2025届高三英语一轮复习人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language词汇导学案

B4 U4 BODY LANGUAGE词汇学案 1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→various adj.各种各样的;多姿多彩的→variety n.种种;多样化 [练会]单句语法填空 ①In our daily life,we will come across 　　　　 　(vary) barriers, so we should try to break them down.  ②As in China,the climate in Canada varies 　　　　　 the area. ③In my class the students vary 　　　 　height　　　　150 cm to 170 cm.  ④We join in　　　　 (vary) of activities in our new gymnasium,which brings us lots of pleasure. [写美]微写作·背诵 ⑤我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动,鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且,这些活动随季节而变化。 Our Spoken English Club regularly_________________________________　　　　 　 　　　　 　,encouraging us to speak English as well as getting pleasure.Besides,these activities 　　　　 　 . 归纳(1)vary in...在……(大小、形状等)上不同 vary with 随……变化 vary from...to...由……到……不等 (2)a variety of/varieties of种种;各种各样的 佳句I have a number of hobbies,varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.(应用文之申请信) 我有许多爱好,从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。 2.approve vi.赞成,同意　vt.批准;通过→approval n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准→approving adj.赞许的;许可的→approvingly adv.赞许地,满意地 [练会]单句语法填空 ①If the plan 　　　　 (approve),everything will go smoothly.  ②I approve of your　　　 　 　(try) to earn some money,but please don't neglect your study. ③My father nodded　　　　 and gave his 　　　　 　to my decision to go to the farm again.(approve) [写美]一句多译·背诵 ④如果您能批准我们的提议,我们将不胜感激。(应用文之感谢信) →We would be grateful 　　　　 　 . (approve)  →We would be grateful 　　　　 　　 . (approval) 归纳(1)approve sth 通过/批准某事 approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth 赞同/同意(某人)做某事 (2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 同意;批准 get one's approval 得到某人的同意 佳句Hopefully,you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library.(应用文之建议信) 希望你能同意我的想法并改造我们的图书馆。 3.witness vt.当场看到,目击;见证　n.目击者;证人 [练会]单句语法填空 ①Your success in the competition is a witness　　　　 　the success of your hard work.(应用文之祝贺信)  ②Anyone who　　　　 　 (witness) the accident yesterday should call the police.  ③As far as I'm concerned,the success gave witness 　　　　 our ability. ④The past decades 　　　　 　　　　(witness) the rapid development of online news media.  [写美]同义句转换·背诵 ⑤We all had a really enjoyable time in the teahouse. →The teahouse 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　for all of us. 归纳(1)be (a) witness to sth 目击/看见某事发生 bear/give witness to...为……作证 (2)witness to sth/doing sth 证明(做)某事 点津英语中常用拟人修辞手法的句子,主语通常是表示时间、地点等的名词,谓语动词常为witness、see、find等。 佳句The neighborhood witnessed a poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn door to door.(读后续写之场景描写) 穿得破破烂烂的男孩在社区走家串户卖爆米花。 4.differ vi.不同于;相异→difference n.不同之处→different adj.不同的 [练会]单句语法填空 ①Customs differ 　　　　different countries and those of China often reflect Chinese moral values about nature and people.  ②What he had said made 　 　difference to the boy.He changed into a quite 　　　　　　_______________(differ) one.  [写美]微写作·背诵 ③They are twins but they are 　　　　　　　　　(与……不同) each other in their habits and they also 　　 　　(与……不同) each other in many behaviours. But it 　　　　　　　　　　　　_________________________ (不影响) to their life.  归纳(1)differ in 在……方面不同 differ from 与……不同 (2)make a difference 起作用;有影响 (3)be different from 与……不同 佳句Opinions on table manners differ greatly from country to country. 各国对餐桌礼仪的观点大相径庭。 5.in other words 换句话说;也就是说 [练会]单句语法填空 ①Word came 　　　　　　a class meeting would be held in our school,so I'm writing to ask you to do me a favour.(应用文之求助信)  ②Setting a goal is the first step to success; 　　　　　　other words,if you want to succeed,you must set a goal first.(应用文之建议信)  [写美]微写作·背诵 ③　　　　　 　　(有消息传来)your partner 　　　　　　　(和……吵架) you because you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(食言).To break down your barriers,why not 　　　　　　　　　　(与……谈话) your partner sincerely and express your heartfelt apology?Besides, ___________________ (遵守诺言) from now on can avoid further conflicts.　　　 __　　(总之), do believe that you can ultimately make up with each other.(应用文之建议信)  归纳in a/one word总之;简言之 in words用语言;口头上 keep/break one's word遵守诺言/食言;失信;失约 have a word with sb 与某人谈话 have words with sb 和某人吵架 beyond words 无以言表 word came that... 有消息传来……(此时word为不可数名词) 佳句In a word,taking part in the race contributes to building up our bodies. 总之,参加赛跑有助于我们强身健体。 6. occupy v.占用;使忙碌 occupation n. 职业；工作；占用 [练会]单句语法填空 ①The twins soon found themselves occupied 　　　　　cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself 　　　　　the breakfast.  ②Ultimately,you must state your full name,age and 　　　　　(occupy) in your application form. [写美]句式升级·背诵 ③Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　,they spared no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　,they spared no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)  归纳(1)occupy oneself with sth/doing sth忙于/专心于(做)某事 (2)be occupied (in) doing sth忙于做某事 be occupied with sth从事/忙于某事 keep sb/oneself occupied使某人/自己忙碌 佳句I would have attended your party,but I was occupied in preparing for the final exam.(应用文之道歉信)  我本应参加你的聚会的,但是我忙于期末备考。 7. distinguish vt.& vi.区分;辨别 [练会]单句语法填空 ①Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish 　　　 　　　right and wrong.(应用文之演讲稿)  ②As far as we all know,Lang Ping has already distinguished herself 　　a great volleyball coach in the world.  ③I can introduce Chinese painting to our 　　　　　　　　　(distinguish) guests efficiently while offering them constructive guidance. [写美]词汇、句式升级·背诵 ④Mount Tai is famous for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture,which attracts visitors from all over the world. →Mount Tai 　　　　　　　　　　　　its beautiful sights as well as rich culture,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(分词作状语) 归纳(1)distinguish between A and B区分A和B distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as/to be作为……而出名 (2)distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的;高贵的;受尊敬的 be distinguished for/as...因/作为……而出名 佳句Distinguished for its attractive scenery,Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(应用文之推荐信) 杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩,每年都有大量的游客。 8. ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→shame n.惭愧;羞耻;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的;不道德的 [练会]单句语法填空 ①The parents felt ashamed 　　　　　　　　their son when he was dismissed by the boss.  ②In class,students should not be ashamed 　　　　　　　　　(ask) the teacher questions.  ③It's 　　　　　　　　shame that a good student should do something like that. [写美]一句多译·背诵 ④我是如此羞愧,以至于我感觉心如刀绞,眼泪模糊了我的双眼。 (读后续写之羞愧心理描写) →I was 　　　　　　 　that I felt as if a knife were piercing(刺穿) my heart,tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型)  →　　　　　　　　　　 I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart,tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型的倒装形式改写)  归纳(1)be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻 be ashamed to do sth 耻于做某事 (2)It's a shame/pity that...真遗憾…… What a shame/pity!真遗憾! 佳句Anxious and ashamed,I said nothing,wondering if he would fire me right away.(读后续写之心理描写) 我又焦虑又羞愧,什么也没说,心里想着他会不会马上解雇我。 9. bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心　n.麻烦;不便 [练会]单句语法填空 ①He didn't bother 　　　　　　　　 (answer) the question.  ②　　　　　　 bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged animal while my mom was filming my whole embarrassment.  ③My brother can't be bothered 　　　　　　　　　　　　(play) with me. [写美]微写作·背诵 ④你没有必要为这样的小事烦恼。(应用文之劝慰信) There is no need for you to 　　　　　　　　　　　　such small things. 归纳bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事 bother oneself with/about...为……烦恼 bother...with/about... 用……麻烦/打扰…… can't be bothered to do... 懒得做…… 佳句It really bothered me that he always bothered me with such loud music. 他总是用那么嘈杂的音乐打扰我,真让我心烦。 10. adjust vt.调整;调节　vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整;适应 →adjustable adj.可调节的;可调整的 [练会]单句语法填空 ①In this way,you may adjust yourself to　　　　　　　(live) in China soon.(应用文之建议信)   ②Some schools will make 　　　　　　(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.  ③To my great sorrow,the height of the bicycle is barely 　　　　 (adjust). [写美]微写作·背诵 ④我向这家人挥手告别后,调整了一下后视镜,然后慢慢地把车开出了停车场。(读后续写之动作描写) After waving goodbye to the family,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　and then edged my car out of the parking place.  归纳(1)adjust (oneself) to doing sth 适应做某事;使某人自己适应…… adjust...to...调整……以适应…… (2)make an adjustment/adjustments做出调整 佳句I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings.(应用文之求助信) 我写信向您寻求一些如何适应新环境的建议。 ★补遗缺　微点练全 Ⅰ.一词多义 1.employ A.使用,利用　B.雇用　C.忙于 ①When did the company start to employ new people? 　 　  ②Every day I employ myself in doing homework.　　 　 　  ③(2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.　　 　 　  2.bend A.vt.使弯曲　B.vi.弯身;弯腰　C.vi.屈从 D.n.(道路、河流的)弯;拐角 ①There is a bend in the road in front of us.　　　 　   ②You have to bend your knees to sit down.　　　 　   ③He went rushing towards the dog and bent down to give her a big hug.　　 　 　  ④He tried to force me to bend to his will.　　 　  Ⅱ.教材熟词生义 1. circle 项目 意义 例句 熟义 n.　　　　　　　　　  (2023浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the Forbidden City ,surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 生义 n.　　  　　　　　　  We never meet these days—we move in different circles (=do not have the same group of friends). vt.& vi.　　　　　　　　　  The plane circled for an hour before receiving permission to land. vt.　　　　　　　　　                            