专题04it作形式主语和形式宾语（知识讲解+题型练习）-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（外研版2019）

专题04 it作形式主语和形式宾语复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. it作形式主语 2. it作形式宾语 考点一 it作形式主语 当主语部分相对于谓语部分而言太长时，常把主语部分移到句尾，在主语的位置放上it。it 没有具体的意义，仅用于使句子显得平稳，不头重脚轻。it 作形式主语时常代替三种语法结构： 不定式(短语)、v.­ing(短语)和从句。 一、it代替不定式(短语)作形式主语 1．It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋to do sth.，这类名词有one’s turn/ duty/ pleasure, a pity, a habit, a pleasure, a fact, a rule, time, a shame, no wonder 等。 It is your turn to read the text. 轮到你读课文了。 It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 睡得太迟不是个好习惯。 2．It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb.)＋to do sth., 这类形容词用来描述不定式行为本身的性质有hard, natural, impossible, necessary, wrong, right, important, difficult, easy等。 It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. 按时交电费很重要，因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。 It is necessary for you to be fully aware of your own shortcomings. 充分认识自己的缺点是很必要的。 3．It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋ to do sth.，这类形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等时，不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语。这类句型所涉及的常用形容词有brave, careless, honest, modest, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong, foolish, kind, good, polite, selfish等。 It was foolish of you to behave like that. 你那种表现真是太蠢了。 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我正好。 4．It＋takes＋sb.＋时间或金钱＋to do sth. 表示某人花了多少时间或金钱做某事。其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式，句中的sb.也可省略。 It takes me an hour to walk there and back. 我步行一个来回用一个小时。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 成千上万的人花了很多年才建成了长城。 5. It+ costs + sb. +金钱 +to do sth. 表示某人花费多少钱去做某事。 It cost me $1000 to buy the computer. 这台电脑花了我1000美元。 6. It’s up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人负责做某事 It is up to you to make the plan. 应该由你来制定这个计划。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1) It is necessary for high school students (learn) another foreign language. (2) From the teacher’s patient explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility is to educate us. (3) It's clever you to work out the maths problem. (4) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but what is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations. 二、it代替v.­ing(短语)作形式主语 It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋ doing sth.，这类名词有(no) good、(no) use、(no) time、a waste of time、fun等。 The doctor told us that it is no good eating too much meat. 医生告诉我们吃太多的肉没有好处。 It is no use giving him some advice. 给他提建议是没用的。 It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others. 独居而不和别人来往没有好处。 It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to change his mind. 试图说服他改变主意是在浪费时间。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1)As far as I'm concerned, it's no use (argue) with him, he won't change his mind. (2) It's a waste of time (reason) with him. 三、it代替从句作形式主语 用it 作形式主语的结构主要用于下列句型： 1．It＋be＋名词＋从句，这类名词有a fact、a surprise、an honor、a pity、a wonder、common knowledge等。 It is a pity that I didn’t think of it earlier. 真是遗憾我没有早一点这么想。 It is common knowledge that the full moon brings fair weather. 皓月兆天晴，这是常识。 It is a surprise that you gave such an answer to the question. 你对这个问题作了这样的回答，真令人吃惊。 2．It＋be＋形容词＋从句，这类形容词有natural、true、strange、necessary、important、obvious、certain、wonderful、funny、possible、likely、probable等。 It is necessary that the work should be done well. 这项工作应该被很好地完成，这一点是必要地。 It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city. 我们城市的大多数人将享受免费医疗，这是肯定的。 It is probable that he has known everything. 很可能他已经知道了一切。 3．It＋动词＋从句，这类动词有seem、happen、appear、look、matter、make、strike、occur(突然想起)，turn out等。 It happened that the tickets were sold out. 碰巧票都卖光了。 It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child. 她突然想到她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。 It appeared that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。 It turns out that the situation is quite serious. 结果表明情况很严峻。 4．It＋be＋分词＋从句，这类分词有 said、reported、believed、known、decided、proved、thought、expected、announced、arranged、amusing、puzzling、striking等。 It is said that Li Hao has been to Europe. 据说李昊去过欧洲。 It was amusing that a rabbit ran out of the empty box on the desk. 桌上的空盒子里竟然跑出来一只兔子，太有趣了。 【考点再现】 (1)令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌。 _____________________ he continues to gamble when he always loses! (2)真奇怪，他没说一声就走了。 _____________________ he left without telling us. (3)有人请他在聚会上表演一个节目。 It is requested that he _________________________ at the party. (4)我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。 ___________________________ I knew how to solve that problem. 考点二 it作形式宾语 当动词不定式(短语)、v.­ing(短语)或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。 一、代词it后接宾语补足语 1．动词十it＋宾语补足语十不定式 They considered it important to have the work done on time. 他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。 I found it important to learn spoken English. 我发现学习英语口语很重要。 2．动词十it＋宾语补足语十动名词 He thought it no use trying to convince them. 