第09讲 必修三 Unit3 课文学习&知识点讲练-【寒假自学课】2025年高一英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）

第09讲 新课学习必修第三册Unit 3（课文学习&知识讲解） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 Vocabulary Master "admit", "occur", "seek", etc. for fluent communication. Sentence Patterns Grasp "it + be + adj. + to do" and "can't wait" structures precisely. Grammar Understand omission in various clauses and its flexible application. Cultural Awareness Absorb cultural elements in texts, widen cross-cultural vision. 高频词汇 1. admit： 含义：主要有 “承认；准许进入；容纳” 等意思。 用法：作 “承认” 讲时，后可接名词、代词、动名词或 that 从句等。 例如： He admitted his mistake.（他承认了他的错误。） She admitted stealing the money.（她承认偷了钱。） He admitted that he was wrong.（他承认他错了。） 作 “准许进入” 时，如：The theater admits only 500 people.（这个剧院只能容纳 500 人。） 注意，admit 后不能接动词不定式作宾语。 2. occur： 含义：表示 “发生；出现；被想到”。 用法：常见用法有 sth. occurs to sb.（某人突然想起某事）。 例如：A good idea occurred to me.（我突然想到一个好主意。） 其过去式和过去分词形式为 occurred，现在分词为 occurring。 相关词汇拓展有：occurrence（事件；发生）。 3. seek： 含义：有 “寻找；寻求；试图” 等含义。 用法：例如 seek one's fortune（寻找发财机会）。 seek for help（寻求帮助）。 还可以说 seek to do sth.（试图做某事）。 例如：He seeks to improve his English.（他试图提高他的英语水平。） 4. earn： 含义：“挣得；赢得；获得” 等。 用法：如 earn money（挣钱）。 earn a living（谋生）。 还有 earn sb. sth. 的用法。 例如：His hard work earned him a promotion.（他的努力工作为他赢得了一次晋升。） 拓展词汇有 earnings（收入；收益）。 5. select： 含义：“选择；挑选；选拔”。 用法：例如 select sth. from...（从... 中挑选某物）。 The coach selected the best players for the team.（教练为球队挑选了最好的球员。） 相关词汇拓展：selection（选择；选集），selector（选择器；挑选者）。 6. claim： 含义：“声称；宣称；夺取；要求；索赔” 等。 用法：例如 claim that...（声称...）。 He claimed that he had seen a UFO.（他声称他看到了一个不明飞行物。） 还有 claim sth.（要求得到某物）。 如：She claimed her lost luggage at the airport.（她在机场认领了她丢失的行李。） 7. apart from： 含义：“除了... 外（还 / 都）”。 用法：当表示 “除了... 还有” 时，相当于 in addition to。 例如：Apart from English, he also speaks French.（除了英语，他还说法语。） 当表示 “除了... 都” 时，相当于 except for。 例如：Apart from a few mistakes, this composition is very good.（除了一些错误，这篇作文很好。） 8. escape： 含义：“逃走；逃脱；逃避；避免” 等。 用法：例如 escape from prison（越狱）。 escape punishment（逃避惩罚）。 还可以说 escape doing sth.（避免做某事）。 如：He escaped being punished.（他避免了被惩罚。） 9. percentage： 含义：“百分率；百分比”。 用法：当被小于 “1” 的数词修饰时，名词用单数，如 0.5 percentage。 当被大于 “1” 的数词修饰时，名词用复数，如 50 percentages。 例如：The percentage of students who passed the exam is high.（通过考试的学生百分比很高。） 在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词或代词的单复数形式。 10. settle： 含义：“定居；解决；安排；使平静” 等。 用法：例如 settle in a new city（在一个新城市定居）。 settle a dispute（解决争端）。 settle down 表示 “定居；平静下来；专心于”。 如：After years of traveling, he finally settled down.（经过多年的旅行，他终于定居下来。） 11. construction： 含义：“建筑；建造；建筑物；结构” 等。 用法：例如 under construction（在建设中）。 The new bridge is under construction.（这座新桥正在建设中。） 相关词汇拓展：construct（建造；构造），constructor（建造者；构造函数）。 12. suit： 含义：“适合；使适应；套装” 等。 用法：例如 suit sb. fine（很适合某人）。 This dress suits me fine.（这条裙子很适合我。） 作动词时，易与 fit 混淆，suit 侧重 “合乎口味、性格、条件、地位等”，而 fit 侧重 “大小、形状合适”。 例如：The shoes fit me well.（这双鞋我穿大小合适。） 13. contain： 含义：“包含；容纳；抑制；克制” 等。 用法：例如 This box contains many books.（这个盒子里装了许多书。） contain oneself 表示 “克制自己”。 如：He could hardly contain himself when he heard the good news.（当他听到这个好消息时，他几乎无法克制自己。） 与 include 的区别在于，contain 强调 “整体包含部分”，而 include 强调 “部分包含在整体中”。 例如：The book contains five chapters.（这本书包含五个章节。） The price includes tax.（价格包含税。） 重点句型 1. it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式： 含义：it 在此结构中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，这样可以避免句子头重脚轻。 用法：例如 It is important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要。） 可以转化为 To learn English well is important. 拓展句式有： It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是... 的）。 例如：It is difficult for me to solve this problem.（对我来说解决这个问题很难。） It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.（某人做某事是... 的，这里的 adj. 通常是描述人的品质的形容词）。 例如：It is kind of you to help me.（你帮助我真是太好了。） 2. can't wait： 含义：表示 “迫不及待做某事”。 用法：后面接动词不定式，即 can't wait to do sth.。 例如：I can't wait to see you.（我迫不及待地想见你。） 拓展结构 can't help doing sth.（忍不住做某事）。 例如：She can't help laughing when she hears the joke.（当她听到这个笑话时，她忍不住笑了。） 语法精讲 1. 英语语句中的省略 1) 简单句中的省略：在一些日常用语或并列结构中，相同的部分可以省略。 例如： (You) Come in, please.（请进。） Some like music, others (like) sports.（一些人喜欢音乐，其他人喜欢体育。） 2) 并列复合句中的省略：在并列句中，如果后面分句中有与前面分句相同的部分，通常可以省略。 例如：He is a teacher and his wife (is) a doctor.（他是一名教师，他的妻子是一名医生。） 3) 状语从句中的省略：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。 例如：When (I was) walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.（当我在公园散步时，我看到了一朵美丽的花。） 4) 宾语及定语从句中的省略： 在宾语从句中，引导词 that 有时可以省略（在非正式文体中）。 例如：I think (that) he is right.（我认为他是对的。） 在定语从句中，如果关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 例如：The book (which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书很有趣。） 5) 介词的省略：在一些固定搭配中，介词可以省略。 例如：spend time (in) doing sth.（花费时间做某事）。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）。 6) 不定式的省略：为了避免重复，不定式可以省略，但要保留 to。 例如：I asked him to come, but he didn't want to (come).（我叫他来，但他不想来。） 7) 虚拟语气中的省略：在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果有 were, had, should 等词，可以将 if 省略，然后把这些词提前。 例如：Were I you (If I were you), I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。） Had he known the truth (If he had known the truth), he wouldn't have made such a mistake.（如果他知道真相，他就不会犯这样的错误了。） 提升练习(2019人教版英语必修三第30页) Rewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. 1. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds like a good idea. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but he couldn’t solve the problems. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. If it is necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Are you going to dress like that? Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 核心考点 1：admit 1. The boy admitted ______ (break) the window and promised to pay for it. 2. She finally admitted that she ______ (make) a mistake. 3. Only ticket holders will be admitted ______ the concert hall. 