是露西取得成功的消息，这当然使露西的父母感到非常兴奋。分析句子成分可知was前面是一个主语从句，从句缺主语，指物，所以用what引导（that引导主语从句不做成分）；第二个空是一个同位语从句，解释说明名词news。从句不缺成分，且句意完整，所以用that引导（which引导表语从句在句中做主语宾语或者表语）；第三个空是一个非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为news，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以which合适（what不引导定语从句）。故选A。 16．C 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：约翰是否会赢得比赛直到下个月才知道。分析句子可知remain前面是一个主语从句，从句不缺成分，排除D；结合语境，设空处有“是否”的含义，whether意为“是否”。故选C。 17．A 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：让我们惊讶的是，汤姆对他来说英语曾经是枯燥的，现在可以流利的说英语好像是英国本土的人。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句，和一个非限制性定语从句。且引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示“什么”的含义，故用what。介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，定语从句的主语是English，这里表示“对于某人来说”，需要for的宾语，指人只能用whom。故选A。 18．B 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：妈妈真正担心的是将来她的儿子是否能参军。主语从句______ the mother really doubts中缺少宾语，为“……的事”，故填what；表语从句her son will join the army soon.中不缺成分，意思为“是否”，故填whether，故选B。 19．C 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：感谢科技的进步，我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式也发生了重大变化。分析句子结构可知，________we make friends and communicate with them是一个主语从句，此句结构完整，不缺成分，由语意可知，此处指我们交朋友和与朋友的交流的方式，应有how引导此从句，表方式。故选C项。 20．D 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：他们赢得比赛是我们所期待的事情。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导一个主语从句，从句“ they won the game”结构、意义完整，应使用that引导；第二空引导一个表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“期待的事情”，应使用what引导，故选D项。 Grammar宾语从句 一、宾语从句的用法精讲 在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 （一）判断一个句子是否是宾语从句诀窍： 首先看句子结构，在主从复合句中，如果从句在及物动词、介词或者某些形容词之后作宾语， 那这个从句很可能是宾语从句。例如，“I know (that) he is a good student.”，其中“know”是及物动词， “he is a good student”这个从句作“know”的宾语。 其次，宾语从句一般有连接词来引导，像that（可省略）、if、whether、what、who等。例如，“She asked me if I could help her.”，“if”引导的从句在“asked”这个动词后作宾语。 （二）结构： 1. 连词that, whether, if引导的宾语从句 that, whether, if在宾语从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。that无意义，可以省略；whether/if意为“是否”，不可省略。 He said (that) he would help us. 他说他会帮助我们。 I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。 We doubt whether/if he will come. 我们怀疑他是否要来。 速记口诀： 采用"缺什么用 什么"的原则,什么意义都不缺用 that,表“是否"用whether/ if。 特别提醒： doubt用法总结: ①作动词否定句:that肯定句:whether/if ②作名词一肯定句:whether 否定句:that e.g.There is no doubt that he will become confident. 毫无疑问他会变得自信. I don't doubt that you have the ability to take charge of the whole firm.我相信你有能力掌管整个公司。 2. 连接代词引导的宾语从句 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 Do you know who they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？ I don’t know whose book this is. 我不知道这是谁的书。 Pay attention to what the teacher said. 注意老师所说的话。 Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。 I will take whichever book interests me. 我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。 3. 连接副词引导的宾语从句 when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 I don’t know when we will meet again. 我不知道我们何时才能再见面。 Do you know why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到吗？ I don’t mind however late you come. 我不介意你来得多么晚。 4. it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句 ①feel, find, think, consider, believe, make等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that从句后置。（即结构：feel/find/think/consider/believe/make…+it+OC+that…） We feel it our duty that we should make our country a better place. 我们觉得使我们的国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任。 We all find it important that we should learn English well. 我们都发现学好英语是重要的。 He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。 I think it best that you should seek for a new solution to the problem. 我认为你最好寻找一个解决该问题的新办法。 ②有些动词或短语后一般不直接接宾语从句，需在宾语从句前加it作形式宾语，这类动词有hate, like, dislike, love, hide, hear, take, see to, depend on, rely on, count on, enjoy, appreciate, answer for, feel like, be fond of等。（即结构：hate/like/dislike…+it+宾语从句） I hate it when you look at me like that. 