他认为企图说服他们没有用。 3．动词＋it＋宾语补足语十从句 I think it necessary that you study hard. 我认为你努力学习是必要的。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1)He makes it a rule never （borrow）money from others. (2)I think it no good (spend) too much time watching TV. (3)I want to make clear that I didn't steal his pen. 二、代词it后不接宾语补足语 1．动词＋it＋that/when/if从句 能用于此结构的动词常见的有have、 take、 put、 like、 dislike、 love、 hate、 appreciate等。 I like it that you came.　你来了，我很高兴。 Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。 We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。 2．动词＋介词＋it＋that从句 能用于此结构的“动词＋介词”常见的有see to、 look to、 insist on、 stick to、 depend on、 rely on、 answer for等。 See to it that you're not late again. 　务必不要再迟到。 Look to it that this doesn't happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。 3．动词十it＋介词短语＋that从句 能用于此结构的“动词＋it＋介词短语”常见的有take it for granted、 bring it to one's attention、 owe it to sb.等。 I owe it to you that I am still alive.　多亏有你我还活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他帮助我们是理所应当的。 【考点再现】 完成句子 (1)我讨厌他一边吃一边说话。 I with his mouth full. (2)如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我将不胜感激。 I in advance whether or not you will come. (3)你不可以相信他们会做大量的工作。 You can not they will do loads of work. 单项选择 1．________is known to us all that the old worker, ________life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies. A．As; which B．It; which C．As; whose D．It; whose 2．It is strongly ______ by experts that teenagers do exercise for an hour every day. A．recommendation B．recommends C．recommended D．recommending 3．_________ surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice. A．That B．It C．What D．Which 4．_________ is well-known to all that the 33rd Summer Olympic Games was held in Paris. A．As B．What C．That D．It 5．__________ is reported that the way people spend their holiday has changed a lot in the past five years. A．What B．It C．Which D．As 6．_________ was known to us all that John fell into the condition _________ his heart disqualified him for military service. A．As; which B．What; that C．It; where D．It; that 7．　　　　 is our duty to make our country better and stronger. A．It B．This C．That D．One 8．______is widely acknowledged that computers have become a vital part of our society. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 9．It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ________ to computer games and the online world. A．to be attracted B．attracted C．being attracted D．to attract 10．______ remains to be seen ______ she will be fit enough to play in the finals. A．What; that B．It; whether C．What; if D．That; whether 11．________ has been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. A．It B．What C．As D．Who 12．______ was obvious ______ the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. A．This; that B．It; when C．That; that D．It; that 13．______ is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. A．As B．Which C．It D．What 14．There is some doubt ______ Professor Smith can make it to the conference. ______ is said that his flight has been canceled because of the heavy snow. A．that; It B．that; That C．whether; It D．whether; That 15．______ is well-known that Chinese has the largest number of native speakers. A．This B．What C．It D．That 16．________is very dangerous to ________these viruses without any protection. A．That; expose to B．That; be exposed to C．It; expose to D．It; be exposed to 17．It is suggested ________, instead of complaining all day long, Louise think of the contributors who have helped her survive. A．which B．/ C．that D．what 18．It was unbelievable ________ he designed went beyond the expectations of everyone in the room. A．that B．that what C．what D．what that 19．________ is not difficult ________ people ________ and find a job in our city. A．That… of… to settle down B．It… for… to settle down C．That… for… settling down D．It… of… settling down 20．________ has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. A．What B．That C．As D．It 21．We found ______ difficult to connect sentences together and develop a paragraph. A．that B．it C．them D．us 22．Shopping apps have made ______ more and more convenient for people to do shopping online. A．that B．them C．those D．it 23．The high-speed railway will make it easier for people ________ around. A．travel B．travelling C．to travel D．travelled 24．Susan made ______ clear to me ______ she wished to make a new life for herself. A．it... what B．that…what C．it... that D．her... that 25．They asked the government to make ________ clear to the public ________ they did was right. A．it; that B．it; what C．that; what D．this; that 26．——You are late again. ——Sorry, I find ________ difficult to accustom myself to getting up early on Sunday. A．that B．one C．it D．how 27．Some students find ______ very hard ______ in the early morning. A．is, to get up B．that, get up C．it, to get up D．it’s, gets up 28．Experts felt ________necessary to come up with a solution to the serious problem. A．/ B．this C．it D．that 29．