核心考点 2：occur 1. A good idea occurred ______ me when I was reading the book. 2. It never occurred ______ him that he would win the first prize. 3. Many accidents ______ (occur) frequently in this area. 核心考点 3：seek 1. The young man is seeking ______ a better job. 2. They sought ______ (solve) the problem by themselves. 3. We should seek advice ______ our teachers when we have difficulties. 核心考点 4：earn 1. He earned his living by______ (drive) a taxi. 2. Her hard work earned her ______ respect of all her colleagues. 3. How much do you earn ______ a month? 核心考点 5：select 1. The teacher selected him ______ (represent) the class in the speech contest. 2. We should select the best players ______ the team. 3. She was selected ______ the chairperson of the club. 核心考点 6：escape 1. The thief escaped ______ (catch) by the police. 2. They managed to escape ______ the burning building. 3. He had a narrow escape ______ death. 核心考点 7：settle 1. After years of traveling, he finally decided to settle ______ in a small town. 2. We need to settle the problem ______ a peaceful way. 3. She settled herself ______ before answering the question. 核心考点 8: “it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式” 1.（翻译题）对我们来说保护环境是非常重要的。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.（选择题）______ (It is / That is) necessary to learn a foreign language well in modern society. 3.（填空题）It seems ______ (be) a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend. 核心考点 9: “can't wait 迫不及待” 及其拓展 1.（翻译题）我迫不及待地想见到我的老朋友。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.（填空题）The children can hardly wait ______ (open) their presents on Christmas Eve. 3.（填空题）She can't help ______ (laugh) when she hears the joke. 核心考点 10: 简单句中的省略 1.（选择题）( ) Time is money. A. The B. An C. / D. A 2.（翻译题）（你）请递给我那本书。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.（填空题）She is taller than I ( ). 核心考点 12: 状语从句中的省略 1.（选择题）When ______ (study), he is always very focused. 2.（翻译题）如果可能的话，我明天会去看你。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.（填空题）Though ______ (tire), he still kept working. 核心考点 13: 宾语从句及定语从句中的省略 1.（选择题）He said ( ) he would come back soon. A. \ B. which C. what D. who 2.（翻译题）我昨天买的书很有趣。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.（填空题）The man ( ) you met in the park is my teacher. 一、单句语法填空题 1. The thief finally admitted ______ (steal) the jewels and returned them. 2. A strange noise occurred ______ the middle of the night, waking everyone up. 3. They are seeking ______ (find) a new way to solve the problem. 4. He earned his living by ______ (paint) portraits for people. 5. She selected a beautiful scarf ______ (match) her new dress. 6. It is important for us ______ (protect) the environment. 7. The children can't wait ______ (see) the presents under the Christmas tree. 8. It seems ______ (be) a good day for a picnic. 9. She was so happy that she couldn't help ______ (smile). 10. The question is when ______ (start) the project. 11. When ______ (cross) the road, look both ways carefully. 12. In some Asian countries, it is polite to bow when ______ (greet) others. 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项 A Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute held in Egypt The Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute in Cairo University was held for the first time at the Egyptian National Museum in the capital’s Tahrir Square on Monday, Oct 8, 2018. A teacher from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs wushu. Meanwhile, a woman performs Chinese calligraphy (书法) and a student from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs Chinese folk dance.Chinese opera legends make UK stage return People in UK will have an opportunity to enjoy Chinese culture when the China National Peking Opera Company returns to the country for the fourth time, for a series of workshops and performances. Activities will be held at the British Library, Oxford’s, Ashmolean Museum. Lisa Lu, a respected actress will lead a group of artists from China, the US and the UK to discuss their experiences of working across a variety of artistic fields in different cultures over many years.China Reading Corner opens in Fiji National Library China Reading Comer opened here on Friday in the Fiji National Library to help strengthen the cultural exchanges between China and Fiji. The China Reading Comer contains over 6,000 books, 20,000 e-books and other hardware given by China’s Zhengzhou Library. Chinese Ambassador to Fiji Qian Bo said that, with this reading comer, Fijian people know where to find the information they are interested in and the reading comer will serve as a window for Fijian people to look out to the outside world. “The Chinese and Fijian people will further deepen their friendship and have a better understanding of each other,” he said. 1．Which of the following Chinese cultures is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．wushu B．paper-cuts C．calligraphy D．folk dance 2．Where will you go to if you want to enjoy China’s National Peking Opera? A．China Reading Comer B．Confucius Institute in Cairo C．Oxford's Ashmolean Museum D．Egyptian National Museum 3．Where is the text probably from? A．A science report. B．A guidebook. C．A newspaper. D．A diary. B My first visit to Angkor Wat (吴哥窟) was in 1980. The country had been at war for many years and the temple was deserted and falling to pieces. Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the yards. Today, the temple is the scene of a busy repair program. A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of them women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple. As I walked through the yards, I noticed the Cambodian women devote hours to cleaning carefully a tiny area of stone. Boards are laid down to protect the precious painted stones while the repair work is going on. There are very few machines and little heavy equipment. Workers carry building materials in buckets at the end of long poles. Piles of stones lie in a corner of the yard, waiting to be replaced. The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task. First they clean the stones with brushes using buckets of a weak chemical. Then gaps between the stones are filled in. Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water forever. Work starts every day at 7 am and goes on until late afternoon six days a week, with a break at midday. Evening is the best time to visit the temple, after the tour groups have left. As the sun sinks lower, shadows spread across the yard. After sunset, the sky turns pink. The grey stone towers take on a golden color before turning pink. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. 1．According to the author, which of the following plays the LEAST important role in the repair work? A．The women workers. B．The Indian workers. C．Machines. D．Skilled workers. 2．The underlined sentence “the temple was deserted” probably means that ________. A．there was no one in the temple and it was in a poor state B．the temple was built on a desert and nobody noticed it C．the temple was very old with a long history D．the temple was repaired by the Cambodians, most of whom were women 3．To clean the stone, how many steps should be followed? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．Which work needs a lot of time to do? A．To get rid of certain types of plants. B．To carry the building materials. C．To replace the stones. D．To clean the stones. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白位置的最佳选项 The Qingming Festival is usually celebrated with a three-day national holiday, whose name originates (起源) from the saying “Plants start to revive (复活) and prosper at Qingming in a clean and bright way.” Thus, the festival is called Qingming, which means “clean and bright”. 1 Tomb sweeping is aimed at commemorating family ancestors, while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season. Traditional customs Tomb sweeping. 2 On this day, the whole family gathers in front of their ancestral tombs. They offer fruit and wine to their ancestors and clear the weeds from around the tomb. Finally, they kowtow and pray, hoping for their ancestors’ blessing for the rest of the year. Spring outings. The time around the Qingming Festival is one of the most suitable seasons for a spring outing, as plants are thriving and flowers are blooming. People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family. 3 Traditional food Qingtuan is a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand. 4 It is a mixture of sticky rice powder and green vegetable juice. Stuffed (装满) with sweetened bean paste, Qingtuan tastes sweet with the fresh fragrance of Aicao, a green spring vegetable. In celebration of Qingming, people from Shaanxi make steamed buns known as Huamo, which are made into different shapes. 5 Some are for peaceful family life, while others represent (象征) the wish for health. A．Each different look brings a good blessing. B．The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty. C．The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing. D．Family members gather together to celebrate and taste the food. E．Playing football and flying kites are popular activities. F．Many traditional customs are practiced to show respect for our ancestors. G．It is popular in Jiangnan. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Er Yue Er is the festival where the "dragon raises its head" according to Chinese people. The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival 1 (fall) on the second day of the second lunar month annually, marking the start of spring and farming. Ancient people had the belief that after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep. The festival celebrates ancient agricultural Chinese culture, and while some traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others 2 (actual) exist. The 3 (famous) tradition is getting a haircut. Chinese people believe that going to the barber's on this day can get rid of bad luck. Meanwhile, people hold the view that 4 (get) a haircut during the first month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck. So on this day people are found 5 (line) up outside barber shops. In 6 (celebrate) of this festival, Chinese people make some kinds of foods 7 contain special meanings. For example, based 8 local customs, fried beans are the traditional festival food for people in parts of Shandong Province. In Fujian Province, tofu and vegetable balls are made 9 (pray) for family and business. Eating chengyao cakes made with sticky rice is 10 must in Suzhou during the festival. The practice seems to be consistent with the saying, “If you eat chengyao cakes on the Dragon-Head-Raising Festival, your waist won't hurt all year.” 四、书面表达 学校网站将举办一个关于中华美食节的征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文来介绍一种你最喜欢的中国传统美食，内容包括： 1.该食物的文化或历史； 2.该食物的材料、外观、味道； 3.你喜欢该食物的原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第09讲 新课学习必修第三册Unit 3（课文学习&知识讲解） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 Vocabulary Master "admit", "occur", "seek", etc. for fluent communication. Sentence Patterns Grasp "it + be + adj. + to do" and "can't wait" structures precisely. Grammar Understand omission in various clauses and its flexible application. Cultural Awareness Absorb cultural elements in texts, widen cross-cultural vision. 高频词汇 1. admit： 含义：主要有 “承认；准许进入；容纳” 等意思。 用法：作 “承认” 讲时，后可接名词、代词、动名词或 that 从句等。 例如： He admitted his mistake.（他承认了他的错误。） She admitted stealing the money.（她承认偷了钱。） He admitted that he was wrong.（他承认他错了。） 作 “准许进入” 时，如：The theater admits only 500 people.（这个剧院只能容纳 500 人。） 注意，admit 后不能接动词不定式作宾语。 2. occur： 含义：表示 “发生；出现；被想到”。 用法：常见用法有 sth. occurs to sb.（某人突然想起某事）。 例如：A good idea occurred to me.（我突然想到一个好主意。） 