精品解析：上海市松浦中学2024-2025学年高三上学期英语期中考试卷

2024学年第一学期高三年级英语学科期中考试卷 I. Grammar and vocabulary （20 分） Section A（10 %） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a sport ____1____ two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth ____2____ a table using a small bat. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Except for the initial serve, the rules are generally as follows: players must allow a ball played toward them to bounce one time on their side of the table, and must return it ____3____ it bounces on the opposite side at least once. When a player fails to return the ball within the rules, a point ____4____ (score). Play is fast and demands quick reactions. Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and ____5____ (limit) an opponent’s options, giving the hitter a great advantage. The sport originated in Victorian England, where it was played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game. ____6____ has been suggested is that make shift versions of the game were developed by British military officers in India in around 1860s or 1870s, ____7____ brought it back with them. A row of books stood up along the center of the table as a net, two more books served as rackets and were used to continuously hit a golf- ball. It had several different names, ____8____ (include) “whiff-whaff”. The name “ping-pong” was in wide use before British manufacturer J. Jaques& Son Ltd. trademarked it in 1901. The name “ping-pong” then came ____9____ (describe) the game played using the rather expensive Jaques’s equipment. A similar situation arose in the United States, where Jaques sold the rights to the “ping-pong” name to Parker Brothers. Parker Brothers then enforced its trademark for the term in the 1920s making the various associations _____10_____ (change) their names to “table tennis” instead of the more common, but trademarked, term. Section B （10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. traps B. creatures C. supply D. approaching E. acquiring F. delicately G. potential H. experimentally I. wandering J. attracted K. capture Brazilian ants build an unusual pitfall (陷阱) for bugs. Fallen feathers may appear harmless, but bugs in tropical Brazilian savannas (热带稀数草原) should think twice about ____11____ them. New research suggests Pheidole oxyops ants (氧化蚁) sometimes place feathers around their underground nest’s single entrance as bait for other ____12____ , which then tumble in. This behavior is an unusual example of ants using lures or____13____ rather than actively hunting down their prey. Inácio Gomes, an ecologist at the Federal University of Viosa in Brazil, had never seen any description in scientific studies of ants building traps. He first noticed feathers around ant nest entrances in city parks and on his college campus, and he found two hypotheses in scientific literature: the feathers could collect morning dew in dry areas, or they could act as lures. Gomes is lead author on an August study in Ecological Entomology that ____14____ tested both ideas. The researchers provided a ready ____15____ of wet cotton balls but found the ants still collected feathers, suggesting they were not being used for water. And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more ____16____ arthropods than those without. Gomes says that once prey such as mites, springtails or other species of ants fall in, the nest entrance’s soft walls make it hard for them to climb out, and the inhabitants quickly subdue them. Helen McCreery, a biologist at Harvard University, who was not involved in Gomes’s research, says the study is “really cool” and well done. “It’s a very charismatic, conspicuous behavior,” McCreery adds. “There are certainly very few examples of ants ____17____ food without leaving their nest.” McCreery wonders why preys are ____18____ to the feathers in the first place; Gomes suggests smell and shape are ____19____ draws. “In general, soil insects are very curious—that’s why pitfall traps are so effective,” Gomes says. Scientists use similar traps to _____20_____ wild specimens. Pheidole oxyops forage alone or in groups like other ant species--Gomes once saw them take down a praying mantis but he said they most likely supplement hunting with the feather traps to get through long dry seasons with scarcer prey. II. Reading comprehension （45 分） Section A（15 分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The Advantages of an Agenda An agenda is a list of topics to be introduced and discussed during a meeting. Agendas generally include a reading of the last meeting’s minutes or notes, relevant announcements, a review of the topics for discussion and a roll call. Although agendas take time to set up, in the long run they can ____21____ time and resources. Agendas provide an outline of discussion topics. The outline ____22____ the chairman or members of the meeting for getting important topics to introduce. When all topics are thoroughly discussed, valuable decisions can be made as a group during the meeting instead of ____23____ making plans outside the meeting. Agendas provide an opportunity to ____24____ members through announcements about critical events, goals and tasks. Agendas enable members who might not have aces to everyone in the organization to announce important news and hear news of interest. Without an agenda, announcements may not be communicated to all the members, which can result in ____25____. Agendas also summarize ____26____ meetings to help members review the progress made and ____27____ the focus for the current meeting. Agendas generally mention items to be discussed for the next meeting. This gives the members a chance to ____28____ the discussion topics before the meeting. At many meetings, outspoken members are more than eager to participate while reserved individuals may be more ____29____. However, knowing what is going to be discussed enables members to research topics of interests, ______30______ how the topics apply to their area and then make thoughtful, quality contributions at the meeting. An agenda prioritizes the most important activities, ______31______ productivity and focuses the members. The mere presence of an agenda creates a formal atmosphere and discourages members from ______32______ time. The agenda prepares the chairman and encourages consistency (一致性) and organization. An agenda also sets the objectives and gives the members a goal. This organizes the thoughts of the members, direction of the meeting and the action after the meeting. A collection of past agendas is an ideal ______33______ for external and internal institutions, organizations and the public for viewing the progress of your organization. The documentation helps the public and organization members assess ______34______ decisions, remind them of previous events or important figures and set feasible goals. The roll call also helps administration determine the most dedicated members by counting ______35______ and reviewing contributions to the meeting. This can help with decisions on which members to promote or assign the role of addressing the public. 