八年级英语上学期期末模拟卷（常州卷）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末模拟卷（常州卷） 英语 注意事项： 1.全卷满分90分。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。 2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。 第I卷（选择题 共56分） 一、单项选择（本题共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1．—Why is Jane so popular with her classmates? —Because she is always ________ enough to tell others the truth. A．humorous B．honest C．generous D．patient 2．We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain. A．are rowing B．rowed C．were rowing D．row 3．—Do I have to wear the thick coat this morning, mum? —Yes, dear. ________, you may have a cold. A．However B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．Instead 4．Which of the following sentences is “S+V+O”? A．He looks tired. B．What did she give you? C．I want a cup of coffee. D．The boy fell from his bike just now. 5．—Do you know how Jack hurt his left leg so badly? —Yes. It was the ________ of a car accident. A．result B．record C．report D．reserve 6．Jack is crazy about outdoor sports ________ Jenny likes staying at home all day. A．before B．while C．as D．when 7．Which of the following words rhymes with “snow”? A．blew B．sparrow C．now D．grew 8．—How many squirrels did you see in the zoo? Did you count them? —I needn’t. In fact, there was ________. A．not B．nothing C．none D．no one 9．—Did you enjoy the party last Saturday? —Yes, but it took us a long time to ________ the house after it. A．tidy up B．put up C．give up D．grow up 10．—Some e-bike riders break traffic rules on the road every day. —________! It is dangerous to other people. A．No way B．Take care C．Not at all D．What a shame 二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 If you go into this hotel, you may think you’ve walked into a wrong place. It is not a hotel but a library or 11 . No, you did not go wrong. It is a literary (文学的) hotel. It is the world’s largest one, called The Literary Man. In this hotel, books are 12 . This literary hotel is book lovers’ paradise (乐园). If you are in, you might 13 want to go out. This hotel is in Obidos, Portugal, an old town full of history and 14 . So the hotel is all about literature and writers. There are 30 rooms in it and all of them are 15 books. About 65,000 books are in every 16 of the hotel. Some of the books were bought by the owner, others came here through 17 guests (客人). In 2015, UNESCO named the village “City of Literature”. You may ask 18 it is called Literary Man rather than Literary Woman? In fact, the Literary Man is named after mankind (人类). It 19 that all of us are a part of the world of books. Welcome to this “book” hotel. Throw yourself into the world of books 20 you are waiting for your meals. Staying in such a wonderful hotel will bring you totally different feeling. 11．A．restaurant B．bookshop C．hospital D．theatre 12．A．everywhere B．anyway C．somewhere D．nowhere 13．A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never 14．A．culture B．energy C．humour D．joy 15．A．covered with B．filled with C．trapped in D．filled in 16．A．yard B．street C．corner D．shelf 17．A．your B．its C．them D．it 18．A．how B．what C．why D．when 19．A．makes B．names C．believes D．means 20．A．while B．until C．after D．before 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Here is a poster about a two-day trip between Hong Kong and Macao. Two-day trip between Hong Kong and Macao Date: July 15th—16th Travel: The bus in the city and the ship/boat between Hong Kong and Macao Places to visit: Hong Kong: Ocean Park and Victoria Peak Macao: Mazu Temple, the Ruins of St. Paul Cost: HK$600, including (包括) travel, three-star hotel, meals and tickets. Half for students or children under 1.4 m. For more information, call 852 3881 3502 or 852 3882 3503. Bill is a student at Sunshine Middle School. Last week he joined the two-day trip between Hong Kong and Macao with his parents. 