其过去式和过去分词形式为 occurred，现在分词为 occurring。 相关词汇拓展有：occurrence（事件；发生）。 3. seek： 含义：有 “寻找；寻求；试图” 等含义。 用法：例如 seek one's fortune（寻找发财机会）。 seek for help（寻求帮助）。 还可以说 seek to do sth.（试图做某事）。 例如：He seeks to improve his English.（他试图提高他的英语水平。） 4. earn： 含义：“挣得；赢得；获得” 等。 用法：如 earn money（挣钱）。 earn a living（谋生）。 还有 earn sb. sth. 的用法。 例如：His hard work earned him a promotion.（他的努力工作为他赢得了一次晋升。） 拓展词汇有 earnings（收入；收益）。 5. select： 含义：“选择；挑选；选拔”。 用法：例如 select sth. from...（从... 中挑选某物）。 The coach selected the best players for the team.（教练为球队挑选了最好的球员。） 相关词汇拓展：selection（选择；选集），selector（选择器；挑选者）。 6. claim： 含义：“声称；宣称；夺取；要求；索赔” 等。 用法：例如 claim that...（声称...）。 He claimed that he had seen a UFO.（他声称他看到了一个不明飞行物。） 还有 claim sth.（要求得到某物）。 如：She claimed her lost luggage at the airport.（她在机场认领了她丢失的行李。） 7. apart from： 含义：“除了... 外（还 / 都）”。 用法：当表示 “除了... 还有” 时，相当于 in addition to。 例如：Apart from English, he also speaks French.（除了英语，他还说法语。） 当表示 “除了... 都” 时，相当于 except for。 例如：Apart from a few mistakes, this composition is very good.（除了一些错误，这篇作文很好。） 8. escape： 含义：“逃走；逃脱；逃避；避免” 等。 用法：例如 escape from prison（越狱）。 escape punishment（逃避惩罚）。 还可以说 escape doing sth.（避免做某事）。 如：He escaped being punished.（他避免了被惩罚。） 9. percentage： 含义：“百分率；百分比”。 用法：当被小于 “1” 的数词修饰时，名词用单数，如 0.5 percentage。 当被大于 “1” 的数词修饰时，名词用复数，如 50 percentages。 例如：The percentage of students who passed the exam is high.（通过考试的学生百分比很高。） 在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词或代词的单复数形式。 10. settle： 含义：“定居；解决；安排；使平静” 等。 用法：例如 settle in a new city（在一个新城市定居）。 settle a dispute（解决争端）。 settle down 表示 “定居；平静下来；专心于”。 如：After years of traveling, he finally settled down.（经过多年的旅行，他终于定居下来。） 11. construction： 含义：“建筑；建造；建筑物；结构” 等。 用法：例如 under construction（在建设中）。 The new bridge is under construction.（这座新桥正在建设中。） 相关词汇拓展：construct（建造；构造），constructor（建造者；构造函数）。 12. suit： 含义：“适合；使适应；套装” 等。 用法：例如 suit sb. fine（很适合某人）。 This dress suits me fine.（这条裙子很适合我。） 作动词时，易与 fit 混淆，suit 侧重 “合乎口味、性格、条件、地位等”，而 fit 侧重 “大小、形状合适”。 例如：The shoes fit me well.（这双鞋我穿大小合适。） 13. contain： 含义：“包含；容纳；抑制；克制” 等。 用法：例如 This box contains many books.（这个盒子里装了许多书。） contain oneself 表示 “克制自己”。 如：He could hardly contain himself when he heard the good news.（当他听到这个好消息时，他几乎无法克制自己。） 与 include 的区别在于，contain 强调 “整体包含部分”，而 include 强调 “部分包含在整体中”。 例如：The book contains five chapters.（这本书包含五个章节。） The price includes tax.（价格包含税。） 重点句型 1. it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式： 含义：it 在此结构中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，这样可以避免句子头重脚轻。 用法：例如 It is important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要。） 可以转化为 To learn English well is important. 拓展句式有： It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是... 的）。 例如：It is difficult for me to solve this problem.（对我来说解决这个问题很难。） It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.（某人做某事是... 的，这里的 adj. 通常是描述人的品质的形容词）。 例如：It is kind of you to help me.（你帮助我真是太好了。） 2. can't wait： 含义：表示 “迫不及待做某事”。 用法：后面接动词不定式，即 can't wait to do sth.。 例如：I can't wait to see you.（我迫不及待地想见你。） 拓展结构 can't help doing sth.（忍不住做某事）。 例如：She can't help laughing when she hears the joke.（当她听到这个笑话时，她忍不住笑了。） 语法精讲 1. 英语语句中的省略 1) 简单句中的省略：在一些日常用语或并列结构中，相同的部分可以省略。 例如： (You) Come in, please.（请进。） Some like music, others (like) sports.（一些人喜欢音乐，其他人喜欢体育。） 2) 并列复合句中的省略：在并列句中，如果后面分句中有与前面分句相同的部分，通常可以省略。 例如：He is a teacher and his wife (is) a doctor.（他是一名教师，他的妻子是一名医生。） 3) 状语从句中的省略：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。 例如：When (I was) walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.（当我在公园散步时，我看到了一朵美丽的花。） 4) 宾语及定语从句中的省略： 在宾语从句中，引导词 that 有时可以省略（在非正式文体中）。 例如：I think (that) he is right.（我认为他是对的。） 在定语从句中，如果关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 例如：The book (which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书很有趣。） 5) 介词的省略：在一些固定搭配中，介词可以省略。 例如：spend time (in) doing sth.（花费时间做某事）。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）。 6) 不定式的省略：为了避免重复，不定式可以省略，但要保留 to。 例如：I asked him to come, but he didn't want to (come).（我叫他来，但他不想来。） 7) 虚拟语气中的省略：在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果有 were, had, should 等词，可以将 if 省略，然后把这些词提前。 例如：Were I you (If I were you), I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。） Had he known the truth (If he had known the truth), he wouldn't have made such a mistake.（如果他知道真相，他就不会犯这样的错误了。） 提升练习(2019人教版英语必修三第30页) Rewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. 1. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds like a good idea. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but he couldn’t solve the problems. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. If it is necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Are you going to dress like that? Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. You mean you're planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? Sounds like a good idea. 解析：原句 “It sounds like a good idea.” 中 “it” 指代前面提到的 “planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday” 这件事，在口语化表达等情境下，为了简洁可以省略掉形式主语 “it” 后面的系动词 “is”，这样句子依然表意清晰，且更加简洁明了，符合英语中避免重复、精简表达的习惯。 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but couldn't. 解析：前面已经提到 “solve his financial problems”，后面再次出现 “solve the problems” 就显得重复，这里可以直接省略掉重复的实义动词 “solve” 以及后面的 “the problems”，用 “couldn't” 来指代前面没能解决问题这个动作，读者根据前文语境能明白其具体所指内容，使句子更精炼。 3. If necessary, I'll finish my report on American poetry as soon as possible. 解析：“if it is necessary” 和 “as soon as it is possible” 属于常用的省略结构，在英语里可以直接省略掉形式主语 “it” 和系动词 “is”，变成 “if necessary” 和 “as soon as possible”，这是约定俗成的简洁表达方式，大家都能理解其含义，即分别表示 “如果有必要的话” 和 “尽快”，让句子整体更简洁顺口。 4. Are you going to dress like that? A dress might be better than jeans and boots. 解析：原句中 “Wearing a dress” 和 “wearing jeans and boots” 存在重复表述 “wearing”，为了避免重复，可以直接用名词短语 “A dress” 和 “jeans and boots” 来表达所穿的衣物，这样更符合英语简洁表达、避免冗余的要求，同时句子意思也很清楚，对比了穿裙子和穿牛仔裤加靴子这两种穿着方式。 5. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some aren't. 