2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019）选择性必修二Unit3

2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019） 选择性必修二 Unit 3 基础练 一、根据语境写出句子中黑体单词的汉语意思 1. He has struggled against the disease for the past five decades. 2. Thick cobwebs hung in the dusty corners. 3. We were a pretty inexperienced bunch of people really. 4. His mother bought him a new tablet from the shop. 5. The librarian asked me to replace the book on the shelf after reading. 6. A person could put the bricks together to build something. 7. Jazz is a type of music that has a strong beat and parts for performers to play alone. 8. A distinction should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 9. The components of something are the parts that it is made of. 10. The judges could not decide which category it belonged in. 二、词形转换 1． adj.年老的→ adj.年纪较长的 2． n．同情(心)→sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的→ v．同情；怜悯；体谅 3． adj.布满灰尘的→ n．沙尘；灰尘 4． n．家具→ v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具 5． n. 薄雾，雾霭→ adj. 有薄雾的；模糊的 6． n. 领导；领导地位→ n. 领导者；领袖；首领→ v．带路；带领 7． v．竞争→ n．竞争；竞赛；比赛→ n．竞争者；对手→ adj.竞争的 8． vt.& vi.使变大；增加；伸展→ n．扩张；扩大 9． adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→ n．感情；情绪 11． n．意图，目的→ vt.计划；打算 12． n．改编；适应→ vt.使适应；改编 13． adj.易懂的；可接近的；可进入的；可使用的→ n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 14． n．趋势→ vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看 15． n．教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家→ vt.教育→ adj.受过教育的；有教养的→ n．教育 16． adv.紧急地；急迫地→ vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动→ adj. 紧急的→urgency n. 紧急 17． adj.有说服力的；令人信服的→ vt.使确信，使信服→ adj.确信的，信服的 三、重点短语 1. 顺便访问 2. 一群 3. 向……挥手告别 4. 永远 5. 接管 6. 在……领导下 7. 聚会 8. 突然出现 9. 给……以活力 10. 寻找，搜索 11. due to 12. for the first time 13. a string of 14. get changed 15. have no use for 四、重点句式 1．the day引导时间状语从句 ___________________________(听说……的那天) the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken. 2．现在分词短语作伴随状语 ___________________________(深深地叹了一口气), he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore. 3．as if 引导方式状语从句 Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, ____________________________(仿佛那些事情发生) only yesterday. 4．as引导非限制性定语从句；过去分词短语作定语 Well, (正如你所看到的)，corporate knowledge (加上创意) has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! 5．be to do结构 The signs he used (是说) that he'd be running late and would be there soon. 6．状语从句的省略 _________________________(当首次引入时) in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 7．with复合结构 _________________________________(通过给……添加笑脸或哭脸) a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. 8．“would rather...than...”意为“宁愿……而不愿” After all，how many of us today (宁愿发送一条信息) packed with emojis ___________(而不愿) make a telephone call? 提高练 一、阅读理解 A（24-25高二山东临沂期中考试） When I was in school, I absolutely looked down upon art. As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession. From a very young age, around four, I had this habit of sleepwalking. During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’t you create like this during class?” It was a mystery to me too. I tried my hardest to draw when I was awake, practicing with the same tools. But no matter how much I tried, I couldn’t reproduce the drawings I made while asleep. After finishing school, I embarked on a career in nursing, where I mainly helped people with brain injuries. Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work. Whenever I start painting in my sleep, I use whatever tools I can find, sometimes even knives and forks. This is the only thing that concerns my partner — the fear that I might accidentally hurt myself. I’ve visited numerous sleep clinics to find out what’s causing this, but my health seems perfectly fine. However, alcohol or lack of sleep does seem to trigger my sleepwalking, so I’m cautious about that. I’ve come to embrace my unique talent and organized my first art exhibition in 2007 at the local library, raising money for cancer research. Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist. 1．Why wasn’t the author upset about her art final exams? A．She was unwilling to work in art field. B．She was confident in herself. C．She had very little interest in her study. D．She had got used to her E in art. 2．What did art teachers think of the author’s sleepwalking paintings? A．They felt worried about them. B．They were indifferent about them. C．They showed confidence about them. D．They expressed much doubt about them. 3．Why did the author’s partner sometimes film him while he was sleepwalking? A．To support the author’s artistic habits. B．To capture the author’s sleepwalking. C．To show his worry about his safety. D．To show sleepwalking was enteraining. 4．What was the turning point that made the author decide to become a full-time artist? A．Organizing a donation event. B．