专题05 易错考点5&非谓语动词 &写作指导5-【寒假自学课】2025年八年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版）

专题05 易错考点5&非谓语动词 &写作指导5 考点聚焦：核心考点+语法考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点专攻，能力提升 学以致用：提升专练，全面突破 目录 词汇核心考点 3 考点1.catch的用法 3 考点2.invite的用法 3 考点3.辨析hear from、hear of与hear about 4 考点4.advise的用法 4 考点5.surprise的用法 5 考点6.experience的用法 6 语法核心考点 6 01 考标导向化 6 02 概念清晰化 6 考点一 动词不定式 7 1.不定式作宾语 7 2.不定式作宾语补足语 7 3.不定式作定语 8 4.动词不定式作主语 8 考点二 动词-ing形式 8 考点三 动词的过去分词 10 写作核心考点 12 词汇核心考点 考点1.catch的用法 1.My deskmate caught the school bus this morning, but I missed it and was late for school. 2.There is a train in now. If you run, you'll just catch it. catch是一个高频动词,主要用法如下: 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.My younger brother always gets up early in order to 　 　(赶上) the early bus.  2.He 　 　(接住) the falling plate just now.  3.These paintings 　 　(吸引) my eye yesterday.  4.I can't 　 　(领会) the teacher's words.  5.Tom 　 　(患病) a cold yesterday.  6.Hurry up, or you can't 　 　(赶上) the train.  考点2.invite的用法 —I heard from Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter. —Do we accept his invitation? We haven't met him for 3 years. 按要求完成下列练习。 1.They've invited us　 　(go) over to their place and stay for the weekend.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.Thank you for your　 　(invite), which I am very pleased to accept. (用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.There was an 　 　(invite) smell coming from the kitchen.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  4.今年暑假我将在朋友的邀请下参观北京。(翻译句子) 考点3.辨析hear from、hear of与hear about Have you heard of Oliver Twist or Peter Pan? 词汇 含义与用法 hear from 意为“收到……的来信”,宾语是人 hear of 意为“听说;听到”,指偶然听说,后接人/物 hear about 意为“洞悉;了解到”,侧重于指了解详细情况,后接的内容比hear of后的内容具体一些,有时两者可换用,意义相同 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我听说了关于你在英语方面取得了很大进步的好消息。 I 　 　 the good news that you made great progress in English.  2.我们不认识那位歌唱家,但我们听说过她。 We don't know the singer, but we 　 　her.  3.谢谢您,先生!我希望尽快收到您的答复。 Thank you, sir!I hope to 　 　.  考点4.advise的用法 They would look at all the technologies a person could use and advise on the best ones and how to get the most out of them. 动词advise的常见搭配名词advice的常见搭配 ①advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事” ②advise sb.(not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事” ③advise that sb. (should)do sth.意为“建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)”①a piece of advice 意为“一则建议” ②ask sb. for advice 意为“向某人寻求建议” ③give sb. advice on sth.意为“就某事给某人建议” ④follow one's advice 意为“听取某人的建议” 拓展　辨析advice与suggestion advice为不可数名词,不能直接和数词连用,而suggestion为可数名词。如:three pieces of advice = three suggestions 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 1.我建议你每天喝足量的水。 I advise you to 　 　 　 　 　 　 every day.  2.他被建议不要熬夜。 He was advised 　 　 　 　 　 　 up late.  3.我们经常向老师寻求建议。 We often 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  4.他们就如何学习英语给出了一些建议。 They gave some advice on 　 　 　 　 　 　 English.  5.请遵循医生的建议。 Please 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  考点5.surprise的用法 To our surprise, he won the running race! He used to be a slow runner. surprise (n.) 惊奇;惊 讶的事 in surprise惊奇地 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 a surprise一个惊喜 surprise (vt.) 使惊讶 surprising (adj.) 令人惊讶的 surprised (adj.) 感到惊讶的 be surprised at... 对……感到吃惊 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.Mary didn't tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a 　 　(惊喜).  2.Nora opened the box. 　 　(令她吃惊的是), inside it was a gold watch.  3.I'm 　 　(感到惊讶的) at the news.  考点6.experience的用法 Through these activities, we can really relax ourselves and experience the joy of sports. experience(n.) 经历 (可数 名词) Being a volunteer is an unusual experience to me.成为志愿者对我来说是一次不同寻常的经历。 experience(n.) 经验 (不可数 名词) He has a lot of experience in English teaching.他在英语教学方面有丰富的经验。 experience(v.) 经历;遭受 (及物 动词) Last year, we experienced a lot of things.去年,我们经历了许多事情。 experienced作形容词,意为“有经验的”。例如: Miss Qin is experienced in teaching.秦老师在教学方面是有经验的。 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。 1.—What do you think of the summer camp? —It is a great 　 　(体验) for students. It is good to help them grow up.  2.The 　 　(有经验的) teacher taught three hundred lessons last year.  语法核心考点 非谓语动词 01 考标导向化 近几年对非谓语动词的考查主要是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语，动名词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，及个别分词的用法。预计年中考对非谓语动词的考查，不定式仍是考查的热点。我们应该牢固掌握一些动词固定搭配的用法。 02 概念清晰化 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 ( 考点一 动词不定式 ) 功能 例句 主语 To speak English well isn’t an easy job. 宾语 They decided to change their mind. 