解析：前面提到 “Some wild mushrooms are poisonous”，后面为了避免重复使用 “are not poisonous” 的完整表达，可以用缩写形式 “aren't” 来代替，读者能根据前文的 “some” 以及整体语境理解这里是说有些野生蘑菇是无毒的，达到简洁表意的效果。 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son does, too. 解析：前半句说 “I really like that paper folding book”，后半句重复提到 “likes that paper folding book”，为了避免重复喜欢的对象 “that paper folding book” 以及重复使用 “like” 这个动词，可以用助动词 “does” 来代替 “likes that paper folding book”，意思就是 “我儿子也喜欢（那本折纸书）”，使句子更加简洁紧凑，又不影响语义传达。 核心考点 1：admit 1. The boy admitted ______ (break) the window and promised to pay for it. 答案：breaking 解析：admit doing sth. 表示 “承认做某事”，这里指男孩承认打破了窗户，所以用 breaking。 2. She finally admitted that she ______ (make) a mistake. 答案：had made 解析：admit 后接宾语从句，根据语境 “她最终承认她犯了一个错误”，“犯错误” 这个动作发生在 “承认” 之前，所以用过去完成时 had made。 3. Only ticket holders will be admitted ______ the concert hall. 答案：to /into 解析：be admitted to /into... 表示 “被准许进入……”，这里指只有持票者才能被允许进入音乐厅，所以填 to 或 into。 核心考点 2：occur 1. A good idea occurred ______ me when I was reading the book. 答案：to 解析：sth. occurs to sb. 表示 “某人想起某事”，这里指当我读书时，我想到了一个好主意，所以用 to。 2. It never occurred ______ him that he would win the first prize. 答案：to 解析：it occurs to sb. that... 表示 “某人想起 / 到……”，这里指他从未想到过他会赢得一等奖，所以用 to。 3. Many accidents ______ (occur) frequently in this area. 答案：occur。 解析：由frequently可以判断，句子是一般现在时。“many accidents” 是复数主语，在一般现在时中，当主语是复数时，谓语动词用原形。所以直接用 occur。 核心考点 3：seek 1. The young man is seeking ______ a better job. 答案：for 解析：seek for... 表示 “寻找……”，这里指这个年轻人正在寻找一份更好的工作，所以用 for。 2. They sought ______ (solve) the problem by themselves. 答案：to solve 解析：seek to do sth. 表示 “试图 / 设法做某事”，这里指他们试图自己解决问题，所以用 to solve。 3. We should seek advice ______ our teachers when we have difficulties. 答案：from 解析：seek... from... 表示 “从…… 中寻求……”，这里指当我们有困难时，我们应该向老师寻求建议，所以用 from。 核心考点 4：earn 1. He earned his living by______ (drive) a taxi. 答案：driving 解析：earn one's living (by... ) 表示 “（靠……）谋生”，这里指他靠开出租车谋生，所以用 by driving。 2. Her hard work earned her ______ respect of all her colleagues. 答案：the 解析：earn sb. sth. 表示 “使某人获得 / 赢得某物”，这里指她的努力工作为她赢得了所有同事的尊重，所以用 the respect。 3. How much do you earn ______ a month? 答案：in 解析：earn... in a month 表示 “一个月挣……”，这里问 “你一个月挣多少钱？” 所以用 in。 核心考点 5：select 1. The teacher selected him ______ (represent) the class in the speech contest. 答案：to represent 解析：select sb. to do sth. 表示 “挑选某人去做某事”，这里指老师挑选他代表班级参加演讲比赛，所以用 to represent。 2. We should select the best players ______ the team. 答案：for 解析：select... for... 表示 “为…… 挑选……”，这里指我们应该为球队挑选最好的球员，所以用 for。 3. She was selected ______ the chairperson of the club. 答案：as 解析：select... as... 表示 “挑选…… 作为……”，这里指她被选为俱乐部的主席，所以用 as。 核心考点 6：escape 1. The thief escaped ______ (catch) by the police. 答案：being caught 解析：escape doing sth. 表示 “避免做某事”，这里指小偷逃脱了被警察抓住，“被抓住” 用 being caught。 2. They managed to escape ______ the burning building. 答案：from 解析：escape from... 表示 “从…… 中逃脱；逃离……”，这里指他们设法从燃烧的建筑物中逃脱，所以用 from。 3. He had a narrow escape ______ death. 答案：from 解析：a narrow escape from... 表示 “死里逃生”，这里指他从死亡中死里逃生，所以用 from。 核心考点 7：settle 1. After years of traveling, he finally decided to settle ______ in a small town. 答案：down 解析：settle down 表示 “定居下来，过安定的生活”，这里指经过多年的旅行，他最终决定在一个小镇定居下来，所以用 down。 2. We need to settle the problem ______ a peaceful way. 答案：in 解析：settle... in a... way 表示 “以…… 方式解决……”，这里指我们需要以和平的方式解决问题，所以用 in。 3. She settled herself ______ before answering the question. 答案：down 解析：settle oneself down 表示 “使自己安静 / 平静下来”，这里指她在回答问题前使自己平静下来，所以用 down。 核心考点 8: “it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式” 1.（翻译题）对我们来说保护环境是非常重要的。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It is very important for us to protect the environment. 解析：本题考查 “it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式” 句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是 “to protect the environment”，“for us” 表示 “对我们来说”。 2.（选择题）______ (It is / That is) necessary to learn a foreign language well in modern society. 答案：It is 解析：根据 “it + 系动词 + adj. + 不定式” 句型，这里需要用 It is，it 作形式主语，真正主语是 “to learn a foreign language well”，“在现代社会学好一门外语是必要的”，所以选 It is。 3.（填空题）It seems ______ (be) a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend. 答案：to be 解析：“It seems + 不定式” 是此句型的拓展结构，表示 “似乎……”，这里 “似乎是个好主意” 用 It seems to be，所以填 to be。 核心考点 9: “can't wait 迫不及待” 及其拓展 1.（翻译题）我迫不及待地想见到我的老朋友。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I can't wait to see my old friends. 解析：“can't wait to do sth.” 表示 “迫不及待地做某事”，“我” 作主语，“见到我的老朋友” 用 “to see my old friends”。 2.（填空题）The children can hardly wait ______ (open) their presents on Christmas Eve. 答案：to open 解析：“can hardly wait to do sth.” 表示 “迫不及待地做某事”，这里指孩子们迫不及待地打开他们的礼物，所以用 to open。 3.（填空题）She can't help ______ (laugh) when she hears the joke. 答案：laughing 解析：“can't help doing sth.” 是 “can't wait” 的拓展结构，表示 “情不自禁地做某事”，这里指她听到笑话时情不自禁地笑，所以填 laughing。 核心考点 10: 简单句中的省略 1.（选择题）( ) Time is money. A. The B. An C. / D. A 答案：C 解析：在表示 “时间就是金钱” 这个概念时，“Time” 作为不可数名词，前面不需要加冠词，所以选 C，此为前文出现词汇的省略情况，如 “(The) Early bird catches the worm.”（早起的鸟儿有虫吃）中 “the” 可省略。 2.（翻译题）（你）请递给我那本书。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(You) Pass me the book, please. 解析：祈使句中主语 “you” 常省略，这里 “请递给我那本书” 的完整表达是 “You pass me the book, please.”，但通常省略 “you”。 3.（填空题）She is taller than I ( ). 答案：am 解析：此为简单句中主谓结构的省略，完整表达是 “She is taller than I am tall.”，在比较级中，后面的 “am tall” 可省略，只保留 “am”。 核心考点 12: 状语从句中的省略 1.（选择题）When ______ (study), he is always very focused. 答案：studying 解析：由 when 引导的状语从句中，从句主语 “he” 与主句主语一致，且谓语含有 be 动词 “is”，从句可省略 “he is”，这里 “当学习时” 用 “When studying”，所以选 studying。 2.（翻译题）如果可能的话，我明天会去看你。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：If (it is) possible, I will visit you tomorrow. 解析：if 引导的状语从句中，从句主语是 “it”，谓语含有 be 动词 “is”，可省略 “it is”，“如果可能的话” 用 “If (it is) possible”。 3.（填空题）Though ______ (tire), he still kept working. 答案：tired 解析：though 引导的状语从句中，从句主语 “he” 与主句主语一致，且谓语含有 be 动词，可省略 “he was”，“尽管累了” 用 “Though tired”，所以填 tired。 核心考点 13: 宾语从句及定语从句中的省略 1.