2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019）选择性必修二 Unit6

2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019） 选择性必修二 Unit 6 基础练 一、根据语境写出句子中黑体单词的汉语意思 1. If you live in the suburbs, you live in an area of houses outside the center of a city or large town. 2. A predator is an animal that kills and eats other animals. 3. Garlic has a very strong smell and taste and is used in cooking. 4. Please put the garbage in the dustbin. 5. Thieves got away with computer equipment worth $ 30,000. 6. There is no doubt that parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school. 7. It is well-known that the Earth takes a year to orbit the Sun. 8. The college students are active to crusade against the nuclear weapons. 9. A Russian space capsule is currently orbiting the Earth. 10. This pine tree looks tall and strong but actually its truck is hollow. 二、词形转换 1． n．罪，罪行→ n．罪犯adj.犯罪的 2． n．郊区，城郊→ adj.郊区的，市郊的 3． adj.贪婪的，贪心的→ n．贪婪；渴望 4． v．犯(错误或罪行)→ n．承诺；保证；献身；投入 5． n．容器→ v．包含；控制 6． v．估计，估算→ n．判断；评价；看法 7． v．欣赏；赏识→ n．欣赏；感激→ adj.赞赏的；感激的 8． v．限制，控制→ n．限制；限定→ adj.限制性的 9． adj.高级的；先进的→ v．促进 n．提前→ n．进步；进展 10． adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→ adj.害怕的→ v．使害怕 11． v．由……组成→ adj.一致的 12． v．推断，推定→ n．结论；推理 13． v．使暴露(于险境)→ n．暴露，显露→ adj.暴露的 14． n．沙土，尘土→ adj.布满灰尘的 三、重点短语 1. 挡路；妨碍 2. 够不着；达不到 3. 在建造中 4. 适应 5. 开始喜欢上 6. 撞到……上 7. 总计为 8. 彻底摧毁，消灭 9. take over 10. make efforts to do 11. consist of 12. a variety of 13. in the meantime 14. have an effect on 15. take care of 四、重点句式 1．“have no choice but to do...”意为“除了做……别无选择” With nowhere else to make their homes, they (别无选择只能搬进来) in with us. 2．as引导时间状语从句 ______________________________(随着我们的城市绿化率不断提高), they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. 3．“only＋副词”置于句首的倒装句 ________________________________(只有到那时，我们才能期许) harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 4．现在分词短语作伴随状语 Our probes have orbited the planet, ______________________________________(传回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像). 5．“There is no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……” ____________________________(毫无疑问) humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. 6．while引导让步状语从句 ________________________________(虽然月球几天之内就可到达), it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. 提高练 一、阅读理解 A （24-25高二山东青岛期中考试） Sixty-six years ago, there was only one human-built object in Earth’s orbit (天体轨道). It was the world’s first satellite. Try to guess how many human-made objects are circling the planet now. Ready? Your answer is wrong, unless you guessed 100 trillion (万亿). That’s a jaw-dropping number. For years, the junk has formed an ever-growing mass near the Earth. The researchers are calling for a global agreement to limit the number of satellites and the amount of rubbish in space. There are 9,000 active satellites in orbit. That could grow to more than 60,000 by 2030. The rest of that 100 trillion figure includes debris—everything from old rockets to accidentally dropped tools, and even paint chips (碎片). Don’t think a paint chip is harmless. Traveling at 17,500 miles per hour, it can strike a spacecraft hard; causing dents (凹痕) and holes. All of the debris will eventually fall to the Earth and burn up in the atmosphere. But we’re replacing the junk more quickly than its falling. Heather Koldewey, an ocean biologist, says, “Cleaning up space has a lot in common with the challenges of addressing environmental issues in the ocean.” Heather and her coauthors see hope for space. They look to the effort to clean up the oceans. In March 2022, nearly 200 countries signed a global plastics treaty at the United Nations. This is an agreement to throw less plastic in the ocean and deal with what’s already there. There could be similar rules for how much debris a launch (发射) can create. And technologies could be developed for cleaning up the rubbish. Years ago, scientists on the International Space Station tested the Remove Debris satellite. Tracking the location and speed of floating debris, it used a net to catch the junk, which fell and burned up in the Earth’s atmosphere. The test was a success. It may have brought the world a step closer to a safer orbit. 1．What does the underlined word “jaw-dropping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Correct. B．Specific. C．Shocking. D．Declining. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The makeup of space debris. B．The whole description of space scenery. C．The reasons for dealing with space junk. D．The number of satellites circling the Earth. 3．Why does the author mention plastic pollution in the ocean? A．To compare the junk in space with that in the ocean. B．To prove space debris could eventually reach Earth’s oceans. C．To show the space cleanup can be inspired by the ocean cleanup. D．To argue that the ocean cleanup is harder than the space cleanup. 4．What do we know about the Remove Debris satellite? A．It indicated the possibility of reducing space debris. B．It provided data on the size and speed of space debris. C．It effectively removed a good deal of space debris from orbit. D．