Receiving support from his partner. C．Finding out the cause of his sleepwalking. D．Receiving calls from media outlets and organizations. B（24-25广东揭阳期中考试） Recently, Xudong Wang at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his colleagues have invented a floor that generates electricity when people step on it. To make it, the researchers extracted cellulose nano-fibers from wood pulp and separated them into two layers, one of which they chemically treated to become positively charged. They then wrapped both layers in cardboard and compressed them to make a hard board. Under the pressure of a footstep, the two cellulose layers come into contact and swap electrons. When the foot is lifted, the electrons return but travel through an external circuit, producing electricity. One step on a floorboard produces between 10 and 30 volts and is capable of lighting up 35 green LEDs. Wang’s team is now planning to test the prototype in a part of their university with heavy foot traffic. Eventually, they hope to introduce the floorboards into train stations and shopping centers, where they could power lights and sensors. However, Alistair Sproul at the University of New South Wales in Sydney Australia, says that the electricity-producing floors have a tiny output. “If you want to power society and do things efficiently, go for solar or wind energy,” says Sproul. “This is a novelty idea but probably not very practical.” But Wang says that energy from footsteps could complement solar energy. “The concept is to generate electricity from energy that would otherwise be wasted,” he says, “It also works inside buildings and underground where solar may not be available or sufficient.” The team will now need to show that the floorboards are durable and cost-effective. The production cost is similar to that of regular wooden floors, but additional expenses include replacing existing floors with new floors connecting with energy storage units and devices. “It can’t replace solar energy harvesting,” Wang says, “But as a complement, we believe it will be a cost-effective way compared to other green energy sources.” 5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the new floor? A．Its working principle. B．Its creative aspects. C．Its research input. D．Its inventing inspiration. 6．What is the ideal use case for this new invention? A．Open-air railway station B．Underground space with a large crowd C．Open land with strong wind D．Shopping malls requiring much power 7．What can we know about the new floor from Wang’s words? A．It promises to replace solar energy. B．It is cost-effective and eco-friendly. C．It is more difficult to produce. D．It is more durable than wooden floors. 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．A New Solution to Power Shortage B．A New Function of Floorboards C．Generate Power by Footsteps D．Save Energy by New Building Materials 二、七选五（24-25高二江苏南京期中考试） When I was a child, my mother battled with me over learning the art of conversation and how to chat to grown ups. As a shy person, making small talk can feel unnecessary and forced. 1 First impressions really do count. People make judgments based on your appearance and how you present yourself in the first few seconds of meeting. Simply smiling at a person can tell them that you’re trustworthy and easy- going. Even if you’re stressed about work or your boiler has exploded, your body language matters. 2 Smile, and dress appropriately. Smile is like a warm welcome mat for your face—signaling approachability and friendliness—making all the difference in how people treat you. 3 Think about what you’re going to wear so you’re not stressed over choosing an outfit on that day. Select clothes that make you feel empowered and confident. Remember, confidence starts with feeling good in your own skin, and the right outfit can be helpful in that journey. Mirror the other person’s body language. If you’re struggling to connect with a person and have different views, mirroring their behavior can help you. 4 Whether you like what they’re saying or not, it doesn’t matter that much. Be swan- like. Think of yourself as a swan on a pond. You can sail calmly, but secretly be working hard, kicking your legs at full speed beneath the water. 5 You can shake out your tension later with a dance or a bath. A．Then, how to create the right impression? B．If you’re going to a social event, preparation is key. C．Body language makes a difference in any social contexts. D．It’s like becoming an automatic printer of their behaviors. E．It’s an effective way to bond and make them feel understood. F．Despite my resistance, I can see mum gave me a useful life skill. G．Keep your stress in check, hold your head high and move proudly. 