精品解析：湖北省荆州市沙市区沙市中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

2024—2025学年度上学期2022级 11月月考英语试卷 考试时间：2024年11月26日 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the man make a call? A. To complain about the delivery service. B. To place an order for a bed. C. To change the delivery time. 2. Where will the meeting be held? A. In Room 402. B. In Room 403. C. In the hall. 3. What does the woman think of physics? A. Complicated. B. Easy. C. Interesting. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Finding new jobs. B. Seeing old friends. C. Organizing a party. 5. What does the woman suggest doing this afternoon? A. Playing computer games. B. Cleaning the house. C. Working in the yard. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At a party. C. In a classroom. 7. What is the man likely to do next? A. Have a conversation with Adela. B. Express his thanks to Peter. C. Leave with Gina. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. How much does the woman pay? A. 25 cents. B. 1 dollar. C. 4 dollars. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Write the final paper. B. Look for a book. C. Attend a literature class. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。 10. What caused the delay of the TV play last week? A. Some other programs. B. Some unknown reasons. C. Some problems with the contract. 11 When did the man start to wait for the second season of the TV play? A. A few months ago. B. A month ago. C. A week ago. 12. What kind of programs does the man probably like best? A. Talk shows. B. News programs. C. Talent shows. 13. How does the man sound in the end? A. Pleased. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. What does the woman need to do today? A. Wash the clothes. B. Work overtime. C. Clean her bedroom. 15. Why is the woman busy today? A. To meet the deadline. B. To welcome a relative. C. To play with her friends. 16. Who did some gardening yesterday? A. The woman’s mother. B. The woman’s husband. C. The man’s father. 17. What will the man do for the woman? A. Make a shopping list. B. Take out the trash. C. Buy some goods. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. What made the city Bordeaux wealthy in the past? A. Its trading supported by the port. B. Its great history and culture. C. Its famous wine. 19. How does the speaker suggest people tour the villages? A. By touring bus. B. By car. C. By bike. 20. What can tourists do on a guided tour? A. Go to the locals’ homes. B. Learn the wine-making process. C. Taste wine made hundreds of years ago. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Simons Summer Research Program Established in 1984 as a growth program for local high school students, the Simons Summer Research Program now attracts applicants from all across the country to the Stony Brook campus: Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster. In addition to learning valuable techniques and experiencing life at a major research university, Simons Fellows attend weekly research talks and take part in special workshops, tours and events. At the closing meeting on posters, students are presented with a cash award. Eligibility (资格) ●Students interested in science who have shown independence, creativity and an ability to do hands-on work are especially encouraged to apply. ●Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program. Housing and pining Dinner Projected summer 24 program costs (residential) : $2, 781. 50 (includes $600 Meal Plan and$61. 50 Student Health Services Fee) Residential & Commuter (通勤者) Options: Participants (参与者) may choose to live on campus with other student researchers or to commute. Students who live on campus are typically housed in a double room in a university residence hall, and are responsible for paying their own housing fees before the program start date. Please note that residential students are not allowed to bring a car to campus. 1. What should participants do in the Simons Summer Research Program? A. Decide on their future career. B. Learn about Simons’ history C. Visit their dream colleges. D. Design a research poster. 2. Which of the following is a requirement for the applicants? A. Their age. B. Their residence. C. Their related experiences. D. Their school performance. 3. How much is the housing fee for a residential applicant? A. $2, 781. 50. B. $2, 720. 00. C. $2, 181. 50. D. $2, 120. 00. B At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could. More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison’s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967. “Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I’d keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health. Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia. 4. Why did James Harrison decide to donate blood as regularly as he could? A. Because he wanted to be a celebrity. B. Because his blood is valuable. C. Because he was once saved by the blood donations. D. Because the Rh treatment program in Australia need him. 5. What can we learn about Robyn Barlow? A. He was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease. B. He was deeply moved by Harrison’s donations. C. He was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood. D. He was anxious about Harrison’s retirement as a donor. 6. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Harrison’s influence to the Rh program will still exist after his retirement. B. After Harrison’s retirement, the Rh program will fail. C. Harrison’s retirement will not affect the Rh program. D. A library has been built for the study of Harrison’s DNA. 7. Which word can best describe Harrison? A. Patient. B. Diligent. C. Patriotic. D. Devoted. C Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces “food miles”, that is, the distance food travels to get from the producer to the retailer. