专题04 单项选择之非谓语动词- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用）

热点题型·选择题攻略 专题04 单项选择之非谓语动词 天津英语单选难度较为中等，没有所谓“偏，难，怪”的题目，重要的是了解考纲，做到快速判断考察的知识点，重点突破语法。 涉及知识点：情景交际，时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词性从句，情态动词，状语从句，词汇，短语辨析。 根据近几年天津高考真题可知，非谓语主要考查了非谓语做定语，非谓语做状语的形式。因此在备考过程中要多侧重非谓语做定语和状语。 年份 非谓语动词 难度系数 2024 不定式作定语； 0.65 0.65　 2023 现在分词作定语；现在分词的完成式作状语；过去分词作定语；现在分词作状语 0.94 2022 现在分词作状语；不定式作目的状语； 0.65 0.65　 2021 动词的固定结构、不定式的一般式；现在分词作定语； 0.65 2020 现在分词作状语；不定式作目的状语（2）；过去分词作状语； 0.65　 考点1　基本用法 种类 形式 意义特征 功能 不定式 to do 主动、将来 作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语和补语 to be done 被动、将来 to be doing 主动、进行 to have done 主动、完成 to have been done 被动、完成 过去分词 done 被动、完成 作表语、状语、定语和补语 动词-ing doing 主动、进行 作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语(不作目的状语)和补语 being done 被动、进行 having done 主动、完成 having been done 被动、完成 考点2 非谓语动词作主语 1. 动词-ing和不定式都可作主语，但动词-ing多表示一般情况，而不定式常指具体情况。 Teaching English is my job. To write an email to the manager is my work today. 2. 动词-ing和不定式作主语时，句子前后应保持结构的一致性。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 3. “there be＋no＋主语”这种结构中通常用动词-ing作主语，而不用不定式。这种结构表示“不可能，无法”，相当于“it is impossible to do sth.”。 There is no reasoning with him. 注意：本句型中的no有时可用not any或never any代替。如There is never any telling what will happen in the future. 4. 不定式作主语一般可以用形式主语it代替。 To keep healthy is important. ＝It is important to keep healthy. 注意：It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 中adj.常为表示不定式行为性质的词(important, impossible, right等)，如：It is impossible for a man to fly by himself. 而It is＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.中adj.为表示人的品质的词(kind, foolish, clever, wrong, wise, nice等)，如It is kind of you to help me with my English. 5. 动词-ing作主语用形式主语it代替时，常在特定结构It is worthwhile/no good/no use/a waste of...中使用。 It is a waste of time regretting for the past. 6. 单个不定式、动词-ing作主语时谓语动词用单数；并列不定式或动词-ing作主语时若指整体概念，谓语动词仍用单数。 To learn a foreign language well is not easy. Taking exercise does good to your health. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 7. “疑问词＋to do”结构可以作主语、宾语和表语。 Where to find the lost keys is still a problem. I was wondering how to get there. My problem is when to change the plan. 考点3　　非谓语动词作宾语 情况 常用动词 只接不定式作宾语的动词 hope,want,offer,long(渴望),fail,expect,wish,ask,decide, pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen 只接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语 mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider,can’t help,feel like,succeed in,be fond of,object to,get down to,be engaged in,insist on,think of,be proud of,take pride in,set about,be afraid of,be tired of,look forward to,devote oneself to,be worth,be busy,pay attention to,stick to 两者都可以 意义相同 begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动词-ing形式多指一般或习惯行为) need,want,require,deserve (接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,若接不定式则应用被动形式) 意义不同 stop to do(停下手中正在做的事,去做另一件事) stop doing(停止正在做的事) remember/forget/regret to do(指动作尚未发生) remember/forget/regret doing(指动作已经发生) go on to do(接着做另外一件事) go on doing(接着做同一件事) try to do(设法,努力去做,尽力做) try doing(试着去做) mean to do(打算做,企图做) mean doing(意思是,意味着) 考点4　非谓语动词作表语 1. 不定式、动词-ing和过去分词均可作表语。但不定式表示具体情况，而动词-ing表示通常状况，动词-ing和过去分词均表示主语的状态。 Tony’s plan is to finish his essay by the end of this month. My favourite sport is playing volleyball. The news is very exciting. My jacket is worn out. 2. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： My money is stolen. (主系表结构，表状态或结果，多为一般时态) My money was stolen by an unemployed guy. (被动语态表被动的动作) 3. 动词-ing作表语与进行时态的区别： His favorite sport is playing football. (主系表结构) His behavior is pleasing. (主系表结构) He is playing football. (现在进行时) 4. 形容词化的过去分词和动词-ing 很多情感化的过去分词和动词-ing在使用中都已转化成为形容词，用作表语或状语。一般而言，动词-ing表属性，过去分词表心理活动，常见的有：interest, move, touch, worry, inspire, encourage, disappoint, please, satisfy, bore, tire, invite, puzzle, confuse, entertain, relax, amuse, amaze, surprise, astonish, shock, embarrass, terrify, frighten, scare, discourage, annoy, exhaust等。 