三、完形填空（24-25高二河南商丘期中考试） I have been chasing an official autism diagnosis (自闭症诊断) for over three years. Just when I turned forty, I finally got my official diagnosis. Leaving the clinic, I 1 with relief in my car. Then, remembering my free birthday coffee credit, I decided that it was the perfect time to 2 . After 3 a bit to drive safely, I 4 to the coffee shop and pulled into the drive-thru (得来速). At the speaker, I gave my loyalty number and 5 my coffee. All the staff cheerily wished me a happy birthday. A truck driver behind me said something as the jam-packed line of people was moving 6 . I ignored it at first because my car window was closed. Then I lowered my window down and stuck my head out of the window, asking him to 7 himself. “Happy birthday! Can you eat cakes?” was his 8 . I cried again and said I was turning forty. The lady behind the window 9 me, “You don’t look over twenty-five. You’ll be fine!” With a smile, she handed me my drink and a birthday cake paid by the truck driver behind me. 10 not to cry again, I thanked him with 11 eyes before driving off, and then broke down into tears. Having only heard 12 of strangers’ kindness and the “next person pays” gesture, I was unprepared for the emotional impact when it 13 to me today. Just at the moment, I received a result of my autism that had brought me 14 after three long years. The simple gift of a cake, paid by a truck driver I never met, brought me to tears in a way I never thought 15 . 1．A．sighed B．wept C．slept D．whispered 2．A．reflect B．share C．quit D．celebrate 3．A．calming down B．staying on C．moving on D．slowing down 4．A．agreed B．promised C．headed D．refused 5．A．sold B．tasted C．ordered D．drank 6．A．constantly B．slowly C．regularly D．silently 7．A．repeat B．behave C．enjoy D．help 8．A．doubt B．responsibility C．excuse D．reply 9．A．comforted B．blamed C．spotted D．understood 10．A．Stopping B．Expecting C．Struggling D．Pretending 11．A．sleepy B．watery C．curious D．sharp 12．A．lies B．adventures C．lessons D．stories 13．A．happened B．belonged C．announced D．referred 14．A．anxiety B．relief C．care D．pride 15．A．perfect B．proper C．possible D．clear 四、语法填空（24-25高二福建泉州期中考试） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ian Kiernan was taking part in a sailing race in 1987 when he noticed an alarming amount of garbage (垃圾) in the oceans. It upset him, so when he returned to Australia, he organized 1 cleanup event called Clean Up Sydney Harbour in 1989. 2 (amazing), over 40,000 people volunteered to help. This success 3 (lead) to the establishment of Clean Up Australia Day in 1990, with 300,000 participants. In 1993, Ian launched (发起) Clean Up the World to support 4 (community) around the world in’ cleaning up and conserving the environment. Today, Clean Up Australia Day welcomes more than half a million volunteers, 5 help to clear thousands of tonnes of garbage from beaches, parks and waterways. But Ian also worries 6 electronic waste, or e-waste, which is building up fast and can harm the environment. Some studies say e-waste makes up 70% of landfills (废弃物填埋场). 7 (deal) with e-waste, Kiernan started a program called Clean Up Mobile Phones to collect 8 (use) cell phones for reuse and recycling. Ian saw a problem and took action. His work shows that even one person can make a big 9 (different) by caring for the earth and 10 (encourage) others to do the same. 五、应用文写作（24-25高二重庆期中） 假如你是李华，你们学校将要举行一场演讲比赛。请你给外出旅行的好友Tom写信，邀请他作为你的搭档和你一起参加比赛。要点包括： 1. 参赛时间：下周六上午8 点； 2. 参赛地点：学校礼堂； 3. 参赛主题：做为成人，成就更好的自己； Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiHua 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年上学期高二英语期末复习讲练（外研版2019） 选择性必修二 Unit 3 基础练 一、根据语境写出句子中黑体单词的汉语意思 1. He has struggled against the disease for the past five decades. 十年 2. Thick cobwebs hung in the dusty corners. 布满灰尘的 3. We were a pretty inexperienced bunch of people really. 一群 4. His mother bought him a new tablet from the shop.平板电脑 5. The librarian asked me to replace the book on the shelf after reading. 搁板，架子 6. A person could put the bricks together to build something.砖块 7. Jazz is a type of music that has a strong beat and parts for performers to play alone. 爵士乐 8. A distinction should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 次要的，第二位的 9. The components of something are the parts that it is made of.组成部分 10. The judges could not decide which category it belonged in.类别 二、词形转换 1．elderly adj.年老的→elder adj.年纪较长的 2．sympathy n．同情(心)→sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的→sympathize v．同情；怜悯；体谅 3．dusty adj.布满灰尘的→dust n．沙尘；灰尘 4．furniture n．家具→furnish v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具 5．mist n. 薄雾，雾霭→misty adj. 有薄雾的；模糊的 6．leadership n. 领导；领导地位→leader n. 领导者；领袖；首领→lead v．带路；带领 7．compete v．竞争→competition n．竞争；竞赛；比赛→competitor n．竞争者；对手→competitive adj.竞争的 8．expand vt.& vi.使变大；增加；伸展→expansion n．扩张；扩大 9．emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→emotion n．感情；情绪 11．intention n．意图，目的→intend vt.