专题01 必修一重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型 【考点清单】-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考点大串讲（译林版2020）

专题01 必修一 重点单词及其变形，词组，短语，句型 考点浏览 Unit 1 Back to school Unit 2 Let’s talk teens Unit 3 Getting along with others Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 重点单词变形 1. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 2. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 3. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 4. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 5. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 6. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 7. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 8. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 9. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 10. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 11. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 13. argue vi. 争论, 辩论vt. 辩论, 争论, 论证; 说理→argument n. 论证; 论据 14. anxious adj. 令人焦虑的; 担忧的; 渴望的; 急切的→anxiety n. 焦虑; 渴望 15. anger n. 怒火, 愤怒→angry adj. 生气的; 愤怒的 16. mental adj. 精神的; 智力的; 思想的→mentality n. 心态; 智力→mentally adv. 精神上, 智力上; 心理上 17. desire n. & vt. 希望; 渴望→desirable adj. 值得拥有的, 令人向往的 18. regular adj. 频繁的; 有规律的→regularly adv. 频繁地; 有规律地 19. concern n. 担心, 忧虑; 关爱 vt. 影响, 牵扯; 涉及; 使担心→concerned adj. 有关的; 关心的 20. design n. 设计; 构思; 设计图样 vt. 设计; 制订 →designer n. 设计师; 谋划者 21. secure adj. 安全的; 无虑的; 稳当的; 可靠的 →security n. 安全, 安全性; 保证 22. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 →graduation n. 毕业; 毕业典礼 23. origin n. 起源; 源头; 起因→ original adj. 起初的; 独创的; 原作的 24. recover　v. 恢复健康; 恢复常态→ recovery n. 恢复 25. respond　v. 回应, 回答; 作出反应, 响应→ response n. 响应 26. apology n. 道歉→ apologize vi. 道歉, 谢罪 27. ignore vt. 忽视, 对……不予理会→ ignorant adj. 无知的 28. reflect  v. 反映 → reflection n. 沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映 29. benefit v. &n. 使受益; 益处; 优势→ beneficial adj. 有益的 30. comfort vt. /n. 宽慰, 抚慰; 舒服; 安慰→ comfortable adj. 舒服的 31. recognize vt. 承认, 意识到; 认出, 辨别出→ recognition n. 识别; 承认 32. crowd n. /v. 一伙人, 一帮人; 人群; 使拥挤; 挤满; 聚集; 挤, 涌 → crowded adj. 拥挤的 33. admire vt. 欣赏; 钦佩→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 34. immediate adj. 立即的→immediately adv. 立即, 马上 35. concentrate vi. &vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注→concentration n. 专心, 专注 36. extreme adj. 极端的; 严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极其 37. effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响→effective adj. 有效的 38. slight adj. 轻微的→slightly adv. 稍微, 略微 39. energy n. 精力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的, 充满活力的 40. beauty n. 美, 美丽; 美人, 美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的 41. fashion n. 时尚, 时兴; 流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的 42. talent n. 天资, 天赋; 人才, 天才→ talented adj. 天才的; 有天赋的 重点词汇讲解 1. potential adj.潜在的;可能的 n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质→potentials(复数) →potentially adv. 潜在地 → potent adj. 有效的；强有力的 potential customers 潜在的客户 a potential source of conflict 潜在的冲突根源 the potential for change 变革的可能性 have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的可能 2. senior adj.中学的；级别(或地位)高的; 高级水平的;老年的n.较…年长的人;级别(或地位)较高者;上级;上司; 高水平运动员 →junior （反义词） be senior to 比… 年长;比… 资深；比… 级别（地位）高 （be junior to 比… 年幼; 比… 资历浅；比… 级别（地位）低 ） be senior to sb by … years 比某人大…岁 senior high schools 高级中学 a senior officer/manager/lecturer, etc. 高级军官、高级经理、高级讲师等 take part in senior competitions 参加成人比赛 3. challenge n. 挑战；怀疑 vt. 向…挑战；对…质疑→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的；不赞成的 an exciting/interesting challenge 令人激动的╱令人感兴趣的挑战 meet the challenge  迎接挑战；满足要求 rise to the challenge  接受挑战，奋起应付挑战 challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战… challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事 a challenging and rewarding career as a teacher  富有挑战性且有意义的教师职业 4. advance n.前进，行进;进步;进展 v. 前进，发展，进步;促进 →advanced adj. adj. 先进的；高级的；晚期的；年老的 in advance  adv. 预先，提前 in advance of  超过；在…前 recent advances in medical science 医学的最新进展 advanced technology  先进技术 advanced stage 晚期；高级阶段 ①They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.  夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里 ②advance our understanding of language learning提高了我们对语言学习的认识 ③There were only three of us on the advanced course. 只有我们三人学高级课程。 5. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 感到惊叹的→ amaze vt. 使吃惊→ amazingly adv. 令人惊讶地；惊奇地→ amazement n. 惊异；惊愕 where amazing happens  奇迹发生之地 an amazing achievement/discovery/success/performance  惊人的成就╱发现╱成功╱表演 be amazed at (by) 对…感到惊叹 to one’s amazement 让人感到惊叹的是 in amazement 惊讶地 【联想助记】 情感类动词 v＋ing 表示“使人感到....的” v＋ed表示“感到.....的” Eg: excite/exciting/excited disappoint/ disappointing/ disappointed move/ moving/ moved surprise/ surprising/ surprised 6. confidence n.信心;信任;把握→ confident adj.自信的; 有把握的→ confidently adv. 自信地；安心地→confidential adj. 秘密的；机密的 →self-confidence n. self-confident  have confidence in = have belief in 对…有信心 gain confidence 获得自信 be confident in/ of/ about 对… 有信心 7. equal adj. (大小、数量、价值等) 相同的，同样的; 相等的; 平等的; 同等的; (力气、勇气、能力等) 相当的; 能胜任的; 能应付的 n. 同等的人; 相等物; v. 与…相等，等于; 比得上; 敌得过 →equally adv. 同样地；相等地，平等地；公平地 equality n.  平等；相等 be equal to (doing) sth 相等；胜任；合适 (做某事) equal rights/pay 平等的权利；同酬 on equal ˈterms (with sb) （与某人）处于平等的地位 be without equal/ have no ˈequal 无与伦比；无敌；无比 2 plus 2 equals 4 2+2=4 equal sb/ sth in (doing) in 在(做) 某事方面逼得上，敌得过某人（某物） equal the world record. 平了世界纪录 ①There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. 这个班男女生人数相等。 ②The company has an equal opportunities policy (= gives the same chances of employment to everyone) . 这家公司的政策是人人机会均等。 ③He is a player without equal. 他是个无与伦比的运动员。 ④This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled. 这一成就可能任何时候都没有能与之匹敌的。  8. responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的 比较级→ more responsible最高级 most responsible →responsibility n. 责任，职责；义务 duty （同义词）n.责任；义务；本分 be responsible for 为… 负责；是……的原因 responsible care 责任关怀义务关心 sense of responsibility 责任感，责任心 social responsibility 社会责任 take on responsibility 承担责任 have/ take responsibility for 对… 有责任 It is one’s responsibility to do sth 做某事是某人的责任 ①Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children. 即使父母不再共同生活，他们也要分别对子女负责。 ②He is mentally ill and cannot be held responsible for his actions. 他有精神病，不能对自己的行为负责。 ③It is their responsibility to ensure that the rules are enforced. 他们有责任确保制度的执行 9. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的 → depend vi 依赖，依靠；取决于 →dependent adj.依靠的；取决于…的→ dependently adv.依赖地→ dependence n. 依赖；依靠→ independently adv. 独立地→independence n. 独立 （注意构词法） be independent of 不依赖…的；不受…支配的 an independent inquiry/witness 独立的调查；无偏见的证人 financially independent 经济独立 The Independence Day 独立日 independence study 自主学习 School spirit: the spirit of independence, freedom of thought. 学校精神：独立之精神，自由之思想 ①We're going independent from the university and setting up our own group. 我们将从大学独立出去，成立我们自己的集团。 ②She would like to be more financially independent. 她想要在财政上更加独立。 ③A good teacher encourages independence of thought. 好的教师鼓励独立思考。 10. aim n.目的;目标;瞄准 v. 