我不喜欢你看我的样子。 I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out. 出门时请务必带足够的钱。 They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。 5. 宾语从句可以跟在及物动词（短语）后面，也可以跟在某些介词后面，还可以跟在某些形容词的后面。 He says that he comes from Lianyungang. 他说他来自连云港。 We always mean what we say. 我们向来说话算话。 Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们互相之间合作得如何。 He goes to the library every day except when it is raining. 除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。 I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。 I am interested in how we use computer. 我对如何使用电脑感兴趣。 I’m sure that they will win. 我确信他们会赢。 I’m afraid that he is ill. 恐怕他病了。 6. 宾语从句的否定转移 若主句的主语为第一人称且为一般现在时，主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句的主语要与宾语从句中的主语保持一致，附加问句用肯定形式。 I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。 I don’t believe that he will keep his word. 我认为他不会守信的。 We don’t suppose that it is his fault, is it? 我们认为那不是他的过错，是不是？ 7. 复杂的特殊疑问句（又称双重疑问句） 在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其结构为：特殊疑问词+do you think+宾语从句的其他部分（用陈述语序）？常见的用于此结构的动词有think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess, hope, say等。 What do you think we will do next? 你认为我们下一步该怎么办？ Who do you guess is on duty today? 你认为今天谁值日？ How do you say they will go to Beijing? 你说他们将怎样去北京？ 8. 使用宾语从句使用诀窍： ①在宾语从句中连词that常省略，但在以下几种情况下不可以省略。在某些动词如agree, argue, hold, observe, remark, state等之后that习惯上不省略；形式宾语it后that不能省略；动词和that从句中间有插入成分时不能省略；介词后面有that不能省略；有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第一个that可以省略，其余的都不能省略。 He remarked that it was getting late. 他说天色渐晚了。 We hold that he is wrong. 我们认为他错了。 He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。 They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。 They told us once again that the situation was serious. 他们又一次告诉我们说形势很严重。 The bus is empty except that there is an old lady in it. 除了有位老太太外，那辆公共汽车是空的。 I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。 I think (that) he needs some help and that we should help him. 我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。 ②在宾语从句中连词whether, if常可互换，但在以下几种情况下不可以互换。宾语从句为否定句时，只能用if；在介词后面时，只能用whether；紧跟or not时，只能用whether；后接不定式时，只能用whether；某些动词（discuss, doubt, leave, put）后只能用whether；宾语从句位于句首时，只能用whether；在引起歧义的情况下，应用whether。 I care if he doesn’t come. 我介意他是否不来。 I’m not sure of whether it will rain. 我不能确定天是否下雨。 I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting. 我根本不关心她是否参加会议。 I haven’t decided whether to go there by bus. 我还没有决定是否做公交车去那儿。 We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan. 我们讨论是否改动我们计划。 Whether he can finish the work or not, I can’t say. 他是否能完成这项工作，我说不准。 Please let me know whether you need my help. 请让我知道你是否需要我帮忙。 ③在“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。常见的动词有：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose, recommend; demand, require, desire, request等。（即：一坚持二命令四建议四要求。） He insisted that he (should) be sent to Tibet. 他坚决要求被派往西藏。 The officer ordered that the soldiers (should) start at once. 那位军官命令战士们应该马上动身。 ④宾语从句的时态。当主句中的谓语是现在时或将来时时，从句中的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态; 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态；若从句叙述的是客观真理或事实时，从句的时态则用一般现在时。 She says that she works every day. 她说她每天工作。（从句用一般现在时） She says that she will leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 她说明天她要动身去上海。（从句用一般将来时） She says that she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从未去过峨眉山。（从句用现在完成时） He said that there were no classes yesterday. 他说昨天没有课。（从句用一般过去时） He said that he would attend a party. 他说他要参加一个聚会。（从句用过去将来时） He said that he had never been to Yunnan. 他说他从未去过云南。（从句用过去完成时） He said that the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。（客观事实，从句用一般现在时） 宾语从句精准考点宾语精练： 1) It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants. 2) I am sure that __________ he said is true. 3) I don’t doubt __________ he’ll come. 4) This depends on __________ the weather is fine. 5) I’ve heard __________ said that Princess Harly was put into prison because of illegal behavior. 