The pictures on the wall interest me. The pictures on the wall are interesting. I am interested in the pictures on the wall. 考点5　非谓语动词作状语 形式 类别 例句 不定式 目的、原因、条件、结果 My parents will be delighted to see you.(条件) I come here only to say good-bye to you.(目的) We’re proud to be young people of China.(原因) 动词-ing形式 时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况 Being a teacher,you should help your students in every way.(原因) He comes home late every evening,making his wife very angry.(结果) Using your head,you’ll find a good way.(条件) Working so hard,he failed again.(让步) They eat using the fingers of their right hands.(方式) He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper.(伴随) 过去分词 时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步 Born in a poor family,Nadia had only two years of schooling.(原因) When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.(时间) Some medicines,if wrongly taken,can kill a person.(条件) Encouraged by his parents,he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.(让步) The patient got off the bed,supported by the nurse.(方式) The girl met with an accident when crossing the road,wounded in the head.(结果) 考点6　非谓语动词作定语 1. 单个动词-ing和过去分词作定语，应置于被修饰的名词前。 a sleeping boy(动词-ing作定语表示被修饰名词的性质或状态) fallen leaves(不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示结果) the broken glass(及物动词的过去分词作定语既表示被动又表示完成) 2. 动词-ing短语、过去分词短语和不定式作定语，应置于被修饰的名词之后。 The person speaking_now is our manager. (正在讲话) The person to_speak is our manager. (将要讲话) The room already_repaired is my office. (已经维修) The room being_repaired is my office. (正在维修) The room to_be_repaired is my office. (将要维修) 注意：①修饰序数词或被序数词修饰的词只能用不定式作定语。如：Lucy is always the first to come. ②在句型have/give/find/need/want＋宾语＋to do中，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。如：I have a lot of work to do today. ③There be句型中的非谓语动词作定语，表意如下： There is much work to do /to be done. (将要做) There is a white dog running on the playground. (正在跑) There were people killed in the accident. (已经丧生) ④有些名词常接不定式作定语，如have the ability/the right/the chance/the courage/no time to do... 考点7　非谓语动词作补足语 形式 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例句 wish,want,ask,require/request,order,warn,allow/permit,forbid,expect,remind,encourage,inspire,call on,depend on(接带to的不定式作宾语补足语) 主谓关系(表主动)。强调动作即将发生或已经完成 We depend on you to help us out of trouble. I made him do his work. →He was made to do his work (by me). They saw the boy fall suddenly off the tree. →The boy was seen to fall suddenly off the tree. see,hear,watch,feel,notice,look at等感官动词(词组)和let,make,have等使役动词后面,不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to。这样的动词可归纳为: 五看:watch,see,look at,observe,notice; 三让:let,make,have; 二听:hear,listen to; 一感觉:feel。 注意:当以上动词用于被动语态的句子中时,to要还原 动词 -ing 形式 notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel 主谓关系(表主动)。强调动作正在进行,尚未完成 I found her listening to the radio when I passed by. 过去 分词 动宾关系(表被动)。动作已经完成,多强调状态 We found the village greatly changed. 1．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故选A。 2．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C。 3．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。 4．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故选A。 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故选B。 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show. A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中，have表示“使……处于……状态”。______ for 10 minutes作伴随状语，其逻辑主语the audience和clap之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故选D。 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth. A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. A．Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．Having learned 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. A．To study B．Studying C．Having studied D．Studied 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。 17．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ______ what she thought was necessary. A．ordered B．ordering C．to have ordered D．having been ordered 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：泰勒太太逛了商店，订购了她认为必要的东西。