专题05 单项选择之动词的时态和语态主谓一致- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用）

热点题型·选择题攻略 专题05 单项选择之 动词的时态和语态主谓一致 天津英语单选难度较为中等，没有所谓“偏，难，怪”的题目，重要的是了解考纲，做到快速判断考察的知识点，重点突破语法。 涉及知识点：情景交际，时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词性从句，情态动词，状语从句，词汇，短语辨析。 *** 动词时态语态 *** 时态和语态是历年高考必考的知识点。考试要求主要包括： 1. 时态和语态的结构 2. 时态和语态的基本用法 3. 易混时态的用法区别 4. 固定结构中的时态和语态 5. 被动语态的特殊形式 6. 动词及动词短语词义辨析 年份 动词时态&语态 动词/动词短语词义辨析 2023 will be bringing； has caused； is being restored； Having tried； were distributed； adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”； keep pace with与……保持同步； Putting aside 存储； caring for关心； 2022 Prepares； had cancelled； having been allowed ignore忽视； 2021 have done； are being displayed； had been offered ； will be delivering can’t/couldn’t have done； withdraw抽身，撤退； run out of用完，用尽； stayed保持； 2020 has been fixed； were； have been practising； has remained； bring in引进； kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视； declined谢绝； put off推迟 *** 主谓一致 *** 主谓一致是历年高考常考的知识点。近几年新高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中以主谓一致的原则和与时态语态的结合为主。 高频考点： 1. 主谓一致的原则 2. 主谓一致的基本用法 年份 主谓一致 难度系数 2023 语法一致 0.85 2022 语法一致 0.85 2020 语法一致 0.4 2019 语法一致 0.65　 动词时态语态 考点1　基本用法 1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。 2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。 People speak English all over the world. (主动语态) English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态) 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked 完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking 考点2　常考时态的用法 1. 一般现在时 (1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 Tom often goes to school by bike. (2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。 Spring follows winter. (3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。 The flowers look beautiful. (4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。 The party begins at 7 o’clock. (5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。 I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there. If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world. Wherever you go, you will see the same thing. 2. 现在进行时 (1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 Are you working hard this term? The car is being repaired. (2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。 We are going hiking this Sunday. (3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。 He is always getting angry with me. 3. 现在完成时 (1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。 He has already obtained a scholarship. (2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如for ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, so far。 The film has been on for half an hour. (3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。 It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 4. 现在完成进行时 (1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。 I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon. (2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。 I have been telephoning him several times this morning. 5. 一般将来时 (1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 The football game will begin soon. (2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。 Fish will die without water. (3)表示临时的决定。 — We don’t have any milk in our fridge. — I’ll go and buy some. (4)其他表示将来的结构 ① be going to do表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。 I’m going to have my hair cut after work. Look at the clouds in the sky. It is going to rain. ② be＋to do表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。 There is to be an English exam next Monday. Father warned his son，“You are to be back by ten.” The worst is still to come. ③ be about to do表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。 I am about to go shopping. 注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。 If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you. 6. 过去将来时 表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 He said he would come to our school. 7. 一般过去时 (1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 I bought a new bike last week. (2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He often watched TV at night. 8. 过去进行时 (1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 I was playing computer games when my parents came home. He slipped out of the classroom when the teacher was not noticing him. (2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。 Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her old parents. 9. 过去完成时 (1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。 I had read the report by last weekend. When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets. (2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。 We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain. No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. It was the third time he had been out of work that year. (3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 考点3　几组时态的区别 一般过去时 一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系 Were you at school yesterday?昨天你在学校吗?(问的是昨天的事情。但对今天没什么影响。) 现在完成时 现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续 I have just finished my homework.我刚刚写完作业。(看上去好像是过去才发生的事情,但是对我现在有了影响。因为写完了作业,就可以做自己想做的事情。) 过去完成时 过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作 When he came in,I had had my supper.他进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。) 考点4　固定结构中的时态 hardly...when...,no sooner...than...