力争做到;目的是;旨在;瞄准;针对→ purpose n. / intent (intention)/ target v/ n (同义词) take aim at sb/sth 把目标对准某人（或某事物） with the aim of 为了… aim at sth/ doing sth 对准，瞄准；目标是 （做某事） be aimed at 以… 为目标 aim to do sth 立志做某事；意欲做某事 ①Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标 ②They aim at improving quality rather than increasing quantity. 他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。 ③Criticism should be aimed at helping those criticized. 批评应该是与人为善的批评。 11. exchange n. 交换；交流；交易 vt. 交换；交易；兑换 exchange sth for sth 以某物交换某物 exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物 make an exchange 交换 in exchange for 以… 交换… ①Juliet and David exchanged glances (= they looked at each other) . 朱丽叶和戴维相互看了看对方。 ②I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. 我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。  ③Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera? 用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？ 12. contribution n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿→contribute vt. 贡献；捐赠；投稿→ contributor n. 贡献者；投稿者；捐助者 contribute to 有助于；导致，促成； contribute … to … 向… 投稿/ 捐赠 make (great) contributions to 对…做出(巨大的)贡献 ①We contributed ￡5 000 to the earthquake fund. 我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。 ②The three sons also contribute to the family business. 3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。 ③ Learning English makes contributions to one's development to some extent. 英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。 13. fortunately adv. 幸运的→ fortune n. 财富；命运；运气→ fortunate adj. adj. 幸运的;吉利的 →misfortune n. 不幸 → unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv. make a fortunate 发财 try one’s fortunate 碰运气 be fortunate in 在某方面幸运 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 ①I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started. 我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。 ②I was fortunate to be one of the lucky user. 我有幸成为幸运网友之一。 ③We became companions in misfortune. 我们成了患难之交。 14. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 →anxiously adv. 焦虑地 be anxious for/about 担心/渴望…… be anxious to do...渴望做…… be anxious that ...(should) do... 渴望…… with anxiety 焦急地 [名师点津]　(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时，则为可数名词。 (2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时，其后通常跟不定式或“for＋名词”作定语。 It’s natural for parents to be anxious about their children’s future. However, they are anxious to see the progress their children can make, so they are always pushing them too hard anxiously/with anxiety. I think parents should learn to turn their attention away from their kids, thus relieving their own anxiety and leaving their children enough space to develop. 父母为孩子的未来担心这很自然。然而,他们急于看到孩子所能取得的进步,因此总是焦虑地逼迫孩子。我认为,父母应该学会将自己的注意力从孩子身上转移,这样既能缓解自己的焦虑又能给孩子留足够的发展空间。 15. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所→spotless adj. 没有斑点的；干净的 (1)on the spot 当场；在现场；立即 (2)spot sb.doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 spot sb.from/in... 从……中辨认出某人 be spotted with 满是……的斑点；散布；点缀 [名师点津]　spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。 I finally spotted my friend in the crowd, who wore a white dress with pink spots. 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友，她穿着粉点白底的裙子。 16.anger n. 怒气，怒火→angry adj.发怒的，生气的 with/ in anger/ angrily adv.生气地，气愤地 be angry with sb. for sth. 因……与某人生气 Her mother hardly ever shouted at her in/with anger. 她的母亲几乎从来不怒气冲冲地对她喊叫。 Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger, because saying something angrily can make them comfortable. 愤怒的顾客经常抱怨来发泄他们的愤怒，因为愤怒地说些什么可以让他们感到舒服。 17. desire n. ＆ vt. 渴望，希望 (1)have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事 at one's desire 应某人的希望/要求 (2)desire sth. 渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that sb.(should)do 渴望/要求某人…… 1)Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. 即便如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给世界留下了深刻的印象。 2)The public desired that the result (should) be made in public. 公众希望把结果公布于众。 18. struggle vi. ＆ n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 struggle with/against与……作斗争 struggle for为……而斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 1)We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。 2)The two boxers struggled with/against each other and the referee separated them. 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。 19. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静adj. 镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.冷静地；平静地 (1)calm down 平静，镇静，安静 keep/remain calm 保持冷静 20. view n. 看法；视线；景色vt. 把……视为；观看 (1)have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/观看 in one's view/opinion 在某人看来 from one's point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发 point of view 观点；态度 in view of 由于；鉴于；考虑到 out of view 看不见；在视野之外 come into view 进入视野；被看见 (2)view...as... 把……看作…… 1)From my point of view, students should spend less time on computer games or the Internet. 依我看，学生应该少花些时间在电脑游戏或网络上。 2)In my view, the film isn't interesting at all. 在我看来，这部电影一点意思也没有。 3)He is honest and helpful and we all view him as our friend. 他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是我们的朋友。 21. concern n. 担心，忧虑；关心vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerning prep.有关；关于→concerned adj. 担心的；关注的；相关的 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心 (2)concern oneself about 对……表示关心/担心 (3)be concerned about/for 担心……；关心…… be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 as far as... be concerned 就……而言；依……之见 [名师点津](1)concern用作名词，表示“关怀；关心”时是不可数名词，而表示“对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事”时是可数名词。(2)concerned是形容词，用作前置定语时，意思是“关心的；挂念的；担心的”；用作后置定语时，意为“有关的；涉及的”。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authority concerned有关当局。 1)Our parents are concerned about our life and study. As far as I'm concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns. 我们的父母关心我们的生活和学习。就我而言，我们应该和他们谈谈，告诉他们我们的担忧。 2)As far as I am concerned, some other plans may work better. 对我来说，别的计划可能会更管用。 3)The police couldn't prove he was concerned with the crime, so they had to set him free. 警方无法证明他与该罪行有关，因此只好把他释放了。 22. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调vt. 强调，着重stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.强调/重视…… under stress 在压力下 under the stress of 为……所迫 (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 He stressed the importance of studying hard. / He put stress on studying hard. 他强调了努力学习的重要性。 After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. 经过一周紧张的工作，所有的员工都非常紧张和疲惫。他们抱怨说，很少有人能在压力下高效地工作。 23. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术 (1)design...for... 为……而设计…… be designed for/to do 计划做；打算用来做 be designed as 被设置为…… (2)by design 蓄意地，故意地 1)I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous designer. 我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名设计师设计的。 2)The subway was designed to relieve traffic jam. 这条地铁是为缓解交通拥挤而设计的。 24. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的 It is likely＋thatclause可能会…… sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事 [名师点津]likely的比较级和最高级为more likely， most likely或likelier， likeliest；反义词是unlikely。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family, it is more likely that you develop the ability to get on well with others. 