计划；打算 12．adaptation n．改编；适应→adapt vt.使适应；改编 13．accessible adj.易懂的；可接近的；可进入的；可使用的→access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 14．tendency n．趋势→tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看 15．educator n．教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 16．urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动→urgent adj. 紧急的→urgency n. 紧急 17．convincing adj.有说服力的；令人信服的→convince vt.使确信，使信服→convinced adj.确信的，信服的 三、重点短语 1. drop in 顺便访问 2. a bunch of 一群 3. wave goodbye to 向……挥手告别 4. for good 永远 5. take over 接管 6. under one’s leadership 在……领导下 7. get together 聚会 8. pop up 突然出现 9. bring…back to life 给……以活力 10. search for 寻找，搜索 11. due to 由于 12. for the first time第一次 13. a string of 一连串 14. get changed 换衣服 15. have no use for 不需要 四、重点句式 1．the day引导时间状语从句 The day I heard hat(听说……的那天) the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken. 2．现在分词短语作伴随状语 Sighing deeply(深深地叹了一口气), he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore. 3．as if 引导方式状语从句 Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events had happened(仿佛那些事情发生) only yesterday. 4．as引导非限制性定语从句；过去分词短语作定语 Well, as you can see(正如你所看到的)，corporate knowledge combined with creativity(加上创意) has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! 5．be to do结构 The signs he used were to say(是说) that he'd be running late and would be there soon. 6．状语从句的省略 When first introduced(当首次引入时) in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 7．with复合结构 With a smiling or sad face added to(通过给……添加笑脸或哭脸) a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. 8．“would rather...than...”意为“宁愿……而不愿” After all，how many of us today would rather send a message(宁愿发送一条信息) packed with emojis than(而不愿) make a telephone call? 提高练 一、阅读理解 A（24-25高二山东临沂期中考试） When I was in school, I absolutely looked down upon art. As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession. From a very young age, around four, I had this habit of sleepwalking. During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’t you create like this during class?” It was a mystery to me too. I tried my hardest to draw when I was awake, practicing with the same tools. But no matter how much I tried, I couldn’t reproduce the drawings I made while asleep. After finishing school, I embarked on a career in nursing, where I mainly helped people with brain injuries. Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work. Whenever I start painting in my sleep, I use whatever tools I can find, sometimes even knives and forks. This is the only thing that concerns my partner — the fear that I might accidentally hurt myself. I’ve visited numerous sleep clinics to find out what’s causing this, but my health seems perfectly fine. However, alcohol or lack of sleep does seem to trigger my sleepwalking, so I’m cautious about that. I’ve come to embrace my unique talent and organized my first art exhibition in 2007 at the local library, raising money for cancer research. Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist. 1．Why wasn’t the author upset about her art final exams? A．She was unwilling to work in art field. B．She was confident in herself. C．She had very little interest in her study. D．She had got used to her E in art. 2．What did art teachers think of the author’s sleepwalking paintings? A．They felt worried about them. B．They were indifferent about them. C．They showed confidence about them. D．They expressed much doubt about them. 3．Why did the author’s partner sometimes film him while he was sleepwalking? A．To support the author’s artistic habits. B．To capture the author’s sleepwalking. C．To show his worry about his safety. D．To show sleepwalking was enteraining. 4．What was the turning point that made the author decide to become a full-time artist? A．Organizing a donation event. B．Receiving support from his partner. C．Finding out the cause of his sleepwalking. D．Receiving calls from media outlets and organizations. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己从小对艺术不感兴趣，却意外发现自己梦游时具有绘画才能，并最终决定放弃原有职业，全职投入艺术创作的个人经历。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession.(作为在威尔士北部长大的孩子，我的美术期末考试成绩从未高于E等级。然而，我并未感到太过震惊，因为我从未想过要将它作为职业来追求)”可知，作者对艺术领域的职业没有兴趣，所以对她的艺术考试成绩不感到沮丧。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’ t you create like this during class?”(夜里，我会在楼梯下徘徊，并在墙上漫无目的地画画。到我15岁时，我的画作已经有所发展。我从玛丽莲·梦露的肖像画到那些奇怪、不切实际的画作，什么都画。我把一些作品拿给美术老师看，他们问：“你为什么在课堂上不能像这样创作呢？”)”可推知，美术老师们认为作者梦游时的画作非常不错。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work.(在这一过程中，我遇到了我的伴侣，他对我追求艺术和梦游的习惯非常支持。我经常在画画时被他拍摄下来)”可知，作者的伴侣拍下作者梦游是为了支持作者追求艺术和梦游的习惯。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist.(仅仅一周内，我就接到了来自各种媒体机构和组织的160个电话，他们都想更多地了解我的艺术。我非常激动。就在这时，我决定放弃我原本很有成就感的护理工作，转而追求全职艺术家的职业生涯)”可知，接到媒体和组织的电话是作者决定成为全职艺术家的转折点。故选D。 