6) Everyone could see, I believe, _____________ Mike was very terrified. 7) I think that you have done your best and _____________ everything will go well. 8) I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance _____________ or not you will come. 9) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge. 10) As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ___________ it takes to start a business here. 11) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ___ close you may be to victory. 12) He insisted that he _________ (be) in good health and that he _________ (send) to work there. 13) The teacher told us that light __________ (travel) much faster than sound. 14) The doctor recommended that you _______________ (not swim) after eating a large meal. 15) It is requested that all members __________________ (be) present at the meeting. 宾语从句精准考点宾语精练： 答案和解析： 1.whatever “give a child...” 后面需要一个引导词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作 wants 的宾语，表示 “无论什么”，所以用 whatever。 2.whatever “...he said” 缺少宾语，在从句中作 said 的宾语，同时有 “无论什么” 之意，故填 whatever。 3.that “doubt” 用于否定句时，后面的宾语从句用 that 引导，此处表达 “我不怀疑他会来”，所以填 that。 4.whether “depends on” 后面接宾语从句，表示 “取决于天气是否好”，用 whether 引导，表示 “是否” 的意思。 5.it “hear it said that...” 是固定结构，意思是 “听说……”，it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 that 从句。 6.that “see” 后面是一个宾语从句，从句意思完整，不缺成分，用 that 引导起连接作用。 7.that “think” 后面接两个并列的宾语从句，第二个 that 不能省略，用来引导后面 “everything will go well” 这个从句。 8.whether “whether or not” 是固定搭配，用于表示 “是否”，引导宾语从句，符合语境。 9.what “half of...” 后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少 charge 的宾语，指 “过去收取的费用”，用 what 引导。 10.what “know” 后面的宾语从句中缺少 takes 的宾语，表达 “…… 所需要的东西”，用 what 引导。 11.how “tell” 后面的宾语从句中修饰形容词 close，用 how 引导，表示 “多么”，即 “你永远不知道你离胜利有多近”。 12.was; (should) be sent “insisted” 表示 “坚持要求” 时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用 “(should) + 动词原形” 形式；第一个空是描述客观事实 “他身体好”，用一般过去时 was；第二个空表示 “坚持要求被派去工作”，用 (should) be sent。 13.travels 虽然主句是一般过去时 “told”，但从句描述的是客观真理 “光比声音传播得快”，要用一般现在时，主语 light 是第三人称单数，所以填 travels。 14.(should) not swim “recommend” 表示 “建议”，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用 “(should) + 动词原形”，其否定形式就是 (should) not swim。 15、(should) be“request” 表示 “要求”，其主语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用 “(should) + 动词原形”，所以填 (should) be。 Grammar表语从句  表语从句的用法精讲 定义：在句中充当表语的从句(即放在系动词后面)叫做表语从句。 一、判断一个句子是表语从句诀窍： 首先，表语从句在主从复合句中位于系动词之后，像be动词（am、is、are等）、感官系动词（feel、look、smell等）、变化系动词（become、get等）之后，对主语进行解释、说明或者描述。例如，“The problem is that we don't have enough time.”，句子中的“is”是系动词，“that we don't have enough time”是表语从句，用于说明“问题”是什么。 其次，表语从句也有连接词引导，如that、whether、as if、because等。例如，“It looks as if it's going to rain.”，“as if”引导的表语从句用于说明主语“it”（天气）呈现出的状况。 二、结构： 1、 that引导的表语从句 that为从属连词，不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，在非正式语体中that也可以省略，表示确定的陈述，位于从句句首。 My advice is that we should set off earlier. The answer is they didn’t call me Jim. 2 、 whether引导的表语从句 whether为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用，在非正式语体中是可以省略的，表示不确定的陈述，位于从句句首。     The question is whether we should accept his invitation. 3、 疑问词或连接词引导的表语从句   疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，一般不省略，表示疑问或陈述，位于从句句首。   That’s why we put off the meeting. 注1：reason后跟表语从句时，一般只用that而不用because/why引导。   eg:The reason why he came late yesterday was that he was ill at home. 4、从属连词as/as if/as though/because/why也可引导表语从句。 Things were not as they seemed to be. It looked as if it was going to rain. That’s because he didn’t work hard for the company. That’s why I asked for a week’s leave. 三、使用虚拟语气的表语从句   在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等   e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 四、常用句型： 主语+be+表语从句 ①代词+be+表语从句 It/This/That +be+表语从句 eg. This is what I want. 这就是我想要的东西。 That is because I lack money.那是因为我缺钱。 ②名词+be+表语从句 eg. Knowledge is what I long for.