More highways have been built in China, making ______ easier for people to travel everywhere. A．that B．what C．it D．which 30．The latest report made __________ clear that climate change will influence the poorest countries most strongly. A．one B．what C．it D．this 单句语法填空 1．Athletes make an honour to win medals for their nation. 2．High prices in the UK make worthwhile for buyers to look abroad. 3．They want to make clear that language is an important tool. 4．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. 5．We can rely on that the gallery will provide excellent marketing for the event. 6．I take for granted that parents should do everything for me. 7．I think necessary to ban smoking in restaurants and cafés. 8．We all find it important we should make a quick decision about this matter. 9．I think essential for us to appeal to someone for help when necessary. 10．The fact you have a passion for your idea will make much easier to motivate yourself. 11．Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 12．People hate when you don’t say what you mean. 13．As a matter of fact, I’d appreciate if you could make some comments on my work. 14．Lots of people find hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. 15．He seemed to make his honour to hold back the tears. 16．He also said roads aren’t designed to make safe for bicyclists to share the road with cars. 17．Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear. 18． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness. 19． is said that dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. 20． is no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much. 21．However, it is likely Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 22．As there have been so many different styles of Western art, is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 23． has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month. 24．I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy can be to fall behind schedule. 25． is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. 26．Traditional woodblock printing can be divided into four major steps: writing, engraving, printing, and binding. With each step then sub-divided into several procedures, takes roughly 30 steps to produce a woodblock print. 27． is no wonder that he failed the exam. 28． is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day. 29． is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 30． is urged that the public should promote their awareness to protect the rare animal. 31． doesn’t matter whether there will be difficulties in communication, for love is always the theme of each piece of music. 32．To join the People’s Liberation Army, is required for men to shave off their beards. 33． is now clear that they need conservation efforts. 34． takes more than three hours of driving on the mountain roads to get there, and the journey requires driving skills and courage. 35． is estimated that coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually, providing food, protection of shorelines, and jobs. 36．Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields. 37．When the BBC asked her what kind of person takes to walk around the world, Maxwell said, “It’s probably a combination of ambition, a little stubbornness and a pinch of passion—not for hiking as a sport, but for self-discovery and adventure.” 38． is natural that different countries have different customs and traditions. 39． struck me that I had left the key at home. 40．The other day, occurred to Johnson that he should make a road trip to help the needy. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 it作形式主语和形式宾语复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1. it作形式主语 2. it作形式宾语 考点一 it作形式主语 当主语部分相对于谓语部分而言太长时，常把主语部分移到句尾，在主语的位置放上it。it 没有具体的意义，仅用于使句子显得平稳，不头重脚轻。it 作形式主语时常代替三种语法结构： 不定式(短语)、v.­ing(短语)和从句。 一、it代替不定式(短语)作形式主语 1．It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋to do sth.，这类名词有one’s turn/ duty/ pleasure, a pity, a habit, a pleasure, a fact, a rule, time, a shame, no wonder 等。 It is your turn to read the text. 轮到你读课文了。 It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 睡得太迟不是个好习惯。 2．It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb.)＋to do sth., 这类形容词用来描述不定式行为本身的性质有hard, natural, impossible, necessary, wrong, right, important, difficult, easy等。 It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. 按时交电费很重要，因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。 It is necessary for you to be fully aware of your own shortcomings. 充分认识自己的缺点是很必要的。 3．It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋ to do sth.，这类形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等时，不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语。这类句型所涉及的常用形容词有brave, careless, honest, modest, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong, foolish, kind, good, polite, selfish等。 It was foolish of you to behave like that. 你那种表现真是太蠢了。 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我正好。 4．It＋takes＋sb.＋时间或金钱＋to do sth. 表示某人花了多少时间或金钱做某事。其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式，句中的sb.