宾语补足语 He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day. 定语 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. 状语 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise. 结果 He returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside. 1.不定式作宾语 (1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看一场电影吗? (2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如： I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 (3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式： why not do…，had better(not) do…，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do… I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 2.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他将收音机的音量调低。 tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： The boss made them work the whole night.老板让他们工作了一整夜。 3.不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 (2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 特殊结构的不定式 结构 例句 too…to结构 She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. not+不定式 The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road. 疑问词+不定式 作主语 How to solve the problem is very important. 作宾语 He didn’t know what to say. 作表语 The question is where to find the water. for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is necessary for us to learn from each other. of+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 1.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful. →It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉学生要做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go=where he should go) ( 考点二 动词 - ing形式 ) 功能 例句 主语 Skating on the thin ice is dangerous. 宾语 I finished doing my homework. 表语 The nurse’s job is looking after the patients. 定语 She is reading in the reading room. 宾语补足语 He kept the machine running for ten hours. 状语 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),be worth(值得),be busy(忙于),practice(练习),have fun(玩得高兴),feel like(想要),be used to(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)。 2.主语+ be + happy(glad, pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready等)+to do sth.如： I’m glad to see you again.我很高兴再次见到你。 I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。 3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析： (1)stop doing/stop to do stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事 (2)forget doing/forget to do forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做) forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做) (3)remember doing/remember to do remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) remember to do sth.记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)try doing/try to do try doing sth.尝试着去做某事 try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 (5)go on doing/go on to do go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情 go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事 (6)allow doing sth./allow sb.to do sth. allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 (7)regret doing/regret to do regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做) regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) (8)mean doing/mean to do mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算、想做某事 ( 考点三 动词的过去分词 ) 功能 例句 表语 The door remained locked. 定语 The building built last year is now a department store. 宾语补足语 I heard my name called. 状语 Heated water changes into steam. 英语中过去分词可作宾补(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态) 1.过去分词用在get,have,make 的后面。 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况： A)表示“让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做”。如： I have had my bike repaired.我已经请人把我的自行车修好了。 B)表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受……影响，蒙受……损失”。如： I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月在公汽上我的钱包被偷了。 2.“make+宾语+过去分词”,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高声音目的是让我自己被听见。 3.过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,find等后面。如： When we got to school,we saw the door locked.到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。 4.过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.那个小偷被带了进来，他的手被绑在背后。 5.过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别: 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系，其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。如： He didn’t notice me waiting.他没有注意到我正在等。 I heard the song sung in English.我听见这首歌被用英语唱了。 I saw him opening the window.我看见他正在开窗户。 I saw the window opened.我看见窗户被开了。 I saw him open the window.我看见他开了窗户。 I heard her sing the song in English.我听见她用英语唱了这首歌。 一.单项选择。 1．— How about going hiking this weekend? — Sorry. I prefer ______ rather than ______. A．