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon emissions. Buying local food, therefore, has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. However, the real story is not as simple as that. If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions, we must look at the whole farming process, not just transportation. Other processes, including fertilization, storage, heating and irrigation, contribute much more. In fact, imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food. Take apples for example. In autumn, when apples are harvested, the best option for a British resident is to buy British apples. However, the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses up a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy- efficient to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. Heating also uses a lot of energy, which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain, where the crop grows well in the local climate. We must also take into account the type of transport. Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it. However, only a small proportion of goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high value, perishable items which we cannot produce locally. Even then, these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using manual labour and natural fertilizers, unlike in Britain, where we use oil-based fertilizers and diesel machinery. Therefore, the total carbon footprint is still lower. It’s also worth remembering that a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce. Recently, some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles too. But ultimately, the measures are too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled. 8. Why is importing apples from New Zealand more energy-efficient for British residents in spring? A. It reduces food miles. B. British apples are in short supply. C. New Zealand apples are cheaper. D. British apples have been stored under energy-consuming conditions. 9. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage? A. All imported food has a higher carbon footprint than locally grow n food. B. Beans flown in from Kenya have higher carbon footprints than grown in Britain. C. Transporting food by air always results in a higher carbon footprint than growing local food. D. Only considering food miles is an oversimplified way to assess a food’s environmental impact. 10. The underlined word “negate” in paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. enhance B. ignore C. cancel out D. misunderstand 11. What is the author’s attitude towards buying local food? A. Strongly supportive. B. Completely opposed. C. Cautiously skeptical. D. Somewhat indifferent. D As of 2020, the world's biggest lithium-ion (锂离子) battery is hooked up to the Southern California power grid and can provide 250 million watts of power, or enough to power about 250,000 homes. But it's actually not the biggest battery in the world: these lakes are. Wait - how can a pair of lakes be a battery? To answer that question, it helps to define a battery: it's simply something that stores energy and releases it on demand. The lithium-ion batteries that power our phones, laptops, and cars are just one type. They store energy in lithium ions. How do the two lakes store and release energy? First, one is 300 meters higher than the other. Electricity power pumps that move billions of liters of water from the lower lake to the higher one. This stores the energy by giving the water extra gravitational potential energy. Then, when there's high demand for electricity, valves (阀门) open, releasing the stored energy by letting water flow downhill to power 6 giant turbines that can generate 3 billion watts of power for 10 hours. Unfortunately, neither of the giant batteries we've talked about so far is big enough to power multiple cities. The two lakes setup requires specific geography, takes up a lot of land, and has high upfront costs to build. The giant lithium-ion battery in California can power about 250,000 homes, yes, but only for an hour. Lithium-ion batteries also require certain heavy metals to make. These resources are limited, and mining them causes environmental damage. Inventors all over the world are rising to the challenge of making batteries that can meet our needs - many of them even weirder than the two lakes. 12. Why is the world's biggest lithium-ion battery mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make a comparison. B. To introduce the topic. C. To stress its importance. D. To declare a fact. 13. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. With the help of the pumps, the two lakes store energy. B. The water flow by itself to release the stored energy. C The two lakes setup is able to power multiple cities. D. Lithium-ion batteries are environmentally friendly. 14. What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. Inventors' worries. B. Inventors' efforts. C. Stranger batteries. D. New challenges. 15. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Battery Inventors Face New Challenges. B. The World's Biggest Battery Looks Nothing Like a Battery C. Giant Batteries Fail to Meet Our Needs. D. Newly-invented Batteries. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling, you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait on the end of a fishing pole. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. _____16_____ Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it. _____17_____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plough. But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____18_____ It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. _____19_____ Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. _____20_____ They really are changing the world! A. So what do worms do that is so great? B. Worms have a lifespan of a few months. C. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. D. It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water. E. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. F. Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. G. These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. ____21____, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been____22____ in India since the 1970s. “I was quite ___23___,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue? ” Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking____24____: Africa’s forest elephant population had ____25____by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still___26___by poaching. Over the course of two years, Puri____27____EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that___28___movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and____29____. The software is four times more____30____than the existing most advanced method which uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then _____31_____ to a drone (无人机), and the system _____32_____real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether ____33____ below are humans or elephants. Its ____34____ impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me _____35_____ a more creative thinker.” 