如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。 25. performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行 I have affection for the amusing performance, performed by Samuel, an American jazz performer. 我很喜欢美国爵士表演者塞缪尔表演的有趣的表演。 26. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerness n. 热心，渴望→eagerly adv.急切地；渴望地；热心地 (1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，热心做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 be eager that ...(should...) 渴望……(从句用虚拟语气) [名师点津]　表达“渴望做某事”的短语还有： ①be anxious to do sth. ②be dying to do sth. ③be keen to do sth. ④long to do sth. 1)The students couldn’t hide their eagerness to get back home. They were eager to know when they can go home. 学生们无法掩饰他们想回家的渴望。他们急切地想知道他们什么时候可以回家。 2)Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 我们急切地围在桌子周围。我取下一个盒子，小心地放在妈妈面前。 27. account n. 账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 (1)on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不 give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 take sth. into account ＝take sth. into consideration ＝take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑 (2)account for 解释，说明；占……(比例) [名师点津] on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有by no means， in no way， on no condition， under no circumstances， in no case， at no time等。 28. rent n. 租金vi. ＆ vt. 租用；出租 (1)pay the rent 付租金  for rent 出租, 招租 (2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth. (out)to sb. 出租某物给某人 1)He was not sure whether he could get a job in time to pay the rent. 他不确定是否能及时找到工作来付房租。 2) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture. 1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租下了这所房子，卖掉了大部分家具。 29. graduate vi. ＆ vt. 毕业n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业 graduate from. . . 毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 My cousin is a graduate in physics, who graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company since graduation. 我表哥是北京大学物理系的毕业生。自从毕业以来，他一直在一家著名公司工作。 30. response n. 回复；反应，响应→respond vt. & vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 (1)in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语) make a response to 对……做出反应(强调动作) (2)respond to... 回应……；对……做出反应 respond that... 回答说…… None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题;换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何一个学生的回答。 31.sight n. 视野；视力；看见 out of (one’s) sight脱离(某人的)视线 lose sight of看不见 catch sight of看见 come into sight进入视野 at first sight乍一看；初次见到 at the sight of...一看见…… 【名师点津】sight也可指的是“风景，名胜”，是眼睛所能看到的景象，可以指的是美丽的风景，也可指的是悲惨的景象。常用复数形式sights 表示名胜古迹，人文景观等。 We waved until the car was out of sight. 我们一直挥手, 直到那辆汽车消失在视野中。 32. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制 (recovery n. 恢复; 痊愈) (1)recover from 从……中恢复; 痊愈 recover oneself 恢复健康; 恢复正常; 恢复知觉 (2)make a recovery from. . . 从……中恢复 33. loss n. 失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失 lose v. 丢失; 失去；lost adj. 迷路的; 迷失的) (1)the/a loss of. . . 　 ……的丢失/丧失 suffer (great) losses 遭受(重大)损失 make up for the loss 弥补损失 at a loss 不知所措, 困惑 (2)lose one’s way 迷路 be lost in 沉浸于; 全神贯注 get lost 迷路 34. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n. 法官；裁判员 (judg(e)ment n. 判决; 判断; 评价) judge...by/from... 根据……判断…… as far as I can judge 据我判断 judging by/from... 从……来判断 in one’s judg(e)ment 在某人看来 make a judg(e)ment on 对……作出评价 【名师点津】judging by/from表示“从……来看, 根据……判断”, 用在句首时, 为一个独立成分, 不受句子主语和时态的影响。英语中类似judging by/from用法的独立成分还有很多, 如generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking(一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说), considering(that). . . (考虑到, 鉴于, 就……而言), providing/provided(that). . . (假如, 倘若……)等。 【巧学助记】That judge judged that these ancient pictures should be judged by some judges of art. 那位法官认为这些古画应该由一些艺术鉴定家来鉴定。 35. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪 (apology n. 道歉, 谢罪) (1)apologize to sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb. that. . .向某人道歉…… (2)make/offer an apology to sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology= owe an apology to sb. 应向某人道歉 36. behaviour (AmE behavior)n. 行为，举止，态度 (behave vi.举止；(举止或行为)表现) •behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差 behave oneself表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 •well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.表现好/差的 37. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器 (1)in case 假使; 万一 in case of 假如发生; 万一发生 (2)in any case 无论如何, 不管怎样 in no case 决不(放句首时, 主句用部分倒装) in that/this case 既然那样/这样; 在那种/这种情况下 (3)as is often the case这是常有的事 38. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈n. 诡计，花招；戏法 (教材原句) When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. 我发现自己被他欺骗之后，真的好伤心，我放弃了那份友谊。 (1)play a trick/tricks on=play a joke/jokes on开……的玩笑; 捉弄…… (2)trick into 诱使, 诱骗 trick out 装饰; 打扮 trick out of 骗取 [名师点津] 表示“开某人的玩笑；取笑某人”的英语表达方式还有： ①play a joke/jokes on sb. 取笑某人；开某人的玩笑 ②make fun of sb. 捉弄某人 ③laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 39. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会((ignored adj. 被忽视的; 被忽略的；ignorant adj. 无知的；ignorance n. 无知; 愚昧; 不懂) be ignorant of/about 对……不了解/不知道 be in ignorance of 对……无知; 对……不了解 【巧学助记】语境巧记ignore的用法 At school, he ignored learning about English culture, making himself ignorant of the customs in Britain. However, he wasn’t aware of his ignorance. 上学的时候,他忽视对英国文化的了解,这使得他对英国的风俗习惯一无所知。然而,他却未意识到自己的无知。 40. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受 (suffering n. 痛苦, 让人痛苦的事(常用pl. sufferer n. 患者, 受害者)。 suffer from遭受；忍受；患……病 (1)suffer作及物动词时，其后常接抽象名词，如上述的pain, loss, defeat, damage, punishment, poverty, hunger, hardship等。 (2)suffer作不及物动词时，常与from连用。suffer from指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病或其他之苦，意为“苦于……，患……病”。 41. contact vt. & n. 联系，联络 。 contact sb at... 通过(邮箱、电话等)与某人联系 get into/make contact with 和……取得联系 stay/keep in contact with 与……保持联系 be out of/lose contact with 与……失去联系 42. explode vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸vt. 使爆炸 (explosion n. 爆炸) explode with/into 突然爆发…… explode with laughter/anger 哄堂大笑/勃然大怒 43. opinion n. 意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 be of the opinion that 相信; 认为 the opinion of/about/on. . . 对……的看法 have a good/high opinion of 对……评价好/高 have a bad/low opinion of 对……评价不好/低 44. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬n. 尊敬，敬意；重视 (1)respect sb. as. . . 尊敬某人为…… respect sb. for. . . 因……而尊敬某人 (2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 out of respect 出于尊重 send/give one’s respects to sb. 代某人向某人致敬/问候 45. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量n. 措施；衡量 (1)measure. . . by. . . 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事 in full measure 最大程度地, 最大限度地 (1)measure表示“措施”时, 常用复数形式。 (2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高)”等时, 可看作系动词, 没有被动语态及进行时态。 【巧学助记】采取措施(measures)来测量(measure) Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant. 思考测量大象体重的办法。 46. reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 (reflect vt. 反映; 反射, 照出; 表达; 显示; 反省vi. 