It encouraged international cooperation on launching satellites. B（24-25高二山东潍坊期中考试） Common house cats possess the ability to associate human words with images without instructions, a new research conducted by animal scientists at Azabu University in Japan has revealed. This discovery, published in the journal Scientific Reports, throws new light on cats’ cognitive abilities and their potential for understanding human language. The team designed an experiment to test cats’ ability to form picture-word associations. The study involved 31 adult house cats and applied a methodology similar to those used in baby language development research. In the experiment, cats were shown short videos paired with nonsensical words (“keraru” and “parumo”).These videos were played repeatedly until the cats looked away. After a break, the same videos were shown, but with the spoken words disordered. The results were striking: cats demonstrated longer viewing duration and pupil (瞳孔) expansion when the word-image pairings were switched, indicating puzzlement and a search for explanation. This behavior suggests that the cats had formed associations between the spoken words and the images they saw, even without any training. “It is noteworthy that cats made the picture-word relation after only brief exposure,” the researchers said. “Most cats habituated to the stimulus (刺激物) pairing after four trials, which means they received only nine-second exposures in two trials for each picture-word pair.” By comparison, trials involving human babies used at least four 20-second trials for a picture-word pair. It’s not clear why cats are able to form these associations so quickly and more work is needed to examine the question from both biological and developmental perspectives. The impacts of domestication on cats need to be investigated too, the researchers said. This is particularly crucial, as the research also indicated that cats might find it easier to form associations between objects and human speech rather than electronic sounds. 5．What is the new discovery about house cats? A．They can be trained to please human. B．They can read human’s facial expressions. C．They can link words to images without tips. D．They can understand complex human language. 6．What was cats’ reaction to the disordered words? A．Confused. B．Fascinated. C．Calm. D．Indifferent. 7．How does the cats’ learning process compare to that of human babies? A．The processes are similar in speed. B．Cats learn faster than human babies. C．Cats take longer to form associations. D．Human babies learn with shorter exposure. 8．What could be the key focus for future study? A．The biological development of cats. B．The effects of domestication on cats. C．The cat’s talent for identifying objects. D．The cats’ preference for electronic sounds. 二、七选五（24-25高二河北衡水期中考试） Everyone needs friendship to survive. How do we strengthen the existing friendships in our lives? Here some experts offer the following tips. Show your affection to your friends. We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships. 1 . It’s about communicating love and appreciation. There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. 2 . These simple acts show you genuinely care for them and let them know it’s safe to invest in your friendship. Be generous to your friends. Think about what your skills and talents are and find a way to turn them into a generous act. Sharing your time, attention or resources with them is an easy way to develop your friendships. People want to stay with friends who value them, and generosity is a way to express that. You can share acts of generosity with your friends. If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents. 3 4 Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a trashy (无聊的) TV show and hear them respond“Me too!”We feel a deeper connection to our friends when our vulnerability (脆弱) is met with support. It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends. It may bring you closer. Face conflict bravely. 5 .But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships. It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to make your relationship better. A．Share your struggles and joys. B．It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. C．And remind them you are grateful to know them. D．But it’s more than holding hands and kissing. E．It is more likely to build deep, long-lasting friendships. F．Start by telling your friends how much you value them. G．If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner. 三、完形填空（24-25高二江苏南通期中考试） Once upon a time in a small, quiet town, there was a high school known for its annual talent show. Students from all grades eagerly 1 this event, as it was a chance for them to uncover their 2 talents. Among them was a shy girl named Emily, who had always loved playing the piano. But she never had the 3 to perform in front of others. Her best friend, Sarah, encouraged her to 4 the talent show. “You have a gift, Emily. Don’t let it go to waste”. With Sarah’s encouragement, Emily finally decided to take the 5 . She spent weeks preparing her performance, choosing the perfect piece and practicing 6 . As the day of the talent show approached, Emily felt a 7 of excitement and nervousness. She wasn’t 8 if she was ready, but she knew she had to give it her best shot. When Emily’s name was called, she walked onto the stage, her 9 beating wildly. She sat down at the piano and began to play. The music flowed from her fingers like a gentle stream, 10 everyone in the audience. As she played, she 11 about her shyness and immersed (沉浸) in the beauty of the music. The moment she finished, the audience erupted in 12 . Emily smiled, feeling a sense of 13 and pride. She realized that taking risks and stepping out of her comfort zone had 14 . The talent show was a turning point for Emily. It taught her that everyone has hidden talents waiting to be 15 . Sometimes, it just takes a little push and encouragement to bring them out. 1．