也可省略。 It takes me an hour to walk there and back. 我步行一个来回用一个小时。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 成千上万的人花了很多年才建成了长城。 5. It+ costs + sb. +金钱 +to do sth. 表示某人花费多少钱去做某事。 It cost me $1000 to buy the computer. 这台电脑花了我1000美元。 6. It’s up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人负责做某事 It is up to you to make the plan. 应该由你来制定这个计划。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1) It is necessary for high school students (learn) another foreign language. (2) From the teacher’s patient explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility is to educate us. (3) It's clever you to work out the maths problem. (4) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but what is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations. 【答案】 (1) to learn (2) it (3) of (4) it 二、it代替v.­ing(短语)作形式主语 It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋ doing sth.，这类名词有(no) good、(no) use、(no) time、a waste of time、fun等。 The doctor told us that it is no good eating too much meat. 医生告诉我们吃太多的肉没有好处。 It is no use giving him some advice. 给他提建议是没用的。 It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others. 独居而不和别人来往没有好处。 It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to change his mind. 试图说服他改变主意是在浪费时间。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1)As far as I'm concerned, it's no use (argue) with him, he won't change his mind. (2) It's a waste of time (reason) with him. 【答案】 (1) arguing (2) reasoning 三、it代替从句作形式主语 用it 作形式主语的结构主要用于下列句型： 1．It＋be＋名词＋从句，这类名词有a fact、a surprise、an honor、a pity、a wonder、common knowledge等。 It is a pity that I didn’t think of it earlier. 真是遗憾我没有早一点这么想。 It is common knowledge that the full moon brings fair weather. 皓月兆天晴，这是常识。 It is a surprise that you gave such an answer to the question. 你对这个问题作了这样的回答，真令人吃惊。 2．It＋be＋形容词＋从句，这类形容词有natural、true、strange、necessary、important、obvious、certain、wonderful、funny、possible、likely、probable等。 It is necessary that the work should be done well. 这项工作应该被很好地完成，这一点是必要地。 It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city. 我们城市的大多数人将享受免费医疗，这是肯定的。 It is probable that he has known everything. 很可能他已经知道了一切。 3．It＋动词＋从句，这类动词有seem、happen、appear、look、matter、make、strike、occur(突然想起)，turn out等。 It happened that the tickets were sold out. 碰巧票都卖光了。 It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child. 她突然想到她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。 It appeared that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。 It turns out that the situation is quite serious. 结果表明情况很严峻。 4．It＋be＋分词＋从句，这类分词有 said、reported、believed、known、decided、proved、thought、expected、announced、arranged、amusing、puzzling、striking等。 It is said that Li Hao has been to Europe. 据说李昊去过欧洲。 It was amusing that a rabbit ran out of the empty box on the desk. 桌上的空盒子里竟然跑出来一只兔子，太有趣了。 【考点再现】 (1)令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌。 _____________________ he continues to gamble when he always loses! (2)真奇怪，他没说一声就走了。 _____________________ he left without telling us. (3)有人请他在聚会上表演一个节目。 It is requested that he _________________________ at the party. (4)我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。 ___________________________ I knew how to solve that problem. 【答案】 (1) It is a wonder that (2)It is strange that (3) (should) give a performance (4) It suddenly occurred to me that 考点二 it作形式宾语 当动词不定式(短语)、v.­ing(短语)或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。 一、代词it后接宾语补足语 1．动词十it＋宾语补足语十不定式 They considered it important to have the work done on time. 他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。 I found it important to learn spoken English. 我发现学习英语口语很重要。 2．动词十it＋宾语补足语十动名词 He thought it no use trying to convince them. 他认为企图说服他们没有用。 3．动词＋it＋宾语补足语十从句 I think it necessary that you study hard. 我认为你努力学习是必要的。 【考点再现】 单句语法填空 (1)He makes it a rule never （borrow）money from others. (2)I think it no good (spend) too much time watching TV. (3)I want to make clear that I didn't steal his pen. 【答案】 (1) to borrow (2) spending (3) it 二、代词it后不接宾语补足语 1．动词＋it＋that/when/if从句 能用于此结构的动词常见的有have、 take、 put、 like、 dislike、 love、 hate、 appreciate等。 I like it that you came.　你来了，我很高兴。 Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。 We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。 2．动词＋介词＋it＋that从句 能用于此结构的“动词＋介词”常见的有see to、 look to、 insist on、 stick to、 depend on、 rely on、 answer for等。 See to it that you're not late again. 　务必不要再迟到。 Look to it that this doesn't happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。 3．动词十it＋介词短语＋that从句 能用于此结构的“动词＋it＋介词短语”常见的有take it for granted、 bring it to one's attention、 owe it to sb.等。 I owe it to you that I am still alive.　多亏有你我还活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他帮助我们是理所应当的。 【考点再现】 完成句子 (1)我讨厌他一边吃一边说话。 I with his mouth full. (2)如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我将不胜感激。 I in advance whether or not you will come. (3)你不可以相信他们会做大量的工作。 You can not they will do loads of work. 【答案】 (1) hate it when he talks (2) would appreciate it if you could let me know (3) depend on it that 单项选择 1．