反射; 深思) (1) on reflection 经再三考虑 (2)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事 reflect sb. /sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像 47. seek (sought, sought) vi. 试图；寻找；争取vt. 寻求；寻找 seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek (after/for) sb. /sth. 追求/寻找某人/某物 seek out 找出; 寻出 seek one’s fortune 寻找成功(致富)的机会 48. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘n. 逃离，逃脱 (escaped adj. 逃脱的) (1)escape from. . . 逃脱…… escape doing sth. 逃避/避免做某事 sth. escape(s) sb. 某事/物被某人忘记 (2)narrow escape 死里逃生 ①escape本身为“离开”的意思, 不加away或off这样的副词。 ②escape 意为“被……忘记, 没有被……注意到”时, 用sth. escape(s) sb. 结构表示, 而不是用sb. escape(s) sth. 结构。 49. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效vt. 使受益vi. 得益于 (beneficial adj. 有益的) (教材原句)As we live in social groups, there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. (1)benefit from/by. . . =get benefit(s) from. . . 从……受益, 得益于 benefit sb. 使某人受益 (2)for the benefit of 为了……的利益 be of benefit to sb. =be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处 50. comfort vt. 宽慰，抚慰n. 舒服；安慰 (教材原句)Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. 一般来说, 亲密的友谊有三个“果实”: 抚慰心灵, 给头脑提供建议, 帮助我们实现为自己设定的目标。 (1)in comfort 舒适地 be a comfort to 对……是安慰 (2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人 comfort oneself with sth. 以某事来自我安慰 (3)comfortable adj. 舒适的; 舒服的 comfortably adv. 舒适地 51. admire vt. 钦佩；欣赏 (admiration n. 钦佩; 羡慕；admirable adj. 令人钦佩的; 极好的; 值得赞扬的) (1)admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人 with/in admiration 钦佩地, 羡慕地 express/have admiration for sb. 钦佩某人 【巧学助记】情景巧记admire The admirers admired their idol for his excellent painting, which they enjoyed with/in admiration, and because of having admiration for him, they often sent emails to him. 这些爱慕者因他的出色的油画而钦佩他们的偶像。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的油画。因为钦佩他, 他们经常给他发邮件。 52. immediately adv. 立即，马上conj. 一……就 ……→immediate adj. 立刻的，即刻的 53. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 专心; 关注; 集中; 聚集 concentrate (sth. ) on (doing) sth.　　　 集中于/专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s attention on. . . 把某人的注意力集中到…… concentrate sth. + 介词/副词 使某物集中(或集合、聚集) 54. concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 →concern n. 忧虑, 担心 be/become concerned about　　　 为……担心; 对……关注 be concerned with 关心; 涉及 as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言, 在某人看来 show/express concern for/over 对……表示关心 55. effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的；生效的→effectively adv. 有效地 in effect　　　　　　 事实上, 实际上 have an effect on 对……有影响 come into effect 生效 side effect 副作用 56. prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明，证实 57. frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→fright n. 害怕, 惊恐→frighten vt. 使惊吓, 使惊恐→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓坏了 58. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 59. amount n. 数量 60. treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理→treat v. 对待，治疗 61. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 赶时髦的 62. strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen v. 加强，增强→strong adj. 强壮的→strongly adv. 坚强地 63. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 64. content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满意的 v.使……满意 65. end up 最终成为，最终处于 end up with以……告终 end up＋副词/介词短语 以……告终 end up as最终成为…… end up doing sth. 以做某事告终 考点训练 Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 2．To our ，he didn’t feel at the result of the exam.(amaze) 2．He himself with the most task，and amazingly he finished it perfectly.(challenge) 3．They hold the belief that everyone is born and should be treated .After all， _____ is one of the basic human rights.(equal) 4．He a large amount of money to the project. In other words，he made great to the success of the project.(contribute) 5．He went to the big city to try his and ，he got a high-paid job one month later.(fortune) 6．The boss was too to hold back his ，and he shouted at his employees .(angry) 7．My brother was too about the coming examination，so we arranged a picnic to relieve his .(anxious) 8．Parents tend to be about everything their children，showing great ______for their mental health.(concern) 9．The amazing shocked us so much that we requested that he (should) _____ it again.(perform) 10． from his unwilling expression，the judge didn’t believe the witness’ ________.(judge) II.从上面四个思维导图中的短语中选出适当的短语完成句子 1．You should this chance to show your talent. 2．The film that we are seeing will be on show next week. 3．Sincerely I hope the suggestions above can your Chinese study. 4．Our sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather. 5．If you want to achieve your aim，you must working hard. 6．They argued over and over and neither side would . 7．Because of the economic crisis last year，unemployment of graduates in that country. 8．Generally，listening to some soft music can always myself ，even in deep depression. 9．The company is suffering a very serious financial problem and it is now. 10．Nowadays，more and more people are doing some exercise to . Ⅲ完成句子/ 单句写作 1．(建议信) 为了让你快速适应这里的学校生活，我写信给你一些建议。(不定式作状语)、 ________________________________________________，I am writing to give you some tips. 2．（人际关系）首先，交一些中国朋友对你来说很重要，他们可以在很多方面帮助你。(it is＋adj.＋for sb to do) First of all，_________________________________，who can help you in many ways. 3．（演讲稿）同样重要的是你对生活的积极态度和对自己的信心。(完全倒装句) ______________________________________________________________________________. 4．（求助信） 一开始，我发现适应这儿的生活很难。(find＋it＋adj.＋to do) In the beginning，___________________________________________________. 5．（介绍）因为这里的课程与中国的课程非常不同，所以我不得不求助于我的老师和同学。(so...that...) Because the classes here are ________________________I have to turn to my teachers and classmates for help. 6．（咨询信）我写信向你征求如何与父母相处的建议。(“特殊疑问词＋to do”作宾语) I am writing to ask you for advice on__________________________________________. 7．如今，我和他们争吵似乎很常见。(it作形式主语) Nowadays，_______________________________________________________________.. 8．我希望我们能停止这种紧张关系，和睦相处。(虚拟语气) I wish __________________________________and live in harmony with each other. 9．只要他们有空，他们就会带我们参观全国各地的名胜古迹。(whenever引导状语从句) _____________________________，they would show us around places of interest all over our country. 10．我们在迪士尼乐园里有许多可以探索(explore)的地方。(have sth to do) We __________________________________in the Disneyland. 11．我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister__________________________________________________. 12．她不知道是应该先和朋友谈谈还是等着她来道歉。(whether...or) She didn’t know________________________________________________________________. 13．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends，I think _______________________________________before things get worse. ( 22 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 必修一 重点单词及其变形，词组，短语，句型 考点浏览 Unit 1 Back to school Unit 2 Let’s talk teens Unit 3 Getting along with others Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 重点单词变形 1. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 2. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 3. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 4. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 5. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 6. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 7. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 8. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 9. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 10. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 11. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 13. argue vi. 争论, 辩论vt. 辩论, 争论, 论证; 说理→argument n. 论证; 论据 14. anxious adj. 令人焦虑的; 担忧的; 渴望的; 急切的→anxiety n. 焦虑; 渴望 15. anger n. 怒火, 愤怒→angry adj. 生气的; 愤怒的 16. mental adj. 精神的; 智力的; 思想的→mentality n. 心态; 智力→mentally adv. 精神上, 智力上; 心理上 17. desire n. & vt. 希望; 渴望→desirable adj. 值得拥有的, 令人向往的 18. regular adj. 频繁的; 有规律的→regularly adv. 频繁地; 有规律地 19. concern n. 担心, 忧虑; 关爱 vt. 影响, 牵扯; 涉及; 使担心→concerned adj. 有关的; 关心的 20. design n. 设计; 构思; 设计图样 vt. 设计; 制订 →designer n. 设计师; 谋划者 21. secure adj. 安全的; 无虑的; 稳当的; 可靠的 →security n. 安全, 安全性; 保证 22. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 →graduation n. 毕业; 毕业典礼 23. origin n. 起源; 源头; 起因→ original adj. 起初的; 独创的; 原作的 24. recover　v. 恢复健康; 恢复常态→ recovery n. 恢复 25. respond　v. 回应, 回答; 作出反应, 响应→ response n. 响应 26. apology n. 道歉→ apologize vi. 道歉, 谢罪 27. ignore vt. 忽视, 对……不予理会→ ignorant adj. 无知的 28. reflect  v. 反映 → reflection n. 沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映 29. benefit v. &n. 使受益; 益处; 优势→ beneficial adj. 有益的 30. comfort vt. /n. 宽慰, 抚慰; 舒服; 安慰→ comfortable adj. 舒服的 31. recognize vt. 承认, 意识到; 认出, 辨别出→ recognition n. 识别; 承认 32. crowd n. /v. 一伙人, 一帮人; 人群; 使拥挤; 挤满; 聚集; 挤, 涌 → crowded adj. 拥挤的 33. admire vt. 欣赏; 钦佩→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 34. immediate adj. 立即的→immediately adv. 立即, 马上 35. concentrate vi. &vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注→concentration n. 专心, 专注 36. extreme adj. 极端的; 严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极其 37. effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响→effective adj. 有效的 38. slight adj. 轻微的→slightly adv. 稍微, 略微 39. energy n. 精力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的, 充满活力的 40. beauty n. 美, 美丽; 美人, 美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的 41. fashion n. 时尚, 时兴; 流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的 42. talent n. 天资, 天赋; 人才, 天才→ talented adj. 天才的; 有天赋的 重点词汇讲解 1. potential adj.潜在的;可能的 n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质→potentials(复数) →potentially adv. 潜在地 → potent adj. 有效的；强有力的 potential customers 潜在的客户 a potential source of conflict 潜在的冲突根源 the potential for change 变革的可能性 have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的可能 2. senior adj.中学的；级别(或地位)高的; 高级水平的;老年的n.较…年长的人;级别(或地位)较高者;上级;上司; 高水平运动员 →junior （反义词） be senior to 比… 年长;比… 资深；比… 级别（地位）高 （be junior to 比… 年幼; 比… 资历浅；比… 级别（地位）低 ） be senior to sb by … years 比某人大…岁 senior high schools 高级中学 a senior officer/manager/lecturer, etc. 高级军官、高级经理、高级讲师等 take part in senior competitions 参加成人比赛 3. challenge n. 挑战；怀疑 vt. 向…挑战；对…质疑→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的；不赞成的 an exciting/interesting challenge 令人激动的╱令人感兴趣的挑战 meet the challenge  迎接挑战；满足要求 rise to the challenge  接受挑战，奋起应付挑战 challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战… challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事 a challenging and rewarding career as a teacher  富有挑战性且有意义的教师职业 4. advance n.前进，行进;进步;进展 v. 前进，发展，进步;促进 →advanced adj. adj. 先进的；高级的；晚期的；年老的 in advance  adv. 预先，提前 in advance of  超过；在…前 recent advances in medical science 医学的最新进展 advanced technology  先进技术 advanced stage 晚期；高级阶段 ①They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.  夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里 ②advance our understanding of language learning提高了我们对语言学习的认识 ③There were only three of us on the advanced course. 只有我们三人学高级课程。 5. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 感到惊叹的→ amaze vt. 使吃惊→ amazingly adv. 令人惊讶地；惊奇地→ amazement n. 惊异；惊愕 where amazing happens  奇迹发生之地 an amazing achievement/discovery/success/performance  惊人的成就╱发现╱成功╱表演 be amazed at (by) 对…感到惊叹 to one’s amazement 让人感到惊叹的是 in amazement 惊讶地 【联想助记】 情感类动词 v＋ing 表示“使人感到....的” v＋ed表示“感到.....的” Eg: excite/exciting/excited disappoint/ disappointing/ disappointed move/ moving/ moved surprise/ surprising/ surprised 6. confidence n.信心;信任;把握→ confident adj.自信的; 有把握的→ confidently adv. 自信地；安心地→confidential adj. 秘密的；机密的 →self-confidence n. self-confident  have confidence in = have belief in 对…有信心 gain confidence 获得自信 be confident in/ of/ about 对… 有信心 7. equal adj. (大小、数量、价值等) 相同的，同样的; 相等的; 平等的; 同等的; (力气、勇气、能力等) 相当的; 能胜任的; 能应付的 n. 同等的人; 相等物; v. 与…相等，等于; 比得上; 敌得过 →equally adv. 同样地；相等地，平等地；公平地 equality n.  平等；相等 be equal to (doing) sth 相等；胜任；合适 (做某事) equal rights/pay 平等的权利；同酬 on equal ˈterms (with sb) （与某人）处于平等的地位 be without equal/ have no ˈequal 无与伦比；无敌；无比 2 plus 2 equals 4 2+2=4 equal sb/ sth in (doing) in 在(做) 某事方面逼得上，敌得过某人（某物） equal the world record. 平了世界纪录 ①There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. 这个班男女生人数相等。 ②The company has an equal opportunities policy (= gives the same chances of employment to everyone) . 这家公司的政策是人人机会均等。 ③He is a player without equal. 他是个无与伦比的运动员。 ④This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled. 这一成就可能任何时候都没有能与之匹敌的。  8. responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的 比较级→ more responsible最高级 most responsible →responsibility n. 责任，职责；义务 duty （同义词）n.责任；义务；本分 be responsible for 为… 负责；是……的原因 responsible care 责任关怀义务关心 sense of responsibility 责任感，责任心 social responsibility 社会责任 take on responsibility 承担责任 have/ take responsibility for 对… 有责任 It is one’s responsibility to do sth 做某事是某人的责任 ①Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children. 即使父母不再共同生活，他们也要分别对子女负责。 ②He is mentally ill and cannot be held responsible for his actions. 他有精神病，不能对自己的行为负责。 ③It is their responsibility to ensure that the rules are enforced. 他们有责任确保制度的执行 9. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的 → depend vi 依赖，依靠；取决于 →dependent adj.依靠的；取决于…的→ dependently adv.依赖地→ dependence n. 依赖；依靠→ independently adv. 独立地→independence n. 独立 （注意构词法） be independent of 不依赖…的；不受…支配的 an independent inquiry/witness 独立的调查；无偏见的证人 financially independent 经济独立 The Independence Day 独立日 independence study 自主学习 School spirit: the spirit of independence, freedom of thought. 学校精神：独立之精神，自由之思想 ①We're going independent from the university and setting up our own group. 我们将从大学独立出去，成立我们自己的集团。 ②She would like to be more financially independent. 她想要在财政上更加独立。 ③A good teacher encourages independence of thought. 好的教师鼓励独立思考。 10. aim n.目的;目标;瞄准 v. 力争做到;目的是;旨在;瞄准;针对→ purpose n. / intent (intention)/ target v/ n (同义词) take aim at sb/sth 把目标对准某人（或某事物） with the aim of 为了… aim at sth/ doing sth 对准，瞄准；目标是 （做某事） be aimed at 以… 为目标 aim to do sth 立志做某事；意欲做某事 ①Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标 ②They aim at improving quality rather than increasing quantity. 他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。 ③Criticism should be aimed at helping those criticized. 批评应该是与人为善的批评。 11. exchange n. 交换；交流；交易 vt. 交换；交易；兑换 exchange sth for sth 以某物交换某物 exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物 make an exchange 交换 in exchange for 以… 交换… ①Juliet and David exchanged glances (= they looked at each other) . 朱丽叶和戴维相互看了看对方。 ②I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. 我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。  ③Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera? 用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？ 12. contribution n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿→contribute vt. 贡献；捐赠；投稿→ contributor n. 贡献者；投稿者；捐助者 contribute to 有助于；导致，促成； contribute … to … 向… 投稿/ 捐赠 make (great) contributions to 对…做出(巨大的)贡献 ①We contributed ￡5 000 to the earthquake fund. 我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。 ②The three sons also contribute to the family business. 3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。 ③ Learning English makes contributions to one's development to some extent. 英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。 13. fortunately adv. 幸运的→ fortune n. 财富；命运；运气→ fortunate adj. adj. 幸运的;吉利的 →misfortune n. 不幸 → unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv. make a fortunate 发财 try one’s fortunate 碰运气 be fortunate in 在某方面幸运 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 ①I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started. 我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。 ②I was fortunate to be one of the lucky user. 我有幸成为幸运网友之一。 ③We became companions in misfortune. 我们成了患难之交。 14. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 →anxiously adv. 焦虑地 be anxious for/about 担心/渴望…… be anxious to do...渴望做…… be anxious that ...(should) do... 渴望…… with anxiety 焦急地 [名师点津]　(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时，则为可数名词。 (2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时，其后通常跟不定式或“for＋名词”作定语。 It’s natural for parents to be anxious about their children’s future. However, they are anxious to see the progress their children can make, so they are always pushing them too hard anxiously/with anxiety. I think parents should learn to turn their attention away from their kids, thus relieving their own anxiety and leaving their children enough space to develop. 父母为孩子的未来担心这很自然。然而,他们急于看到孩子所能取得的进步,因此总是焦虑地逼迫孩子。我认为,父母应该学会将自己的注意力从孩子身上转移,这样既能缓解自己的焦虑又能给孩子留足够的发展空间。 15. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所→spotless adj. 没有斑点的；干净的 (1)on the spot 当场；在现场；立即 (2)spot sb.doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 spot sb.from/in... 从……中辨认出某人 be spotted with 满是……的斑点；散布；点缀 [名师点津]　spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。 I finally spotted my friend in the crowd, who wore a white dress with pink spots. 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友，她穿着粉点白底的裙子。 16.anger n. 怒气，怒火→angry adj.发怒的，生气的 with/ in anger/ angrily adv.生气地，气愤地 be angry with sb. for sth. 因……与某人生气 Her mother hardly ever shouted at her in/with anger. 她的母亲几乎从来不怒气冲冲地对她喊叫。 Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger, because saying something angrily can make them comfortable. 愤怒的顾客经常抱怨来发泄他们的愤怒，因为愤怒地说些什么可以让他们感到舒服。 17. desire n. ＆ vt. 渴望，希望 (1)have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事 at one's desire 应某人的希望/要求 (2)desire sth. 渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that sb.(should)do 渴望/要求某人…… 1)Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. 即便如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给世界留下了深刻的印象。 2)The public desired that the result (should) be made in public. 公众希望把结果公布于众。 18. struggle vi. ＆ n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 struggle with/against与……作斗争 struggle for为……而斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 1)We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。 2)The two boxers struggled with/against each other and the referee separated them. 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。 19. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静adj. 镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.冷静地；平静地 (1)calm down 平静，镇静，安静 keep/remain calm 保持冷静 20. view n. 看法；视线；景色vt. 把……视为；观看 (1)have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/观看 in one's view/opinion 在某人看来 from one's point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发 point of view 观点；态度 in view of 由于；鉴于；考虑到 out of view 看不见；在视野之外 come into view 进入视野；被看见 (2)view...as... 把……看作…… 1)From my point of view, students should spend less time on computer games or the Internet. 依我看，学生应该少花些时间在电脑游戏或网络上。 2)In my view, the film isn't interesting at all. 在我看来，这部电影一点意思也没有。 3)He is honest and helpful and we all view him as our friend. 他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是我们的朋友。 21. concern n. 担心，忧虑；关心vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerning prep.有关；关于→concerned adj. 担心的；关注的；相关的 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心 (2)concern oneself about 对……表示关心/担心 (3)be concerned about/for 担心……；关心…… be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 as far as... be concerned 就……而言；依……之见 [名师点津](1)concern用作名词，表示“关怀；关心”时是不可数名词，而表示“对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事”时是可数名词。(2)concerned是形容词，用作前置定语时，意思是“关心的；挂念的；担心的”；用作后置定语时，意为“有关的；涉及的”。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authority concerned有关当局。 1)Our parents are concerned about our life and study. As far as I'm concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns. 我们的父母关心我们的生活和学习。就我而言，我们应该和他们谈谈，告诉他们我们的担忧。 2)As far as I am concerned, some other plans may work better. 对我来说，别的计划可能会更管用。 3)The police couldn't prove he was concerned with the crime, so they had to set him free. 警方无法证明他与该罪行有关，因此只好把他释放了。 22. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调vt. 强调，着重stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.强调/重视…… under stress 在压力下 under the stress of 为……所迫 (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 He stressed the importance of studying hard. / He put stress on studying hard. 他强调了努力学习的重要性。 After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. 经过一周紧张的工作，所有的员工都非常紧张和疲惫。他们抱怨说，很少有人能在压力下高效地工作。 23. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术 (1)design...for... 为……而设计…… be designed for/to do 计划做；打算用来做 be designed as 被设置为…… (2)by design 蓄意地，故意地 1)I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous designer. 我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名设计师设计的。 2)The subway was designed to relieve traffic jam. 这条地铁是为缓解交通拥挤而设计的。 24. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的 It is likely＋thatclause可能会…… sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事 [名师点津]likely的比较级和最高级为more likely， most likely或likelier， likeliest；反义词是unlikely。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family, it is more likely that you develop the ability to get on well with others. 如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。 25. performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行 I have affection for the amusing performance, performed by Samuel, an American jazz performer. 我很喜欢美国爵士表演者塞缪尔表演的有趣的表演。 26. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerness n. 热心，渴望→eagerly adv.急切地；渴望地；热心地 (1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，热心做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 be eager that ...(should...) 