to stay at home；go out B．to go out；stay at home C．staying at home；go out D．going out；stay at home 2．— Could you tell me how to improve spoken English? — Well, just take every chance to practice ______ and don’t be shy. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking D．spoke 3. He pretended ______ me when he walked by. A．not see B．not to see C．don't see D．to not see 4．Listen! There must be someone ______ through the jungle. A．trek B．treking C．trekking D. to trek 5．She writes slowly so she has trouble ______ notes in class. A．taken B．taking C．to take D. took 6．My English teacher is easy ______ so we all like her. A．to get along with B. get along with C．to get along D. getting along with 7． Peter is busy ________ at school，but he never forgets ________ exercise every day． A．working；doing B．working；to do C．at work；doing 8．I saw a UFO ________ on the square in my dream． A．to drop B．land C．wear D．to fly 9．Tom’s mother asked him ________ some washing after dinner． A．to do B．does C．do D．did 10．—Do you like playing the piano? —Yes，but I don’t know ________ play it well． A．what B．how C．what to D．how to 11． He made some toys ________ his little son． A．please B．to please C．pleasing D．pleased 12．Teenagers should not ______. A．allowed to drive B．be allow to driving C．be allowed driving D．be allowed to drive 13．I’m very ______ and I really need an ______ vacation. A．tired, exciting B．tired, excited C．tiring, exciting D．tiring, excited 14．He's very good at English. He spends most of his free time ______ new words. A．remember B．remembering C．remembers D．remembered 15．— When are you leaving for the concert? — I'm not sure. I haven't finished ______ the dishes. A．Do B．to do C．doing D．done 16．— Why did you buy a radio? — ______ English. A．Learn B．Learning C．To learn D．Be learning 17．The best way to learn English is ______ you ______ in an English-speaking environment. A．let; live B．to let; to live C．letting; living D．to let, live 18．The boy is often seen ______ play basketball after school. A．play B．to play C．to playing D．played 二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Jenny saw a wallet ______（lie）on the ground. 2. The heavy snow stopped them from______(go)out for a walk the day before yesterday. 3. Don’t you hear someone ______(sing) in the next room? 4. The little girl really feels like_______(eat)eggs. 5. Keep ______(try).You are sure to get a good result. 6. Lily finished ______(read) the book yesterday. 7. Mr Lee made us ______(laugh) 8. —The children should be told _____(not break) the traffic rules. —That’s right. 9. He found it hard ____(catch) up with his classmates ,because all his classmates worked very hard. 10. This is the best way _____(work) out this problem. 写作核心考点 围绕“学生在遇到问题”这一话题展开讨论。在运用if 引导的条件状语从句时要恰当地使用时态，使文章符合逻辑、条理清晰。在写作时要注意所叙述的事情发生条件及产生结果的顺序。 二、写作技巧： 常用短语：try one’s best to do ; in trouble ; give …to …; travel around the world; have a great time. 常用句型：I think I am going to … I think I will … If you do , you will … What will happen if they ….? Don’t … if … If you don’t…, you can’t …. 三、写作运用： 很多学生在遇到问题时,不知道如何与父母交流。请根据思维导图中的提示,以"Ways to talk with parents"为题,写一篇80词左右的短文(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 要求:1.短文应包括提示中所有要点,可适当进行拓展; 2.文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 Ways to talk with parents Many students may meet problems in everyday life. And they may ask their parents for help. What are the good ways to talk with parents? 一 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.Everyone should r　　　　 to smoke because it is bad for our health.  2.My mother promised to take me to the Great Wall if I did well in the　　　　(考试).   3.In the United States, more than 10,000 people have died of the　　　　(流感).   4.Our school 　　　　(邀请) several heroes to the graduation ceremony last year. 5.Are you a　　　? I want to watch the movie The Wandering Earth (《流浪地球》) with you.  1.When do you usually take piano classes, on w　　　　 or weekends?  2.Our city looks much more beautiful at night than in the d　　　　.  3.Your article is too long. Please 　　　　(删除) some words.  4.I received an 　　　(邀请) to a party.  5.We’re very 　　　(难过的)that she’s leaving.  二.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.他直到下周三才会离开。 He 　　　leaving 　　　next Wednesday.  2.昨天他们邀请我和他们一起去巴黎。 They 　　　me 　　　 　　　to Paris with them yesterday.  3.你不必担心钱的问题,我可以借一些钱给你。 You 　　　 　　　 　　　 worry about money;I can lend some money to you.  4.现在我们正在为我们的学校运动会做准备。 We 　　　 　　　 　　　 our school sports meeting now.  5.我今天太忙了,咱们其他时间去商店吧。 I’m too busy today. Let’s go to the shop 　　　 　　　.  6.我们的老师正在教我们如何删除电脑中的文件。 