________is known to us all that the old worker, ________life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies. A．As; which B．It; which C．As; whose D．It; whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句和非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，那位老工人，过去生活很艰难，在他70多岁的时候仍然努力工作。it is known to us all that...(众所周知)，形式主语it，that引导主语从句；“________life was hard in the past”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the old worker，关系词替代先行词在从句中作空后名词life (生活)的定语，用关系代词whose。故选D项。 2．It is strongly ______ by experts that teenagers do exercise for an hour every day. A．recommendation B．recommends C．recommended D．recommending 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家们强烈建议青少年每天锻炼一小时。空处应用过去分词，和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态，It is strongly recommended by experts that...“专家强烈建议……”，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，故选C。 3．_________ surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice. A．That B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】B 【详解】考查形式主语和固定句型。句意：袁隆平实现了开发海水稻的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，“that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice.”是句子真正的主语，是主语从句，设空处是形式主语，结合选项，只有it能充当形式主语。故选B项。 4．_________ is well-known to all that the 33rd Summer Olympic Games was held in Paris. A．As B．What C．That D．It 【答案】D 【详解】考查it的用法。句意：众所周知，第33届夏季奥运会是在巴黎举行的。that引导的是主语从句，空处使用it作形式主语，故选D。 5．__________ is reported that the way people spend their holiday has changed a lot in the past five years. A．What B．It C．Which D．As 【答案】B 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：据报道，在过去的五年中，人们度假的方式发生了很大的变化。句中“that the way people spend their holiday has changed a lot in the past five years.”为主语从句，故空处应用形式主语，固定句型It is reported that表示“据报道”，符合句意。故选B。 6．_________ was known to us all that John fell into the condition _________ his heart disqualified him for military service. A．As; which B．What; that C．It; where D．It; that 【答案】C 【详解】考查形式主语和定语从句。句意：我们大家都知道，约翰的心脏使他不适合服兵役。第一个空为it作形式主语，构成it was known to sb that...。第二空引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词condition，设空处指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选C项。 7．　　　　 is our duty to make our country better and stronger. A．It B．This C．That D．One 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词it。句意：让我们的国家变得更好、更强大是我们的责任。本空用代词It，作形式主语，真正的主语是“to make our country better and stronger”。故选A。 8．______is widely acknowledged that computers have become a vital part of our society. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们普遍认为计算机已经成为我们社会的一个重要组成部分。分析句子可知，该句为固定句型It is widely acknowledged that…“人们普遍认为……”，其中it作形式主语，后面的that从句作真正的主语。故选B项。 9．It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ________ to computer games and the online world. A．to be attracted B．attracted C．being attracted D．to attract 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很正常的。此处句型“it + be ＋形容词＋( for sb.)+ to do sth .”，it 为形式主语，不定式是真正主语， 句中teenagers of your generation与 attract之间为被动关系，因此空处应用动词不定式的被动式 to be done 形式。故选A项。 10．______ remains to be seen ______ she will be fit enough to play in the finals. A．What; that B．It; whether C．What; if D．That; whether 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句和形式主语。句意：她的身体状况是否足以参加决赛还有待观察。第二空引导名词性从句，从句的成分完整，结合“remains to be seen”可知，第二空需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词，可先排除A项，且该从句是remains真正的主语，因此第一空应用it作形式主语。故选B。 11．________ has been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. A．It B．What C．As D．Who 【答案】A 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号。分析句子结构，that引导的是主语从句，空处应用it作形式主语，且首字母大写。It has been reported that...意为“据报道……”。故选A。 12．______ was obvious ______ the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. A．This; that B．It; when C．That; that D．It; that 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句和it作形式主语。句意：很明显，咖啡店的经理在等李芳离开。分析句子结构可知，此句为固定句型“It is obvious that…”，意为“很显然……”，此句中it作形式主语，故第一空填It；第二空引导名词性从句“______ the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave”为句子的真正主语，是主语从句，从句句子结构完整，句意完整，设空处在从句中不作语法成分，无词汇词义，此主语从句用连接词that引导。故选D项。 13．______ is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. A．As B．Which C．It D．What 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，火药是中国人首先发明的。根据that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese“火药是中国人首先发明的”可知，that引导的从句作主句真正的主语，句首用It作形式主语。故选C。 14．There is some doubt ______ Professor Smith can make it to the conference. ______ is said that his flight has been canceled because of the heavy snow. A．that; It B．that; That C．whether; It D．whether; That 【答案】C 【详解】考查同位语从句以及it作形式主语。句意：史密斯教授是否能来参加会议还有些疑问。据说因为大雪，他的航班被取消了。第一空引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，设空处在从句中不作成分，表示“是否”，用连接词whether；第二句为固定句型It is said that从句，意为“据说……”，句中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语，第二空填It；故选C。 15．______ is well-known that Chinese has the largest number of native speakers. A．This B．What C．It D．That 【答案】C 【详解】考查形式主语it。句意：众所周知，以汉语为母语的人数最多。that引导的主语从句由于太长放置句末，所以用it作形式主语，代指that从句。故选C项。 16．