渴望……(从句用虚拟语气) [名师点津]　表达“渴望做某事”的短语还有： ①be anxious to do sth. ②be dying to do sth. ③be keen to do sth. ④long to do sth. 1)The students couldn’t hide their eagerness to get back home. They were eager to know when they can go home. 学生们无法掩饰他们想回家的渴望。他们急切地想知道他们什么时候可以回家。 2)Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 我们急切地围在桌子周围。我取下一个盒子，小心地放在妈妈面前。 27. account n. 账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 (1)on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不 give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 take sth. into account ＝take sth. into consideration ＝take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑 (2)account for 解释，说明；占……(比例) [名师点津] on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有by no means， in no way， on no condition， under no circumstances， in no case， at no time等。 28. rent n. 租金vi. ＆ vt. 租用；出租 (1)pay the rent 付租金  for rent 出租, 招租 (2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth. (out)to sb. 出租某物给某人 1)He was not sure whether he could get a job in time to pay the rent. 他不确定是否能及时找到工作来付房租。 2) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture. 1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租下了这所房子，卖掉了大部分家具。 29. graduate vi. ＆ vt. 毕业n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业 graduate from. . . 毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 My cousin is a graduate in physics, who graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company since graduation. 我表哥是北京大学物理系的毕业生。自从毕业以来，他一直在一家著名公司工作。 30. response n. 回复；反应，响应→respond vt. & vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 (1)in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语) make a response to 对……做出反应(强调动作) (2)respond to... 回应……；对……做出反应 respond that... 回答说…… None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题;换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何一个学生的回答。 31.sight n. 视野；视力；看见 out of (one’s) sight脱离(某人的)视线 lose sight of看不见 catch sight of看见 come into sight进入视野 at first sight乍一看；初次见到 at the sight of...一看见…… 【名师点津】sight也可指的是“风景，名胜”，是眼睛所能看到的景象，可以指的是美丽的风景，也可指的是悲惨的景象。常用复数形式sights 表示名胜古迹，人文景观等。 We waved until the car was out of sight. 我们一直挥手, 直到那辆汽车消失在视野中。 32. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制 (recovery n. 恢复; 痊愈) (1)recover from 从……中恢复; 痊愈 recover oneself 恢复健康; 恢复正常; 恢复知觉 (2)make a recovery from. . . 从……中恢复 33. loss n. 失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失 lose v. 丢失; 失去；lost adj. 迷路的; 迷失的) (1)the/a loss of. . . 　 ……的丢失/丧失 suffer (great) losses 遭受(重大)损失 make up for the loss 弥补损失 at a loss 不知所措, 困惑 (2)lose one’s way 迷路 be lost in 沉浸于; 全神贯注 get lost 迷路 34. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n. 法官；裁判员 (judg(e)ment n. 判决; 判断; 评价) judge...by/from... 根据……判断…… as far as I can judge 据我判断 judging by/from... 从……来判断 in one’s judg(e)ment 在某人看来 make a judg(e)ment on 对……作出评价 【名师点津】judging by/from表示“从……来看, 根据……判断”, 用在句首时, 为一个独立成分, 不受句子主语和时态的影响。英语中类似judging by/from用法的独立成分还有很多, 如generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking(一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说), considering(that). . . (考虑到, 鉴于, 就……而言), providing/provided(that). . . (假如, 倘若……)等。 【巧学助记】That judge judged that these ancient pictures should be judged by some judges of art. 那位法官认为这些古画应该由一些艺术鉴定家来鉴定。 35. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪 (apology n. 道歉, 谢罪) (1)apologize to sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb. that. . .向某人道歉…… (2)make/offer an apology to sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology= owe an apology to sb. 应向某人道歉 36. behaviour (AmE behavior)n. 行为，举止，态度 (behave vi.举止；(举止或行为)表现) •behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差 behave oneself表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 •well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.表现好/差的 37. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器 (1)in case 假使; 万一 in case of 假如发生; 万一发生 (2)in any case 无论如何, 不管怎样 in no case 决不(放句首时, 主句用部分倒装) in that/this case 既然那样/这样; 在那种/这种情况下 (3)as is often the case这是常有的事 38. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈n. 诡计，花招；戏法 (教材原句) When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. 我发现自己被他欺骗之后，真的好伤心，我放弃了那份友谊。 (1)play a trick/tricks on=play a joke/jokes on开……的玩笑; 捉弄…… (2)trick into 诱使, 诱骗 trick out 装饰; 打扮 trick out of 骗取 [名师点津] 表示“开某人的玩笑；取笑某人”的英语表达方式还有： ①play a joke/jokes on sb. 取笑某人；开某人的玩笑 ②make fun of sb. 捉弄某人 ③laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 39. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会((ignored adj. 被忽视的; 被忽略的；ignorant adj. 无知的；ignorance n. 无知; 愚昧; 不懂) be ignorant of/about 对……不了解/不知道 be in ignorance of 对……无知; 对……不了解 【巧学助记】语境巧记ignore的用法 At school, he ignored learning about English culture, making himself ignorant of the customs in Britain. However, he wasn’t aware of his ignorance. 上学的时候,他忽视对英国文化的了解,这使得他对英国的风俗习惯一无所知。然而,他却未意识到自己的无知。 40. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受 (suffering n. 痛苦, 让人痛苦的事(常用pl. sufferer n. 患者, 受害者)。 suffer from遭受；忍受；患……病 (1)suffer作及物动词时，其后常接抽象名词，如上述的pain, loss, defeat, damage, punishment, poverty, hunger, hardship等。 (2)suffer作不及物动词时，常与from连用。suffer from指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病或其他之苦，意为“苦于……，患……病”。 41. contact vt. & n. 联系，联络 。 contact sb at... 通过(邮箱、电话等)与某人联系 get into/make contact with 和……取得联系 stay/keep in contact with 与……保持联系 be out of/lose contact with 与……失去联系 42. explode vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸vt. 使爆炸 (explosion n. 爆炸) explode with/into 突然爆发…… explode with laughter/anger 哄堂大笑/勃然大怒 43. opinion n. 意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 be of the opinion that 相信; 认为 the opinion of/about/on. . . 对……的看法 have a good/high opinion of 对……评价好/高 have a bad/low opinion of 对……评价不好/低 44. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬n. 尊敬，敬意；重视 (1)respect sb. as. . . 尊敬某人为…… respect sb. for. . . 因……而尊敬某人 (2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 out of respect 出于尊重 send/give one’s respects to sb. 代某人向某人致敬/问候 45. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量n. 措施；衡量 (1)measure. . . by. . . 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事 in full measure 最大程度地, 最大限度地 (1)measure表示“措施”时, 常用复数形式。 (2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高)”等时, 可看作系动词, 没有被动语态及进行时态。 【巧学助记】采取措施(measures)来测量(measure) Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant. 思考测量大象体重的办法。 46. reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映 (reflect vt. 反映; 反射, 照出; 表达; 显示; 反省vi. 反射; 深思) (1) on reflection 经再三考虑 (2)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事 reflect sb. /sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像 47. seek (sought, sought) vi. 试图；寻找；争取vt. 寻求；寻找 seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek (after/for) sb. /sth. 追求/寻找某人/某物 seek out 找出; 寻出 seek one’s fortune 寻找成功(致富)的机会 48. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘n. 逃离，逃脱 (escaped adj. 逃脱的) (1)escape from. . . 逃脱…… escape doing sth. 逃避/避免做某事 sth. escape(s) sb. 某事/物被某人忘记 (2)narrow escape 死里逃生 ①escape本身为“离开”的意思, 不加away或off这样的副词。 ②escape 意为“被……忘记, 没有被……注意到”时, 用sth. escape(s) sb. 结构表示, 而不是用sb. escape(s) sth. 结构。 49. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效vt. 使受益vi. 