B（24-25广东揭阳期中考试） Recently, Xudong Wang at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his colleagues have invented a floor that generates electricity when people step on it. To make it, the researchers extracted cellulose nano-fibers from wood pulp and separated them into two layers, one of which they chemically treated to become positively charged. They then wrapped both layers in cardboard and compressed them to make a hard board. Under the pressure of a footstep, the two cellulose layers come into contact and swap electrons. When the foot is lifted, the electrons return but travel through an external circuit, producing electricity. One step on a floorboard produces between 10 and 30 volts and is capable of lighting up 35 green LEDs. Wang’s team is now planning to test the prototype in a part of their university with heavy foot traffic. Eventually, they hope to introduce the floorboards into train stations and shopping centers, where they could power lights and sensors. However, Alistair Sproul at the University of New South Wales in Sydney Australia, says that the electricity-producing floors have a tiny output. “If you want to power society and do things efficiently, go for solar or wind energy,” says Sproul. “This is a novelty idea but probably not very practical.” But Wang says that energy from footsteps could complement solar energy. “The concept is to generate electricity from energy that would otherwise be wasted,” he says, “It also works inside buildings and underground where solar may not be available or sufficient.” The team will now need to show that the floorboards are durable and cost-effective. The production cost is similar to that of regular wooden floors, but additional expenses include replacing existing floors with new floors connecting with energy storage units and devices. “It can’t replace solar energy harvesting,” Wang says, “But as a complement, we believe it will be a cost-effective way compared to other green energy sources.” 5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the new floor? A．Its working principle. B．Its creative aspects. C．Its research input. D．Its inventing inspiration. 6．What is the ideal use case for this new invention? A．Open-air railway station B．Underground space with a large crowd C．Open land with strong wind D．Shopping malls requiring much power 7．What can we know about the new floor from Wang’s words? A．It promises to replace solar energy. B．It is cost-effective and eco-friendly. C．It is more difficult to produce. D．It is more durable than wooden floors. 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．A New Solution to Power Shortage B．A New Function of Floorboards C．Generate Power by Footsteps D．Save Energy by New Building Materials 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的王旭东和他的同事们发明的一种可以踩上去就能发电的地板——这种地板的发电原理、使用环境和优势等。 5．主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容“To make it, the researchers extracted cellulose nano-fibers from wood pulp and separated them into two layers, one of which they chemically treated to become positively charged. They then wrapped both layers in cardboard and compressed them to make a hard board. Under the pressure of a footstep, the two cellulose layers come into contact and swap electrons. When the foot is lifted, the electrons return but travel through an external circuit, producing electricity.(为此，研究人员从木浆中提取纤维素纳米纤维，并将其分成两层，其中一层经化学处理后带正电。然后，他们用硬纸板把两层都包裹起来，压缩成一块硬板。在脚步声的压力下，两层纤维素接触并交换电子。当脚被抬起时，电子返回，但通过外部电路，产生电力)”可知，该部分主要讲的是新发明的地板是如何发电的。故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“One step on a floorboard produces between 10 and 30 volts and is capable of lighting up 35 green LEDs. Wang’s team is now planning to test the prototype in a part of their university with heavy foot traffic. Eventually, they hope to introduce the floorboards into train stations and shopping centers, where they could power lights and sensors.(踩在地板上产生的电压在10到30伏之间，能够点亮35个绿色led。王的团队现在正计划在他们大学的一个人流量很大的地方测试原型。最终，他们希望将这种地板引入火车站和购物中心，在那里它们可以为灯和传感器供电)”和第五段的句子“ “The concept is to generate  electricity from energy that would otherwise be wasted,” he says, “It  also works inside buildings and underground where solar may not be  available or sufficient.”(“这个概念是利用原本会被浪费的能源发电，”他说，“它也适用于建筑物和地下，那里可能没有太阳能或太阳能不足。”)”可知，新发明的地板依靠脚踩上去发电。由此推知，人流量大且没有阳光的地下空间是理想的使用场所。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Wang says, “But as a complement, we believe it will be a cost-effective way compared to other green energy sources.”(王说：“但作为补充，我们相信与其他绿色能源相比，它将是一种经济有效的方式。”)”可知，新发明的地板是既经济又环保。故选B项 8．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的王旭东和他的同事们发明的一种可以踩上去能发电的地板——这种地板的发电原理、使用环境和优势等。由此可知，C项“Generate Power by Footsteps(通过脚步发电)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。 二、七选五（24-25高二江苏南京期中考试） When I was a child, my mother battled with me over learning the art of conversation and how to chat to grown ups. As a shy person, making small talk can feel unnecessary and forced. 