A．expected B．boosted C．handled D．resisted 2．A．restricted B．forbidden C．hidden D．identified 3．A．courage B．determination C．ambition D．ability 4．A．make allowance for B．boil down to C．live up to D．sign up for 5．A．test B．chance C．step D．effect 6．A．apparently B．tirelessly C．gradually D．automatically 7．A．minimum B．mount C．piece D．mix 8．A．ashamed B．sure C．keen D．greedy 9．A．heart B．fingers C．ankles D．waist 10．A．withdrawing B．motivating C．attracting D．urging 11．A．thought B．cared C．worried D．forgot 12．A．laughter B．argument C．applause D．shouting 13．A．accomplishment B．punishment C．commitment D．puzzlement 14．A．paid up B．paid for C．pay out D．paid off 15．A．restored B．discovered C．demanded D．adjusted 四、语法填空（24-25高二山东潍坊期中考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a small studio in Kazan, Russia, the air was filled with the beautiful melody (旋律) of the famous Chinese folk song Jasmine Flower. It came from an unexpected source: Saida, a 23-year-old Tatar singer who 1 (attract) by its beauty of Chinese music. On hearing Jasmine Flower for the first time, she noticed its striking similarities 2 the Tatar folk song, Galiyabanu. Both songs share flowing melodies and themes about the pursuit of love. “That’s 3 I had the idea of combining these two beautiful folk songs,” she says. 4 (perfect) her performance of the Chinese portion (部分), she devoted 5 (she) to learning the language, focusing on every detail of the tone and pronunciation. Later, she discovered a natural way to switch between Chinese and Tatar songs. When she posted this cultural outcome online, it gained 6 (significance) attention, with listeners praising the fresh take on both traditions. This experience with Chinese folk songs has opened up more 7 (opportunity) for her to perform at various China-Russia cultural exchange events, including one 8 (hold) in Kazan this year. She has taken up a project to create an album 9 (feature) both Chinese and Tatar folk songs, 10 she hopes will serve as a musical bridge between the two cultures. 五、读后续写（24-25高二湖北期中考试） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two tickets. Only two tickets to the big basketball game. Three pairs of eyes all focused on the tickets in Dad’s outstretched hand. Marcus, the oldest, spoke the question running through everyone’s mind, “Only two tickets? But, Dad, which of us gets to go with you?” “Yeah, Daddy, who gets to go?” repeated Caleb, the youngest. “Dad, can’t you get any more tickets?” I asked. I might be the in-between sister, but I was just as eager as my basketball-crazy brothers were for a night out with Dad. “I’m afraid not,” Dad answered. “Mr. Williams only has two tickets. He was thoughtful enough to offer the tickets to me when he found out he’d be out of town this weekend.” Dad scratched his head, “Caleb, don’t you think you’re a little young to enjoy a professional basketball game…?”“Am not! Am not!” Caleb insisted. Dad shifted his focus and tried again. “Jill, since you’re a girl…” Before I could respond, Mom came to my defense and said, “Jill’s out there practicing with Marcus and all of his friends, and she’s better than quite a few of them, too!” “Okay, okay,” Dad smiled. “I guess I’ll have to figure out a fair way of choosing between the three of you by tomorrow morning. I’ll have to decide who deserves it most.” The next morning, Marcus hurried into the kitchen. “Where’s Dad?” he asked. “He and Mom went to pick up some books from the library,” Caleb answered, digging his spoon into a bowl of cereal (麦片). “And he said we should all get started on our Saturday household chores as soon as we finish breakfast,” I added. “Chores! He’s got to be kidding. ” Marcus said. “How can we concentrate on chores when the big game is a mere eleven hours away?” “I’m going to play basketball for a while,” Marcus announced. “Wait for me!” Caleb added and dashed after his brother. The back door slammed shut as the two boys ran down the driveway. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked at the breakfast table in front of me: bits of cereal here and there. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A white envelope was taped to the inside of the rubbish bin lid(盖子). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019） 选择性必修二 Unit 6 基础练 一、根据语境写出句子中黑体单词的汉语意思 1. If you live in the suburbs, you live in an area of houses outside the center of a city or large town. 城区，城郊 2. A predator is an animal that kills and eats other animals. 掠食动物，捕食性动物 3. Garlic has a very strong smell and taste and is used in cooking.大蒜 4. Please put the garbage in the dustbin.垃圾 5. Thieves got away with computer equipment worth $ 30,000.小偷，贼 6. There is no doubt that parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school.至关重要的 7. It is well-known that the Earth takes a year to orbit the Sun.环绕……运行 8. The college students are active to crusade against the nuclear weapons.核武器的 9. A Russian space capsule is currently orbiting the Earth.密封舱，太空舱 10. This pine tree looks tall and strong but actually its truck is hollow.树干 二、词形转换 1．crime n．罪，罪行→criminal n．罪犯adj.犯罪的 2．suburb n．郊区，城郊→suburban adj.郊区的，市郊的 3．