21．In Hongkong you can visit _________. A．Victoria Peak B．Mazu Temple C．the ruins of St. Paul D．Moon Lake 22．Bill enjoyed the beautiful sights in the city by _________. A．ship B．boat C．bus D．underground 23．How much did Bill and his parents pay for the trip? A．HK$1800. B．HK$900. C．HK$1200. D．HK$1500. B Do you feel sleepy on rainy days? If the answer is yes, you are not alone. Many people feel the same way. But do you know why? One of the reasons is that there is little sunshine on rainy days. Our brain (大脑) will have less serotonin (血清素)and more melatonin (褪黑素) if there is not enough sunlight. Serotonin helps us feel good and energetic, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy. As a result, we may want to go to sleep and even feel a bit sad when it is rainy. The humidity (湿度) of a rainy day is another reason. As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It’s more difficult for our sweat (汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool. This can make us feel tired. Moreover, the sound of rain, a type of pink noise, will make us feel sleepy too. Like white noise,pink noise includes all the sound frequencies (频率) humans can hear, but it has fewer high frequencies than white noise. This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people’s brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily. Now you can understand why you are sleepy on rainy days. Then what can you do if you don’t like that feeling? Well, you can get as much natural light as possible and keep yourself busy. Also, you can use a machine to make your room dry. In this way, you won’t feel sleepy any more. 24．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By using a picture. D．By giving a weather report. 25．What does the underlined word “energetic” probably mean? A．cold B．active C．tired D．unhappy 26．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn________. A．white noise includes fewer high frequencies than pink noise B．people will have more brain waves when they hear pink noise C．the softer the noise sounds, the more easily people will feel sleepy D．it’s difficult for people to fall asleep when they hear pink noise 27．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some facts about different kinds of noises. B．The reasons why people need enough sleep. C．The reasons why people are sleepy in rainy weather. D．Some ways to help people sleep better on rainy days. C Chinese tennis player Zheng Qinwen has made Olympic history. She became the first Chinese player to win an Olympic tennis singles gold medal on August 3rd, 2024. Now she is known as “Queen Wen” online.   The 21-year-old tennis star was born in a sports family in Shi Yan, China. When she was a child, she liked exercising. When she went out with her father, she always walked or ran instead of taking the bus. She said, “Walking and running are good exercise. They make me healthy. And I can attend (参加) the Olympics when I’m older.”At the age of eight, her father took her to Beijing to watch the Olympics, she showed great interest in tennis. After getting back, she left home and began to train tennis in Wu Han. “My father, I didn’t see him for more than one year because during my childhood I didn’t have much time to spend with the family together.” Zheng Qinwen shared. One of her biggest inspiration (激励) was tennis legend Li Na. Li Na became the first Chinese player to win Grand Slam Singles title (大满贯单打冠军) in 2011. Zheng told the Tennis Channel how important it was for her. “Li Na won her first Grand Slam and I started thinking, ‘Oh, Asian (亚洲) players can also do something good in tennis.’ And then I think that she put a little seed (种子) in my heart that I also want to do it. I want to be like her, even better.” She was also inspired by one of the greatest tennis players Roger Federer, playing at the 2008 Beijing Games. Zheng made her first WTA (国际女子网球协会) debut in 2021. She broke into (闯进）the top 100 in 2022. Since then, she has made a Grand Slam final and ranked (排名) as high as No. 7 in the world. And with her winning at the Olympic, more and more Chinese begin to play tennis. 28．What does the underlined phrase “instead of” mean in the passage? A．讨厌 B．或者 C．而不是 D．坚持 29．When did Zheng Qinwen begin to train tennis? A．After Li Na got her first Grand Slam. B．After she came back from Beijing. C．Before Beijing Olympic Games. D．In 2021. 30．Why didn’t Zheng Qinwen see her father for more than one year? A．Because she didn’t like to spend time with him. B．Because she was busy practicing tennis and so she didn’t have much time. C．Because her father was so busy that he had no time to stay with her. D．Because she didn’t like to stay at home. 31．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Li Na was the first Chinese tennis player to win an Olympic gold medal. B．Li Na was the only inspiration to Zheng Qinwen. C．Zheng Qinwen became the first Chinese player to win Grand Slam Singles title. D．With Zheng Qinwen’s winning, more and more Chinese people are interested in tennis. D US company SpaceX successfully completed its fifth test flight of Starship on Oct 13. This helped SpaceX get closer to making rockets (火箭) that can be reused. The 122-meter-tall Starship has two parts: the Starship spacecraft and the Super Heavy rocket. The rocket’s 33 engines (引擎) gave Starship a strong push. About seven minutes after launch (发射), the two parts separated at around 70 kilometers above Earth. Then, the rocket’s booster (助推器) made itself “stand up” in the air and started to fall slowly. At that time, two big mechanical arms from the launch tower, like “chopsticks”, “caught” the booster. Starship is the world’s most powerful rocket ever made. It is made to send astronauts to the moon, Mars and further. SpaceX’s engineers have been working on it and testing it for many years. They made sure both the booster and the tower met thousands of standards. If standards have not been met, the booster would have been directed to drop in the Gulf of Mexico. SpaceX has been growing quickly since it started in 2002. This is partly thanks to its “fail fast, learn fast” working style. For example, Starship’s first three test flights failed because of problems like explosions (爆炸) or losing contact. However, these failures helped engineers get data (数据) and make progress. This is different from the traditional way organizations like NASA operate. They spend a lot of time planning for possible problems before a launch. SpaceX already plans to do a sixth flight, which will probably happen soon. 32．What is the news mainly about? A．Starship is the most powerful rocket in the world. B．The fifth test flight of Starship is successful. C．SpaceX starts to make reusable rockets. D．Engineers in SpaceX work in a new way. 33．Which is the correct order of what will happen 7 minutes after Starship is launched? ①Its booster will be caught by the mechanical arms. ②Its spacecraft and rocket will separate. ③Its rocket’s booster will “stand up” in the air. ④Its booster started to fall slowly. A．③②①④ B．②④③① C．②③④① D．③②①④ 34．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the news? A．The Starship may send astronauts to Mars some day. B．The Starship test flight has failed three times. C．SpaceX’s engineers have worked on the Starship hard and carefully. D．SpaceX’s engineers have worked on the Starship for one year. 35．What do the engineers of SpaceX think of “failures” according to paragraph 4? A．Terrible. B．Wonderful. C．Helpful. D．Meaningless. 四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分) 阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Cycling is a wonderful sport. People say once you learn how to ride a bike, you will never forget. Most of us learnt it when we were kids, and many still go around on a bike. These days, cycling has seen a rise in popularity. 