“一……就……” 主句时态用过去完成时,从句时态用一般过去时 Hardly had I opened the door when Tom came in. This/That/It is/was the first/second...time+that从句“是……次做某事” 若主句中为is,则从句时态用现在完成时;若为was,则从句时态用过去完成时 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. It+be...before... “要过……才”或“在……以后才” 若be动词用一般过去时,则before 从句中常用一般过去时;若be动词用将来时,则before 从句中常用一般现在时 I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back. was/were doing...when“正在做某事,这时(突然)” 在when引导的从句中,谓语动词用过去式 I was about to leave when he came in. I had just locked the door when I realised I had left my key on the kitchen table. was/were about to do...when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)” had done...when“刚做完某事,这时(突然)” It is/has been+时间段+since since从句用过去时。该句型表某个动作持续多久。但若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了” It has been three years since he worked here. 他不在这工作已经三年了。 It has been three years since he smoked. 他已经戒烟三年了。 It has been three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。 考点5 八种时态的标志词 一般现在时 often,usually,always,sometimes,never,seldom,every week/day/year/month...,once a week,on Sundays 一般过去时 ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week/year/night/month...,in 1989,just now,at the age of five,one day,ago,long ago,once upon a time,then(那时),on that day,the other day(几天以前) 现在 进行时 now,these days,at this moment/time 过去 进行时 at this time yesterday,at that time或“when+一般过去时从句”,at 1:00 last night 现在 完成时 recently,recent years,these days/years,lately,since,for+时段(但还在延续),in the past few years,ever since,in the last/past five months,up to now,since then,so far,ever,never,yet,lately,once,twice,three/four times...,already,before,just 过去 完成时 before,by the end of last year/term/month 一般 将来时 tomorrow,next day/week/month/year...,soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,in the future 过去 将来时 the next day/morning/year...,the following month/week... 考点6 主动语态表示被动意义 系动词+形容词 look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear The soup smells good but tastes terrible. 不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态 cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep This kind of material washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather. 表开始、结束、运动的动词 begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,run The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day. 有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式 need,require,want,be worth Your hair wants cutting. The floor requires washing. The book is worth reading. 不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系 hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible The question is difficult to answer. The box is heavy to carry. The project is impossible to complete in a year. 主谓一致 主谓一致判断三原则(注意描红处) 基本原则 具体情形 例 句 语法一致 主语单数+谓语单数 The worker is from the neighboring factory. 主语复数+谓语复数 The students are doing experiments in the chemistry lab. 就近一致 or, either ... or..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...连接主语时 Neither the students nor the teacher hasn’t attended the meeting. There be + 多个主语 There is a bottle of ink, a pen and some pieces of paper on the desk. 意义一致 谓语用单数的情况 The family is a harmonious and happy one. 谓语用复数的情况 The family are doing their housework separately. 谓语单复数根据表达意义确定的情况 -- What is the population of China at present? -- Three-fourths of the population are farmers. 一、主谓一致原则概述 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近一致原则。 二、语法一致原则 1. 定义 语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 2. 用法 （1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Percy has made great progress in Chinese. 珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。 （2）代词all作主语：指人时，谓语动词用复数；指事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数。 All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。 All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。 （3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们都知道的事。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学会一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。 注意： 从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数通常由作表语的名词/代词决定。 What they need is money while what we need most are textbooks. 他们需要的是钱，而我们最需要的是教科书。 （4）many a, the whole, each, every, either, neither＋单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。 More than one person is involved in this matter. 此事有牵连的不止一个人。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （5）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语时，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than, accompanied by, in addition to, more than, no less than,等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。 Pronunciation as well as grammar changes quickly. 发音与语法一样变化很快。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 （6）and, both…and…连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数；and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或事物时，谓语动词用单数。 Her teacher and her friends are on holiday. 她的老师和朋友们都在度假中。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room. 她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。 （7）由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。 A great deal of water is polluted every year. 每年大量的水被污染。 A great number of students who were invited to the party were from my school. 很多被邀来参加晚会的学生来自于我校。 注意： quantities/amounts of修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于quantity和amount的单复数形式。 Quantities of information are available on the Internet. 在网上可得到大量的信息。 （8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致；如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子，从句中的谓语动词用单数。 Russia is upgrading its northern fleet, which includes 18 icebreakers. 俄罗斯正在升级它的北海舰队，准备增加18艘破冰船。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me. 我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。 Those who were praised at the meeting would be sent to America for further study. 在这次会议上被表扬的人将被派到美国深造。 （9）倒装句中谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致，即谓语后面的主语是单数，动词用单数；谓语后面的主语是复数，动词用复数。 A building stands in front of us. →In front of us stands a building. 我们面前矗立着一栋楼。 （10）在强调句中，如果被强调的成分是原来句子的主语，引导词that(或who)后面的谓语与被强调的成分在人称和数上保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who…”强调句型中，be动词一般用单数；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。 It is Lily who is a doctor. 莉莉是一名医生。 三、意义一致原则 1. 定义 形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定。 2. 用法 （1）形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时，如police, cattle等，谓语动词用复数。 The police have not made any arrests. 警方未逮捕任何人。 （2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。 Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。 Three thousand miles is a long distance. 三千英里是一段很长的距离。 （3）以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，如maths, physics, politics, news等，谓语动词用单数。 Maths is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的科目。 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。 （4）表示某国人总称的名词作主语时，如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等，谓语动词用复数。 The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。 （5）单复数同形的名词作主语时，如 sheep，deer，fish，means，works（工厂）等，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。 Three sheep are eating grass there. 三只羊正在那里吃草。 A sheep is lying there. 有只羊正躺在那里。 All means have been tried. 所有方式都试过了。 Every means has been tried. 每一种方式都试过了。 （6）表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The Greens are going to Paris. 格林一家要去巴黎。 The Smiths go out for a walk after dinner every day. 史密斯夫妇每天晚饭后都出去散步。 They provided food and shelter for the poor. 他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。 The wounded have been cured and the lost have been found. 受伤的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 （7）集体名词作主语时，如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 The whole class are doing experiments. 全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员） The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. 这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调class这一整体） （8）分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...，plenty of, a great deal of等＋主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。 The number of staff has declined from 218,000 to 116,000. 员工人数从21.8万下降到了11.6万。 A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。 A number of measures were being taken to protect the endangered animals. 人们正采取各种措施保护濒危动物。 四、就近一致原则 1. 定义 谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 2. 用法 （1）并列连词连接的成分作主语 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。 Was he or you able to persuade her? 是你还是他能够说服她？ Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。 Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。 Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。 Neither Jim nor his parents know anything about it. 吉姆和他母亲都不知道这件事。 （2）there be, here be结构中 在there be, here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。 There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。 There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。 There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。 There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table. 桌子上有两把小刀、一支钢笔和几本书。 （3）many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent was forced to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历这一段痛苦的过程。 1．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 2．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你提前告诉一些餐馆你将带一个团队来参加生日派对，他们会很乐意提供一个免费的蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故选A。 3．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：正在修复的木塔很快将对游客开放，工程即将完工。A. is being restored正在被修复，现在进行时的被动语态；B. is restored被修复，一般现在时的被动语态；C. is restoring正在修复，现在进行时；D.restores修复，一般现在时。此句the wooden tower是先行词，做定语从句的主语，restore是定语从句的谓语动词，二者在逻辑上是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。根据后文the work is almost finished，修复工作几乎快要结束，说明还没结束，修复、复原工作正在进行。所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored，故选A项。 4．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A．distribute B．distributed C．are distributed D．were distributed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。故选D项。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 【答案】B 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies. A．has offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．had been offered 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。 9．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。 10．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 【答案】D 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 【答案】A 【详解】 考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。 13．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 14．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A．has been fixed B．is being fixed C．had been fixed D．would be fixed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：机器又运转了！是的，昨天机器出故障了，但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示截至目前已经完成的动作。故选A项。 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A．is given B．are given C．was given D．were given 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A．had hoped B．am hoping C．have hoped D．would hope 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。 17．（2019·天津·高考真题）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A．didn’t have B．haven’t had C．hadn’t had D．won’t have 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故B选项正确。 【点睛】现在完成时的部分常见标志词（组）in the past few days/weeks/months/years；(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years；up to present/now；so far；till now及句型：It is the 序数词 +time that…谓语动词使用现在完成时。 