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的→greed n．贪婪；渴望 4．commit v．犯(错误或罪行)→commitment n．承诺；保证；献身；投入 5．container n．容器→contain v．包含；控制 6．estimate v．估计，估算→estimation n．判断；评价；看法 7．appreciate v．欣赏；赏识→appreciation n．欣赏；感激→appreciative adj.赞赏的；感激的 8．restrict v．限制，控制→restriction n．限制；限定→restrictive adj.限制性的 9．advanced adj.高级的；先进的→advance v．促进 n．提前→advancement n．进步；进展 10．terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terrified adj.害怕的→terrify v．使害怕 11．consist v．由……组成→consistent adj.一致的 12．infer v．推断，推定→inference n．结论；推理 13．expose v．使暴露(于险境)→exposure n．暴露，显露→exposed adj.暴露的 14．dust n．沙土，尘土→dusty adj.布满灰尘的 三、重点短语 1. in the way 挡路；妨碍 2. out of reach 够不着；达不到 3. under construction 在建造中 4. fit in with 适应 5. get a taste for 开始喜欢上 6. crash into 撞到……上 7. amount to 总计为 8. wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 9. take over 接管；接替 10. make efforts to do 努力做某事 11. consist of 由……组成 12. a variety of 各种各样的 13. in the meantime 在此期间 14. have an effect on 对……有影响 15. take care of 照顾；负责 四、重点句式 1．“have no choice but to do...”意为“除了做……别无选择” With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to move(别无选择只能搬进来) in with us. 2．as引导时间状语从句 As our cities become greener(随着我们的城市绿化率不断提高), they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. 3．“only＋副词”置于句首的倒装句 Only then can we look towards(只有到那时，我们才能期许) harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 4．现在分词短语作伴随状语 Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images(传回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像). 5．“There is no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……” There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. 6．while引导让步状语从句 While the Moon can be reached within days(虽然月球几天之内就可到达), it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. 提高练 一、阅读理解 A （24-25高二山东青岛期中考试） Sixty-six years ago, there was only one human-built object in Earth’s orbit (天体轨道). It was the world’s first satellite. Try to guess how many human-made objects are circling the planet now. Ready? Your answer is wrong, unless you guessed 100 trillion (万亿). That’s a jaw-dropping number. For years, the junk has formed an ever-growing mass near the Earth. The researchers are calling for a global agreement to limit the number of satellites and the amount of rubbish in space. There are 9,000 active satellites in orbit. That could grow to more than 60,000 by 2030. The rest of that 100 trillion figure includes debris—everything from old rockets to accidentally dropped tools, and even paint chips (碎片). Don’t think a paint chip is harmless. Traveling at 17,500 miles per hour, it can strike a spacecraft hard; causing dents (凹痕) and holes. All of the debris will eventually fall to the Earth and burn up in the atmosphere. But we’re replacing the junk more quickly than its falling. Heather Koldewey, an ocean biologist, says, “Cleaning up space has a lot in common with the challenges of addressing environmental issues in the ocean.” Heather and her coauthors see hope for space. They look to the effort to clean up the oceans. In March 2022, nearly 200 countries signed a global plastics treaty at the United Nations. This is an agreement to throw less plastic in the ocean and deal with what’s already there. There could be similar rules for how much debris a launch (发射) can create. And technologies could be developed for cleaning up the rubbish. Years ago, scientists on the International Space Station tested the Remove Debris satellite. Tracking the location and speed of floating debris, it used a net to catch the junk, which fell and burned up in the Earth’s atmosphere. The test was a success. It may have brought the world a step closer to a safer orbit. 1．What does the underlined word “jaw-dropping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Correct. B．Specific. C．Shocking. D．Declining. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The makeup of space debris. B．The whole description of space scenery. C．The reasons for dealing with space junk. D．The number of satellites circling the Earth. 3．Why does the author mention plastic pollution in the ocean? A．To compare the junk in space with that in the ocean. B．To prove space debris could eventually reach Earth’s oceans. C．To show the space cleanup can be inspired by the ocean cleanup. D．To argue that the ocean cleanup is harder than the space cleanup. 4．What do we know about the Remove Debris satellite? A．It indicated the possibility of reducing space debris. B．It provided data on the size and speed of space debris. C．It effectively removed a good deal of space debris from orbit. D．It encouraged international cooperation on launching satellites. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了随着绕地球运行物体的增加，太空垃圾越来越多，我们应该重视这个问题并采取办法解决。 1．词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Your answer is wrong, unless you guessed 100 trillion (万亿). (除非你猜对了100万亿，否则你的答案是错误的。)”可知，现在有约100万亿人造物体在绕地球运行，这是一个令人震惊的数字，由此可知，画线单词所在句指这是一个令人震惊的数字，“Shocking”意为“令人震惊的”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段关键句“The rest of that 100 trillion figure includes debris—everything from old rockets to accidentally dropped tools, and even paint chips (碎片). Don’t think a paint chip is harmless. Traveling at 17,500 miles per hour, it can strike a spacecraft hard; causing dents (凹痕) and holes. All of the debris will eventually fall to the Earth and burn up in the atmosphere. (这100万亿中的其余部分包括碎片——从旧火箭到意外掉落的工具，甚至是油漆碎片。不要以为油漆碎片是无害的。