1 First impressions really do count. People make judgments based on your appearance and how you present yourself in the first few seconds of meeting. Simply smiling at a person can tell them that you’re trustworthy and easy- going. Even if you’re stressed about work or your boiler has exploded, your body language matters. 2 Smile, and dress appropriately. Smile is like a warm welcome mat for your face—signaling approachability and friendliness—making all the difference in how people treat you. 3 Think about what you’re going to wear so you’re not stressed over choosing an outfit on that day. Select clothes that make you feel empowered and confident. Remember, confidence starts with feeling good in your own skin, and the right outfit can be helpful in that journey. Mirror the other person’s body language. If you’re struggling to connect with a person and have different views, mirroring their behavior can help you. 4 Whether you like what they’re saying or not, it doesn’t matter that much. Be swan- like. Think of yourself as a swan on a pond. You can sail calmly, but secretly be working hard, kicking your legs at full speed beneath the water. 5 You can shake out your tension later with a dance or a bath. A．Then, how to create the right impression? B．If you’re going to a social event, preparation is key. C．Body language makes a difference in any social contexts. D．It’s like becoming an automatic printer of their behaviors. E．It’s an effective way to bond and make them feel understood. F．Despite my resistance, I can see mum gave me a useful life skill. G．Keep your stress in check, hold your head high and move proudly. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何在社交场合给人留下好印象，包括微笑、穿着得体、模仿他人肢体语言以及保持像天鹅一样的状态，即控制压力、自信行动等。同时提到了小时候妈妈教导作者学习交谈艺术和与大人聊天，作者虽然曾经抗拒，但现在意识到这是一项有用的生活技能。 1．根据上文“When I was a child, my mother battled with me over learning the art of conversation and how to chat to grown ups. As a shy person, making small talk can feel unnecessary and forced. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我的母亲就和我在学习交谈的艺术以及如何与成年人聊天这件事上进行较量。作为一个害羞的人，闲聊会让人觉得没有必要且很勉强。)”及下文“First impressions really do count. People make judgments based on your appearance and how you present yourself in the first few seconds of meeting. (第一印象真的很重要。人们会根据你的外表和你在会议最初几秒钟的自我表现来做出判断。)”可知，妈妈的做法其实是给了“我”一项有用的生活技能，与F项“Despite my resistance, I can see mum gave me a useful life skill. (尽管我很抗拒，但我还是可以看出妈妈给了我一个有用的生活技能。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选F项。 2．根据下文“Smile, and dress appropriately. Smile is like a warm welcome mat for your face—signaling approachability and friendliness—making all the difference in how people treat you. (微笑，穿着得体。微笑就像你脸上的温暖欢迎垫——标志着平易近人和友好——让所有的人都能轻松自在。)”可知，微笑是为了创造好的印象，与A项“Then, how to create the right impression? (那么，如何创造正确的印象呢？)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选A项。 3．根据下文“Think about what you’re going to wear so you’re not stressed over choosing an outfit on that day. (想想你要穿什么，这样你在那天就不会为选择一套服装而感到压力。)”可知，去社交活动前准备很关键，与B项“If you’re going to a social event, preparation is key. (如果你要参加社交活动，准备工作是关键。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选B项。 4．根据上文“Mirror the other person’s body language. If you’re struggling to connect with a person and have different views, mirroring their behavior can help you. (模仿对方的肢体语言。如果你很难与一个人建立联系并且有不同的观点，模仿他们的行为可以帮助你。)”可知，建立联系可以让别人感到被理解，与E项“It’s an effective way to bond and make them feel understood. (这是建立联系并让他们感到被理解的有效方式。)”上下文一致，符合文意，解释了模仿对方的肢体语言的作用。故选E项。 5．根据上文“Be swan- like. Think of yourself as a swan on a pond. You can sail calmly, but secretly be working hard, kicking your legs at full speed beneath the water. (像天鹅一样。把你自己想象成池塘里的一只天鹅。你可以平静地航行，但暗地里却在努力工作，在水下全速踢腿。)”及下文“You can shake out your tension later with a dance or a bath. (你可以稍后通过跳舞或泡澡来缓解紧张情绪。)”可知，本段以天鹅为形象，来说明控制好压力，与G项“Keep your stress in check, hold your head high and move proudly. (控制住压力，昂首挺胸，自豪地运动。)”上下文一致，符合文意，且与天鹅的形象相符，与下文呼应。故选G项。 三、完形填空（24-25高二河南商丘期中考试） I have been chasing an official autism diagnosis (自闭症诊断) for over three years. Just when I turned forty, I finally got my official diagnosis. Leaving the clinic, I 1 with relief in my car. Then, remembering my free birthday coffee credit, I decided that it was the perfect time to 2 . After 3 a bit to drive safely, I 4 to the coffee shop and pulled into the drive-thru (得来速). At the speaker, I gave my loyalty number and 5 my coffee. All the staff cheerily wished me a happy birthday. A truck driver behind me said something as the jam-packed line of people was moving 6 . I ignored it at first because my car window was closed. Then I lowered my window down and stuck my head out of the window, asking him to 7 himself. “Happy birthday! Can you eat cakes?” was his 8 . I cried again and said I was turning forty. The lady behind the window 9 me, “You don’t look over twenty-five. You’ll be fine!” With a smile, she handed me my drink and a birthday cake paid by the truck driver behind me. 10 not to cry again, I thanked him with 11 eyes before driving off, and then broke down into tears. Having only heard 12 of strangers’ kindness and the “next person pays” gesture, I was unprepared for the emotional impact when it 13 to me today. Just at the moment, I received a result of my autism that had brought me 14 after three long years. The simple gift of a cake, paid by a truck driver I never met, brought me to tears in a way I never thought 15 . 