21. A. take B. limit C. save D. invest 22. A. finds B. suggests C. sets D. provides 23. A. hurriedly B. favorably C. confidently D. nervously 24. A. warn B. question C. assure D. inform 25. A. coincidence B. confusion C. agreement D. criticism 26. A. previous B. crucial C. annual D. regular 27. A. shift B. narrow C. lose D. find 28. A. choose B. keep C. prepare D. handle 29. A. hesitant B. realistic C. active D. curious 30. A. insist on B. believe in C. approve of D. think about 31. A. restores B. influences C. reduces D. increases 32. A. sparing B. wasting C. gaining D. devoting 33. A. record B. situation C. alternative D. combination 34. A. tough B. right C. past D. final 35. A. numbers B. attendance C. losses D. money Section B （22 分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. （A） When it takes days to get to a city, seeking medical help can be a challenge. This is the reality in many villages in Amdo county, Nagchu city of the Xizang autonomous region. The county spans approximately 100,000 square kilometers, an area as vast as Jiangsu province. Due to the vastness and sparse (稀少的) population, a unique healthcare system has been established here. Tsega has worked as a village doctor in Amdo for over 40 years shuttling between grasslands and pastoral areas. “In the past, without vehicles, upon receiving messages about someone falling ill, sometimes I had to ride a horse, sometimes walk. It would take a four to five-day round trip to some villages,” Tsega said. With an average elevation exceeding 5,000 meters, conditions in Amdo make high-altitude cardiovascular diseases, gout (痛风) and high blood pressure relatively common. Discovering his passion for healing and helping others in his early 20s, Tsega embarked on self-study of Tibetan and traditional Chinese medicines, and later pursued over a year of professional training at the People’s Hospital in Nagchu, becoming proficient in Western medicine as well. Drawing from his years of medical experience, he tailors treatment methods — be it Tibetan, Chinese, Western or a combination — based on each patient’s needs. During his visits, he carries a variety of medications provided by the township hospital and purchases some himself. Tsega believes that soaking in hot springs can help ease pain or prevent illnesses related to high altitude. Over the past decade, he has personally funded annual hot spring activities for the elderly, weak and disabled across the area. In 1974, Tsega also cooperated with personnel from the Lanzhou military and geological teams for a 40-day filming project, capturing the beauty and fragility of the Yangtze River’s source. Since then, he has devoted his spare time to cleaning up the surrounding area, contributing to environmental protection efforts. 36. What made offering medical help difficult in the past in Amdo? A. Sparse population. B. Traffic inconvenience. C. High altitude. D. Environmental pollution. 37. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. fascinated by B. skilled at C. gifted in D. blessed with 38. Which of the following best describes Tsega’s personality? A. committed and selfless B. passionate and courageous C. sympathetic and grateful D. considerate and disciplined 39. What is the text mainly about? A. Tsega devotes his lifetime to environmental protection. B. The medical challenge has been tackled in sparsely populated areas. C. A doctor has used hot springs to relieve high-altitude diseases. D. A doctor is devoted to treating patients in a remote county. （B） We are always seeking ways to make our events more inclusive and to find new ways to deliver value to you. For 2024 we have reduced the ticket prices and introduced a new ticket option “super early bird” for our Instant Expert events. All our events will still be held at Conway Hall, 25 Red Lion Square, London. What doesn’t change is that each event will continue to feature six expert speakers sharing their knowledge and latest research on the event topic. What will you learn? Anyone interested in genetics (遗传学) can attend, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply a fascinated human being, Instant Expert: The Genetics Revolution offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. At this Instant Expert, you’ll learn about: ●Gene editing with CRISPR ●Whether DNA is destiny, Nature vs Nurture ●Genome sequencing and consumer DNA testing ●The ethics of creating new life What’s included in your ticket? ●In-depth and engaging talks from six leading scientists ●Ask-an-expert Question Time session ●Your chance to meet our six speakers and New Scientist host ●Exclusive on-the-day New Scientist subscription deal, book and merchandise offers Booking information: Doors will open at 9 a. m. on Saturday, May 25th, with talks starting an hour later. The event will finish at 5 p. m. Lunch will NOT be provided at this event, but the agenda includes a one-hour lunch break... Visitors are welcome to bring their own food, or purchase lunch at one of the many establishments around Red Lion Square and the surrounding area. Tickets are non-transferable to any other New Scientist event. All tickets are non-refundable. 40. Which is one of the changes about the event? A. The prices of the tickets. B. The place for the event. C. The time for entrance. D. The number of experts. 41. What can visitors do at Conway Hall? A. Edit gene with CRISPR. B. Have their DNA tested. C. Buy discounted books. D. Interact with the experts. 42. How long will the event last? A. About 9 hours. B. About 6 hours. C. About 5 hours. D. About 3 hours. （C） Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours . Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense children are always thinking without your telling them to. What’s more this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want in as few words as possible so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop . 43. According to the passage, children are natural scientists and to raise their interest the most important thing for adults to do is ________. A. to share the children’s curiosity B to let them see the world around C. to explain difficult phrases about science D to supply the children with lab equipment 44. In the last sentence of the first paragraph the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________. A. any questions B. questions from textbooks C. any number of questions D. any problems 45. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical complete and creative way if adults ________. A. ask them to answer quickly B. wait for one or two seconds after a question C. tell them to answer the next day D. wait at least for three seconds after a question 46. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________. A tell their children stories instead of reciting facts B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves C. be patient enough when their children answer questions D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own Section C （8分） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Google is my doctor When illustrator Scott Adams lost his voice, his doctors were confused. ____47____ It turned out that Scott was suffering from spasmodic dysphonia-a neurological disorder affecting the muscles to voice. With the help of Google Alerts and advice from his doctors, Scott got in touch with an expert in the US and had special surgery on his throat to cure his problem. He is now a firm believer of using the Internet for self-diagnosis. Adams is one of an increasing number of people who have started using the Internet to get health advice. The advantages are numerous, starting of course with the obvious convenience of getting a diagnosis from the comfort of your own home. ____48____ But the Internet can provide a vast number of specialized experts, and Googling can help you tap in to that. Diagnosing minor medical problems from information on the Internet can also have an impact on society’s medical costs. You can compare insect bites with Internet pictures, ask what type they are and whether they are dangerous without wasting your busy doctor’s precious time. However, it must be said that diagnosis is tricky, and comparing your rash (疹子) with an online photo may lead you down the wrong path. ____49____ Doctors also take into account your medical history, state of mind, etc. So no computerized symptoms checklist can equal a complete professional assessment. In conclusion, the Internet is a good starting point in diagnosing your health problems, but you should always consult your doctor before acting on anything you find there. ____50____ A. This condition was the very one that made him unable to speak. B. It was not until he turned to the Internet that he managed to identify his condition. C. On a professional level, there is no way one doctor can be an expert in everything. D. Appearance provides only ten percent of the information needed to make a diagnosis. E. To sum up, if your doctor refuses to talk to you, the Internet will give you a better solution. F. Do not underestimate the value of talking to real people — doctors and telephone helplines will help you put what you read into context. Ⅲ. Summary Writing（10分） 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Four-day Workweek In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. If a law required companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay, it would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option. The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional pay the company has to prepare for these people, because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone(容易出错的) employees for the same money, which would increase company profits. For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate. Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities. IV. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在网上下单时，记得核对信息。(order) （汉译英） 53. 他已经向野生动物保护组织捐赠了所有筹集来的资金。(donate)(汉译英) 54. 延迟退休的新闻一出来就引发了社会热议。（The minute…）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55. 不要人云亦云，要深入了解这些社会现象，知其然，知其所以然。（instead）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing （25分） 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 每个人的生活都不可能一帆风顺，都会或多或少遇到一些挫折。面对生活中的起起伏伏，你是怎么面对的？请你用英语写一篇文章，谈谈你经历过的一次挫折。你的文章必须包括以下内容： 描述你所经历过的一次挫折； 你当时的感受和面对挫折的态度； 你的反思。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期高三年级英语学科期中考试卷 I. Grammar and vocabulary （20 分） Section A（10 %） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a sport ____1____ two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth ____2____ a table using a small bat. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Except for the initial serve, the rules are generally as follows: players must allow a ball played toward them to bounce one time on their side of the table, and must return it ____3____ it bounces on the opposite side at least once. When a player fails to return the ball within the rules, a point ____4____ (score). Play is fast and demands quick reactions. Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and ____5____ (limit) an opponent’s options, giving the hitter a great advantage. The sport originated in Victorian England, where it was played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game. ____6____ has been suggested is that make shift versions of the game were developed by British military officers in India in around 1860s or 1870s, ____7____ brought it back with them. A row of books stood up along the center of the table as a net, two more books served as rackets and were used to continuously hit a golf- ball. It had several different names, ____8____ (include) “whiff-whaff”. The name “ping-pong” was in wide use before British manufacturer J. Jaques& Son Ltd. trademarked it in 1901. The name “ping-pong” then came ____9____ (describe) the game played using the rather expensive Jaques’s equipment. A similar situation arose in the United States, where Jaques sold the rights to the “ping-pong” name to Parker Brothers. Parker Brothers then enforced its trademark for the term in the 1920s making the various associations _____10_____ (change) their names to “table tennis” instead of the more common, but trademarked, term. 【答案】1. in which##where 2. across 3. so that 4. is scored 5. limits 6. What 7. who 8. including 9. to describe 10. change 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乒乓球的历史起源和名字来历。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：乒乓球，也称为桌球，是一项运动，在这项运动中，两个或四个球员使用小球拍在桌子上来回击球。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a sport，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用in which或者where引导。故填in which/where。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。表示“从……的一边到另一边”需用介词across。故填across。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：除了最初的发球外，规则通常如下：球员必须让打向他们的球在自己的球台边弹一次，并且必须将它打回，以便球在对面至少弹一次。此处需用so that引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 4题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：当球员未能按照规则将球打回时，就会得分。根据句中fails可知，句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语a point和score为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is scored。 【5题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：比赛节奏很快，要求球员有快速的反应能力，旋转球会改变球的轨迹并限制对手的选择，从而给击球者带来巨大的优势。空处和alters是并列关系，需用一般现在时，且谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填limits。 