它以每小时17500英里的速度飞行，可以猛烈撞击航天器；导致凹痕和孔洞。所有的碎片最终都会落到地球上，并在大气层中燃烧。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们油漆碎片等太空垃圾是有害的，例如它们可以猛烈撞击航天器；导致凹痕和孔洞，我们需要合理地处理它们，由此可知，第3段的主要内容是告诉我们处理太空垃圾的原因。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Heather Koldewey, an ocean biologist, says, “Cleaning up space has a lot in common with the challenges of addressing environmental issues in the ocean.”(海洋生物学家Heather Koldewey说：“清理太空与解决海洋环境问题的挑战有很多共同之处。”)”和“This is an agreement to throw less plastic in the ocean and deal with what’s already there. There could be similar rules for how much debris a launch (发射) can create. (这是一项减少向海洋中丢弃塑料并处理现有塑料的协议。对于一次发射会产生多少碎片，可能也有类似的规则。)”可知，清理太空与解决海洋环境问题的挑战有很多共同之处，太空清理可以从海洋清理中获得灵感，由此可知，作者提到海洋中的塑料污染是为了展示太空清理可以从海洋清理中获得灵感。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Tracking the location and speed of floating debris, it used a net to catch the junk, which fell and burned up in the Earth’s atmosphere. The test was a success. It may have brought the world a step closer to a safer orbit. (通过追踪漂浮碎片的位置和速度，它使用了一张网来捕捉落下并在地球大气层中燃烧的垃圾。测试成功了。它可能使世界更接近一个更安全的轨道。)”可知，“清除碎片”卫星试成功捕捉落下并在地球大气层中燃烧的垃圾，这项成功说明我们可以减少太空碎片，由此可知，“清除碎片”卫星表明了减少太空碎片的可能性。故选A项。 B（24-25高二山东潍坊期中考试） Common house cats possess the ability to associate human words with images without instructions, a new research conducted by animal scientists at Azabu University in Japan has revealed. This discovery, published in the journal Scientific Reports, throws new light on cats’ cognitive abilities and their potential for understanding human language. The team designed an experiment to test cats’ ability to form picture-word associations. The study involved 31 adult house cats and applied a methodology similar to those used in baby language development research. In the experiment, cats were shown short videos paired with nonsensical words (“keraru” and “parumo”).These videos were played repeatedly until the cats looked away. After a break, the same videos were shown, but with the spoken words disordered. The results were striking: cats demonstrated longer viewing duration and pupil (瞳孔) expansion when the word-image pairings were switched, indicating puzzlement and a search for explanation. This behavior suggests that the cats had formed associations between the spoken words and the images they saw, even without any training. “It is noteworthy that cats made the picture-word relation after only brief exposure,” the researchers said. “Most cats habituated to the stimulus (刺激物) pairing after four trials, which means they received only nine-second exposures in two trials for each picture-word pair.” By comparison, trials involving human babies used at least four 20-second trials for a picture-word pair. It’s not clear why cats are able to form these associations so quickly and more work is needed to examine the question from both biological and developmental perspectives. The impacts of domestication on cats need to be investigated too, the researchers said. This is particularly crucial, as the research also indicated that cats might find it easier to form associations between objects and human speech rather than electronic sounds. 5．What is the new discovery about house cats? A．They can be trained to please human. B．They can read human’s facial expressions. C．They can link words to images without tips. D．They can understand complex human language. 6．What was cats’ reaction to the disordered words? A．Confused. B．Fascinated. C．Calm. D．Indifferent. 7．How does the cats’ learning process compare to that of human babies? A．The processes are similar in speed. B．Cats learn faster than human babies. C．Cats take longer to form associations. D．Human babies learn with shorter exposure. 8．What could be the key focus for future study? A．The biological development of cats. B．The effects of domestication on cats. C．The cat’s talent for identifying objects. D．The cats’ preference for electronic sounds. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本Azabu大学动物科学家的一项新研究，揭示了家猫无需指导就能将人类的语言与图像联系起来的能力，并对此进行了实验验证和结果分析。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Common house cats possess the ability to associate human words with images without instructions, a new research conducted by animal scientists at Azabu University in Japan has revealed.(日本麻布大学的动物科学家进行的一项新研究显示，普通的家猫能够在没有指示的情况下将人类的文字与图像联系起来)”可知，关于家猫的新发现是它们可以在没有提示的情况下连接文字和图片。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The results were striking: cats demonstrated longer viewing duration and pupil (瞳孔) expansion when the word-image pairings were switched, indicating puzzlement and a search for explanation.(结果令人震惊：当单词-图像配对互换时，猫表现出更长的观看时间和瞳孔扩张，表明它们感到困惑，并在寻找解释)”可知，猫对无序词语的反应是困惑。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Most cats habituated to the stimulus (刺激物) pairing after four trials, which means they received only nine-second exposures in two trials for each picture-word pair.” By comparison, trials involving human babies used at least four 20-second trials for a picture-word pair.(“经过四次试验后，大多数猫都习惯了刺激配对，这意味着它们在两次试验中只接受了9秒的图片-文字配对。”相比之下，涉及人类婴儿的试验至少使用了4次20秒的图片-单词对试验)”可知，猫的学习过程与人类婴儿的学习过程相比，猫比人类婴儿学得快。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s not clear why cats are able to form these associations so quickly and more work is needed to examine the question from both biological and developmental perspectives. The impacts of domestication on cats need to be investigated too, the researchers said.