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A．was repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。 点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。 19．（2017·天津·高考真题）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A．have watched B．had watched C．watch D．watched 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天晚上，午夜时分，我看了大约一个小时的天空。星星像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据时间状语one night，可知此句描述的是在过去的时间里发生的事，和现在没有联系，也没有和过去的动作以及时间上的先后对比，所以用一般过去时，故选D。 20．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）I jumped with joy the moment I ______ my driver’s license in the mail. A．receive B．received C．had received D．would receive 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：我一收到邮寄来的驾照，就高兴得跳了起来。the moment引导的时间状语从句，主句主语与从句主语几乎同时发生，且句子都为一般过去时。故选B项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点题型·选择题攻略 专题05 单项选择之 动词的时态和语态主谓一致 天津英语单选难度较为中等，没有所谓“偏，难，怪”的题目，重要的是了解考纲，做到快速判断考察的知识点，重点突破语法。 涉及知识点：情景交际，时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词性从句，情态动词，状语从句，词汇，短语辨析。 时态和语态是历年高考必考的知识点。考试要求主要包括： 1. 时态和语态的结构 2. 时态和语态的基本用法 3. 易混时态的用法区别 4. 固定结构中的时态和语态 5. 被动语态的特殊形式 6. 动词及动词短语词义辨析 年份 动词时态&语态 动词/动词短语词义辨析 2023 will be bringing； has caused； is being restored； Having tried； were distributed； adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”； keep pace with与……保持同步； Putting aside 存储； caring for关心； 2022 Prepares； had cancelled； having been allowed ignore忽视； 2021 have done； are being displayed； had been offered ； will be delivering can’t/couldn’t have done； withdraw抽身，撤退； run out of用完，用尽； stayed保持； 2020 has been fixed； were； have been practising； has remained； bring in引进； kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视； declined谢绝； put off推迟 主谓一致是历年高考常考的知识点。近几年新高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中以主谓一致的原则和与时态语态的结合为主。 高频考点： 1. 主谓一致的原则 2. 主谓一致的基本用法 年份 主谓一致 难度系数 2023 语法一致 0.85 2022 语法一致 0.85 2020 语法一致 0.4 2019 语法一致 0.65　 动词时态语态 考点1　基本用法 1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。 2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。 People speak English all over the world. (主动语态) English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态) 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked 完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking 考点2　常考时态的用法 1. 一般现在时 (1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 Tom often goes to school by bike. (2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。 Spring follows winter. (3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。 The flowers look beautiful. (4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。 The party begins at 7 o’clock. (5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。 I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there. If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world. Wherever you go, you will see the same thing. 2. 现在进行时 (1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 Are you working hard this term? The car is being repaired. (2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。 We are going hiking this Sunday. (3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。 He is always getting angry with me. 3. 现在完成时 (1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。 He has already obtained a scholarship. (2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如for ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, so far。 The film has been on for half an hour. (3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。 It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 4. 现在完成进行时 (1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。 I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon. (2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。 I have been telephoning him several times this morning. 5. 一般将来时 (1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 The football game will begin soon. (2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。 Fish will die without water. (3)表示临时的决定。 — We don’t have any milk in our fridge. — I’ll go and buy some. (4)其他表示将来的结构 ① be going to do表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。 I’m going to have my hair cut after work. Look at the clouds in the sky. It is going to rain. ② be＋to do表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。 There is to be an English exam next Monday. Father warned his son，“You are to be back by ten.” The worst is still to come. ③ be about to do表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。 I am about to go shopping. 注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。 If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you. 6. 过去将来时 表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 He said he would come to our school. 7. 一般过去时 (1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 I bought a new bike last week. (2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He often watched TV at night. 8. 过去进行时 (1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 I was playing computer games when my parents came home. He slipped out of the classroom when the teacher was not noticing him. (2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。 Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her old parents. 9. 过去完成时 (1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。 I had read the report by last weekend. When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets. (2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。 We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain. No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. It was the third time he had been out of work that year. (3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 考点3　几组时态的区别 一般过去时 一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系 Were you at school yesterday?