（选择题）He said ( ) he would come back soon. A. \ B. which C. what D. who 答案：A 解析：在宾语从句中，连接词 that 可以省略，这里 “他说他很快会回来”，“他说” 是 “He said”，“他很快会回来” 是宾语从句，连接词 that 可省略，所以选 A。 2.（翻译题）我昨天买的书很有趣。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The book (which /that) I bought yesterday is very interesting. 解析：在定语从句中，若引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语，该关系代词一般可省略，“我昨天买的书” 中 “书” 是先行词，“我买的” 是定语从句，关系代词 which 或 that 在从句中作宾语，可省略，即 “The book I bought yesterday...”。 3.（填空题）The man ( ) you met in the park is my teacher. 答案：whom /who/不填 解析：在定语从句 “你在公园遇见的那个人是我的老师” 中，“The man” 是先行词，“you met in the park” 是定语从句，关系代词 whom 或 who 在从句中作宾语，可省略，但这里是填空，所以填 whom /who。 一、单句语法填空题 1. The thief finally admitted ______ (steal) the jewels and returned them. 答案：stealing 解析：admit 后需接动词 -ing 形式作宾语，admit doing sth. 意为 “承认做某事”，故填 stealing，此句意为 “小偷最终承认偷了珠宝并归还了它们”。 2. A strange noise occurred ______ the middle of the night, waking everyone up. 答案：in 解析：“in the middle of the night” 为固定短语，表示 “在半夜”，所以填 in，整句意为 “半夜里出现了奇怪的噪音，把每个人都吵醒了”。 3. They are seeking ______ (find) a new way to solve the problem. 答案：to find 解析：seek 后接动词不定式作宾语，seek to do sth. 意为 “试图做某事”，所以填 to find，句子含义为 “他们正在试图寻找一种解决问题的新方法”。 4. He earned his living by ______ (paint) portraits for people. 答案：painting 解析：by 为介词，后接动词 -ing 形式，by doing sth. 表示 “通过做某事”，所以填 painting，此句是说 “他通过为人们画肖像谋生”。 5. She selected a beautiful scarf ______ (match) her new dress. 答案：to match 解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，“select... to do sth.” 表示 “挑选…… 去做某事”，即 “她挑选了一条漂亮的围巾来搭配她的新裙子”，所以填 to match。 6. It is important for us ______ (protect) the environment. 答案：to protect 解析：“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 是常用句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式 “to protect the environment”，意思是 “对我们来说保护环境很重要”。 7. The children can't wait ______ (see) the presents under the Christmas tree. 答案：to see 解析：“can't wait to do sth.” 是固定搭配，表示 “迫不及待做某事”，这里指 “孩子们迫不及待地想看圣诞树下的礼物”，所以填 to see。 8. It seems ______ (be) a good day for a picnic. 答案：to be 解析：“It seems + 动词不定式” 为常见结构，表示 “似乎……”，此句意为 “似乎是野餐的好天气”，故填 to be。 9. She was so happy that she couldn't help ______ (smile). 答案：smiling 解析：“can't help doing sth.” 意为 “情不自禁做某事”，这里指 “她如此高兴以至于情不自禁地微笑”，所以填 smiling。 10. The question is when ______ (start) the project. 答案：to start 解析：“when + 动词不定式” 作表语，在句中表示 “什么时候开始这个项目”，所以填 to start。 11. When ______ (cross) the road, look both ways carefully. 答案：crossing 解析：当 when 引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致（此句中从句主语为 you，被省略），且从句谓语含有 be 动词时，可省略从句主语和 be 动词，完整表达为 “When you are crossing...”，省略后为 “When crossing...”，故填 crossing，此句意为 “过马路时，要仔细看两边”。 12. In some Asian countries, it is polite to bow when ______ (greet) others. 答案：greeting 解析：此句中 when 引导时间状语从句，从句主语与主句主语一致（省略了 people），且从句谓语含有 be 动词（省略了 are），完整表达为 “when people are greeting others”，用动词 -ing 形式 greeting，句子意为 “在一些亚洲国家，向他人问候时鞠躬是有礼貌的”。 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项 A Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute held in Egypt The Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute in Cairo University was held for the first time at the Egyptian National Museum in the capital’s Tahrir Square on Monday, Oct 8, 2018. A teacher from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs wushu. Meanwhile, a woman performs Chinese calligraphy (书法) and a student from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs Chinese folk dance.Chinese opera legends make UK stage return People in UK will have an opportunity to enjoy Chinese culture when the China National Peking Opera Company returns to the country for the fourth time, for a series of workshops and performances. Activities will be held at the British Library, Oxford’s, Ashmolean Museum. Lisa Lu, a respected actress will lead a group of artists from China, the US and the UK to discuss their experiences of working across a variety of artistic fields in different cultures over many years.China Reading Corner opens in Fiji National Library China Reading Comer opened here on Friday in the Fiji National Library to help strengthen the cultural exchanges between China and Fiji. The China Reading Comer contains over 6,000 books, 20,000 e-books and other hardware given by China’s Zhengzhou Library. Chinese Ambassador to Fiji Qian Bo said that, with this reading comer, Fijian people know where to find the information they are interested in and the reading comer will serve as a window for Fijian people to look out to the outside world. “The Chinese and Fijian people will further deepen their friendship and have a better understanding of each other,” he said. 1．Which of the following Chinese cultures is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．wushu B．paper-cuts C．calligraphy D．folk dance 2．Where will you go to if you want to enjoy China’s National Peking Opera? A．China Reading Comer B．Confucius Institute in Cairo C．Oxford's Ashmolean Museum D．Egyptian National Museum 3．Where is the text probably from? A．A science report. B．A guidebook. C．A newspaper. D．A diary. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了在埃及举行的孔子学院中国文化日、中国京剧传奇在英国的演出以及斐济国家图书馆开设的中国阅读角的开幕。 1．细节理解题。根据Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute held in Egypt下的“The Chinese Culture Day of Confucius Institute in Cairo University was held for the first time at the Egyptian National Museum in the capital’s Tahrir Square on Monday, Oct 8, 2018. A teacher from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs wushu. Meanwhile, a woman performs Chinese calligraphy (书法) and a student from Confucius Institute in Cairo University performs Chinese folk dance.(10月8日(星期一)，开罗大学孔子学院首届中国文化日在开罗解放广场的埃及国家博物馆举行。开罗大学孔子学院的老师在表演武术。与此同时，一名女子在表演中国书法，开罗大学孔子学院的一名学生在表演中国民间舞蹈)”可知，本段提到了武术，书法和民间舞蹈，没有提到剪纸。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Chinese opera legends make UK stage return 部分中“People in UK will have an opportunity to enjoy Chinese culture when the China National Peking Opera Company returns to the country for the fourth time, for a series of workshops and performances.