________is very dangerous to ________these viruses without any protection. A．That; expose to B．That; be exposed to C．It; expose to D．It; be exposed to 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。句意：在没有任何保护的情况下接触这些病毒是非常危险的。第一空为句型it be adj. to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语；第二空表示“接触”短语为be exposed to。故选D。 17．It is suggested ________, instead of complaining all day long, Louise think of the contributors who have helped her survive. A．which B．/ C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：有人建议露易丝不要整天抱怨，想想那些帮助她生存下来的贡献者。此处为句型It is suggested that...，it作形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句。故选C。 18．It was unbelievable ________ he designed went beyond the expectations of everyone in the room. A．that B．that what C．what D．what that 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令人难以置信的是，他所设计的东西超出了房间里每个人的预期。根据“It was unbelievable”可知，此处需用固定句型It was unbelievable that…，表示“令人难以置信的是……”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的名词性从句；该从句中went beyond前缺少主语，需有连接词引导名词性从句作主语，这一主语从句中designed后缺少宾语，结合句意可知，该宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选B。 19．________ is not difficult ________ people ________ and find a job in our city. A．That… of… to settle down B．It… for… to settle down C．That… for… settling down D．It… of… settling down 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在我们这个城市安定下来找工作并不难。此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.，表示“做某事对于某人来说怎么样”，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故选B。 20．________ has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. A．What B．That C．As D．It 【答案】D 【详解】考查代词it和主语从句。句意：一段时间以来，人们已经知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。分析句子结构可知，句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为从句that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. 故选D。 21．We found ______ difficult to connect sentences together and develop a paragraph. A．that B．it C．them D．us 【答案】B 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我们发现很难把句子连起来并形成一个段落。A. that那个；B. it它；C. them他/她/它们；D. us我们。空处是形式宾语，应使用it，后面的动词不定式是真正的宾语。故选B。 22．Shopping apps have made ______ more and more convenient for people to do shopping online. A．that B．them C．those D．it 【答案】D 【详解】考查it的用法。句意：购物app让人们在网上购物变得越来越方便。make后接复合宾语，make it +adj.+to do“使得做某事……”为固定句型，it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语。故选D项。 23．The high-speed railway will make it easier for people ________ around. A．travel B．travelling C．to travel D．travelled 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：高铁将使人们更容易四处旅行。根据题干可知，此处考查make it easier for sb. to do sth.“使某人做某事更容易”，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式to do为真正的宾语。故选C项。 24．Susan made ______ clear to me ______ she wished to make a new life for herself. A．it... what B．that…what C．it... that D．her... that 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词it和宾语从句。句意：苏珊向我明确表示，她希望开始自己的新生活。第一个空处指代下文的句子作made的宾语，应用代词it，作形式宾语；第二个空连接的是宾语从句，从句不缺少成分也不缺少意思，用that连接，故选C。 25．They asked the government to make ________ clear to the public ________ they did was right. A．it; that B．it; what C．that; what D．this; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：他们要求政府向公众表明他们的做法是正确的。此处为make it adj. to sb. that...，it作形式宾语；第二空后从句为真正宾语，后接that引导的宾语从句，对形式宾语的内容进行修饰补充，此处省略了引导词that，在从句中what作为连接词引导了主语从句，what they did充当从句部分that what they did was right的主语部分。故选B。 26．——You are late again. ——Sorry, I find ________ difficult to accustom myself to getting up early on Sunday. A．that B．one C．it D．how 【答案】C 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：——你又迟到了。——对不起，我发现很难让自己习惯于在周日早起。此处使用了“find it + adj. + to do sth”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语“to accustom myself to getting up early on Sunday”。故选C。 27．Some students find ______ very hard ______ in the early morning. A．is, to get up B．that, get up C．it, to get up D．it’s, gets up 【答案】C 【详解】考查it用法和非谓语动词。句意：有些学生发现早上起床很困难。第一空使用it作形式宾语，very hard是宾补，第二空使用动词不定式作真正的宾语，故选C。 28．Experts felt ________necessary to come up with a solution to the serious problem. A．/ B．this C．it D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：专家们认为有必要想出解决这一严重问题的办法。动词feel后接it作形式宾语，后文动词不定式为真正宾语。故选C。 29．More highways have been built in China, making ______ easier for people to travel everywhere. A．that B．what C．it D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查it用法。句意：中国修建了更多的高速公路，使人们到各地旅行更加方便。此处为make it adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，故选C。 30．The latest report made __________ clear that climate change will influence the poorest countries most strongly. A．one B．what C．it D．this 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：最新的报告明确指出，气候变化将对最贫穷的国家产生最强烈的影响。A. one一个；B. what什么；C. it它；D. this这个。“that climate change will influence the poorest countries most strongly”是that引导的宾语从句，作made的宾语，空格处用it作形式宾语，故选C。 单句语法填空 1．Athletes make an honour to win medals for their nation. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it用法。句意：运动员把为国家赢得奖牌视为一种荣誉。空处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，故填it。 2．