(目前尚不清楚为什么猫能够如此迅速地形成这些联系，需要从生物学和发育的角度来研究这个问题。研究人员说，驯化对猫的影响也需要调查)”可知，未来研究的重点是驯化对猫的影响。故选B。 二、七选五（24-25高二河北衡水期中考试） Everyone needs friendship to survive. How do we strengthen the existing friendships in our lives? Here some experts offer the following tips. Show your affection to your friends. We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships. 1 . It’s about communicating love and appreciation. There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. 2 . These simple acts show you genuinely care for them and let them know it’s safe to invest in your friendship. Be generous to your friends. Think about what your skills and talents are and find a way to turn them into a generous act. Sharing your time, attention or resources with them is an easy way to develop your friendships. People want to stay with friends who value them, and generosity is a way to express that. You can share acts of generosity with your friends. If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents. 3 4 Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a trashy (无聊的) TV show and hear them respond“Me too!”We feel a deeper connection to our friends when our vulnerability (脆弱) is met with support. It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends. It may bring you closer. Face conflict bravely. 5 .But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships. It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to make your relationship better. A．Share your struggles and joys. B．It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. C．And remind them you are grateful to know them. D．But it’s more than holding hands and kissing. E．It is more likely to build deep, long-lasting friendships. F．Start by telling your friends how much you value them. G．If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些专家关于加强现有友谊的建议。 1．上文“We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships.(我们常常把感情想成是浪漫关系中的一种爱)”提出我们通常认为感情是浪漫关系中的爱，D选项“But it’s more than holding hands and kissing.(但它不仅仅是牵手和接吻)”与上文构成转折关系，指出感情远不止牵手和接吻那么简单，下文“It’s about communicating love and appreciation.(它是关于表达爱和欣赏)”进一步解释了感情的真正含义，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 2．上文“Tell them how much they mean to you.(告诉他们他们对你有多重要)”建议要向朋友表达他们对自己的重要性，C选项“And remind them you are grateful to know them.(并提醒他们你很感激认识他们)”承接上文，进一步建议要提醒朋友自己很感激认识他们，这也是表达感情的一种方式，且“And”表明与上文为并列关系。故选C项。 3．上文“If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents.(如果你很擅长和孩子打交道，你可以主动提出为你的那些身为父母的朋友照看孩子)”举例说明了如何通过自己的技能为朋友提供帮助，G选项“If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner.(如果你在工作中加薪了，请你的朋友吃一顿丰盛的晚餐)”与上文结构相似，也是通过举例说明了如何通过分享自己的资源(如金钱)来加深友谊，且“If”条件状语从句结构与上文为并列关系。故选G项。 4．下文“It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends.(这意味着他们接受真正的我们，无论是好的还是坏的。所以不要害怕和你的朋友分享你的困难)”建议我们不要害怕与朋友分享自己的挣扎，A选项“Share your struggles and joys.(分享你的困难和快乐)”概括了下文内容，作为段首句，引出下文关于分享的话题。故选A项。 5．下文“But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships.(但是，能够以健康、有建设性的方式处理与朋友之间的冲突可以加强你们的友谊)”指出能够以健康的方式处理与朋友之间的冲突可以加强友谊，B选项“It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships.(在友谊中处理冲突是很难的)”与下文构成转折关系，先指出处理友谊中的冲突很难，再提出解决办法，即下文所说的以健康的方式处理冲突。故选B项。 三、完形填空（24-25高二江苏南通期中考试） Once upon a time in a small, quiet town, there was a high school known for its annual talent show. Students from all grades eagerly 1 this event, as it was a chance for them to uncover their 2 talents. Among them was a shy girl named Emily, who had always loved playing the piano. But she never had the 3 to perform in front of others. Her best friend, Sarah, encouraged her to 4 the talent show. “You have a gift, Emily. Don’t let it go to waste”. With Sarah’s encouragement, Emily finally decided to take the 5 . She spent weeks preparing her performance, choosing the perfect piece and practicing 6 . As the day of the talent show approached, Emily felt a 7 of excitement and nervousness. She wasn’t 8 if she was ready, but she knew she had to give it her best shot. When Emily’s name was called, she walked onto the stage, her 9 beating wildly. She sat down at the piano and began to play. The music flowed from her fingers like a gentle stream, 10 everyone in the audience. As she played, she 11 about her shyness and immersed (沉浸) in the beauty of the music. The moment she finished, the audience erupted in 12 . Emily smiled, feeling a sense of 13 and pride. She realized that taking risks and stepping out of her comfort zone had 14 . The talent show was a turning point for Emily. It taught her that everyone has hidden talents waiting to be 15 . Sometimes, it just takes a little push and encouragement to bring them out. 1．A．expected B．boosted C．handled D．resisted 2．A．restricted B．forbidden C．hidden D．identified 3．A．courage B．determination C．ambition D．ability 4．A．make allowance for B．boil down to C．live up to D．sign up for 5．A．test B．chance C．step D．effect 6．A．apparently B．tirelessly C．gradually D．automatically 7．A．minimum B．mount C．piece D．mix 8．A．ashamed B．sure C．keen D．greedy 9．A．heart B．fingers C．ankles D．waist 10．A．withdrawing B．motivating C．attracting D．urging 11．A．thought B．cared C．worried D．forgot 12．A．laughter B．argument C．applause D．shouting 13．A．accomplishment B．punishment C．commitment D．puzzlement 14．A．paid up B．paid for C．pay out D．paid off 15．A．restored B．discovered C．demanded D．adjusted 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了害羞的艾米丽在好友莎拉的鼓励下接受挑战走出舒适区参加才艺展并得到认可的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：各个年级的同学都非常期待这次活动，因为这是一个展示他们隐藏的才华的机会。