(随着中国国家京剧剧团第四次回国，英国人民将有机会欣赏中国文化，并举办一系列研讨会和演出)”以及“Activities will be held at the British Library, Oxford’s, Ashmolean Museum.(活动将在大英图书馆、牛津大学、阿什莫尔博物馆举行)”可知，中国国家京剧剧团将在牛津阿什莫尔博物馆演出。由此可知，如果想欣赏京剧，你应该去牛津阿什莫尔博物馆。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了埃及举办孔子学院中国文化节、中国京剧重登英国舞台以及斐济国家图书馆开设中国读书角这三个文化活动，这属于新闻范畴,因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的文化版块中。故选C项。 B My first visit to Angkor Wat (吴哥窟) was in 1980. The country had been at war for many years and the temple was deserted and falling to pieces. Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the yards. Today, the temple is the scene of a busy repair program. A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of them women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple. As I walked through the yards, I noticed the Cambodian women devote hours to cleaning carefully a tiny area of stone. Boards are laid down to protect the precious painted stones while the repair work is going on. There are very few machines and little heavy equipment. Workers carry building materials in buckets at the end of long poles. Piles of stones lie in a corner of the yard, waiting to be replaced. The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task. First they clean the stones with brushes using buckets of a weak chemical. Then gaps between the stones are filled in. Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water forever. Work starts every day at 7 am and goes on until late afternoon six days a week, with a break at midday. Evening is the best time to visit the temple, after the tour groups have left. As the sun sinks lower, shadows spread across the yard. After sunset, the sky turns pink. The grey stone towers take on a golden color before turning pink. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. 1．According to the author, which of the following plays the LEAST important role in the repair work? A．The women workers. B．The Indian workers. C．Machines. D．Skilled workers. 2．The underlined sentence “the temple was deserted” probably means that ________. A．there was no one in the temple and it was in a poor state B．the temple was built on a desert and nobody noticed it C．the temple was very old with a long history D．the temple was repaired by the Cambodians, most of whom were women 3．To clean the stone, how many steps should be followed? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．Which work needs a lot of time to do? A．To get rid of certain types of plants. B．To carry the building materials. C．To replace the stones. D．To clean the stones. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次去吴哥窟时的情景，以及如今见证对寺庙进行繁忙的修复。文章还描绘了晚上游览吴哥窟时的美丽景色，突出了这个古老寺庙的宁静和美丽。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“There are very few machines and little heavy equipment. (机器和重型设备很少)”可知，在这项修复工作中机器起不到什么用处。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线句的上文“The country had been at war for many years (这个国家多年来一直处于战争状态)”和下文“and falling to pieces (坍塌了)”、“Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the yards. (屋顶上长出了植物，院子里长出了树木)”可知，此处是介绍这座寺庙的状态，由于战争，人们应该是离开了这座寺庙，而且寺庙严重受损，荒芜且破败。由此可知，划线句表示“寺庙里一个人也没有，而且很破败”。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“First they clean the stones with brushes using buckets of a weak chemical. Then gaps between the stones are filled in. Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water forever. (首先，他们用刷子蘸取桶里的弱化学物质清洁石头。然后把石头之间的缝隙填满。最后，在石头上涂上另一种材料，使它们永远不受水的侵害)”可知，为了清理石头，需要遵循三个步骤：先用弱化学物质进行初步清洁，再填满缝隙，最后涂上另一种材料。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task.(清理石头的工作由三名印度化学家监督。这是一项非常缓慢的任务)”可知，清理石头需要耗费很多时间，进度很缓慢。故选D项。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白位置的最佳选项 The Qingming Festival is usually celebrated with a three-day national holiday, whose name originates (起源) from the saying “Plants start to revive (复活) and prosper at Qingming in a clean and bright way.” Thus, the festival is called Qingming, which means “clean and bright”. 1 Tomb sweeping is aimed at commemorating family ancestors, while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season. Traditional customs Tomb sweeping. 2 On this day, the whole family gathers in front of their ancestral tombs. They offer fruit and wine to their ancestors and clear the weeds from around the tomb. Finally, they kowtow and pray, hoping for their ancestors’ blessing for the rest of the year. Spring outings. The time around the Qingming Festival is one of the most suitable seasons for a spring outing, as plants are thriving and flowers are blooming. People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family. 3 Traditional food Qingtuan is a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand. 4 It is a mixture of sticky rice powder and green vegetable juice. Stuffed (装满) with sweetened bean paste, Qingtuan tastes sweet with the fresh fragrance of Aicao, a green spring vegetable. In celebration of Qingming, people from Shaanxi make steamed buns known as Huamo, which are made into different shapes. 5 Some are for peaceful family life, while others represent (象征) the wish for health. A．Each different look brings a good blessing. B．The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty. C．The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing. D．Family members gather together to celebrate and taste the food. E．Playing football and flying kites are popular activities. F．Many traditional customs are practiced to show respect for our ancestors. G．It is popular in Jiangnan. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统节日——清明节及其传统习俗和传统美食。 1．下文“Tomb sweeping is aimed at commemorating family ancestors, while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season.