21. A. Fortunately B. Currently C. Globally D. Eventually 22. A. cancelled B. expanded C. prohibited D. pronounced 23. A. confused B. shocked C. embarrassed D. interested 24. A. lesson B. level C. scene D. statistic 25. A. risen B. increased C. changed D. declined 26. A. threatened B. caused C. occupied D. defended 27. A. discovered B. recommended C. planned D. created 28. A. analyzes B. compares C. describes D. provides 29. A. parks B. elephants C. species D. images 30. A. complex B. popular C. accurate D. difficult 31. A. accustomed B. attached C. related D. limited 32. A. produces B. shares C. chooses D. collects 33. A. insects B. objects C. pictures D. goals 34. A. ambiguous B. random C. potential D. adventurous 35. A. get into B. break into C. introduce into D. develop into 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spending time in the great outdoors is a full-on sensory experience with endless skies beautiful forests, the sounds of the wind and the warm feeling of sunrays ____36____ (rest) on your face. In addition to nature’s ____37____ (enjoy) sights, sounds and sensations, the familiar smells of nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study found that nature doesn’t just smell good, but ____38____ (it) fragrances make people feel good as well. The researchers from the University of Kent in the UK ____39____ (send) 194 participants to relax in the woodlands throughout the four seasons. The participants reported feeling relaxed when they smelled ____40____ they described as “fresh air” or “earthy” smells. According to the study, these smells brought back fun memories of their childhoods. For instance, pine trees made some participants think about Christmas. “We found that smells affected multiple fields of well-being ____41____ physical well-being discussed most frequently, particularly in relation to relaxation, comfort and rejuvenation,” wrote the researchers in the study. They also found that people feel more settled in a smell-free zone, with this result possibly ____42____ (link) to the absence of bad-smelling urban smells, like pollution. Dr Jessica Fisher, study co-author, pointed out these results could ____43____ (apply) in future practice. In his opinion, when it comes to enjoying a hike in the woods ____44____ a picnic under the open skies, it pays ____45____ (keep) not only one’s eyes and ears, but also one’s nose, open. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你将参加学校组织的以“人工智能”为话题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 人工智能技术的优势和缺点；2. 中学生如何合理使用人工智能技术。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Honorable judges and fellow students， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Okay. I’ll admit it. I can be a complainer. After all, there’s so much in this life to complain about: the dirty clothes that don’t make it into the basket, that annoying neighbor’s loud music, my husband’s shoes left casually at the front door, rainy days, traffic… Complaining is a habit I have developed since childhood, and a skill I have honed (磨练) through the years. My family didn’t seem to mind — they were great complainers, too — though I do recall some eye-rolling and long-drawn sighs from friends and schoolmates when I would voice my negative opinions. In fact, I can distinctly recall the exact moment when I first realized my complaining habit reached its expert level. One day, as I reminded my husband once again to remove his bills from the dining-room table, put his shoes away, and lower that dog-gone radio, he put up his hand. “Stop! Stop your complaining. It’s driving me crazy.” I looked at him blank-eyed. He took a deep breath. “You never hear me complaining, do you?” “Well,” I answered, “you’re complaining about my complaining, so actually, yes, I am hearing you complain right now.” His eyes widened. Sweat formed on his upper lip. Then he grabbed his car keys and ran out the door. Perhaps I’d gone too far, I thought. Maybe I really did complain too much. But, what to do about it? After all, it had been a lifetime habit. And habits are hard to break. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I took a break and sat down to think about solutions. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The benefits of this solution were immediate and obvious. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 CAABC 6-10 BACBC 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度上学期2022级 11月月考英语试卷 考试时间：2024年11月26日 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the man make a call? A. To complain about the delivery service. B. To place an order for a bed. C. To change the delivery time. 2. Where will the meeting be held? A. In Room 402. B. In Room 403. C. In the hall. 3. What does the woman think of physics? A. Complicated. B. Easy. C. Interesting. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Finding new jobs. B. Seeing old friends. C. Organizing a party. 5. What does the woman suggest doing this afternoon? A. Playing computer games. B. Cleaning the house. C. Working in the yard. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At a party. C. In a classroom. 7. What is the man likely to do next? A. Have a conversation with Adela. B. Express his thanks to Peter. C. Leave with Gina. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. How much does the woman pay? A. 25 cents. B. 1 dollar. C. 4 dollars. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Write the final paper. B. Look for a book. C. Attend a literature class. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。 10. What caused the delay of the TV play last week? A. Some other programs. B. Some unknown reasons. C Some problems with the contract. 11. When did the man start to wait for the second season of the TV play? A. A few months ago. B. A month ago. C. A week ago. 12. What kind of programs does the man probably like best? A. Talk shows. B. News programs. C. Talent shows. 