36 First, cycling is good for your own health. Exercising your legs helps you become stronger and burn extra body fat. 37 A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry. It is a good way to relax yourself. Going on group rides with your friends during the holiday is especially pleasant. 38 You save money by cycling instead of driving a car or taking a bus. If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult problem. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much easier. And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. 39 Finally, cycling can also be good for the health of the earth. Unlike cars, bikes do not give out gases（气体）into the air. They are more friendly to our earth. A．What makes people love cycling so much? B．How can people practice cycling in their daily life? C．Cycling can offer you a chance to get closer to nature. D．Cycling isn’t just good for your body, but mind as well. E．Cycling is also a great way to go to work or travel around town. F．Wearing clothes in bright colours while cycling is another way to keep safe. 第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共34分) 五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the 21st Century (世纪) Workshop in Ningbo, Zhejiang, kids can have free science lessons from Chen Shaohua. Chen is 40 primary school teacher. Once someone asked him why gave free lessons. “ 41 I want to help more kids learn science in a fun way,” Chen answered. In 2020, Chen had an idea of 42 (give) free science lessons. Chen 43 (find) a large place as his classroom. And he ran (使用) the classroom as a workshop. What’s the meaning 44 the word “workshop”? It is a room, and people make things in it. Chen thinks that making things by hand is the 45 (good) way to learn new things. He always asks his students 46 (finish) some science experiments (实验). “To finish an experiment, they have to learn, discuss and work out the problems,” Chen said. “That is 47 (importance) for their growth and team spirit (精神).” Chen’s hard work paid off. His students got good 48 (grade) in many science competitions. Some of them may become great 49 (science), engineers or programmers one day. 六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题1.5分，满分9分) 50．为了让自己尽快冷静下来，约翰深深地吸了几口气 as soon as possible, John took a few deep breaths. 51．每当看到优美的句子，她总是迫不及待地把它们记下来。 When seeing beautiful sentences, she always . 52．请不要阻止孩子们问问题。 Please . 53．昨天老师建议我们用英语描述这幅图片。 The teacher yesterday. 54．一听到老虎的吼声，动物们都朝四面八方奔跑。 As soon as they heard the tiger roaring, . 55．你打电话的时候那对双胞胎在干什么？ when you called? 七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分) 56．假如你是Daniel, 你的美国朋友David 想在中国认识更多的朋友。你通过电子邮件，把你最好的朋友Timmy介绍给他。请你结合以下要点, 完成该邮件。 年龄、外貌 15岁, 圆脸, 又高又瘦 个性 幽默、乐于助人,……（自拟1点） 爱好 痴迷于 DIY, 上周……（自拟1点） 其他情况 对了解不同种类的鸟类感兴趣, 是观鸟协会的成员; 最喜欢冬季, 因为……（自拟1点） 理想 …… 注意: 1. 词数90左右, 短文的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入词数。 2. 短文须包括所有要点, 不要逐词翻译, 可适当发挥, 使短文连贯、通顺; 3. 短文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息. Dear David, How are you? I'm writing to introduce my best friend Timmy to you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you can make friends with him. Maybe he can show you around our country at the Spring Festival. Yours, Daniel 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C B C A B B C A D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B A D A B C B C D A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A C D A B C C C B B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 答案 D B C D C A D E F 1．B 【详解】句意：——为什么简在同学中那么受欢迎？——因为她总是诚实地告诉别人真相。 考查形容词辨析。humorous幽默的；honest诚实的；generous慷慨的；patient耐心的。根据“tell others the truth.”可知，总是告诉别人真相，说明她足够诚实，故选B。 2．