(扫墓是为了纪念家族祖先，而春游让每个人都有机会欣赏美丽的风景，享受这个季节)”解释了“Tomb sweeping”和“going on a spring outing”两项清明节习俗的意义，是对C项“The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing.(清明节的两项主要活动是扫墓和春游)”内容的阐述，上下文句意连贯。故选C。 2．根据空前小标题“Tomb sweeping.(扫墓)”可知，本段主要是介绍清明的扫墓习俗。B项“The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty.(扫墓的传统起源于秦朝)”承接上文，介绍扫墓的起源，上下文句意连贯。故选B。 3．根据空前小标题“Spring outing.(春游)”可知，本段主要介绍清明的春游习俗。上文“People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family.(人们可以和他们的朋友和家人在户外度过美好的时光)”提出“在户外度过美好的时光”，E项“Playing football and flying kites are popular activities.(踢足球和放风筝是很受欢迎的活动)”承接上文，介绍了在户外可以进行的活动，上下文句意连贯。故选E。 4．根据上文“Qingtuan is a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand.(青团是一种绿色的饭团，很小，可以放进你的手)”介绍了清明传统食物中的青团，G项“It is popular in Jiangnan.(它在江南地区很流行)”承接上文，说明食用青团的地域，句中“It”即上文中的“Qingtuan”，上下文句意连贯。故选G。 5．根据上文“In celebration of Qingming, people from Shaanxi make steamed buns known as Huamo, which are made into different shapes.(为了庆祝清明，陕西人会制作各种形状的馒头，称为“花馍”)”中提到“花馍”，A项“Each different look brings a good blessing.(每一个不同的形状都带来了美好的祝福)”承接上文，介绍“花馍”每一个独特的形状都有美好的寓意，选项中“different look”与上文“different shapes”相照应，上下文句意连贯。故选A。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Er Yue Er is the festival where the "dragon raises its head" according to Chinese people. The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival 1 (fall) on the second day of the second lunar month annually, marking the start of spring and farming. Ancient people had the belief that after this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep. The festival celebrates ancient agricultural Chinese culture, and while some traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others 2 (actual) exist. The 3 (famous) tradition is getting a haircut. Chinese people believe that going to the barber's on this day can get rid of bad luck. Meanwhile, people hold the view that 4 (get) a haircut during the first month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck. So on this day people are found 5 (line) up outside barber shops. In 6 (celebrate) of this festival, Chinese people make some kinds of foods 7 contain special meanings. For example, based 8 local customs, fried beans are the traditional festival food for people in parts of Shandong Province. In Fujian Province, tofu and vegetable balls are made 9 (pray) for family and business. Eating chengyao cakes made with sticky rice is 10 must in Suzhou during the festival. The practice seems to be consistent with the saying, “If you eat chengyao cakes on the Dragon-Head-Raising Festival, your waist won't hurt all year.” 【答案】 1．falls 2．actually 3．most famous 4．getting 5．lining 6．celebration 7．which/that 8．on/upon 9．to pray 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍二月二龙抬头的由来，传统习俗及各地区庆祝的方式。 1．考查时态及主谓一致。句意：传统的“龙抬头节日”出现在每年农历二月初二，标志着春天和农耕的开始。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语The traditional Dragon-Head-Raising Festival是单数，谓语用三单形式，故填falls。 2．考查副词。句意：这个节日庆祝中国古代农业文化，虽然一些传统的庆祝方式不再实行，但实际上其他方式仍然存在。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词actually，作状语，修饰动词exist，故填actually。 3．考查形容词最高级。句意：最著名的传统是理发。根据上下文并结合空前的The及空后的单数名词tradition可知,此处应是表示最高级意义,故填most famous。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，人们认为在农历的第一个月理发会带来厄运。分析句子结构可知，此处作主语应用动名词形式，表示习惯性的动作。故填getting。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在这一天，人们被发现正在理发店外排队，为了避免在上个月理发。根据句子结构可知，此处考查be found doing sth.，表示“被发现正在做某事”，设空处故填现在分词lining，故填lining。 6．考查名词。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，中国人制作了一些具有特殊意义的食物。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in celebration of，表示“为了庆祝……”，故填celebration。 7．考查定语从句。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，中国人制作了一些具有特殊意义的食物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为some kinds of foods，指物。故填which/that。 8．考查介词。句意：例如，根据当地的习俗，炒豆是山东省部分地区人们的传统节日食品。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be based on/ upon，表示“基于”，故填on/upon。 9．考查不定式。句意：在中国东部的福建省，豆腐和蔬菜球是为家庭和生意祈祷而制作的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be made to do sth.，表示“为了做某事而被制作”，设空处应填不定式，故填to pray。 10．考查冠词。句意：吃用糯米饭制成的撑腰糕是苏州节日期间的一件必做之事。根据句意及句子结构可知，must此处泛指“一件必做的事”，设空处应用不定冠词。must以辅音音素开头，故填a。 四、书面表达 学校网站将举办一个关于中华美食节的征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文来介绍一种你最喜欢的中国传统美食，内容包括： 1.该食物的文化或历史； 2.该食物的材料、外观、味道； 3.你喜欢该食物的原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Among all the traditional Chinese foods, my favorite is undoubtedly zongzi which people eat on the day of Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Qu Yuan, a famous poet. The main ingredient of zongzi is sticky rice, but there are a variety of fillings, such as meat and eggs. It usually appears in the shape of a triangle. The taste of zongzi varies from region to region. There are mainly two versions: sweet or salty. But nowadays, young people are open to a mixture of different tastes. Zongzi is a perfect marriage of Chinese culture and food. It will always hold a special place in my heart. 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文来介绍一种自己最喜欢的中国传统美食。 【详解】1.词汇积累 为了纪念：in memory of → in honor of 毫无疑问地：undoubtedly→ unbelievably 有名的：famous → well-known. 极好的；完美的：perfect→wonderful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The main ingredient of zongzi is sticky rice, but there are a variety of fillings, such as meat and eggs. 拓展句：Although there are a variety of fillings, such as meat and eggs, the main ingredient of zong zi is sticky rice. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the traditional Chinese foods, my favorite is undoubtedly zongzi which people eat on the day of Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Qu Yuan, a famous poet.(使用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】The main ingredient of zongzi is sticky rice, but there are a variety of fillings, such as meat and eggs.(使用了there be句型) ( 16 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$