A. expected期待，预期；B. boosted促进；C. handled处理；D. resisted抵抗。根据后文“as it was a chance for them to uncover their ___2___ talents.”可知，同学们都十分期待这次展示自己才能的活动。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：各个年级的同学都非常期待这次活动，因为这是一个展示他们隐藏的才华的机会。A. restricted被限制的；B. forbidden被禁止的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. identified被识别的。根据下文“It taught her that everyone has hidden talents waiting to be ___15___.”及空前“uncover their”可知，参加这次活动是为了展示隐藏的才能。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她从来没有勇气在别人面前表演。A. courage勇气；B. determination决心；C. ambition野心，抱负；D. ability能力。根据前文“Among them was a shy girl named Emily, who had always loved playing the piano. But she never had the”及后文“to perform in front of others”可知，艾米丽喜欢弹钢琴，但是因为害羞，所以从来没有勇气在别人面前表演。故选A项。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她最好的朋友莎拉鼓励她报名参加才艺表演。A. make allowance for考虑到；B. boil down to归因于；C. live up to不辜负；D. sign up for报名参加。根据空前“Sarah, encouraged her to”及空后“the talent show”并结合下文“With Sarah’s encouragement, Emily finally decided”可知，莎拉鼓励艾米丽报名参加表演。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在莎拉的鼓励下，艾米丽终于决定抓住这个机会。A. test测试；B. chance机会；C. step步骤；D. effect效果。根据文章开头“there was a high school known for its annual talent show”可知，才艺展对于艾米丽来说是一个机会，在莎拉的鼓励下，她抓住了这个机会。故选B项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她花了数周时间准备演出，选择完美的曲目，不知疲倦地练习。A. apparently明显地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. automatically自动化地。根据前文“She spent weeks preparing her performance, choosing the perfect piece and practicing”可知，参加才艺展之前要拼命地练习，此处tirelessly符合此处情景。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着才艺表演那天的临近，艾米丽感到既兴奋又紧张。A. minimum最小值；B. mount山峰；C. piece一片，一块；D. mix混合。根据后文“of excitement and nervousness”可知，随着比赛临近，艾米丽感到一种混合的情感，既兴奋又紧张。故选D项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不确定自己是否准备好了，但她知道她必须全力以赴。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. sure确定的；C. keen热情的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据上文“nervousness”和空后“if she was ready”可知，紧张的艾米丽不确定自己是否已经准备好。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当艾米丽的名字被叫到的时候，她走上舞台，她的心疯狂地跳动着。A. heart心；B. fingers手指；C. ankles脚踝；D. waist腰。根据后文“beating wildly”可知，走上舞台时，心跳得很快。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：音乐从她的手指上像涓涓细流般流淌，吸引了所有的听众。A. withdrawing撤回；B. motivating激励；C. attracting吸引；D. urging催促。根据前文“The music flowed from her fingers like a gentle stream”可知，音乐缓缓流淌，吸引了听众。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她演奏时，她忘记了她的羞怯，沉浸在音乐的美丽中。A. thought认为；B. cared关心；C. worried担心；D. forgot忘记。根据后文“immersed (沉浸) in the beauty of the music”可知，她忘记了羞怯，完全沉浸在音乐中。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一演奏完，观众就爆发出热烈的掌声。A. laughter笑声；B. argument争论；C. applause鼓掌；D. shouting喊叫。根据上文“The music flowed from her fingers like a gentle stream, ___10___ everyone in the audience.”可知，艾米丽的演出很成功，结合空前“erupted”可知，观众爆发出掌声。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽笑了，感到一种成就感和骄傲。A. accomplishment成就感；B. punishment惩罚；C. commitment投入；D. puzzlement困惑。根据上文“The moment she finished, the audience erupted in ___12___.”及空后“and pride”，表演得到了认可，她感到一种成就感。故选A项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她意识到，冒险和走出舒适区是有回报的。A. paid up付清；B. paid for为……支付；C. pay out花费（巨款）；D. paid off得到回报。根据上文“Emily smiled, feeling a sense of ___13___ and pride.”可知，艾米丽成功地演奏让她意识到自己的冒险有了回报。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让她明白，每个人都有隐藏的才能等待着被发现。A. restored恢复；B. discovered发现；C. demanded要求；D. adjusted调整。根据前文“hidden talents waiting to be”和后文“Sometimes, it just takes a little push and encouragement to bring them out.”可知，每个人都有隐藏的才能等待被发现。故选B项。 四、语法填空（24-25高二山东潍坊期中考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a small studio in Kazan, Russia, the air was filled with the beautiful melody (旋律) of the famous Chinese folk song Jasmine Flower. It came from an unexpected source: Saida, a 23-year-old Tatar singer who 1 (attract) by its beauty of Chinese music. On hearing Jasmine Flower for the first time, she noticed its striking similarities 2 the Tatar folk song, Galiyabanu. Both songs share flowing melodies and themes about the pursuit of love. “That’s 3 I had the idea of combining these two beautiful folk songs,” she says. 4 (perfect) her performance of the Chinese portion (部分), she devoted 5 (she) to learning the language, focusing on every detail of the tone and pronunciation. Later, she discovered a natural way to switch between Chinese and Tatar songs. When she posted this cultural outcome online, it gained 6 (significance) attention, with listeners praising the fresh take on both traditions. This experience with Chinese folk songs has opened up more 7 (opportunity) for her to perform at various China-Russia cultural exchange events, including one 8 (hold) in Kazan this year. She has taken up a project to create an album 9 (feature) both Chinese and Tatar folk songs, 10 she hopes will serve as a musical bridge between the two cultures. 【答案】 1．was attracted 2．to 3．why 4．To perfect 5．herself 6．significant 7．opportunities 8．held 9．featuring 10．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了23岁的鞑靼歌手Saida将中国的《茉莉花》和鞑靼民歌《加利亚巴努》结合起来，并把这一文化成果发布到网上时，引起了极大的关注，听众们称赞她对两种传统的新看法。 1．考查时态语态。句意：它来自一个意想不到的来源：23岁的鞑靼歌手Saida，她被中国音乐的美丽所吸引。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语who指代先行词singer，与谓语attract构成被动关系，且发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was attracted。 2．考查介词。