C 【详解】句意：我们正在湖上划船，这时天开始下雨了。 考查动词时态。根据when以及started可知，此处表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，故选C。 3．B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天早上我必须穿那件厚外套吗？——是的，亲爱的。否则你可能会感冒。 考查副词辨析。however然而；otherwise否则；moreover并且；instead反而。根据“Do I have to wear the thick coat this morning”及“you may have a cold”可知，要穿厚外套，否则就会感冒，故选B。 4．C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是“S+V+O”？ 考查句子结构。He looks tired.主系表结构；What did she give you主谓双宾结构；I want a cup of coffee主谓宾结构；The boy fell from his bike just now主谓宾状结构。所以这道题的正确答案是C，故选C。 5．A 【详解】句意：——你知道杰克的左腿怎么伤得这么重吗？——是的。这是一场车祸的结果。 考查名词辨析。result结果；record记录；report报道；reserve储备。根据“Do you know how Jack hurt his left leg so badly”及“of a car accident”可知，车祸的结果就是左腿受伤了，故选A。 6．B 【详解】句意：杰克热衷于户外运动，而珍妮却喜欢整天待在家里。 考查连词辨析。before在之前；while然而；as随着；when当……时。根据“Jack is crazy about outdoor sports”及“Jenny likes staying at home all day”可知，将杰克和珍妮的情况相对比，此空应填while，故选B。 7．B 【详解】句意：下列哪个单词与“snow”押韵？ 考查单词的读音。blew/bluː/；sparrow/ˈspærəʊ/；now/naʊ/；grew/ɡruː/。snow/snəʊ/，与sparrow押韵，故选B。 8．C 【详解】句意：——你在动物园看到了多少只松鼠？你数过了吗？——我不需要。事实上，一个都没有。 考查代词辨析。not不；nothing无事；none没有一个；no one没有人。根据“In fact, there was ...”可知，此处强调数量，应用none。故选C。 9．A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢上星期六的聚会吗？——是的，但是之后我们花了很长时间来整理房子。 考查动词短语辨析。tidy up整理；put up举起；give up放弃；grow up长大。根据“but it took us a long time to...the house after it”可知，是整理房子，故选A。 10．D 【详解】句意：——一些骑电动自行车的人每天都在路上违反交通规则。——真遗憾！这对其他人来说是危险的。 考查情景交际。No way没门；Take care当心；Not at all一点也不；What a shame真遗憾。根据句意可知，一些骑自行车的人每天在路上都违反交通规则，这是一件让人感到遗憾的事情，故选D。 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一家满是书的酒店——The Literary Man。 11．句意：它不是酒店，而是图书馆或书店。 restaurant餐馆；bookshop书店；hospital医院；theatre剧院。根据“but a library or”以及“It is a literary (文学的) hotel.”可知这里都是书，所以可能认为是书店。故选B。 12．句意：在这家酒店里，到处都是书。 everywhere到处；anyway无论如何；somewhere某地；nowhere没有地方。根据“In this hotel, books are ”可知书到处都是。故选A。 13．句意：如果你在里面，你可能永远不想出去。 often经常；sometimes有时；usually通常；never从不。根据“This literary hotel is book lovers’ paradise”可知如果你喜欢书，可能永远不想出去。故选D。 14．句意：这家酒店位于葡萄牙奥比多斯，一个充满历史和文化的老城区。 culture文化；energy精力；humour幽默；joy开心。根据“an old town full of history and”可知是充满历史和文化的老城区。故选A。 15．句意：里面有30个房间，它们都充满了书。 covered with被……覆盖；filled with充满；trapped in陷入；filled in填写。根据“About 65,000 books are in every ”可知每个房间里都充满了书。故选B。 16．句意：酒店的每个角落上大约有65000本书。 yard院子；street街道；corner角落；shelf架子。根据“About 65,000 books are in every”可知是酒店的每个角落里都有书。故选C。 17．句意：有些书是主人买的，有些是通过它的客人来到这里的。 your你的；its它的；them他们；it它。根据“others came here through...guests”可知是有些书来自酒店的客人，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词its。故选B。 18．句意：你可能会问，为什么它被称为文学男人而不是文学女人？ how如何；what什么；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“In fact, the Literary Man is named after mankind”可知是为什么它被称为文学男人。故选C。 19．句意：这意味着我们所有人都是书籍世界的一部分。 makes制作；names命名；believes相信；means意思。根据“In fact, the Literary Man is named after mankind...that all of us are a part of the world of books.”可知“文学人”是以人类的名字命名的，它意味着我们所有人都是书籍世界的一部分。故选D。 20．句意：当你在等饭的时候，把自己扔进书的世界。 while当；until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“you are waiting for your meals”可知是当你在等饭的时候。故选A。 21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】本文介绍了一个关于香港和澳门两日游的广告。具体介绍了旅行的时间、交通方式、参观的地方、费用及联系电话等信息。 21．细节理解题。根据“Hong Kong: Ocean Park and Victoria Peak”可知，在香港可以参观太平山。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Travel: The bus in the city”可知，在城市可以乘坐公交车参观美丽的景色。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“Cost: HK$600, including (包括) travel, three-star hotel, meals and tickets. Half for students or children under 1.4 m.”及“Bill is a student at Sunshine Middle School. Last week he joined the two-day trip between Hong Kong and Macao with his parents.”可知，成人票价是600港币，学生票价是300港币，因此Bill和他的父母一共需要支付600+600+300=1500港币。故选D。 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 【导语】本文主要解释为什么在雨天人会感觉困。 24．细节理解题。根据“Do you feel sleepy on rainy days?”可知通过问问题开始文章。故选A。 25．词句猜测题。