【6题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：有观点认为，这种游戏的简易版本是由19世纪60年代或70年代左右在印度的英国军官开发的，他们把它带了回来。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词British military officers，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：它有几个不同的名字，包括“whiff-whaff”。表示“包括”应用介词including。故填including。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“ping-pong”这个名字后来被用来描述使用相当昂贵的Jaques品牌设备进行的这项运动。此处作目的状语，需用动词不定式形式。故填to describe。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，在20世纪20年代，帕克兄弟公司（Parker Brothers）对其商标进行了保护，迫使各个协会将名称从更常用但已被注册的“ping-pong”改为“table tennis”（桌球）。make sb/sth. do sth为固定用法，空处需填省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填change。 Section B （10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. traps B. creatures C. supply D. approaching E. acquiring F. delicately G. potential H. experimentally I. wandering J. attracted K. capture Brazilian ants build an unusual pitfall (陷阱) for bugs. Fallen feathers may appear harmless, but bugs in tropical Brazilian savannas (热带稀数草原) should think twice about ____11____ them. New research suggests Pheidole oxyops ants (氧化蚁) sometimes place feathers around their underground nest’s single entrance as bait for other ____12____ , which then tumble in. This behavior is an unusual example of ants using lures or____13____ rather than actively hunting down their prey. Inácio Gomes, an ecologist at the Federal University of Viosa in Brazil, had never seen any description in scientific studies of ants building traps. He first noticed feathers around ant nest entrances in city parks and on his college campus, and he found two hypotheses in scientific literature: the feathers could collect morning dew in dry areas, or they could act as lures. Gomes is lead author on an August study in Ecological Entomology that ____14____ tested both ideas. The researchers provided a ready ____15____ of wet cotton balls but found the ants still collected feathers, suggesting they were not being used for water. And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more ____16____ arthropods than those without. Gomes says that once prey such as mites, springtails or other species of ants fall in, the nest entrance’s soft walls make it hard for them to climb out, and the inhabitants quickly subdue them. Helen McCreery, a biologist at Harvard University, who was not involved in Gomes’s research, says the study is “really cool” and well done. “It’s a very charismatic, conspicuous behavior,” McCreery adds. “There are certainly very few examples of ants ____17____ food without leaving their nest.” McCreery wonders why preys are ____18____ to the feathers in the first place; Gomes suggests smell and shape are ____19____ draws. “In general, soil insects are very curious—that’s why pitfall traps are so effective,” Gomes says. Scientists use similar traps to _____20_____ wild specimens. Pheidole oxyops forage alone or in groups like other ant species--Gomes once saw them take down a praying mantis but he said they most likely supplement hunting with the feather traps to get through long dry seasons with scarcer prey. 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. E 18. J 19. G 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍巴西蚂蚁利用羽毛作为诱饵建造陷阱捕捉猎物的行为，向读者普及了蚂蚁的一种特殊觅食方式和生态习性。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：落在地上的羽毛可能看起来无害，但在热带巴西稀树草原上，虫子们在靠近它们之前可得三思而后行。根据句意可知，空处意为“靠近”，担当宾语，应用动名词形式。选项D“approaching”，意为“靠近”，符合句意。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：新的研究表明，氧化蚁有时会在它们地下巢穴的唯一入口周围放置羽毛，作为诱饵吸引其他生物，让它们跌入陷阱。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据空前的“as bait”可推测，空处指的是“其他生物”；选项B“creatures”，意为“生物”，符合句意。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种行为是蚂蚁使用诱饵或陷阱而非主动追捕猎物的罕见例子。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式，指的是上文提到的“陷阱”；选项A“traps”，名词形式，意为“陷阱”，符合句意。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：Gomes 是8月在《生态昆虫学》杂志上发表的一项研究的主要作者，该研究对这两种想法进行了实验测试。分析句子成分可知，空处担当状语；根据下文内容可知，这些研究人员进行了实验测试。选项H“experimentally”，副词，意为“实验性”，符合句意。故选H。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究人员提供了充足的湿棉花球，但发现蚂蚁仍然收集羽毛，这表明它们不是为了取水。分析句子成分可知，空处担当宾语，根据空后的“wet cotton balls”可知，研究人员提供了湿棉花球。选项C“supply”，名词，意为“提供”，符合句意。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究小组还发现，周围有羽毛的人工陷阱捕捉到的漫游节肢动物比没有羽毛的陷阱要多。分析句子成分可知，空处修饰空后的“arthropods”，根据句意可知，人工陷阱铺捉到的是四处闲逛的节肢动物。选项I“wandering”，意为“漫游的”，符合句意。故选I。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：McCreery补充道，“蚂蚁在不离开巢穴的情况下获取食物的例子肯定非常少。”分析句子成分可知，空处担当宾语；根据空后的“food”可知，空处指的是“获得”；选项E“acquiring”，意为“获得”，符合句意。故选E。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：McCreery想知道为什么猎物首先会被羽毛吸引；Gomes 认为，气味和形状可能是潜在的诱因。根据上文“And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more ____6____ arthropods than those without.”可知，猎物容易被羽毛吸引。选项J“attracted”，意为“吸引”，和are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选J。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：McCreery想知道为什么猎物首先会被羽毛吸引；Gomes 认为，气味和形状可能是潜在的诱因。分析句子成分可知，空处考修饰空后的“draws”。选项G“potential”，意为“潜在的”，符合本句句意。故选G。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：科学家们使用类似的陷阱来捕捉野生样本。分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词原形；根据空后的“wild specimens”可知，空处意为“捕捉”；选项K“capture”，动词，意为“捕捉”，符合句意。故选K。 II. Reading comprehension （45 分） Section A（15 分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The Advantages of an Agenda An agenda is a list of topics to be introduced and discussed during a meeting. Agendas generally include a reading of the last meeting’s minutes or notes, relevant announcements, a review of the topics for discussion and a roll call. Although agendas take time to set up, in the long run they can ____21____ time and resources. Agendas provide an outline of discussion topics. The outline ____22____ the chairman or members of the meeting for getting important topics to introduce. When all topics are thoroughly discussed, valuable decisions can be made as a group during the meeting instead of ____23____ making plans outside the meeting. Agendas provide an opportunity to ____24____ members through announcements about critical events, goals and tasks. Agendas enable members who might not have aces to everyone in the organization to announce important news and hear news of interest. Without an agenda, announcements may not be communicated to all the members, which can result in ____25____. Agendas also summarize ____26____ meetings to help members review the progress made and ____27____ the focus for the current meeting. Agendas generally mention items to be discussed for the next meeting. This gives the members a chance to ____28____ the discussion topics before the meeting. At many meetings, outspoken members are more than eager to participate while reserved individuals may be more ____29____. However, knowing what is going to be discussed enables members to research topics of