High prices in the UK make worthwhile for buyers to look abroad. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it用法。句意：英国的高房价使得买家将目光投向国外是值得的。此处为make it adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正宾语。故填it。 3．They want to make clear that language is an important tool. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：他们想让人们明白语言是一种重要的工具。动词make后接复合宾语，应用it作形式宾语，真正宾语为that引导的宾语从句。故填it。 4．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：作为诺顿最繁忙的女人，她把关照镇上所有其他人的事务作为自己的责任。make it one’s duty to do sth.意为“把做某事作为某人的责任”，为固定句型，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语。故填it。 5．We can rely on that the gallery will provide excellent marketing for the event. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it用法。句意：我们可以相信，画廊将为这次活动提供出色的营销。此处为固定句型rely on it that“相信……”，it作形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。 6．I take for granted that parents should do everything for me. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我想当然地认为，父母应该为我做一切事情。此处为it作形式宾语，that从句作真正宾语的结构，take it for granted that....“认为……理所当然”，故填it。 7．I think necessary to ban smoking in restaurants and cafés. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我认为在餐馆和咖啡馆禁烟是有必要的。分析句子结构可知，think后要用形式宾语it，代替真正的宾语“to ban smoking in restaurants and cafés”。故填it。 8．We all find it important we should make a quick decision about this matter. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们都认为对这件事迅速做出决定是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，it是形式宾语，空处之后的句子为真正的宾语，从句句子成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 9．I think essential for us to appeal to someone for help when necessary. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：我认为我们有必要在必要的时候向别人求助。此处为“think+it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”结构，其中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语，所以此处应为it作形式宾语。故填it. 10．The fact you have a passion for your idea will make much easier to motivate yourself. 【答案】 that it 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：你对自己的想法充满热情这一事实会让你更容易激励自己。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明前面的名词“fact”，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。第二个空为it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式。故填that；it。 11．Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：今天的年轻人可能会发现很难习惯没有互联网的生活。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是一个常用结构，其中 it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to be accustomed to life without the Internet。故填it。 12．People hate when you don’t say what you mean. 【答案】it 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：当你不说出你的意思时，人们讨厌你。此处it做形式宾语，代替后面的从句。故填it。 13．As a matter of fact, I’d appreciate if you could make some comments on my work. 【答案】it 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：事实上，如果你能对我的工作发表一些意见，我将不胜感激。此处是句型I would appreciate it if…，意思为“如果……我将不胜感激”；it在这里作形式宾语。故填it。 14．Lots of people find hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：许多人发现早晨起床很困难，并将此归咎于闹钟。空后动词不定式短语为真正的宾语，空处应用形式宾语it作find的宾语。故填it。 15．He seemed to make his honour to hold back the tears. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：他似乎以忍住眼泪为荣耀。it作make的形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式to hold back the tears。故填it。 16．He also said roads aren’t designed to make safe for bicyclists to share the road with cars. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：他还说道路的设计并不是为了让自行车和汽车共享道路。分析句子结构可知，此空应用it做形式宾语，代替后面的不定式to share the road with cars。故填it。 17．Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年都有数以百万计的游客前往联合国教科文组织世界遗产，因此这些遗址遭受一些磨损是很自然的。it为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，it is natural that…表示“……很自然”。故填that。 18． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness. 【答案】It 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们普遍认为财富不一定能增加幸福感。本题考查的是主语从句的固定句型“It is acknowledged that…”，意为“人们普遍认为……”，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语。故填It。 19． is said that dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据说，狗避开海滩可能是海啸即将来临的征兆。that dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching是真正的主语，所以空处应用it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母大写，It is said that是固定句型，意为“据说”。故填It。 20． is no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much. 【答案】It 【详解】考查形式主语it。句意：你吃了这么多，难怪你睡不着。It be no wonder (that)...是固定句型，表示“难怪……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。 21．However, it is likely Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：然而，美洲原住民很可能在至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。句子中的it为形式主语，后面“Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago”为句子真正的主语，所以需要填入引导主语从句的连接词，句子成分，意思完整，所以that。故填that。 22．As there have been so many different styles of Western art, is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：由于西方艺术有许多不同的风格，不可能在一篇短文中全部描述出来。此处为固定句型：It+ be+ adj+ (for sb.) to do sth，it作形式主语，不定式形式作真正主语，所以此处应为代词it，指代的是不定式短语“to describe them all in a short text”。故填it。 23． has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month. 【答案】It 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：已经宣布我们下个月将进行期末考试。