1．A．sighed B．wept C．slept D．whispered 2．A．reflect B．share C．quit D．celebrate 3．A．calming down B．staying on C．moving on D．slowing down 4．A．agreed B．promised C．headed D．refused 5．A．sold B．tasted C．ordered D．drank 6．A．constantly B．slowly C．regularly D．silently 7．A．repeat B．behave C．enjoy D．help 8．A．doubt B．responsibility C．excuse D．reply 9．A．comforted B．blamed C．spotted D．understood 10．A．Stopping B．Expecting C．Struggling D．Pretending 11．A．sleepy B．watery C．curious D．sharp 12．A．lies B．adventures C．lessons D．stories 13．A．happened B．belonged C．announced D．referred 14．A．anxiety B．relief C．care D．pride 15．A．perfect B．proper C．possible D．clear 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者刚到四十岁，被诊断为自闭症后方觉如释重负，在使用免费生日咖啡积分时，一个陌生司机为作者购买了蛋糕的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开诊所时，我在车里如释重负地哭泣。A. sighed叹息；B. wept哭泣；C. slept睡着；D. whispered低语。根据下文“I cried again and said I was turning forty.”可知，被诊断为自闭症后，作者如释重负而流泪，故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，想起我的免费生日咖啡积分，我决定现在是庆祝的最佳时机。A. reflect反思；B. share分享；C. quit退出；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“Just when I turned forty”及“Then, remembering my free birthday coffee credit”可知，此刻是使用免费生日咖啡积分来庆祝的最佳时机，故选D项。 3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：稍微冷静下来以便安全驾驶后，我前往咖啡店并驶入了“得来速”通道。A. calming down冷静下来；B. staying on保持活力；C. moving on继续前进；D. slowing down放慢脚步。根据下文“to drive safely”可知，冷静了一会，以确保安全驾驶，故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：稍微冷静下来以便安全驾驶后，我前往咖啡店并驶入了“得来速”通道。A. agreed同意；B. promised承诺；C. headed前往；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“remembering my free birthday coffee credit，I decided that it was the perfect time to”可知，作者开车前往了咖啡店，故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在点餐处，我给出了我的会员卡号并点了我的咖啡。A. sold卖了；B. tasted品尝；C. ordered点，订；D. drank喝。根据上文“I gave my loyalty number and”及下文“my coffee”可知，是在咖啡店的点餐处，作者给出会员号然后点了咖啡，故选C项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我身后的一位卡车司机说了些什么，这时拥挤的队伍正在缓慢地移动。A. constantly持续；B. slowly缓慢；C. regularly定期；D. silently无声无息。根据上文“as the jam-packed line of people”可知，队伍排得很长，所以队伍移动得很慢，故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我把车窗放下，把头探出窗外，让他重复一遍。A. repeat重复；B. behave表现；C. enjoy享受；D. help帮助。根据上文“my car window was closed. Then I lowered my window down and stuck my head out of the window, asking him to”可知，作者一开始没听清卡车司机说的话，所以打开车窗让他重复一下，故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“生日快乐！你能吃蛋糕吗？”A. doubt怀疑；B. responsibility责任；C. excuse借口；D. reply回答。根据上文“ ‘Happy birthday! Can you eat cakes?’”可知，这是卡车司机对作者让他重复话语的回答，故选D项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：窗后的女士安慰我说：“你看起来不会超过二十五岁。”A. comforted安慰；B. blamed责备；C. spotted发现；D. understood理解。根据下文“ ‘You don’t look over twenty-five. You’ll be fine! ’”窗口后面的女士说作者看起来不像超过二十五岁，还说会好起来的，这是在安慰作者，故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力不让自己再哭泣，我含着泪水向他道谢，然后开车离开，接着便泣不成声。A. Stopping停止；B. Expecting期待；C. Struggling努力；D. Pretending假装。根据下文“not to cry again”可知，此处是指作者努力不让自己再次哭出来，故选C项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力不让自己再哭泣，我含着泪水向他道谢，然后开车离开，接着便泣不成声。A. sleepy困倦的；B. watery湿润的；C. curious好奇的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据上文“not to cry again”及下文“eyes before driving off, and then broke down into tears”可知，作者努力忍着眼泪，所以眼睛是湿润的，故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只听说过陌生人的善意和“下一个人付钱”手势的故事，我对今天发生在我身上的情感影响毫无准备。A. lies谎言；B. adventures冒险；C. lessons教训；D. stories故事。根据下文“of strangers’ kindness and the “next person pays” gesture”可知，此处是指作者之前只听过陌生人友善以及“下一个人买单”这种举动的故事，故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只听说过陌生人的善意和“下一个人付钱”手势的故事，我对今天发生在我身上的情感影响毫无准备。A. happened发生；B. belonged属于；C. announced宣布；D. referred谈及。根据上文“I was unprepared for the emotional impact when it”及下文“to me today”可知，当这种事今天发生在作者身上时，作者对其带来的情感冲击毫无准备，故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我收到了自闭症的结果，在漫长的三年后，它给我带来了解脱。A. anxiety焦虑；B. relief解脱；C. care关心；D. pride骄傲。根据上文“I received a result of my autism that had brought me”及下文“after three long years”可知，作者经过漫长的三年，终于解脱了，故选B项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个我从未见过的卡车司机付钱给我的蛋糕这个简单的礼物，让我以一种我从未想过的方式流下了眼泪。A. perfect完美的；B. proper适当的；C. possible可能的；D. clear清晰的。