interests, ______30______ how the topics apply to their area and then make thoughtful, quality contributions at the meeting. An agenda prioritizes the most important activities, ______31______ productivity and focuses the members. The mere presence of an agenda creates a formal atmosphere and discourages members from ______32______ time. The agenda prepares the chairman and encourages consistency (一致性) and organization. An agenda also sets the objectives and gives the members a goal. This organizes the thoughts of the members, direction of the meeting and the action after the meeting. A collection of past agendas is an ideal ______33______ for external and internal institutions, organizations and the public for viewing the progress of your organization. The documentation helps the public and organization members assess ______34______ decisions, remind them of previous events or important figures and set feasible goals. The roll call also helps administration determine the most dedicated members by counting ______35______ and reviewing contributions to the meeting. This can help with decisions on which members to promote or assign the role of addressing the public. 21. A. take B. limit C. save D. invest 22. A. finds B. suggests C. sets D. provides 23. A. hurriedly B. favorably C. confidently D. nervously 24. A. warn B. question C. assure D. inform 25. A. coincidence B. confusion C. agreement D. criticism 26. A. previous B. crucial C. annual D. regular 27. A. shift B. narrow C. lose D. find 28. A. choose B. keep C. prepare D. handle 29. A. hesitant B. realistic C. active D. curious 30. A. insist on B. believe in C. approve of D. think about 31. A. restores B. influences C. reduces D. increases 32. A. sparing B. wasting C. gaining D. devoting 33. A. record B. situation C. alternative D. combination 34. A. tough B. right C. past D. final 35. A. numbers B. attendance C. losses D. money 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了议程在会议中的重要性及其带来的各种优势，包括为讨论提供大纲、提供信息公告的机会、为下次会议做准备、提高会议效率和生产力、以及作为组织进展的记录等。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管制定议程需要花费时间，但从长远来看，它们可以节省时间和资源。A. take拿、取；B. limit限制；C. save节省、挽救；D. invest投资。根据空前“Although agendas take time to set up”可推测，空处指的是节约时间。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个大纲有助于会议主席或成员引入重要话题。A. finds发现；B. suggests建议；C. sets设置；D. provides提供。根据上文“Agendas provide an outline of discussion topics.”可知，大纲为会议主席或成员提供了话题。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当所有话题都得到充分讨论后，团队可以在会议期间做出有价值的决策，而不是在会议之外匆忙制定计划。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. favorably有利地；C. confidently自信地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“valuable decisions can be made as a group during the meeting”可知，当所有话题都得到充分讨论后，团队可以在会议期间做出有价值的决策，而不需要在会议之外匆忙制定计划。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：议程通过公告为成员提供了了解关键事件、目标和任务的机会。A. warn警告；B. question询问；C. assure确保；D. inform通知。根据下文“critical events, goals and tasks”可知，议程通过公告告知成员关键事件、目标和任务。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有议程，公告可能无法传达给所有成员，这可能会导致混乱。A. coincidence巧合；B. confusion混乱；C. agreement同意；D. criticism批评。根据上文“Without an agenda, announcements may not be communicated to all the members”可推测，如果公告无法传达给所有成员，会带来混乱。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：议程还总结了之前的会议，以帮助成员回顾所取得的进展，并缩小当前会议的焦点。A. previous先前的；B. crucial关键的；C. annual每年的；D. regular定期的。根据下文“to help members review the progress made”可知，议程总结了之前的会议。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：议程还总结了之前会议，以帮助成员回顾所取得的进展，并缩小当前会议的焦点。A. shift转移；B. narrow变窄；C. lose失去；D. find找到。根据上文“Agendas also summarize ____6____ meetings to help members review the progress made”可知，议程总结了之间的会议内容，从而缩小了当前会议的焦点。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这为成员提供了在会议前准备讨论话题的机会。A. choose选择；B. keep保持；C. prepare准备；D. handle解决、处理。根据上文“Agendas generally mention items to be discussed for the next meeting.”可知，议程通常会提及下次会议要讨论的事项，由此可知，成员们可以在会议前准备话题。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在许多会议上，直言不讳成员都渴望参与，而内向的人可能会更加犹豫。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. realistic现实的；C. active积极的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“At many meetings, outspoken members are more than eager to participate”以及空前的“reserved individuals”可知，内向的人会显得犹豫不决。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，知道将要讨论什么内容，可以让成员研究感兴趣的话题，思考这些话题如何应用于他们的领域，然后在会议上做出深思熟虑、高质量的贡献。A. insist on坚持；B. believe in信任；C. approve of赞成；D. think about考虑。根据上文“knowing what is going to be discussed enables members to research topics of interests”可知，知道要讨论的内容会让成员思考这些话题如何应用于他们的领域。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：议程会优先安排最重要的活动，提高生产力，并使成员集中注意力。A. restores恢复；B. influences影响；C. reduces减少；D. increases增加。根据空后“focuses the members”可知，议程可以提高生产力。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅有议程的存在就创造了一种正式的氛围，并劝阻成员浪费时间。A. sparing节省；B. wasting浪费；C. gaining获得；D. devoting 投入。根据第一段“Although agendas take time to set up, in the long run they can ____1____ time and resources.”可知，议程会帮助成员节约时间，也就是不浪费时间。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去的议程集合是外部和内部机构、组织以及公众查看组织进展的理想记录。A. record记录；B. situation情况；C. alternative选择、替代方案；D. combination结合。根据空前“A collection of past agendas”以及空后“for external and internal institutions, organizations and the public for viewing the progress of your organization.”可知，议程是对过往的记录。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些文件有助于公众和组织成员评估过去的决策，提醒他们之前的事件或重要人物，并设定可行的目标。A. tough艰难的；B. right正确的；C. past过去的；D. final最后的。根据上文“A collection of past agendas is an ideal ____13____ for external and internal institutions, organizations and the public for viewing the progress of your organization.”可知，这些记录帮助公众和组织成员评估过去的决策。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：点名也有助于管理层通过计算出席人数和回顾会议贡献来确定最敬业的成员。这有助于决定提升哪些成员或指派谁担任与公众交流的角色。A. numbers数字；B. attendance出席人数；C. losses损失；D. money钱。根据空前“The roll call also helps administration determine the most dedicated members”可知，点名是计算出席人数。故选B。 