“It is/was/has been announced that...”为固定句型，意为“据宣布……”，该句型中It作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。故填It。 24．I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy can be to fall behind schedule. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：我认为很多人忽略了一点，那就是落后于计划是多么容易。此句中，how引导表语从句，it充当宾语从句中的形式主语，故应用不定式to do作真正主语。故填it。 25． is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. 【答案】It 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：众所周知，中国自然资源丰富。本空用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句China is rich in natural resources。It is well-known that…是固定句型“众所周知”。故填It。 26．Traditional woodblock printing can be divided into four major steps: writing, engraving, printing, and binding. With each step then sub-divided into several procedures, takes roughly 30 steps to produce a woodblock print. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：传统木版印刷可分为四个主要步骤：书写、雕刻、印刷和装订。每一步都细分为几个步骤，大约需要30个步骤来制作木版画。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定句型“it takes sth. to do sth.”意为“做某事花费……”，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填it。 27． is no wonder that he failed the exam. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：难怪他考试没过。it is no wonder that 难怪，为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。首字母大写。故填It。 28． is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day. 【答案】It 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们在国庆节前完成设计是不可能的。根据空后内容“is impossible for us to finish the design”可知，空处应填形式主语it，真正的主语是不定式短语“to finish the design before National Day”，构成固定句型：it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……”，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 29． is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据估计，到2050年，将有13亿人将英语作为第一语言或第二语言。句中that引导的从句为真正的主语，句首应用it作形式主语，构成固定句型it is estimated that...，表示“据估计”，it置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 30． is urged that the public should promote their awareness to protect the rare animal. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：呼吁公众提高保护这种稀有动物的意识。本空用it作形式主语，that the public should promote their awareness to protect the rare animal为主语从句，it位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 31． doesn’t matter whether there will be difficulties in communication, for love is always the theme of each piece of music. 【答案】It 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：有没有沟通上的困难并不重要，因为爱永远是每一首音乐的主题。句子结构分析可知，whether there will be difficulties in communication为名词性从句作为本句的主语，该句置于句末，则用形式主语it代替，放于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 32．To join the People’s Liberation Army, is required for men to shave off their beards. 【答案】it 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：要加入中国人民解放军，男性被要求剃掉胡子。本空需要用it作形式主语，不定式to shave off作真正的主语。故填it。 33． is now clear that they need conservation efforts. 【答案】It 【详解】考查代词。句意：现在很清楚，它们需要保护。“It be+adj.+that从句”是固定句型，其中It作形式主语，连词that引导主语从句。故填It。 34． takes more than three hours of driving on the mountain roads to get there, and the journey requires driving skills and courage. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：在山路上开车需要三个多小时才能到达那里，这段旅程需要驾驶技巧和勇气。分析可知，所填应是句子主语。结合空后“takes more than three hours of driving on the mountain roads to get there”可推知，这里应是“it takes+时间+to do”结构，表达“做某事花费多少时间”，其中to do不定式为真正主语，it作形式主语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 35． is estimated that coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually, providing food, protection of shorelines, and jobs. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据估计，珊瑚礁每年为世界经济贡献数十亿美元，提供食物、保护海岸线和就业机会。此处that引导的主语从句为真正的主语，应用it作形式主语。句首首字母应大写。故填It。 36．Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：有些人表示怀疑，因为难以置信的是，在田地里工作了一整天后，她看起来如此完美。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导的主语从句，it为形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导主语从句作真正主语。故填that。 37．When the BBC asked her what kind of person takes to walk around the world, Maxwell said, “It’s probably a combination of ambition, a little stubbornness and a pinch of passion—not for hiking as a sport, but for self-discovery and adventure.” 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：当英国广播公司问她什么样的人才能环游世界时，麦克斯韦尔说：“这可能是雄心壮志、一点点固执和一点点激情的结合——不是把徒步旅行作为一项运动，而是为了自我发现和冒险。”此处it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。 38． is natural that different countries have different customs and traditions. 【答案】It 【详解】考查代词。句意：不同的国家有不同的风俗和传统是很自然的。“It is natural that...”是一个常见的句型，用于表达某件事是自然的或理所当然的。在这个句子中，“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的从句。故填It。 39． struck me that I had left the key at home. 【答案】It 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我突然想到我把钥匙忘在家里了。it struck/strikes sb. that为固定句型，意为“某人突然想起……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填It。 40．The other day, occurred to Johnson that he should make a road trip to help the needy. 【答案】it 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：有一天，约翰逊突然想到他应该开车去帮助那些需要帮助的人。it occurs/occurred to sb. that固定句型，意为“某人突然想起……”，故填it。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$