得益于 (beneficial adj. 有益的) (教材原句)As we live in social groups, there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. (1)benefit from/by. . . =get benefit(s) from. . . 从……受益, 得益于 benefit sb. 使某人受益 (2)for the benefit of 为了……的利益 be of benefit to sb. =be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处 50. comfort vt. 宽慰，抚慰n. 舒服；安慰 (教材原句)Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. 一般来说, 亲密的友谊有三个“果实”: 抚慰心灵, 给头脑提供建议, 帮助我们实现为自己设定的目标。 (1)in comfort 舒适地 be a comfort to 对……是安慰 (2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人 comfort oneself with sth. 以某事来自我安慰 (3)comfortable adj. 舒适的; 舒服的 comfortably adv. 舒适地 51. admire vt. 钦佩；欣赏 (admiration n. 钦佩; 羡慕；admirable adj. 令人钦佩的; 极好的; 值得赞扬的) (1)admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人 with/in admiration 钦佩地, 羡慕地 express/have admiration for sb. 钦佩某人 【巧学助记】情景巧记admire The admirers admired their idol for his excellent painting, which they enjoyed with/in admiration, and because of having admiration for him, they often sent emails to him. 这些爱慕者因他的出色的油画而钦佩他们的偶像。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的油画。因为钦佩他, 他们经常给他发邮件。 52. immediately adv. 立即，马上conj. 一……就 ……→immediate adj. 立刻的，即刻的 53. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 专心; 关注; 集中; 聚集 concentrate (sth. ) on (doing) sth.　　　 集中于/专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s attention on. . . 把某人的注意力集中到…… concentrate sth. + 介词/副词 使某物集中(或集合、聚集) 54. concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 →concern n. 忧虑, 担心 be/become concerned about　　　 为……担心; 对……关注 be concerned with 关心; 涉及 as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言, 在某人看来 show/express concern for/over 对……表示关心 55. effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的；生效的→effectively adv. 有效地 in effect　　　　　　 事实上, 实际上 have an effect on 对……有影响 come into effect 生效 side effect 副作用 56. prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明，证实 57. frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→fright n. 害怕, 惊恐→frighten vt. 使惊吓, 使惊恐→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓坏了 58. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 59. amount n. 数量 60. treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理→treat v. 对待，治疗 61. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 赶时髦的 62. strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen v. 加强，增强→strong adj. 强壮的→strongly adv. 坚强地 63. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 64. content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满意的 v.使……满意 65. end up 最终成为，最终处于 end up with以……告终 end up＋副词/介词短语 以……告终 end up as最终成为…… end up doing sth. 以做某事告终 考点训练 Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 2．To our ，he didn’t feel at the result of the exam.(amaze) 2．He himself with the most task，and amazingly he finished it perfectly.(challenge) 3．They hold the belief that everyone is born and should be treated .After all， _____ is one of the basic human rights.(equal) 4．He a large amount of money to the project. In other words，he made great to the success of the project.(contribute) 5．He went to the big city to try his and ，he got a high-paid job one month later.(fortune) 6．The boss was too to hold back his ，and he shouted at his employees .(angry) 7．My brother was too about the coming examination，so we arranged a picnic to relieve his .(anxious) 8．Parents tend to be about everything their children，showing great ______for their mental health.(concern) 9．The amazing shocked us so much that we requested that he (should) _____ it again.(perform) 10． from his unwilling expression，the judge didn’t believe the witness’ ________.(judge) 答案：1. amazement, amazed, amazing, 2. challenged, challenging 3. equal, equally, equality 4. contributed, contributions 5. fortune, fortunately 6.angry, anger, angrily 7. anxious, anxiety 8. concerned, concerning, concerns 9. performer’s, performance, perform 10. Judging, judge, judgement II.从上面四个思维导图中的短语中选出适当的短语完成句子 1．You should this chance to show your talent. 2．The film that we are seeing will be on show next week. 3．Sincerely I hope the suggestions above can your Chinese study. 4．Our sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather. 5．If you want to achieve your aim，you must working hard. 6．They argued over and over and neither side would . 7．Because of the economic crisis last year，unemployment of graduates in that country. 8．Generally，listening to some soft music can always myself ，even in deep depression. 9．The company is suffering a very serious financial problem and it is now. 10．Nowadays，more and more people are doing some exercise to . 答案：1. take advantage of 2. looking forward to 3. make a difference to4. as a result of 5. stick to 6. back down 7. shot up 8. calm down 9. on the rocks 10. get into shape Ⅲ完成句子/ 单句写作 1．(建议信) 为了让你快速适应这里的学校生活，我写信给你一些建议。(不定式作状语)、 ________________________________________________，I am writing to give you some tips. 2．（人际关系）首先，交一些中国朋友对你来说很重要，他们可以在很多方面帮助你。(it is＋adj.＋for sb to do) First of all，_________________________________，who can help you in many ways. 3．（演讲稿）同样重要的是你对生活的积极态度和对自己的信心。(完全倒装句) ______________________________________________________________________________. 4．（求助信） 一开始，我发现适应这儿的生活很难。(find＋it＋adj.＋to do) In the beginning，___________________________________________________. 5．（介绍）因为这里的课程与中国的课程非常不同，所以我不得不求助于我的老师和同学。(so...that...) Because the classes here are ________________________I have to turn to my teachers and classmates for help. 6．（咨询信）我写信向你征求如何与父母相处的建议。(“特殊疑问词＋to do”作宾语) I am writing to ask you for advice on__________________________________________. 7．如今，我和他们争吵似乎很常见。(it作形式主语) Nowadays，_______________________________________________________________.. 8．我希望我们能停止这种紧张关系，和睦相处。(虚拟语气) I wish __________________________________and live in harmony with each other. 9．只要他们有空，他们就会带我们参观全国各地的名胜古迹。(whenever引导状语从句) _____________________________，they would show us around places of interest all over our country. 10．我们在迪士尼乐园里有许多可以探索(explore)的地方。(have sth to do) We __________________________________in the Disneyland. 11．我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister__________________________________________________. 12．她不知道是应该先和朋友谈谈还是等着她来道歉。(whether...or) She didn’t know________________________________________________________________. 13．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends，I think _______________________________________before things get worse. 答案：1. To make you quickly get used to the school life here 2. it is important for you to make some Chinese friends 3. Of equal importance are your positive attitude to life and confidence in yourself 4. I found it challenging to get used to the life here 5. so different from those in China that 6. how to get along/on with my parents 7. it seems common for me to have an argument with them 8. we could stop this tension 9. Whenever they were free 10. had a lot of places to explore 11. asking me how to deal with a tough problem 12. whether she should firstly talk with her friend or wait for her to make an apology 13. it’s time for them to have a talk with each other ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$