Circle the answer you think is correct. 2.succeed 项目 意义 例句 熟义 vi.　　　　                                   She's been trying to pass her driving test for six years and she's  finally succeeded. 生义 vt.　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　  He succeeded his father as editor of the paper. 部分否定 [教材原句] Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然,不是每个抬头看的人上课都专心。 [练会]单句语法填空/补全句子 ①　　　　　　 in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.  ②I agree with most of what you said,but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(并非同意一切) that you said.  ③Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but 　　　　　　　 (他们两个都不想去),because they have work to do.  [写美]一句多译·背诵 ④(2022全国乙卷)通过以上图表,可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。 →According to the above graph,it can be seen that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .  →According to the above graph,it can be seen that 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 . 归纳(1)英语中的all,both,every,everybody,everything,completely,always,whole,entirely 等与否定词not连用,无论not位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非……都……”的意思。 (2)英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no one,nowhere等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。 佳句It's impossible for both applicants to get the job,because both of them are not fit for the position. 两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的,因为不是他们两人都适合这份工作。 主题阅读 Watching the behaviour and body language of zoo animals could be the key to understanding and improving their welfare, new research suggests. Traditionally, zoos have focused on more straightforward measures such as whether animals are eating and sleeping. The new review, by the University of Exeter and the University of Winchester, says zoos have made great improvements in recent years, but closer observation of animal behaviour - a method called Qualitative Behavioural Assessment, developed in farming - could show even more about their state of mind. An animal’s positioning of its body, facial movements and activity levels are among the things that might tell whether it is excited, calm, interested, nervous, relaxed, etc. “Zookeepers are knowledgeable about their animals, and they will often recognise an animal’s state of mind by its behaviour and body language,” said Dr. Paul Rose, of the University of Exeter. “What we are suggesting is a more scientific method of this, carried out over time. “Certain behaviours will show certain moods (情绪) in an animal, and we should build our knowledge of this for different animals that live in zoos. For example, lions have a lot of facial expressions, and research on these expressions could help zoos understand the animals’ state of mind. This information could then be used to improve welfare by changing diets, feeding times or any number of other aspects of the way animals are kept.” Dr. Rose carries out much of his research at WWT Slimbridge Wetland Centre, and is now examining how the swans (天鹅) there might show their state of mind through their behavioural expression. “We’re looking at how much time they spend exploring their habitat, which could show what they’re feeling.” he said. “When they’re unsure, they appear to move less and be more careful, and draw their feathers (羽毛) close to their bodies.” The study suggests research opportunities for Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and practices that could be used by zoos. “Animal welfare in zoos has improved greatly in the last 10 or 20 years, and this method gives zoos another way to recognise and improve the welfare of animals,” Dr. Rose said. 1．How to improve zoos animal’s welfare? A．More focus on animals’eating and sleep. B．Closer observation of zoo animals’ behaviours. C．More attention to zoo animals’state of mind. D．Adoption of more straightforward measure. 2．What is the function of lions as an example? A．To show body language vary from animal to animal. B．To show the significance of animal body language. C．To show lions are rich in their facial expressions. D．To show lions are treated well in zoos. 3．What dose Dr Rose research of swans suggests? A．They usually explore their habitat. B．They always draw their feather close to their body. C．They move little in fearful situations. D．They spend little time in their habitat. 4．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．Animal welfare in zoos is decreasing. B．Qualitative Behavioural Assessment is meaningful. C．Farm animals enjoy greater welfare than zoo animals. D．Zoos do a good job in recognising animal body language. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$