句意：第一次听到《茉莉花》时，她注意到它与鞑靼民歌 Galiyabanu惊人的相似。短语similarity to表示“与……的相似性”。故填to。 3．考查固定句型。句意：“这就是为什么我有了把这两首美丽的民歌结合起来的想法，”她说。句型that’s why…表示“这就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句。故填why。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完美地表演中文部分，她全身心地投入到语言学习中，关注音调和发音的每一个细节。此处perfect在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To perfect。 5．考查代词。句意：为了完美地表演中文部分，她全身心地投入到语言学习中，关注音调和发音的每一个细节。短语devote oneself to表示“全身心地投入……”。故填herself。 6．考查形容词。句意：当她把这一文化成果发布到网上时，引起了极大的关注，听众们称赞她对两种传统的新看法。修饰名词attention应用形容词significant。故填significant。 7．考查名词的数。句意：这段中国民歌的经历为她在各种中俄文化交流活动中表演创造了更多机会，包括今年在喀山举行的一次活动。opportunity“机会”为可数名词，根据上文more可知应用复数。故填opportunities。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这段中国民歌的经历为她在各种中俄文化交流活动中表演创造了更多机会，包括今年在喀山举行的一次活动。此处hold与one构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：她已经开始着手制作一张包含中国和鞑靼民歌的专辑，她希望这将成为两种文化之间的音乐桥梁。此处album与feature为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。 10．考查定语从句。句意：她已经开始着手制作一张包含中国和鞑靼民歌的专辑，她希望这将成为两种文化之间的音乐桥梁。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词songs，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。 五、读后续写（24-25高二湖北期中考试） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two tickets. Only two tickets to the big basketball game. Three pairs of eyes all focused on the tickets in Dad’s outstretched hand. Marcus, the oldest, spoke the question running through everyone’s mind, “Only two tickets? But, Dad, which of us gets to go with you?” “Yeah, Daddy, who gets to go?” repeated Caleb, the youngest. “Dad, can’t you get any more tickets?” I asked. I might be the in-between sister, but I was just as eager as my basketball-crazy brothers were for a night out with Dad. “I’m afraid not,” Dad answered. “Mr. Williams only has two tickets. He was thoughtful enough to offer the tickets to me when he found out he’d be out of town this weekend.” Dad scratched his head, “Caleb, don’t you think you’re a little young to enjoy a professional basketball game…?”“Am not! Am not!” Caleb insisted. Dad shifted his focus and tried again. “Jill, since you’re a girl…” Before I could respond, Mom came to my defense and said, “Jill’s out there practicing with Marcus and all of his friends, and she’s better than quite a few of them, too!” “Okay, okay,” Dad smiled. “I guess I’ll have to figure out a fair way of choosing between the three of you by tomorrow morning. I’ll have to decide who deserves it most.” The next morning, Marcus hurried into the kitchen. “Where’s Dad?” he asked. “He and Mom went to pick up some books from the library,” Caleb answered, digging his spoon into a bowl of cereal (麦片). “And he said we should all get started on our Saturday household chores as soon as we finish breakfast,” I added. “Chores! He’s got to be kidding. ” Marcus said. “How can we concentrate on chores when the big game is a mere eleven hours away?” “I’m going to play basketball for a while,” Marcus announced. “Wait for me!” Caleb added and dashed after his brother. The back door slammed shut as the two boys ran down the driveway. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked at the breakfast table in front of me: bits of cereal here and there. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A white envelope was taped to the inside of the rubbish bin lid(盖子). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: I looked at the breakfast table in front of me: bits of cereal here and there. I pushed my chair away from the table, thinking to myself: “It looks like Saturday morning chores start right here.” As I was doing the chores, I heard the basketball bouncing off the driveway. I glanced out of the kitchen window and saw Marcus practicing shooting the basketball while Caleb cheered him on. Frustrated, though, I continued the household chores. I carried the rubbish outside the back door and opened the lid on the rubbish bin. Paragraph 2: A white envelope was taped to the inside of the rubbish bin lid (盖子). Someone had written the word “Congratulations!” on the cover. I opened the envelope and pulled out a folded piece of paper, “To the one who deserves to go”, the paper read, and inside of it was a ticket to the basketball game! That evening turned out to be as special as I’d imagined: Two seats at Center Court, and Dad and I cheering our team to victory. It was also a lesson in responsibility from a dad, who let his kids make their own choices and earn their own rewards. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述的是爸爸有两张大型篮球比赛的门票，但只能选择带三个孩子中的其中一个观看比赛。那么什么样的方式才能最公平地选出最值得去的孩子呢？第二天爸爸和妈妈一大早就出去了，让孩子们完成家务。两个男孩都去打篮球了，只有作者认真地打扫。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我看了看面前的早餐桌：到处都是碎麦片。”可知，第一段可描写作者打扫卫生的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“垃圾桶盖里面贴着一个白色信封。”可知，第二段可描写作者最后得到门票和爸爸一起去看比赛的过程。 2.续写线索：作者认真做家务——打开垃圾桶盖子——发现门票——和爸爸去看比赛——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.继续：continue/go on ②.携带：carry/bring ③.证明是：turn out to be /prove to be 情绪类 ①.沮丧的：frustrated / depressed /discouraged ②.欢呼：cheer / jubilate 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As I was doing the chores, I heard the basketball bouncing off the driveway.（由连接词as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]. It was also a lesson in responsibility from a dad, who let his kids make their own choices and earn their own rewards.（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句） 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$