分析句子可知，Mrs. Taylor 与order在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A．to eat；to try B．eating；trying C．eating；to try D．to eat； trying 【答案】D 【详解】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。 点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点题型·选择题攻略 专题04 单项选择之非谓语动词 天津英语单选难度较为中等，没有所谓“偏，难，怪”的题目，重要的是了解考纲，做到快速判断考察的知识点，重点突破语法。 涉及知识点：情景交际，时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词性从句，情态动词，状语从句，词汇，短语辨析。 根据近几年天津高考真题可知，非谓语主要考查了非谓语做定语，非谓语做状语的形式。因此在备考过程中要多侧重非谓语做定语和状语。 年份 非谓语动词 难度系数 2024 不定式作定语； 0.65 0.65　 2023 现在分词作定语；现在分词的完成式作状语；过去分词作定语；现在分词作状语 0.94 2022 现在分词作状语；不定式作目的状语； 0.65 0.65　 2021 动词的固定结构、不定式的一般式；现在分词作定语； 0.65 2020 现在分词作状语；不定式作目的状语（2）；过去分词作状语； 0.65　 考点1　基本用法 种类 形式 意义特征 功能 不定式 to do 主动、将来 作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语和补语 to be done 被动、将来 to be doing 主动、进行 to have done 主动、完成 to have been done 被动、完成 过去分词 done 被动、完成 作表语、状语、定语和补语 动词-ing doing 主动、进行 作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语(不作目的状语)和补语 being done 被动、进行 having done 主动、完成 having been done 被动、完成 考点2 非谓语动词作主语 1. 动词-ing和不定式都可作主语，但动词-ing多表示一般情况，而不定式常指具体情况。 Teaching English is my job. To write an email to the manager is my work today. 2. 动词-ing和不定式作主语时，句子前后应保持结构的一致性。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 3. “there be＋no＋主语”这种结构中通常用动词-ing作主语，而不用不定式。这种结构表示“不可能，无法”，相当于“it is impossible to do sth.”。 There is no reasoning with him. 注意：本句型中的no有时可用not any或never any代替。如There is never any telling what will happen in the future. 4. 不定式作主语一般可以用形式主语it代替。 To keep healthy is important. ＝It is important to keep healthy. 注意：It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 中adj.常为表示不定式行为性质的词(important, impossible, right等)，如：It is impossible for a man to fly by himself. 而It is＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.中adj.为表示人的品质的词(kind, foolish, clever, wrong, wise, nice等)，如It is kind of you to help me with my English. 5. 动词-ing作主语用形式主语it代替时，常在特定结构It is worthwhile/no good/no use/a waste of...中使用。 It is a waste of time regretting for the past. 6. 单个不定式、动词-ing作主语时谓语动词用单数；并列不定式或动词-ing作主语时若指整体概念，谓语动词仍用单数。 To learn a foreign language well is not easy. Taking exercise does good to your health. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 7. “疑问词＋to do”结构可以作主语、宾语和表语。 Where to find the lost keys is still a problem. I was wondering how to get there. My problem is when to change the plan. 考点3　　非谓语动词作宾语 情况 常用动词 只接不定式作宾语的动词 hope,want,offer,long(渴望),fail,expect,wish,ask,decide, pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen 只接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语 mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider,can’t help,feel like,succeed in,be fond of,object to,get down to,be engaged in,insist on,think of,be proud of,take pride in,set about,be afraid of,be tired of,look forward to,devote oneself to,be worth,be busy,pay attention to,stick to 两者都可以 意义相同 begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动词-ing形式多指一般或习惯行为) need,want,require,deserve (接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,若接不定式则应用被动形式) 意义不同 stop to do(停下手中正在做的事,去做另一件事) stop doing(停止正在做的事) remember/forget/regret to do(指动作尚未发生) remember/forget/regret doing(指动作已经发生) go on to do(接着做另外一件事) go on doing(接着做同一件事) try to do(设法,努力去做,尽力做) try doing(试着去做) mean to do(打算做,企图做) mean doing(意思是,意味着) 考点4　非谓语动词作表语 1. 不定式、动词-ing和过去分词均可作表语。但不定式表示具体情况，而动词-ing表示通常状况，动词-ing和过去分词均表示主语的状态。 Tony’s plan is to finish his essay by the end of this month. My favourite sport is playing volleyball. The news is very exciting. My jacket is worn out. 2. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： My money is stolen. (主系表结构，表状态或结果，多为一般时态) My money was stolen by an unemployed guy. (被动语态表被动的动作) 3. 动词-ing作表语与进行时态的区别： His favorite sport is playing football. (主系表结构) His behavior is pleasing. (主系表结构) He is playing football. (现在进行时) 4. 形容词化的过去分词和动词-ing 很多情感化的过去分词和动词-ing在使用中都已转化成为形容词，用作表语或状语。