昨天你在学校吗?(问的是昨天的事情。但对今天没什么影响。) 现在完成时 现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续 I have just finished my homework.我刚刚写完作业。(看上去好像是过去才发生的事情,但是对我现在有了影响。因为写完了作业,就可以做自己想做的事情。) 过去完成时 过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作 When he came in,I had had my supper.他进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。) 考点4　固定结构中的时态 hardly...when...,no sooner...than...“一……就……” 主句时态用过去完成时,从句时态用一般过去时 Hardly had I opened the door when Tom came in. This/That/It is/was the first/second...time+that从句“是……次做某事” 若主句中为is,则从句时态用现在完成时;若为was,则从句时态用过去完成时 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. It+be...before... “要过……才”或“在……以后才” 若be动词用一般过去时,则before 从句中常用一般过去时;若be动词用将来时,则before 从句中常用一般现在时 I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back. was/were doing...when“正在做某事,这时(突然)” 在when引导的从句中,谓语动词用过去式 I was about to leave when he came in. I had just locked the door when I realised I had left my key on the kitchen table. was/were about to do...when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)” had done...when“刚做完某事,这时(突然)” It is/has been+时间段+since since从句用过去时。该句型表某个动作持续多久。但若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了” It has been three years since he worked here. 他不在这工作已经三年了。 It has been three years since he smoked. 他已经戒烟三年了。 It has been three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。 考点5 八种时态的标志词 一般现在时 often,usually,always,sometimes,never,seldom,every week/day/year/month...,once a week,on Sundays 一般过去时 ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week/year/night/month...,in 1989,just now,at the age of five,one day,ago,long ago,once upon a time,then(那时),on that day,the other day(几天以前) 现在 进行时 now,these days,at this moment/time 过去 进行时 at this time yesterday,at that time或“when+一般过去时从句”,at 1:00 last night 现在 完成时 recently,recent years,these days/years,lately,since,for+时段(但还在延续),in the past few years,ever since,in the last/past five months,up to now,since then,so far,ever,never,yet,lately,once,twice,three/four times...,already,before,just 过去 完成时 before,by the end of last year/term/month 一般 将来时 tomorrow,next day/week/month/year...,soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,in the future 过去 将来时 the next day/morning/year...,the following month/week... 考点6 主动语态表示被动意义 系动词+形容词 look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear The soup smells good but tastes terrible. 不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态 cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep This kind of material washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather. 表开始、结束、运动的动词 begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,run The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day. 有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式 need,require,want,be worth Your hair wants cutting. The floor requires washing. The book is worth reading. 不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系 hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible The question is difficult to answer. The box is heavy to carry. The project is impossible to complete in a year. 主谓一致 主谓一致判断三原则(注意描红处) 基本原则 具体情形 例 句 语法一致 主语单数+谓语单数 The worker is from the neighboring factory. 主语复数+谓语复数 The students are doing experiments in the chemistry lab. 就近一致 or, either ... or..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...连接主语时 Neither the students nor the teacher hasn’t attended the meeting. There be + 多个主语 There is a bottle of ink, a pen and some pieces of paper on the desk. 意义一致 谓语用单数的情况 The family is a harmonious and happy one. 谓语用复数的情况 The family are doing their housework separately. 谓语单复数根据表达意义确定的情况 -- What is the population of China at present? -- Three-fourths of the population are farmers. 一、主谓一致原则概述 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近一致原则。 二、语法一致原则 1. 定义 语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 2. 用法 （1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Percy has made great progress in Chinese. 珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。 （2）代词all作主语：指人时，谓语动词用复数；指事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数。 All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。 All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。 （3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们都知道的事。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学会一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。 注意： 从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数通常由作表语的名词/代词决定。 What they need is money while what we need most are textbooks. 他们需要的是钱，而我们最需要的是教科书。 （4）many a, the whole, each, every, either, neither＋单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。 More than one person is involved in this matter. 此事有牵连的不止一个人。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （5）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语时，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than, accompanied by, in addition to, more than, no less than,等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。 Pronunciation as well as grammar changes quickly. 发音与语法一样变化很快。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 （6）and, both…and…连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数；and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或事物时，谓语动词用单数。 Her teacher and her friends are on holiday. 她的老师和朋友们都在度假中。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room. 她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。 （7）由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。 A great deal of water is polluted every year. 