知识就是我渴望的东西。 The reason was that she got up late. 有改错题时：The reason was because she got up late. (because→that) =That is because she got up late. ③名词+定语从句+be+ 表语从句 eg. Knowledge that is useful is what I long for. 有用的知识就是我渴望的东西。 ④主语从句+be+表语从句 eg. What is useful is what I long for. 有用的东西就是我渴望的。 What I hope is that you can accept my invitation. 表语从句精准考点精练题： 一、单项选择 (  ) 1 —He was born here. -- That is _______ he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how   (  ) 2 That is ______ Lu Xun lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why (  ) 3 America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus. A. what B. where C. the place D. there where (  ) 4 China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be (  ) 5 ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us. A. What … that B. That … that C. What … what D. That … what (  ) 6 The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such   (  ) 7 The reason is _________ I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what   (  ) 8 The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because of   (  ) 9 Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it A. where B. there C. there where D. where there (  ) 10 The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 二、单句语法填空 1. This is                I can do for you right now. 2. The reason for his success is                he worked hard.  3. That’s                 he refused my invitation. 4. The reason why he can make his dream come true is                he has a quality of perseverance. 5. What the doctors really doubt is _________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.   6. The reason __________ she preferred city life is_________she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.    7. Teacher's development is _________ the key to better education lies.  8.This modern hotel, in_________ the visitors can enjoy the best service in the city, is _________Mary  stayed last time.   9. The question is _____ he can arrive at the hotel on time or not. 10. My suggestion is ______ we should tell him the truth.     11. The question is _______ the movie is worth watching. 12. The point is _____ much time we should spend on the task. 13. What I am trying to find out is _________ bus I should take. 14. If I am very sleep, it is _________ I stayed up all night. 15. The problem is _______ we can find him. At school or in the shopping centre? 答案和解析： 一、1-5 CBAAA 6-10 CABAD 二、1. what 2. that 3. why 4. that 5. whether 6. why; that 7. where 8. which；where 9. whether 10. that 11. whether 12. how 13. which 14. because 15. where、 1、答案：C 解析：“That is...” 后面是表语从句，根据前面 “He was born here.” 说明原因，所以用 why 引导表语从句，表达 “那就是他如此喜欢这个地方的原因”，选 C。 2、答案：B 解析：“That is...” 后接表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “鲁迅住的地方”，用 where 引导，选 B。 3、答案：A 解析：“America was...” 后面的表语从句中缺少主语，what 可以引导表语从句且在从句中充当主语等成分，表示 “…… 的地方 / 事物” 等意思，此处表示 “美国就是当初被哥伦布最初称作‘印度’的（地方）”，选 A。 4、答案：A 解析：“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”，be used to doing sth. 表示 “习惯于做某事”，这里表达 “它不再是过去的样子了”，用 what 引导表语从句且在从句中作 be 的表语，用 used to be，选 A。 5、答案：A 解析：第一个空 “...he really means” 缺少宾语，用 what 引导主语从句，作 means 的宾语；第二个空 “...he disagrees with us” 是完整的句子，用 that 引导表语从句，起连接作用，选 A。 6、答案：C 解析：“The energy is...” 后面的表语从句中缺少主语，what 可以在表语从句中充当主语，表示 “…… 的东西 / 事物”，此处表示 “能量就是使细胞能够工作的（东西）”，选 C。 7、答案：A 解析：“The reason is...” 后面用 that 引导表语从句，说明原因的具体内容，“the reason” 和 “that 引导的表语从句” 内容是等同的，选 A。 8、答案：B 解析：“The reason why...is that...” 是固定句型，用 that 引导表语从句来说明原因，选 B，because 等词不能用于这种结构中与 “the reason” 搭配引导表语从句。 9、答案：A 解析：“It's...” 后面是表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “它在你放它的地方”，用 where 引导，选 A，there 不能引导表语从句，C、D 选项表述错误。 10、答案：D 解析：“The question is...” 后面表语从句中表示 “是否”，引导词要用 whether，if 不能引导表语从句，所以选 D。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1、答案：what 解析：“This is...” 后接表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指 “我现在能为你做的事情”，用 what 引导。 