一般而言，动词-ing表属性，过去分词表心理活动，常见的有：interest, move, touch, worry, inspire, encourage, disappoint, please, satisfy, bore, tire, invite, puzzle, confuse, entertain, relax, amuse, amaze, surprise, astonish, shock, embarrass, terrify, frighten, scare, discourage, annoy, exhaust等。 The pictures on the wall interest me. The pictures on the wall are interesting. I am interested in the pictures on the wall. 考点5　非谓语动词作状语 形式 类别 例句 不定式 目的、原因、条件、结果 My parents will be delighted to see you.(条件) I come here only to say good-bye to you.(目的) We’re proud to be young people of China.(原因) 动词-ing形式 时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况 Being a teacher,you should help your students in every way.(原因) He comes home late every evening,making his wife very angry.(结果) Using your head,you’ll find a good way.(条件) Working so hard,he failed again.(让步) They eat using the fingers of their right hands.(方式) He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper.(伴随) 过去分词 时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步 Born in a poor family,Nadia had only two years of schooling.(原因) When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.(时间) Some medicines,if wrongly taken,can kill a person.(条件) Encouraged by his parents,he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.(让步) The patient got off the bed,supported by the nurse.(方式) The girl met with an accident when crossing the road,wounded in the head.(结果) 考点6　非谓语动词作定语 1. 单个动词-ing和过去分词作定语，应置于被修饰的名词前。 a sleeping boy(动词-ing作定语表示被修饰名词的性质或状态) fallen leaves(不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示结果) the broken glass(及物动词的过去分词作定语既表示被动又表示完成) 2. 动词-ing短语、过去分词短语和不定式作定语，应置于被修饰的名词之后。 The person speaking_now is our manager. (正在讲话) The person to_speak is our manager. (将要讲话) The room already_repaired is my office. (已经维修) The room being_repaired is my office. (正在维修) The room to_be_repaired is my office. (将要维修) 注意：①修饰序数词或被序数词修饰的词只能用不定式作定语。如：Lucy is always the first to come. ②在句型have/give/find/need/want＋宾语＋to do中，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。如：I have a lot of work to do today. ③There be句型中的非谓语动词作定语，表意如下： There is much work to do /to be done. (将要做) There is a white dog running on the playground. (正在跑) There were people killed in the accident. (已经丧生) ④有些名词常接不定式作定语，如have the ability/the right/the chance/the courage/no time to do... 考点7　非谓语动词作补足语 形式 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例句 wish,want,ask,require/request,order,warn,allow/permit,forbid,expect,remind,encourage,inspire,call on,depend on(接带to的不定式作宾语补足语) 主谓关系(表主动)。强调动作即将发生或已经完成 We depend on you to help us out of trouble. I made him do his work. →He was made to do his work (by me). They saw the boy fall suddenly off the tree. →The boy was seen to fall suddenly off the tree. see,hear,watch,feel,notice,look at等感官动词(词组)和let,make,have等使役动词后面,不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to。这样的动词可归纳为: 五看:watch,see,look at,observe,notice; 三让:let,make,have; 二听:hear,listen to; 一感觉:feel。 注意:当以上动词用于被动语态的句子中时,to要还原 动词 -ing 形式 notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel 主谓关系(表主动)。强调动作正在进行,尚未完成 I found her listening to the radio when I passed by. 过去 分词 动宾关系(表被动)。动作已经完成,多强调状态 We found the village greatly changed. 1．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 2．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 3．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 4．（2023·天津·统考高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show. A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth. A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. A．Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．Having learned 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. A．To study B．Studying C．Having studied D．Studied 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 17．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ______ what she thought was necessary. A．ordered B．ordering C．to have ordered D．having been ordered 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A．to eat；to try B．eating；trying C．eating；to try D．to eat； trying 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$