每年大量的水被污染。 A great number of students who were invited to the party were from my school. 很多被邀来参加晚会的学生来自于我校。 注意： quantities/amounts of修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于quantity和amount的单复数形式。 Quantities of information are available on the Internet. 在网上可得到大量的信息。 （8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致；如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子，从句中的谓语动词用单数。 Russia is upgrading its northern fleet, which includes 18 icebreakers. 俄罗斯正在升级它的北海舰队，准备增加18艘破冰船。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me. 我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。 Those who were praised at the meeting would be sent to America for further study. 在这次会议上被表扬的人将被派到美国深造。 （9）倒装句中谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致，即谓语后面的主语是单数，动词用单数；谓语后面的主语是复数，动词用复数。 A building stands in front of us. →In front of us stands a building. 我们面前矗立着一栋楼。 （10）在强调句中，如果被强调的成分是原来句子的主语，引导词that(或who)后面的谓语与被强调的成分在人称和数上保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who…”强调句型中，be动词一般用单数；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。 It is Lily who is a doctor. 莉莉是一名医生。 三、意义一致原则 1. 定义 形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定。 2. 用法 （1）形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时，如police, cattle等，谓语动词用复数。 The police have not made any arrests. 警方未逮捕任何人。 （2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。 Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。 Three thousand miles is a long distance. 三千英里是一段很长的距离。 （3）以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，如maths, physics, politics, news等，谓语动词用单数。 Maths is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的科目。 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。 （4）表示某国人总称的名词作主语时，如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等，谓语动词用复数。 The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。 （5）单复数同形的名词作主语时，如 sheep，deer，fish，means，works（工厂）等，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。 Three sheep are eating grass there. 三只羊正在那里吃草。 A sheep is lying there. 有只羊正躺在那里。 All means have been tried. 所有方式都试过了。 Every means has been tried. 每一种方式都试过了。 （6）表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The Greens are going to Paris. 格林一家要去巴黎。 The Smiths go out for a walk after dinner every day. 史密斯夫妇每天晚饭后都出去散步。 They provided food and shelter for the poor. 他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。 The wounded have been cured and the lost have been found. 受伤的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 （7）集体名词作主语时，如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 The whole class are doing experiments. 全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员） The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. 这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调class这一整体） （8）分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...，plenty of, a great deal of等＋主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。 The number of staff has declined from 218,000 to 116,000. 员工人数从21.8万下降到了11.6万。 A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。 A number of measures were being taken to protect the endangered animals. 人们正采取各种措施保护濒危动物。 四、就近一致原则 1. 定义 谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 2. 用法 （1）并列连词连接的成分作主语 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。 Was he or you able to persuade her? 是你还是他能够说服她？ Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。 Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。 Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。 Neither Jim nor his parents know anything about it. 吉姆和他母亲都不知道这件事。 （2）there be, here be结构中 在there be, here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。 There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。 There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。 There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。 There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table. 桌子上有两把小刀、一支钢笔和几本书。 （3）many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent was forced to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历这一段痛苦的过程。 1．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 2．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 3．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 4．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A．distribute B．distributed C．are distributed D．were distributed 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies. A．has offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．had been offered 9．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 10．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 【答案】D 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 13．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 14．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A．has been fixed B．is being fixed C．had been fixed D．would be fixed 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A．is given B．are given C．was given D．were given 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A．had hoped B．am hoping C．have hoped D．would hope 17．（2019·天津·高考真题）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A．didn’t have B．haven’t had C．hadn’t had D．won’t have 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A．was repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 19．（2017·天津·高考真题）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A．have watched B．had watched C．watch D．watched 20．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）I jumped with joy the moment I ______ my driver’s license in the mail. A．receive B．received C．had received D．would receive 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$