2、答案：that 解析：“The reason for...is...” 后面用 that 引导表语从句，说明原因的具体内容，符合 “the reason...is that...” 的结构。 3、答案：why 解析：“That's...” 后接表语从句，结合语境表达 “那就是他拒绝我邀请的原因”，用 why 引导表语从句。 4、答案：that 解析：“The reason why...is...” 结构中用 that 引导表语从句来说明原因，即 “他能实现梦想的原因是……”。 5、答案：whether 解析：“doubt” 在肯定句中后接 whether 引导的宾语从句（此处作表语从句的一部分），表示 “怀疑是否……”，所以填 whether。 6、答案：why; that 解析：第一个空 “the reason” 后接定语从句，关系副词用 why 引导，修饰先行词 “the reason”；第二个空 “is” 后面用 that 引导表语从句说明原因的具体内容。 7、答案：where 解析：“is” 后面表语从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “教师的发展是更好教育的关键所在之处”，用 where 引导。 8、答案：which; where 解析：第一个空 “in which” 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 “hotel”；第二个空 “is” 后面是表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “玛丽上次待的地方”，用 where 引导。 9、答案：whether 解析：“The question is...” 后表语从句中有 “or not”，与之搭配用 whether 引导，表示 “是否”。 10、答案：that 解析：“My suggestion is...” 后接表语从句，从句意思完整，用 that 引导起连接作用。 11、答案：whether 解析：“The question is...” 后表语从句表示 “是否”，用 whether 引导，此处表达 “这部电影是否值得看”。 12、答案：how 解析：“The point is...” 后表语从句中缺少修饰 “much time” 的方式状语，表达 “我们应该在这项任务上花多少时间”，用 how 引导。 13、答案：which 解析：“What I am trying to find out is...” 后表语从句中缺少 “bus” 的限定词，表达 “哪一辆公交车”，用 which 引导。 14、答案：because 解析：“It is...” 后接表语从句，此处用 because 引导来解释原因，即 “因为我熬了一整夜”。 15、答案：where 解析：“The problem is...” 后表语从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “我们能在哪里找到他”，用 where 引导。 Grammar同位语从句 同位语从句的用法精讲 定义：同位语从句是对中心词具体内容的解释和说明。中心词一般是news, fact, idea, information, conclusion, problem, suggestion, evidence, belief, promise等抽象名词。 特别提醒： 分隔式/间隔式同位语从句：若主句的谓语较短，同位语从句较长，通常把同位语从句后置，从而构成分隔式/间隔式同位语从句。这时，要根据语意并仔细分析句子结构，才能做出准确判断。 When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 一、判断一个句子是同位语从句诀窍： 首先看位置，同位语从句通常紧跟在抽象名词（如fact、idea、news、hope、belief、thought等）之后，用于对这个名词的内容进行解释说明。例如，“The fact that he won the first prize made his parents very happy.”，从句“that he won the first prize”是对“fact”的具体内容的阐释。 其次看引导词，同位语从句常用that引导，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。不过也有用when、where、why、whether等引导的情况。比如，“I have no idea when he will come 二、用法 1、 that引导的同位语从句   that为从属连词，引导同位语从句时，that不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略， 表示确定的陈述。    eg: The news that they won the match is true. 2、  whether引导的同位语从句 whether为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略，表示不确定的陈述。 eg: The question whether it is right or wrong depends on situation. He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents. 3、疑问词或连接词引导的同位语从句  疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，一般不省略，表示疑问或陈述。 eg: I have no idea what has happened to him.      三、常见的同位语从句高级句型   (1) There is no denying that + 主语 + 谓语……(不可否认的……)    e.g. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. (2) There is no doubt that 从句(毫无疑问的……)    e.g. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 注意： There is some doubt+ when/whether/what/where/who…不可以用that 四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别 (1)从句的作用不同： ①定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 ②同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略. e.g. We expressed the hope that they had expressed. (定语从句)      We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. (同位语从句) (2)被修饰的词不同： ①定语从句的先行词是任何名词都可以； ②同位语从句的中心词只能是抽象名词（无法用化学符号表示），常见 news, truth, fact, idea, information, conclusion, problem, suggestion, evidence, belief, promise等。 (3)引导词不同： 定语从句的引导词没有 what, how, whether等，而且that充当从句的成分；同位语从句可以用 what, how, whether等，同事that不充当从句的成分。 Eg. I know the man that is under the tree.(定语从句) I have a question whether the future will be better. We heard the news that our team had won． 同位语从句精准考点精练题： 一、单项选择 1. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant．There is too much work to do. A．whether       B．that          C．which       D．what 2. Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3. I have no idea____________Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday, which is one of his favourite universities. A. what B. which C. that D. why 4. There is some doubt____________Chinese women volleyball team will win the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games. A. how         B. that         C. whether        D. this 5. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear_________ he would die of the disease.      A. who         B. that         C. whether        D. where 6. A problem has occurred _________we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas. A. whom         B. what         C. whether        D. where 7. With your help, there is no doubt _________ our plan is meant for what will work out successfully.     A. who         B. that         C. whether        D. where 8. The news came, as expected, _________ my cousin was chosen to be a foreign aid doctor to go to Africa where people are suffering a lot from aids. A. if               B. that                C. whether         D. how 9. She held a strong belief _____ the education her son received would enable him to be a useful man. A. that          B. what             C. how              D. which 10. We still have some doubt _________ they can complete the task on time. A. if               B. that                C. whether         D. who 二、单句语法填空 1.Recently, a new research has suggested the possibility in a popular magazine ________ pleasant smells might reduce pain. 2. They expressed the hope _________ they would come over to visit China again. 3. I have no idea ________the boy is doing in the next room now. 4.The question ________ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question ________we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. 6. The news ________ Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. 7. I have no idea ________ they were able to get it done in so short a time. 8. When you are in bed, please set aside the thought          you have to fall asleep. 9. You have no idea anxious I have been for her safety. 10. He worked very hard. It’s no wonder ______ he got the first prize. 答案及解析 ： 1、 B 解析：“suggestion” 后面的从句是对其内容的解释说明，属于同位语从句，同位语从句意义完整，不缺成分，用 that 引导，所以选 B。 2、 答案：C 解析：“evidence” 后面的从句解释说明 “evidence（证据）” 的具体内容，是同位语从句，从句结构完整，用 that 引导，选 C。 3、 答案：D 解析：“have no idea” 相当于 “don't know”，后面的从句解释不知道的具体内容，此处表示 “不知道迈克昨天拒绝耶鲁大学录取通知的原因”，是同位语从句，用 why 引导来表示原因，选 D。 4、 答案：C 解析：“doubt（疑问、怀疑）” 用于肯定句时，后面的同位语从句用 whether 引导，表示 “是否”，此处表达 “对于中国女排是否能在里约奥运会上获得金牌存在一些疑问”，选 C。 5、 答案：B 解析：“fear” 后面的从句是对 “fear（恐惧）” 内容的解释说明，是同位语从句，从句意思完整，用 that 引导，选 B。 6、 答案：C 解析：“problem” 后面的从句解释 “problem（问题）” 的具体内容，属于同位语从句，此处表示 “是否应该……”，用 whether 引导，选 C。 7、 答案：B 解析：“There is no doubt that...” 是固定句型，“that” 引导的是同位语从句，对 “doubt（疑问、怀疑）” 的内容进行解释说明，意思是 “毫无疑问……”，选 B。 8、 答案：B 解析：“The news” 后面的从句解释 “news（消息）” 的具体内容，是同位语从句，从句结构完整，用 that 引导，选 B。 9、 答案：A 解析：“belief” 后面的从句对 “belief（信念）” 的内容进行解释说明，是同位语从句，从句意思完整，用 that 引导，选 A。 10、 答案：C 解析：“doubt” 用于肯定句中，后面的同位语从句用 whether 引导，表示 “是否”，表达 “我们仍然怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务”，选 C。 1、 单句语法填空答案及解析 1、 答案：how解析：“a new research has suggested the possibility...” 中 “the possibility” 后面的从句是对其内容的解释说明，属于同位语从句，从句结构完整，用 how 引导。2、 答案：that 解析：“They expressed the hope...” 中 “the hope” 后面的从句解释 “hope（希望）” 的具体内容，是同位语从句，用 that 引导。 3、答案：what 解析：“I have no idea...” 后面的从句中缺少宾语，指 “不知道那个男孩正在隔壁房间做什么”，用 what 引导同位语从句且在从句中作宾语。 4、 答案：who 解析：“The question...” 后面的同位语从句中缺少主语，表达 “谁应该做这项工作”，用 who 引导。 5、 答案：where 解析：“We haven't yet settled the question...” 后面的同位语从句中缺少地点状语，表达 “我们今年将去哪里度暑假”，用 where 引导。 6、 答案：that 解析：“The news...” 后面的从句解释 “news（消息）” 的具体内容，是同位语从句，用 that 引导。 7、答案：how 解析：“I have no idea...” 后面的从句中缺少方式状语，表达 “不知道他们是如何在这么短时间内完成它的”，用 how 引导同位语从句。 8、 答案：that 解析：“the thought” 后面的从句是对 “thought（想法）” 内容的解释说明，是同位语从句，用 that 引导，从句意思完整。 9、答案：how 解析：“You have no idea...” 后面的从句中缺少修饰 “anxious” 的程度状语，表达 “你不知道我有多担心她的安全”，用 how 引导同位语从句。 10、 答案：that 解析：“It's no wonder that...” 是固定句型，“that” 引导的是同位语从句，对 “wonder（惊奇、疑惑）” 的内容进行解释说明，意思是 “难怪……”。 ( 8 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$