根据“Serotonin helps us feel good and energetic, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy”可知，血清素帮助我们感觉良好和……，而褪黑激素让我们感到困倦。后半句表示转折，让人困，所以前句是让人感到活跃。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.”可知，噪音越小，人们越容易感到困倦。故选C。 27．主旨大意题。本文主要解释为什么在雨天人会感觉困。故选C。 28．C 29．B 30．B 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了郑钦文成功的经历。 28．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“When she went out with her father, she always walked or ran instead of taking the bus.”可知，当她和父亲出去时，她总是步行或跑步，而不是乘公共汽车。由此可推测出，下划线部分“instead of”的中文意思是“而不是”。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the age of eight, her father took her to Beijing to watch the Olympics, she showed great interest in tennis. After getting back, she left home and began to train tennis in Wu Han.”可知，从北京回来后，郑开始训练网球。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段中“At the age of eight, her father took her to Beijing to watch the Olympics, she showed great interest in tennis. After getting back, she left home and began to train tennis in Wu Han.”以及“‘My father, I didn’t see him for more than one year because during my childhood I didn’t have much time to spend with the family together.’ Zheng Qinwen shared.”可知，从北京回来后，她离开了家，开始在武汉训练网球。由此可推测出，郑一年多没有见到她的父亲是因为她正忙着练习网球，所以没有多少时间。故选B。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And with her winning at the Olympic, more and more Chinese begin to play tennis.”可知，随着郑的夺冠，越来越多的中国人对网球感兴趣。故选D。 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“星舰”的第五次试飞成功。 32．主旨大意题。根据“US company SpaceX successfully completed its fifth test flight of Starship on Oct 13. This helped SpaceX get closer to making rockets (火箭) that can be reused.”可知，本文主要是围绕“星舰”的第五次试飞成功展开的，因此这则新闻是关于“星舰”的第五次试飞成功的。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“About seven minutes after launch (发射), the two parts separated at around 70 kilometers above Earth. Then, the rocket’s booster (助推器) made itself ‘stand up’ in the air and started to fall slowly. At that time, two big mechanical arms from the launch tower, like ‘chopsticks’, ‘caught’ the booster.”可知，开始它的宇宙飞船和火箭将会分离，之后它的火箭助推器会“立”在空中，然后它的助推器开始缓慢下降，最后它的助推器将被机械臂抓住。因此正确的顺序是②③④①。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据“SpaceX’s engineers have been working on it and testing it for many years.”可知，工程师们已经工作了很多年了，因此D选项表达有误。故选D。 35．推理判断题。根据“However, these failures helped engineers get data (数据) and make progress.”可推知，这些“失败”对工程师们来说是有帮助的。故选C。 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．F 【导语】本文介绍了人们喜欢骑行的原因。 36．根据“These days, cycling has seen a rise in popularity. ”及第二到四段所给出的人们喜欢骑行的原因并结合所给选项可知，此处表达的是什么让人们如此喜欢骑自行车，选项A“是什么让人们如此喜欢骑自行车？”符合语境。故选A。 37．根据“A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry.”并结合做给选项可知，此处介绍骑自行车对身心的好处，选项D“骑自行车不仅对你的身体有好处，对你的精神也有好处。”符合语境。故选D。 38．根据“ If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult problem. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much easier. ”并结合所给选项可知，如果开车去上班，停车是一个非常困难的问题，但是找个地方停自行车会容易得多，选项E“骑自行车也是上班或在城里旅行的好方法。”符合语境。 故填E。 39．根据“And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. ”并结合所给选项可知，如果担心安全，在许多大城市都有特殊的骑行方式，选项F“骑行时穿颜色鲜艳的衣服是另一种保持安全的方法。”符合语境。故选F。 40．a 41．Because 42．giving 43．found 44．of 45．best 46．to finish 47．important 48．grades 49．scientists 【导语】本文主要讲述了浙江宁波的一位小学教师陈少华免费为孩子们上科学课的故事。 40．句意：陈是一名小学教师。根据空后“primary school teacher”可知，此处是指一位小学教师，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“primary”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用“a”修饰。故填a。 41．句意：“因为我想帮助更多的孩子以有趣的方式学习科学，”陈回答道。根据上文“Once someone asked him why gave free lessons.”可知，曾经有人问他为什么要免费授课，所以此处是回答免费上课的原因；考查because“因为”，连词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Because。 42．句意：在2020年，陈有了提供免费科学课程的想法。根据空前介词“of”可知，此处应用动词give的动名词形式giving。故填giving。 43．句意：陈找到了一个很大的地方作为他的教室。句子结构可知，句子陈述过去发生的动作，谓语动词find“找到”应用其过去式found。故填found。 44．句意：那么“工作坊”这个词的意思是什么呢？