13. How does the man sound in the end? A. Pleased. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. What does the woman need to do today? A. Wash the clothes. B. Work overtime. C. Clean her bedroom. 15. Why is the woman busy today? A. To meet the deadline. B. To welcome a relative. C. To play with her friends. 16. Who did some gardening yesterday? A. The woman’s mother. B. The woman’s husband. C. The man’s father. 17 What will the man do for the woman? A. Make a shopping list. B. Take out the trash. C. Buy some goods. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. What made the city Bordeaux wealthy in the past? A. Its trading supported by the port. B. Its great history and culture. C. Its famous wine. 19. How does the speaker suggest people tour the villages? A. By touring bus. B. By car. C. By bike. 20. What can tourists do on a guided tour? A. Go to the locals’ homes. B. Learn the wine-making process. C. Taste wine made hundreds of years ago. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Simons Summer Research Program Established in 1984 as a growth program for local high school students, the Simons Summer Research Program now attracts applicants from all across the country to the Stony Brook campus: Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster. In addition to learning valuable techniques and experiencing life at a major research university, Simons Fellows attend weekly research talks and take part in special workshops, tours and events. At the closing meeting on posters, students are presented with a cash award. Eligibility (资格) ●Students interested in science who have shown independence, creativity and an ability to do hands-on work are especially encouraged to apply. ●Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program. Housing and pining Dinner Projected summer 24 program costs (residential) : $2, 781. 50 (includes $600 Meal Plan and$61. 50 Student Health Services Fee) Residential & Commuter (通勤者) Options: Participants (参与者) may choose to live on campus with other student researchers or to commute. Students who live on campus are typically housed in a double room in a university residence hall, and are responsible for paying their own housing fees before the program start date. Please note that residential students are not allowed to bring a car to campus. 1. What should participants do in the Simons Summer Research Program? A. Decide on their future career. B. Learn about Simons’ history C. Visit their dream colleges. D. Design a research poster. 2. Which of the following is a requirement for the applicants? A. Their age. B. Their residence. C. Their related experiences. D. Their school performance. 3. How much is the housing fee for a residential applicant? A. $2, 781. 50. B. $2, 720. 00. C. $2, 181. 50. D. $2, 120. 00. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了西蒙斯暑期研究项目的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster.(西蒙斯研究员将与石溪分校的研究顾问配对，加入一个研究小组或团队，并承担一个项目的责任。西蒙斯研究员通过制作研究海报来结束他们的项目)”可知，参与者需要设计一个研究海报。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eligibility (资格)部分“Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program.(申请者在申请时必须是高中三年级（11年级），并且在项目开始时必须至少16岁)”可知，参与者有年龄要求。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Housing and pining Dinner部分“Projected summer 24 program costs (residential) : $2, 781. 50(includes $600 Meal Plan and $61. 50 Student Health Services Fee(预计24个夏季项目费用（住宿）：2,781.50美元（包括600美元的膳食计划和61.50美元的学生健康服务费用）)”可知，住宿费除去膳食费用和健康服务费用，即，2,781.50美元—600美元—61.50美元=2120美元。故选D。 B At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could. More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison’s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967. “Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I’d keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health. Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia. 4. Why did James Harrison decide to donate blood as regularly as he could? A. Because he wanted to be a celebrity. B. Because his blood is valuable. C. Because he was once saved by the blood donations. D. Because the Rh treatment program in Australia need him. 5. What can we learn about Robyn Barlow? A. He was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease. B. He was deeply moved by Harrison’s donations. C. He was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood. D. He was anxious about Harrison’s retirement as a donor. 6. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Harrison’s influence to the Rh program will still exist after his retirement. B. After Harrison’s retirement, the Rh program will fail. C. Harrison’s retirement will not affect the Rh program. D. A library has been built for the study of Harrison’s DNA. 7. Which word can best describe Harrison? A. Patient. B. Diligent. C. Patriotic. D. Devoted. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了James Harrison因14岁时接受血捐而获救，决定成年后定期献血，通过近1200次献血拯救了240万婴儿的生命。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.(14岁时，詹姆斯·哈里森做了一次大的胸部手术，手术后他需要13单位（3.4加仑）的血液。献血救了他的命，他决定一旦满18岁，就开始尽可能有规律地献血)”可知，James Harrison决定尽可能频繁地献血是因为他曾经被血液捐赠所拯救。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.”(“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗D免疫球蛋白中都有詹姆斯的贡献，”Rh项目主任罗宾·巴洛告诉《悉尼先驱晨报》。“这是一件了不起的事情。他拯救了成千上万的婴儿。想到这一点我就流泪。”)”可知，Robyn Barlow对Harrison的捐赠行为深深感动。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.( 但哈里森不再献血并不意味着他完全退出了这个行业。科学家们正在收集和编目他的DNA，以建立一个抗体和白细胞库，这可能是澳大利亚抗D项目的未来 )”可知，即使 Harrison退休了，他的影响仍然会通过科学家对他的DNA的研究继续存在。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.(14岁时，詹姆斯·哈里森做了一次大的胸部手术，手术后他需要13单位（3.4加仑）的血液。献血救了他的命，他决定一旦满18岁，就开始尽可能有规律地献血)”以及全文对James Harrison事迹的描述，可以看出他是一个非常有奉献精神的人，他坚持献血超过60年，几乎每周都捐血，帮助了数百万婴儿免于疾病。这些行为体现了他的无私和奉献。因此，最能描述Harrison的词是D选项“Devoted(有奉献精神的)”。故选D。 C Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces “food miles”, that is, the distance food travels to get from the producer to the retailer. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon emissions. Buying local food, therefore, has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. However, the real story is not as simple as that. If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions, we must look at the whole farming process, not just transportation. Other processes, including fertilization, storage, heating and irrigation, contribute much more. In fact, imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food. Take apples for example. In autumn, when apples are harvested, the best option for a British resident is to buy British apples. However, the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses up a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy- efficient to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. Heating also uses a lot of energy, which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain, where the crop grows well in the local climate. We must also take into account the type of transport. Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it. However, only a small proportion of goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high value, perishable items which we cannot produce locally. Even then, these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using manual labour and natural fertilizers, unlike in Britain, where we use oil-based fertilizers and diesel machinery. Therefore, the total carbon footprint is still lower. It’s also worth remembering that a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce. Recently, some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles too. But ultimately, the measures are too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled. 8. Why is importing apples from New Zealand more energy-efficient for British residents in spring? A. It reduces food miles. B. British apples are in short supply. C. New Zealand apples are cheaper. D. British apples have been stored under energy-consuming conditions. 9. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage? A. All imported food has a higher carbon footprint than locally grow n food. B. Beans flown in from Kenya have higher carbon footprints than grown in Britain. C. Transporting food by air always results in a higher carbon footprint than growing local food. D. Only considering food miles is an oversimplified way to assess a food’s environmental impact. 10. The underlined word “negate” in paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. enhance B. ignore C. cancel out D. misunderstand 11. What is the author’s attitude towards buying local food? A. Strongly supportive. B. Completely opposed. C. Cautiously skeptical. D. Somewhat indifferent. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了购买本地食物是否真的更环保这一问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“However, the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses up a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy-efficient to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. (然而，我们在冬季或春季购买的苹果已经冷藏了数月，这会消耗大量能源。因此，在春季，从新西兰进口苹果更节能，因为那里的苹果正当季。)”可知，这两句话明确指出英国在春季时，苹果已被冷藏数月，处于耗能状态，所以从新西兰进口苹果更节能。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions, we must look at the whole farming process, not just transportation. (如果我们的目标是减少碳排放，我们必须考虑整个农业生产过程，而不仅仅是运输。)”以及最后一段中的“Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled. (除了食物运输的距离之外，还有许多不同的因素会影响食物的碳足迹。)”可知，只考虑食物里程来评估食物对环境的影响过于简单，与D选项相符。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“It’s also worth remembering that a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. (同样值得记住的是，产品的旅程并不在超市结束。消费者购买食物所走的距离以及他们使用的交通方式也会增加食物的碳足迹。)”以及“So driving a long way to shop for food (开车很远去购买食物)”可知，所以，会使得购买本地种植产品的任何环境效益都无效。“negate”表示使无效，与“cancel out (抵消)”意思相近。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, the real story is not as simple as that. (然而，实际情况并非如此简单。)”以及文章第五段“It’s also worth remembering that a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. The distance consumers travel to buy their food, and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint. (同样值得记住的是，产品的旅程并不在超市结束。消费者购买食物所走的距离以及他们使用的交通方式也会增加食物的碳足迹。)”及全文可知，文章通过分析不同因素对食物碳足迹的影响，可以看出作者的谨慎怀疑态度。故选C。 D As of 2020, the world's biggest lithium-ion (锂离子) battery is hooked up to the Southern California power grid and can provide 250 million watts of power, or enough to power about 250,000 homes. But it's actually not the biggest battery in the world: these lakes are. Wait - how can a pair of lakes be a battery? To answer that question, it helps to define a battery: it's simply something that stores energy and releases it on demand. The lithium-ion batteries that power our phones, laptops, and cars are just one type. They store energy in lithium ions. How do the two lakes store and release energy? First, one is 300 meters higher than the other. Electricity power pumps that move billions of liters of water from the lower lake to the higher one. This stores the energy by giving the water extra gravitational potential energy. Then, when there's high demand for electricity, valves (阀门) open, releasing the stored energy by letting water flow downhill to power 6 giant turbines that can generate 3 billion watts of power for 10 hours. Unfortunately, neither of the giant batteries we've talked about so far is big enough to power multiple cities. The two lakes setup requires specific geography, takes up a lot of land, and has high upfront costs to build. The giant lithium-ion battery in California can power about 250,000 homes, yes, but only for an hour. Lithium-ion batteries also require certain heavy metals to make. These resources are limited, and mining them causes environmental damage. Inventors all over the world are rising to the challenge of making batteries that can meet our needs - many of them even weirder than the two lakes. 12. Why is the world's biggest lithium-ion battery mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make a comparison. B. To introduce the topic. C. To stress its importance. D. To declare a fact. 13. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. With the help of the pumps the two lakes store energy. B. The water flow by itself to release the stored energy. C. The two lakes setup is able to power multiple cities. D. Lithium-ion batteries are environmentally friendly. 14. What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. Inventors' worries. B. Inventors' efforts. C. Stranger batteries. D. New challenges. 15. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Battery Inventors Face New Challenges. B. The World's Biggest Battery Looks Nothing Like a Battery C. Giant Batteries Fail to Meet Our Needs. D. Newly-invented Batteries. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最大的电池——湖泊构成的电池，并介绍了一些原理，提出一些要解决的问题。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But it's actually not the biggest battery in the world: these lakes are.(但是这实际上并不是世界上最大的电池：这些湖泊才是)”以及第二段第一句“Wait - how can a pair of lakes be a battery?(等等——一对湖泊怎么能是一个电池呢)”可知，第一段提到最大的锂电池的目的是为了引出下文要介绍的话题。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“How do the two lakes store and release energy? First, one is 300 meters higher than the other. Electricity power pumps that move billions of liters of water from the lower lake to the higher one. This stores the energy by giving the water extra gravitational potential energy.(这两个湖泊怎么储存和释放电力呢？首先，其中一个湖泊比另外一个高300米。电力泵装置将数十亿升的水从下游湖泊抽到上游湖泊。这个装置通过给水额外的重力位能量来储存能量)”可知，在电力泵的帮助下，湖泊储存能量。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Inventors all over the world are rising to the challenge of making batteries that can meet our needs - many of them even weirder than the two lakes.(全世界各地的发明家们正在迎接挑战，制造能够满足我们需求的电池——其中很多电池比两个湖构成的电池更奇怪)”可知，接下来要介绍一些更奇怪的电池。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But it's actually not the biggest battery in the world: these lakes are.(但是这实际上并不是世界上最大的电池：这些湖泊才是)”以及第二段句首“Wait - how can a pair of lakes be a battery?(等等——一对湖泊怎么能是一个电池呢？)”和第三段句首“How do the two lakes store and release energy?(这两个湖泊是怎么储存和释放电能的)”可知，本文主要讲述世界上最大的、看起来一点也不像电池的湖泊电池。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling, you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait on the end of a fishing pole. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. _____16_____ Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it. _____17_____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plough. But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____18_____ It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. _____19_____ Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. _____20_____ They really are changing the world! A. So, what do worms do that is so great? B. Worms have a lifespan of a few months. C. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. D. It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water. E. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. F. Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. G. These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不起眼的蠕虫实际上是我们需要的英雄，它们可以疏松土壤，更快地分解难以降解的塑料，甚至为建筑行业提供灵感。 【16题详解】 上文“The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions.(英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文说，没有其他动物“在世界历史上扮演过像这些低等组织生物这样重要的角色”。它们在地球上生活了6亿年，甚至在五次大灭绝中幸存下来)”引用达尔文的话，强调蠕虫的重要性，并提到蠕虫顽强的生存能力，后文段落介绍蠕虫的奇特之处。因此A项“那么，蠕虫有什么了不起的地方呢？”符合语境，承接前文，以问题的形式引出对蠕虫了不起之处的探究，引出后文的具体介绍。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it.(蚯蚓可以移动土地，这就是为什么农民喜欢它们。在移动过程中，它们通过松动、混合和充氧使土壤透气)”介绍蚯蚓帮助松动土壤，让土壤透气。因此D项“这增加了地面蓄水和排水的能力”符合语境，指出松土、让土壤透气对地面蓄水和排水方面的帮助，承接前文。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating.(2022年，Margarita Salas生物研究中心的一组科学家从蜡虫唾液中分离出了能“吃”塑料的酶)”提到科学家们从蜡虫中分离出了能分解塑料的酶。因此G项“它们可以分解一种很常见的塑料，这种塑料通常需要很多年才能分解”符合语境，介绍这种酶的巨大作用，承接前文，其中These指代前文的enzymes。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处位于段首，应该是段落中心句，和前面两个段落并列，继续介绍蠕虫的大作用。后文“Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete.(加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的科学家们一直在研究它们的下颚，它们的下颚由10%的铜蛋白质组成，非常坚固，可以维持这种蠕虫整整五年的寿命。由于这项研究，工程师们可能会开始使用颚作为设计和制造混凝土等材料的灵感)”主要介绍通过研究这种下颚，工程师们得到一些建筑方面的灵感。因此C项“(蠕虫甚至给建筑行业带来了灵感)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据后文“They really are changing the world!(它们真的在改变世界！)”可知，后文提到了虫子在改变世界，推测本句是针对如何对待虫子进行建议。故E选项“所以，下次你看到虫子的时候，给它一点尊重”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. ____21____, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been____22____ in India since the 1970s. “I was quite ___23___,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue? ” Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking____24____: Africa’s forest elephant population had ____25____by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still___26___by poaching. Over the course of two years, Puri____27____EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that___28___movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and____29____. The software is four times more____30____than the existing most advanced method which uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then _____31_____ to a drone (无人机), and the system _____32_____real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether ____33____ below are humans or elephants. Its ____34____ impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me _____35_____ a more creative thinker.” 21. A. Fortunately B. Currently C. Globally D. Eventually 22. A. cancelled B. expanded C. prohibited D. pronounced 23. A. confused B. shocked C. embarrassed D. interested 24. A. lesson B. level C. scene D. statistic 25. A. risen B. increased C. changed D. declined 26. A. threatened B. caused C. occupied D. defended 27. A. discovered B. recommended C. planned D. created 28. A. analyzes B. compares C. describes D. provides 29. A. parks B. elephants C. species D. images 30. A. complex B. popular C. accurate D. difficult 31 A. accustomed B. attached C. related D. limited 32. A. produces B. shares C. chooses D. collects 33. A. insects B. objects C. pictures D. goals 34. A. ambiguous B. random C. potential D. adventurous 35. A. get into B. break into C. introduce into D. develop into 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Currently目前；C. Globally全球地；D. Eventually最后。根据前文的“When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”可知，几年前，当安妮卡·普里和家人一起去印度旅行时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，她之所以惊讶是因为在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. cancelled取消；B. expanded膨胀，扩张；C. prohibited禁用；D. pronounced发音。根据前文的“ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years”和“in India since the 1970s.”可知，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，所以可推知自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我非常震惊，”这位17岁的少年回忆道。A. confused困惑的；B. shocked震惊的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文的“she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”和后文的“Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue?”