Section B （22 分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. （A） When it takes days to get to a city, seeking medical help can be a challenge. This is the reality in many villages in Amdo county, Nagchu city of the Xizang autonomous region. The county spans approximately 100,000 square kilometers, an area as vast as Jiangsu province. Due to the vastness and sparse (稀少的) population, a unique healthcare system has been established here. Tsega has worked as a village doctor in Amdo for over 40 years, shuttling between grasslands and pastoral areas. “In the past, without vehicles, upon receiving messages about someone falling ill, sometimes I had to ride a horse, sometimes walk. It would take a four to five-day round trip to some villages,” Tsega said. With an average elevation exceeding 5,000 meters, conditions in Amdo make high-altitude cardiovascular diseases, gout (痛风) and high blood pressure relatively common. Discovering his passion for healing and helping others in his early 20s, Tsega embarked on self-study of Tibetan and traditional Chinese medicines, and later pursued over a year of professional training at the People’s Hospital in Nagchu, becoming proficient in Western medicine as well. Drawing from his years of medical experience, he tailors treatment methods — be it Tibetan, Chinese, Western or a combination — based on each patient’s needs. During his visits, he carries a variety of medications provided by the township hospital and purchases some himself. Tsega believes that soaking in hot springs can help ease pain or prevent illnesses related to high altitude. Over the past decade, he has personally funded annual hot spring activities for the elderly, weak and disabled across the area. In 1974, Tsega also cooperated with personnel from the Lanzhou military and geological teams for a 40-day filming project, capturing the beauty and fragility of the Yangtze River’s source. Since then, he has devoted his spare time to cleaning up the surrounding area, contributing to environmental protection efforts. 36. What made offering medical help difficult in the past in Amdo? A. Sparse population. B. Traffic inconvenience. C. High altitude. D. Environmental pollution. 37. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. fascinated by B. skilled at C. gifted in D. blessed with 38. Which of the following best describes Tsega’s personality? A. committed and selfless B. passionate and courageous C. sympathetic and grateful D. considerate and disciplined 39. What is the text mainly about? A. Tsega devotes his lifetime to environmental protection. B. The medical challenge has been tackled in sparsely populated areas. C. A doctor has used hot springs to relieve high-altitude diseases. D. A doctor is devoted to treating patients in a remote county. 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. A 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍的是穿梭于草原和牧区之间，为西藏边远地区的人民提供医疗服务的乡村医生Tsega。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子““In the past, without vehicles, upon receiving messages about someone falling ill, sometimes I had to ride a horse, sometimes walk. It would take a four to five-day round trip to some villages,” Tsega said.( Tsega说“在过去，没有交通工具，一接到有人生病的消息，我有时不得不骑马，有时不得不步行。往返一些村庄需要4到5天的时间。”)”可知，过去在安多，交通不便让提供医疗帮助变得困难。故选B项。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语前面的部分“and later pursued over a year of professional training at the People’s Hospital in Nagchu”可知，通过在那曲人民医院接受一年多的专业培训，Tsega肯定是熟练掌握了西医。所以，划线短语proficient in的意义为“在…方面很熟练，精通于”，与B项skilled at意义一致。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Tsega has worked as a village doctor in Amdo for over 40 years, shuttling between grasslands and pastoral areas. “In the past, without vehicles, upon receiving messages about someone falling ill, sometimes I had to ride a horse, sometimes walk. It would take a four to five-day round trip to some villages,” Tsega said.(Tsega在安多做了40多年乡村医生，穿梭于草原和牧区之间。Tsega说：“在过去，没有交通工具，一接到有人生病的消息，我有时不得不骑马，有时不得不步行。往返一些村庄需要4到5天的时间。”)”和第五段“Discovering his passion for healing and helping others in his early 20s, Tsega embarked on self-study of Tibetan and traditional Chinese medicines, and later pursued over a year of professional training at the People’s Hospital in Nagchu, becoming proficient in Western medicine as well.(在他20岁出头的时候，他发现了自己对治疗和帮助他人的热情，开始自学藏医和中医，后来在那曲人民医院接受了一年多的专业培训，也熟练掌握了西医。)”可知，Tsega是个尽心尽力的人。根据第六段的句子“During his visits, he carries a variety of medications provided by the township hospital and purchases some himself.(在就诊期间，他随身携带乡镇医院提供的各种药物，并自己购买一些。)”和第七段的句子“Over the past decade, he has personally funded annual hot spring activities for the elderly, weak and disabled across the area.(在过去的十年里，他个人资助了该地区为老人、弱者和残疾人举办的年度温泉活动。)”可知，Tsega是个无私的人。故选A项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是穿梭于草原和牧区之间，为西藏边远地区的人民提供医疗服务的乡村医生Tsega。所以，D项“A doctor is devoted to treating patients in a remote county.”可以概括本文主要内容。故选D项。 （B） We are always seeking ways to make our events more inclusive and to find new ways to deliver value to you. For 2024 we have reduced the ticket prices and introduced a new ticket option “super early bird” for our Instant Expert events. All our events will still be held at Conway Hall, 25 Red Lion Square, London. What doesn’t change is that each event will continue to feature six expert speakers sharing their knowledge and latest research on the event topic. What will you learn? Anyone interested in genetics (遗传学) can attend, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply a fascinated human being, Instant Expert: The Genetics Revolution offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. At this Instant Expert, you’ll learn about: ●Gene editing with CRISPR ●Whether DNA is destiny, Nature vs Nurture ●Genome sequencing and consumer DNA testing ●The ethics of creating new life What’s included in your ticket? ●In-depth and engaging talks from six leading scientists ●Ask-an-expert Question Time session ●Your chance to meet our six speakers and New Scientist host ●Exclusive on-the-day New Scientist subscription deal, book and merchandise offers Booking information: Doors will open at 9 a. m. on Saturday, May 25th, with talks starting an hour later. The event will finish at 5 p. m. Lunch will NOT be provided at this event, but the agenda includes a one-hour lunch break... Visitors are welcome to bring their own food, or purchase lunch at one of the many establishments around Red Lion Square and the surrounding area. Tickets are non-transferable to any other New Scientist event. All tickets are non-refundable. 40. Which is one of the changes about the event? A. The prices of the tickets. B. The place for the event. C. The time for entrance. D. The number of experts. 41. What can visitors do at Conway Hall? A. Edit gene with CRISPR. B. Have their DNA tested. C. Buy discounted books. D. Interact with the experts. 42. How long will the event last? A. About 9 hours. B. About 6 hours. C. About 5 hours. D. About 3 hours. 【答案】40. A 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了即将举行的“Instant Expert: The Genetics Revolution”活动，包括活动的目的、内容、票价、时间安排等信息。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For 2024 we have reduced the ticket prices and introduced a new ticket option “super early bird” for our Instant Expert events.(2024年，我们降低了门票价格，并为我们的即时专家活动引入了新的门票选择“super early bird”)”可知，今年的票价将下调。故选A项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据What’s included in your ticket?下的“●Ask-an-expert Question Time session(向专家提问时间)”可知，游客在Conway Hall可以与专家互动。故选D项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Doors will open at 9 a. m. on Saturday, May 25th, with talks starting an hour later. The event will finish at 5 p. m. Lunch will NOT be provided at this event, but the agenda includes a one-hour lunch break...