根据上文“The simple gift of a cake, paid by a truck driver I never met”可知，一个作者从未见过的卡车司机给作者买了一个简单的蛋糕作为礼物，以一种作者从未想过的可能的方式让作者流泪了，故选C项。 四、语法填空（24-25高二福建泉州期中考试） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ian Kiernan was taking part in a sailing race in 1987 when he noticed an alarming amount of garbage (垃圾) in the oceans. It upset him, so when he returned to Australia, he organized 1 cleanup event called Clean Up Sydney Harbour in 1989. 2 (amazing), over 40,000 people volunteered to help. This success 3 (lead) to the establishment of Clean Up Australia Day in 1990, with 300,000 participants. In 1993, Ian launched (发起) Clean Up the World to support 4 (community) around the world in’ cleaning up and conserving the environment. Today, Clean Up Australia Day welcomes more than half a million volunteers, 5 help to clear thousands of tonnes of garbage from beaches, parks and waterways. But Ian also worries 6 electronic waste, or e-waste, which is building up fast and can harm the environment. Some studies say e-waste makes up 70% of landfills (废弃物填埋场). 7 (deal) with e-waste, Kiernan started a program called Clean Up Mobile Phones to collect 8 (use) cell phones for reuse and recycling. Ian saw a problem and took action. His work shows that even one person can make a big 9 (different) by caring for the earth and 10 (encourage) others to do the same. 【答案】 1．a 2．Amazingly 3．led 4．communities 5．who 6．about 7．To deal 8．used 9．difference 10．encouraging 【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了Kieman在参加环球航海比赛中，开始注意到海洋污染。于是他组织成立了Clean Up Sydney Harbour，并取得了巨大的成功。 1．考查冠词。句意：这让他很难过，所以当他回到澳大利亚后，他在1989年组织了一场名为“清理悉尼港”的清理活动。event是单数名词，前面用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。 2．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，超过4万人自愿提供帮助。副词修饰一句话，作状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Amazingly。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这一成功促使人们在1990年设立了“澳大利亚清洁日”，有30万人参加。in 1990可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填led。 4．考查名词复数。句意：支持世界各地的社区清理和保护环境。community是可数名词，世界各地的社区用名词复数。故填communities。 5．考查定语从句。句意：今天，澳大利亚清洁日”迎来了50多万志愿者，帮助清理海滩、公园和水道中的数千吨垃圾。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是volunteers，在定语从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故填who。 6．考查介词。句意：但伊恩也担心电子垃圾，或电子废品，它正在迅速积累，可能会损害环境。worry about表示“担心某事”。故填about。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了处理电子垃圾， Kiernan启动了一个名为“清理手机”的项目，收集使用过的手机进行再利用和回收。started是谓语动词，deal和谓语之间没有连词，用非谓语动词，表示目的用动词不定式形式，位于句首首字母大写。故填To deal。 8．考查形容词。句意：为了处理电子垃圾， Kiernan启动了一个名为“清理手机”的项目，收集使用过的手机进行再利用和回收。名词前用形容词作定语，used表示“用过的”。故填used。 9．考查名词。句意：他的工作表明，即使是一个人也可以通过关心地球并鼓励其他人也这样做而做出很大的改变。不定冠词后用单数名词，make a difference表示“有影响、有改变”。故填difference。 10．考查动名词。句意：他的工作表明，即使是一个人也可以通过关心地球并鼓励其他人也这样做而做出很大的改变。and表示并列，介词后用动名词作宾语。故填encouraging。 五、应用文写作（24-25高二重庆期中） 假如你是李华，你们学校将要举行一场演讲比赛。请你给外出旅行的好友Tom写信，邀请他作为你的搭档和你一起参加比赛。要点包括： 1. 参赛时间：下周六上午8 点； 2. 参赛地点：学校礼堂； 3. 参赛主题：做为成人，成就更好的自己； Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiHua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, How are you? I hope your travels are going well. Our school is organizing a speech contest next Saturday at 8 a.m. in the school auditorium. The theme is “Becoming a Better Self as Adults,” which I think is incredibly inspiring. I immediately thought of you as my partner because I believe we can complement each other’s strengths — your creative ideas paired with my speech skills could make our presentation stand out. It would be a great opportunity to share our thoughts on personal growth and inspire others. Please let me know if you’re interested and available. I hope we can work together on this meaningful topic. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外出旅行的好友Tom写信，邀请他作为你的搭档和你一起参加学校将要举行一场演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓舞人心的：inspiring → encouraging 立刻：immediately → instantly 技能：skill → technique 机会：opportunity → chance 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Our school is organizing a speech contest next Saturday at 8 a.m. in the school auditorium. The theme is “Becoming a Better Self as Adults,” which I think is incredibly inspiring. 拓展句：Our school is organizing a speech contest next Saturday at 8 a.m. in the school auditorium, whose theme is “Becoming a Better Self as Adults”, which I think is incredibly inspiring. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The theme is “Becoming a Better Self as Adults,” which I think is incredibly inspiring.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I immediately thought of you as my partner because I believe we can complement each other’s strengths — your creative ideas paired with my speech skills could make our presentation stand out.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句以及省略连接词that的宾语从句作believe的宾语） 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$