可知，偷猎是非法的，她发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，所以她非常震惊。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%。A. lesson课程；B. level等级；C. scene场景；D. statistic统计数据。根据后文的“Africa’s forest elephant population had _____5_____by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.”可知，2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%，这些是令人震惊的统计数据。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。A. risen上升；B. increased增加；C. changed改变；D. declined减少，下降。根据后文的“by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop.”可知，数年后，这一数字继续下降，可知此处说的是非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里是一名野生动物爱好者，他想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种，以及其他可能因偷猎而受到威胁的物种。A. threatened威胁；B. caused引起；C. occupied占用；D. defended保卫，防御。根据后文的“by poaching”可知，普里想保护因偷猎而受到威胁的物种。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. discovered发现；B. recommended推荐；C. planned计划；D. created创建，创造。根据后文的“EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software”可知，EISa，这款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，是普里创造的。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. analyzes分析；B. compares比较；C. describes描述；D. provides提供。根据后文的“movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and_____9_____. ”可知，这款软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. parks公园；B. elephants大象；C. species物种；D. images图像。根据后文的“the system_____12_____real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether_____13_____below are humans or elephants. ”可知，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象，所以EISa可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该软件比目前最先进的产品——售价250美元、分辨率为206 *的FLIRONE Pro热像仪(插入现成的iPhone 6上)——精确四倍。A. complex复杂的；B. popular流行的；C. accurate准确的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文的“the existing most advanced uses a $250 FLIRONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.”可知，该软件非常先进，分辨率高，可推知该软件比现有最先进的检测方法精确四倍。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。A. accustomed使习惯；B. attached附在……上，固定……上；C. related把……联系起来；D. limited限制。根据前文的“The camera and iPhone are then”和后文“to a drone”可知，将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. produces产生；B. shares分享；C. chooses选择；D. collects收集。根据后文的“real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether_____13_____below are humans or elephants. ”可知，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhone固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. insects昆虫；B. objects物体；C. pictures图片；D. goals目标。根据后文的“below are humans or elephants”可知，人和大象都是物体，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它对社会的潜在影响为她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。A. ambiguous模棱两可的；B. random任意的，随机的；C. potential潜在的；D. adventurous冒险的。根据下文的“earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication.”可知，对社会的潜在影响为她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它帮助我发展成为一个更有创造力的发明家。A. get into进入；B. break into闯入；C. introduce into引入；D. develop into发展成。根据后文的“a more creative thinker”可知，Anika Puri通过研究发展成为一个更有创造力的发明家。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spending time in the great outdoors is a full-on sensory experience with endless skies, beautiful forests, the sounds of the wind and the warm feeling of sunrays ____36____ (rest) on your face. In addition to nature’s ____37____ (enjoy) sights, sounds and sensations, the familiar smells of nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study found that nature doesn’t just smell good, but ____38____ (it) fragrances make people feel good as well. The researchers from the University of Kent in the UK ____39____ (send) 194 participants to relax in the woodlands throughout the four seasons. The participants reported feeling relaxed when they smelled ____40____ they described as “fresh air” or “earthy” smells. According to the study, these smells brought back fun memories of their childhoods. For instance, pine trees made some participants think about Christmas. “We found that smells affected multiple fields of well-being ____41____ physical well-being discussed most frequently, particularly in relation to relaxation, comfort and rejuvenation,” wrote the researchers in the study. They also found that people feel more settled in a smell-free zone, with this result possibly ____42____ (link) to the absence of bad-smelling urban smells, like pollution. Dr Jessica Fisher, study co-author, pointed out these results could ____43____ (apply) in future practice. In his opinion, when it comes to enjoying a hike in the woods ____44____ a picnic under the open skies, it pays ____45____ (keep) not only one’s eyes and ears, but also one’s nose, open. 【答案】36. resting 37. enjoyable 38. its 39. sent 40. what 41. with 42. linked 43. be applied 44. or 45. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间在户外是一种全方位的感官体验，无尽的天空，美丽的森林，风的声音和温暖的阳光照在你的脸上。rest与sunrays是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填resting。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了大自然令人愉快的景象、声音和感觉之外，大自然熟悉的气味也同样具有吸引力。此处修饰sights, sounds and sensations，应用形容词enjoyable“令人愉快的”，作定语。故填enjoyable。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：事实上，最近的一项研究发现，大自然不仅闻起来很香，而且它的香味也让人感觉很好。此处修饰名词fragrances，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：来自英国肯特大学的研究人员让194名参与者在一年四季都在森林里放松。根据下一句中的“The participants reported. . . ”可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填sent。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：参与者报告说，当他们闻到他们所说的“新鲜空气”或“泥土”气味时，他们感到放松。此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作described的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，表“什么”。故填what。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：“我们发现，气味会影响多个健康领域，其中身体健康是最常被讨论的，特别是与放松、舒适和恢复活力有关的方面，”研究人员在研究中写道。此处是with+宾语+过去分词构成的复合结构。故填with。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还发现，人们在没有气味的地方感觉更安定，这种结果可能与没有城市难闻的气味有关，比如污染。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构作状语，link和宾语this result之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填linked。 43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：该研究的合著者Jessica Fisher博士指出，这些结果可以应用于未来的实践。these results与apply是动宾关系，应用被动语态；情态动词could后接动词原形。故填be applied。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：在他看来，当谈到在树林里徒步旅行或在开阔的天空下野餐时，不仅要睁大眼睛和耳朵，还要睁大鼻子，这是值得的。a hike in the woods与a picnic under the open skies是二选一关系，应用并列连词or，表“或者”。