(会议将于5月25日(周六)上午9点开始，一小时后开始会谈。活动将于下午5点结束。本次活动不会提供午餐，但议程包括一个小时的午休时间…)”可知，上午9点开门，讲座10点开始，下午5点结束，扣除1个小时的午休时间，所以活动将持续大约6个小时。故选B项。 （C） Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours . Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense children are always thinking without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want in as few words as possible so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop . 43. According to the passage, children are natural scientists and to raise their interest the most important thing for adults to do is ________. A. to share the children’s curiosity B. to let them see the world around C. to explain difficult phrases about science D. to supply the children with lab equipment 44. In the last sentence of the first paragraph the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________. A any questions B. questions from textbooks C. any number of questions D. any problems 45. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical complete and creative way if adults ________. A. ask them to answer quickly B. wait for one or two seconds after a question C. tell them to answer the next day D. wait at least for three seconds after a question 46. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________. A. tell their children stories instead of reciting facts B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves C. be patient enough when their children answer questions D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，说明了孩子们开始作为自然科学家，渴望观察他们周围的世界，帮助他们享受科学家很简单。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity.(孩子们一开始是自然科学家，渴望了解周围的世界。帮助他们享受科学很容易；不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备。你只需要分享你孩子的好奇心)”可知，孩子是自然科学家，为了提高他们的兴趣，成年人最重要的事情是分享孩子们的好奇心。故选A项。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering we sat facing one another in silence.(我曾经参观过一个7岁孩子们的教室，把科学作为一项工作来讨论。孩子们问我一些“教科书式的问题”，比如学校的薪水，以及我是否喜欢我的工作。我回答完后，我们面对面地坐着，一言不发)”可知，作者和孩子们是完成了一些“教科书式的问题”，所以lists可以替换为“课本上的问题”。故选B项。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers.(其次，给他们思考的时间。过去30年的研究表明，在提出一个问题后，成年人通常只等一秒钟或更短的时间就会得到答案，没有时间让孩子思考。当大人将“等待时间”增加到3秒或更多时，孩子们给出的答案更有逻辑、更完整、更有创意)”可知，如果大人在回答问题后至少等三秒钟，孩子们可以用更合乎逻辑、更完整、更有创造性的方式回答问题。故选D项。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers.(当大人将“等待时间”增加到3秒或更多时，孩子们给出的答案更有逻辑、更完整、更有创意)”也就是当孩子回答问题时要有足够的耐心，根据第一段“Firstly, listen to their questions.(首先，听他们的问题)”也就是鼓励孩子提出自己的问题，以及最后一段“Lastly, show; don’t tell.(最后，展示；不要告诉)”可知，是让孩子有机会亲眼看看，所以文中提到的技巧包括给孩子观察的机会，耐心等待孩子回答问题以及鼓励孩子提问，而没有提到用讲故事代替记诵事实。故选A项。 Section C （8分） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Google is my doctor When illustrator Scott Adams lost his voice, his doctors were confused. ____47____ It turned out that Scott was suffering from spasmodic dysphonia-a neurological disorder affecting the muscles to voice. With the help of Google Alerts and advice from his doctors, Scott got in touch with an expert in the US and had special surgery on his throat to cure his problem. He is now a firm believer of using the Internet for self-diagnosis. Adams is one of an increasing number of people who have started using the Internet to get health advice. The advantages are numerous, starting of course with the obvious convenience of getting a diagnosis from the comfort of your own home. ____48____ But the Internet can provide a vast number of specialized experts, and Googling can help you tap in to that. Diagnosing minor medical problems from information on the Internet can also have an impact on society’s medical costs. You can compare insect bites with Internet pictures, ask what type they are and whether they are dangerous without wasting your busy doctor’s precious time. However, it must be said that diagnosis is tricky, and comparing your rash (疹子) with an online photo may lead you down the wrong path. ____49____ Doctors also take into account your medical history, state of mind, etc. So no computerized symptoms checklist can equal a complete professional assessment. In conclusion, the Internet is a good starting point in diagnosing your health problems, but you should always consult your doctor before acting on anything you find there. ____50____ A. This condition was the very one that made him unable to speak. B. It was not until he turned to the Internet that he managed to identify his condition. C. On a professional level, there is no way one doctor can be an expert in everything. D. Appearance provides only ten percent of the information needed to make a diagnosis. E. To sum up, if your doctor refuses to talk to you, the Internet will give you a better solution. F. Do not underestimate the value of talking to real people — doctors and telephone helplines will help you put what you read into context. 【答案】47. B 48. C 49. D 50. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在线诊断病情的利弊。 【47题详解】 上文“When illustrator Scott Adams lost his voice, his doctors were confused.(当插画家斯科特·亚当斯失声时，他的医生很困惑)”说明医生们不清楚斯科特失声的原因，B项“It was not until he turned to the Internet that he managed to identify his condition.(直到他求助于互联网后，他才设法弄清自己的病情)”衔接上文，说明斯科特通过网上查询，弄清楚了自己的病情，并引出下文具体失声的原因“It turned out that Scott was suffering from spasmodic dysphonia-a neurological disorder affecting the muscles to voice.(事实证明，斯科特患有痉挛性发声障碍——一种影响肌肉发声的神经系统疾病)”，衔接恰当。故选B项。 【48题详解】 下文“But the Internet can provide a vast number of specialized experts, and Googling can help you tap in to that.(但是互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，谷歌可以帮助你找到他们)”说明在线咨询病情的优势，因为互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，C项“On a professional level, there is no way one doctor can be an expert in everything.(在专业层面上，一个医生不可能成为所有方面的专家)”说明一个医生并不能知晓所有疾病，引出下文的转折——但互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，衔接恰当。故选C项。 【49题详解】 上文“However, it must be said that diagnosis is tricky, and comparing your rash (疹子) with an online photo may lead you down the wrong path.(然而，必须指出的是，诊断是很棘手的，将你的皮疹与网上的照片进行比较可能会让你走上错误的道路)”说明只依靠图片在线诊断也可能有误，D项“Appearance provides only ten percent of the information needed to make a diagnosis.(外观只提供诊断所需信息的百分之十)”衔接上文，说明只依靠图片诊断有误的原因，引出下文“Doctors also take into account your medical history, state of mind, etc.(医生还会考虑你的病史、精神状态等)”说明完整的诊断还需要考虑其他因素，衔接恰当。故选D项。 【50题详解】 上文“In conclusion, the Internet is a good starting point in diagnosing your health problems, but you should always consult your doctor before acting on anything you find there. (总之，互联网是诊断你的健康问题的一个很好的起点，但你应该在采取任何行动之前咨询你的医生)”说明在线诊断有好处，但还需和自己的医生沟通交流，F项“Do not underestimate the value of talking to real people — doctors and telephone helplines will help you put what you read into context.(不要低估与真实的人交谈的价值——医生和电话热线会帮助你把你解读到的东西结合到你自己的实际情况中)”衔接上文，说明和医生交流病情的价值，符合语境。故选F项。 