根据“the meaning … the word”可知，此处是指这个词的意思；考查the meaning of“……的意思”，固定搭配。故填of。 45．句意：陈认为，手工制作是学习新事物的最佳方式。根据“the … way”可知，此处是指最好的方式，应用形容词good的最高级形式best“最好的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“way”。故填best。 46．句意：他总是要求他的学生完成一些科学实验。根据空前“asks his students”可知，这里考查ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to finish。故填to finish。 47．句意：这对他们的成长和团队精神都很重要。根据空前“is”可知，此处应用名词importance的形容词形式important“重要的”，在句中作表语。故填important。 48．句意：他的学生在许多科学竞赛中取得了优异的成绩。根据空前“get good”可知，此处考查get good grades“取得好成绩”，固定搭配，其中grade“成绩”，名词，这里应用名词复数grades表泛指。故填grades。 49．句意：他们中的一些人将来可能会成为伟大的科学家、工程师或程序员。分析句子结构可知，此处需要名词来与后文的“engineers”和“programmers”并列；根据语境可知，此处是指一些孩子将来可能成为科学家，所以应用science的名词形式scientist“科学家”，这里应用名词复数形式scientists。故填scientists。 50．In order to make himself calm down/To make himself calm down/In order to calm himself down/To calm himself down 【详解】根据汉语提示及对句子结构的分析可知，设空处的内容为句子的目的状语，目的状语可用动词不定式或短语in order to do sth.来表达。as soon as possible“尽快”；make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；calm sb. down“让某人冷静下来”。故填In order to make himself calm down/To make himself calm down/In order to calm himself down/To calm himself down。 51．can’t wait to write them down 【详解】can’t wait to do sth“迫不及待做某事”，为固定短语；write them down“把它们记下来”。故填can’t wait to write them down。 52．don’t prevent children from asking questions/don’t stop children from asking questions/don’t keep children from asking questions 【详解】prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，是固定短语，句子是祈使句的否定形式，应以don’t开头，后接动词原形，ask questions“问问题”，children“孩子”，是名词的复数形式，故填don’t prevent/stop/keep children from asking questions。 53．advised us to describe the picture in English 【详解】根据中英文可知，advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”；describe“描述”；picture“图片”；in English“用英语”。本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填advised us to describe the picture in English。 54．the animals ran in all directions 【详解】根据中英文可知，the animals“动物们”，run“跑”，in all directions“四面八方”。结合从句时态可知，此处主句使用一般过去时，run的过去式为ran。故填the animals ran in all directions。 55．What were the twins doing 【详解】“那对双胞胎”是the twins，“在干什么”应用what引导的特殊疑问句来提问，位于句首，首字母要大写，根据“when you called”句子应用过去进行时，主语the twins是复数名词，因此谓语动词用were doing。故填What were the twins doing。 56．Dear David,          How are you? I’m writing to introduce my best friend Timmy to you.          Timmy is a 15-year- old boy with a round face. He is tall and thin. He is humorous and helpful. He is outgoing, so he can get along well with his classmates. As for his hobbies, he is fond of DIY. Last week, he spent a whole day doing DIY on his own. He likes winter best, because he can have a snowball fight with her friends. He is interested in different kinds of birds. He is a member of Bird Watching Association. When he grows up, he wants to be a bird expert.          I hope you can make friends with him. Maybe he can show you around our country at the Spring Festival.                                                                                                                                                      Yours,                                                                                                                                                       Daniel 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，是一封电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点和注意事项已经给出，考生需要注意不要遗漏表格中内容提示的介绍要点。适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，看清文章给出的内容提示和首段内容。 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。先从Timmy的年龄和外貌描述写起；接着写他的个性和爱好，结合他的爱好写理想，使文章逻辑性更强。 [亮点词汇] ① a 15-year- old boy with a round face 一个长着圆圆脸的15岁男孩儿 ②is fond of 喜欢 ③ have a snowball fight with her friends 和他的朋友打雪仗 [高分句型] He likes winter best, because he can have a snowball fight with her friends.（because引导的原因状语从句） When he grows up, he wants to be a bird expert.（when引导的时间状语从句） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$