故填or。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定句型It pays to do sth.“值得做某事”。故填to keep。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你将参加学校组织的以“人工智能”为话题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 人工智能技术的优势和缺点；2. 中学生如何合理使用人工智能技术。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Honorable judges and fellow students， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Honorable judges and fellow students, It’s my distinct pleasure and honor to share my perspective on the responsible and intelligent use of artificial intelligence. Generally speaking, there are numerous advantages of AI, such as processing information at lightning speed and assisting us in complex tasks, thus enhancing our ability to learn and grow. Nevertheless, as we embrace these advancements, it is crucial to be aware of the potential downsides. For instance, over-reliance on AI can lead to a decrease in our ability to innovate and think critically. In conclusion, as a student, it is imperative that we approach AI with caution and wisdom. Only in this way can we reap its benefits while minimizing any potential downsides. That’s all. Thank you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，讲述人工智能技术的优势和缺点，以及中学生如何合理使用人工智能技术。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 一般来说：generally speaking→in general 许多：numerous→many/a lot of 复杂的：complex→complicated 导致：lead to→cause 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Nevertheless, as we embrace these advancements, it is crucial to be aware of the potential downsides. 拓展句：Nevertheless, as we embrace these advancements, it is crucial that we should be aware of the potential downsides. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Generally speaking, there are numerous advantages of AI, such as processing information at lightning speed and assisting us in complex tasks, thus enhancing our ability to learn and grow.(使用了there be句型、动名词短语作宾语、现在分词作结果状语、不定式作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Only in this way can we reap its benefits while minimizing any potential downsides. (使用了“only+介词短语”位于句首的倒装结构、while时间状语从句使用了省略结构) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Okay. I’ll admit it. I can be a complainer. After all, there’s so much in this life to complain about: the dirty clothes that don’t make it into the basket, that annoying neighbor’s loud music, my husband’s shoes left casually at the front door, rainy days, traffic… Complaining is a habit I have developed since childhood, and a skill I have honed (磨练) through the years. My family didn’t seem to mind — they were great complainers, too — though I do recall some eye-rolling and long-drawn sighs from friends and schoolmates when I would voice my negative opinions. In fact, I can distinctly recall the exact moment when I first realized my complaining habit reached its expert level. One day, as I reminded my husband once again to remove his bills from the dining-room table, put his shoes away, and lower that dog-gone radio, he put up his hand. “Stop! Stop your complaining. It’s driving me crazy.” I looked at him blank-eyed. He took a deep breath. “You never hear me complaining, do you?” “Well,” I answered, “you’re complaining about my complaining, so actually, yes, I am hearing you complain right now.” His eyes widened. Sweat formed on his upper lip. Then he grabbed his car keys and ran out the door. Perhaps I’d gone too far, I thought. Maybe I really did complain too much. But, what to do about it? After all, it had been a lifetime habit. And habits are hard to break. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I took a break and sat down to think about solutions. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The benefits of this solution were immediate and obvious. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I took a break and sat down to think about solutions. When I felt annoyed, I could lock myself in the bathroom and scream. No. The neighbors would probably hear me. Phone a friend? She probably wouldn’t be a friend for very long. Then it hit me. I’d been in the habit of keeping a journal for most of my life. Journaling kept me sort of honest with myself, and I liked it for that reason. Perhaps, I thought, a complaint journal might be the answer I was seeking. Each time I found myself feeling the urge to voice anger, I wrote it in my complaint journal. It felt so good and free to say exactly what was on my mind without anyone judging me or my thoughts. The benefits of this solution were immediate and obvious. Without fear of quarrel, my generally silent and cautious husband opened up to me more. Old friendships became deeper, and new friendships appeared. Neighbors became more neighborly. Overall, I started to just feel better happier and less stressed. When I look back on some of my initial journals, I have to laugh out loud. Some of my complaints appear truly ridiculous. I still keep that journal, though. Those few moments each day when I can sit down, take a break from the pressures of the day and free myself of whatever is bothering me made a big difference for the better in my life. And, if you ask my husband, probably in his life, too. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了作者本人是一个惯性抱怨者，并且这一习惯是小时候就培养起来的。但是，通过写“抱怨日记”，她成功改变了这一习惯，变得更加积极和幸福。抱怨日记让她有了发泄的方式，也让她意识到她的一些抱怨是多余的，因此她开始更加快乐和不那么紧张。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由续写第一段首句“我休息了一下，坐下来思考解决方案。”可知，第一段可描写作者把自己锁在屋里面宣泄愤怒，最后作者选着把所有的抱怨写进日志里面，这里也让作者感觉好受多了。 ②由第二段首句“这一解决方案的好处是立竿见影的。”可知，第二段可描写作者和丈夫的关系得到了缓和，与邻居也建立了新的友谊，作者很感谢日记给自己带来的改变。 2.续写线索：躲在屋里宣泄——把愤怒写在日记本上——心情开始好转——和丈夫和邻居的关系变得更融洽——作者感谢日记给自己带来的改变 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大叫： scream/cry/yell/cry out ②出现：appear /turn up/show up ③评价：judge/evaluate/assess 情绪类 ①生气的： annoyed/angry/cross ②快乐的：happy/delighted /glad 【点睛】[高分句型1]Perhaps, I thought, a complaint journal might be the answer I was seeking.（运用了省略关系代词引导的限定性定语从句） [高分句型2]It felt so good and free to say exactly what was on my mind without anyone judging me or my thoughts.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3]When I look back on some of my initial journals, I have to laugh out loud. （运用when引导的时间状语从句） 听力答案：1-5 CAABC 6-10 BACBC 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$