Ⅲ. Summary Writing（10分） 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Four-day Workweek In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. If a law required companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay, it would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option. The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional pay the company has to prepare for these people, because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone(容易出错的) employees for the same money, which would increase company profits. For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate. Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities. 【答案】 Working for four days a week with less pay would be beneficial at three levels. First, companies could increase profits by hiring more energetic and alert employees without increasing payroll costs. Second, the country would have lower unemployment rates with more people at work. Finally, employees would improve the quality of their lives with more free time. (57 words) 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章以一项新的工作制度“每周工作四天”为话题，讲述了该工作制度在三个层次能够带来的好处。如果员工可以每周工作四天，工资是正常工资的80%，这将有利于整个经济，也有利于个人公司和决定接受这一选择的员工。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①If a law required companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay, it would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option. ②The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. ③For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. ④Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities. 2.缜密构思 将每个要点简化重组。 3.遣词造句 ①Working for four days a week with less pay would be beneficial at three levels. ②Companies could increase profits by hiring more energetic and alert employees without increasing payroll costs. ③The country would have lower unemployment rates with more people at work. ④Employees would improve the quality of their lives with more free time. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Working for four days a week with less pay would be beneficial at three levels.(用一个简单句概括了第一段内容。“working for four days a week with less pay”为动名词作主语；用“at three levels”对后文提及的三个方面“the economy as a whole”，“the individual companies”以及“the employees”进行高度概括总结，表达比较高级。) [高分句型2]：First, companies could increase profits by hiring more energetic and alert employees without increasing payroll costs. (用一个复杂的简单句概括了第二段内容。其中，“by doing”为“介词+动名词”作方式状语，“without doing”为伴随状语等的用法比较高级。) IV. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在网上下单时，记得核对信息。(order) （汉译英） 【答案】When you order/ordering online, remember to check the information. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词、名词、非谓语动词和祈使句。根据题干，“在网上下单时”可翻译为when引导的时间状语从句；“记得核对信息”可翻译为祈使句。“在网上”可表示为online；“下单”可表示为order；“记得”可表示为remember，remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，其中不定式作宾语；“核对”可表示为check；“信息”可表示为information。根据句意，主从句的主语一致，所以时间状语从句也可省略主语you，order和逻辑主语“你”之间是主谓关系，所以可用现在分词形式。故本句可翻译为：When you order/ordering online, remember to check the information. 53. 他已经向野生动物保护组织捐赠了所有筹集来的资金。(donate)(汉译英) 【答案】He has donated all the funds that he raised to the wildlife conservation organization. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、定语从句、动词和名词。“向……捐赠……”可表示为donate...to...，根据句中的“已经”可知，这里应用现在完成时，主语为“他”（he），谓语要用单数；“野生动物保护组织”可表示为the wildlife conservation organization，为名词短语，作介词to的宾语；“筹集来的”修饰“所有资金”（all the funds），可用that引导的定语从句表示，其中动词“筹集”可表示为raise，且这里表示过去，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：He has donated all the funds that he raised to the wildlife conservation organization. 54. 延迟退休的新闻一出来就引发了社会热议。（The minute…）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The minute the news about delayed retirement came out, it aroused a heated discussion in society. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和时间状语从句。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。The minute意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。“延迟退休的新闻”译为“the news about delayed retirement”在从句中作主语；“came out”意为“出来”，在从句中作谓语；“引发”作主句谓语，用动词arouse，“a heated discussion”意为“热议”，作主句宾语，主句主语为前句提到的事，可用it代替。故译为: The minute the news about delayed retirement came out, it aroused a heated discussion in society. 55. 不要人云亦云，要深入了解这些社会现象，知其然，知其所以然。（instead）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Instead of just following what others say, you should gain a deep understanding of these social phenomena, knowing what it is and why it is. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、宾语从句和固定表达。“不要人云亦云”，根据题干要求需用instead，instead of (而不是)，follow (听从)，后接连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作say的宾语，“不要人云亦云”译为“instead of just following what others say”；“深入了解”可译为“gain a deep understanding of”，“这些社会现象”可用名词短语，译为“these social phenomena”；非谓语动词know和逻辑主语you是主动关系，know用现在分词形式作状语，后接连接代词what和连接副词why引导的宾语从句，what和why在从句中作表语，“知其然，知其所以然”译为“knowing what it is and why it is”。本句描述的是建议，因此适用一般现在时。故译为：Instead of just following what others say, you should gain a deep understanding of these social phenomena, knowing what it is and why it is. V. Guided Writing （25分） 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 每个人的生活都不可能一帆风顺，都会或多或少遇到一些挫折。面对生活中的起起伏伏，你是怎么面对的？请你用英语写一篇文章，谈谈你经历过的一次挫折。你的文章必须包括以下内容： 描述你所经历过的一次挫折； 你当时的感受和面对挫折的态度； 你的反思。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Everyone’s life is not always smooth, and setbacks are inevitable. One significant setback that I encountered was during my first year at university when I failed a major exam. At that moment, I felt discouraged, embarrassed, and worried about my academic future. However, instead of dwelling on my failure, I chose to view it as a learning opportunity. I reflected on my preparation methods and realized that I needed to improve my time management skills and actively seek help when needed. I also developed a more structured study plan and joined a study group for extra support. Through this experience, I learned that setbacks are not the end but a chance to grow and improve. It’s essential to stay resilient and maintain a positive attitude, as these are the keys to overcoming any challenge life throws at us. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。每个人的生活都不可能一帆风顺，都会或多或少遇到一些挫折。要求考生按照要求用英语写一篇文章，谈谈自己经历过的一次挫折。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不可避免的：inevitable → unavoidable 重要的：significant → important 遇到：encounter → run into 泄气的：discouraged → frustrated 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Everyone’s life is not always smooth, and setbacks are inevitable. 拓展句：Everyone’s life is not always smooth, and it is setbacks that are inevitable. 【点睛】【高分句型1】One significant setback that I encountered was during my first year at university when I failed a major exam.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句、when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】Through this experience, I learned that setbacks are not the end but a chance to grow and improve. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$