Our teacher is teaching us ______ ______ 　 files from the computer.  7.学生们盼望着过一个自由的假期。 Students are______ ______ to having a free holiday.  8.昨天我收到了笔友的来信。 Yesterday I______ ______ my penfriend.  9.前天我在街上遇见了我的一个朋友,他热情地向我打招呼。 I met a friend of mine in the street ______ ______ ______ ______ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and he greeted me warmly.   10.后天就是周末了。你能和我一起旅行吗? The day______ ______ is the weekend. Can you take a 　　　with me?  三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.It’s Wednesday the day after tomorrow. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ is it the day after tomorrow?  2.Do you have time today, Karl? (改为同义句) 　　　　 you 　　　　today, Karl?  3.Does Zhang Juan have to go to school now? (改为陈述句) Zhang Juan ______ ______ go to school now.  4.I can’t hear you well. Please say it louder. (保持句意基本不变) Please say it louder ______ ______ I can hear you well.  5.They can come to our school on Tuesday.(对画线部分提问)  ______ ______ they come to your school?  二 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.My parents had a wonderful t　　　 last month.  2.She lived a 　　　(正常的)and happy life with her father and mother.  3.His son spent 1,000 yuan on the computer games, so he is very a　　　 now.  4.Although the girl is poor, she wants to buy a fashionable 　　　(钱包).  5.Ma Lin is a clever student. I think he can s　　　 the problem. Please believe in him.  6.You must be c　　　 when you cross the busy street, Lucy.  7.He is upset because he lost his 　　　(钱包). And now he has no money.  8.Don’t be 　　　　(难过的) now. You can try another time.  9.The school 　　　(日历) tells us the date of the school⁃leavers’ party.  10We can’t live w　　　 water or air.  二.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.I can’t find my 　　　(video). Where are they?  2.We should have a 　　　(meet) to discuss the problem.  3.Please 　　　　(trust) your kid;he is a good boy.  4.I’m looking forward to 　　　(hear)from you soon.  5.Thanks a lot for your　　　(invite) to the Christmas party.  三．根据汉语意思完成句子 ，每空一词 1.如果我不去医院,会发生什么? 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 if I don’t go to the hospital?  2.我在八点有个会,因此我必须坐出租车去那儿。 I have a 　　　　at eight, so I must go there 　　　　 　　　　.  3.如果你不戴口罩,你就不会被允许上公共汽车。 If you 　　　　 　　　　 a mask, you will not be allowed to get on the bus.   4.如果你去参加聚会,你将会玩得开心。 If you go to the party, you’ll　　　　 　　　　.  5.你能给我一些有关唱歌的建议吗? Can you 　　　　me 　　　　 　　　　 on singing?  6.她犯了一些错误,因此她没有赢得冠军。 She didn’t win the championship because she made ______ ______ 　　　.  7.我认为黄文秀是最棒的,她的经历值得学习。 I think Huang Wenxiu is the best. ______ 　　　is worth learning.  8.我可以用尺子把香蕉切成两半。 I can cut the banana ______ 　　　using the ruler.  9.她希望我们可以一直保守这个秘密。 She hopes we can 　　　　it______ 　　　 all the time.  10.你务必要小心,这一步很重要。 You must ______ 　　　. This step is very important.  三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.An accident will happen if you drive carelessly. (对画线部分提问)  　　　 　　　happen if you drive carelessly?  2如果乘公交车去机场的话,我会错过我的航班。 If I　　　 the bus to the airport, I’ll　　　 my flight.  3.He asked me to go to Hefei with him. (改为否定句) He asked me 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to Hefei with him.  4. It won’t rain. I will go to the park. (合并为一句) If it______ rain, I_______ go to the park. 5. The programme is so boring that many people don’t like it.(改为主从复合句) The programme is_______a boring one _______ many people don’t like it. 真题感知 一．完形填空 （23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末） Paca is a frog. Her life changed when she saw a singer’s long hair on TV for the first time. It made the singer look so different from others. She 1 the long hair. “Oh! I want something like that. Something that makes me 2 ,” Paca said to herself. Paca didn’t know that frogs don’t have 3 . She thought that maybe she could 4 her own hair by singing. She began to sing everywhere she went. She went to towns and cities, to the sea and mountains 5 one day she sang in a barber shop (理发店). While Paca was singing, the hairdresser was cutting someone’s hair. Some hair 6 Paca’s head. After seeing her new hair, Paca thought that her dream was going to 7 . In her excitement, she sang so 8 that she woke up the hairdresser’s cat. The cat thought Paca was a 9 and caught her. But after touching Paca’s cold and slippery (湿滑的) skin, the cat found that Paca was not a mouse and let her 10 .  At that moment Paca learned that she should just try to be herself. 1．A．loved B．missed C．cared D．kept 2．A．human B．special C．large D．common 3．A．TV B．voice C．hair D．friends 4．A．grow B．make C．cut D．take 5．A．when B．because C．or D．until 6．A．put on B．fell on C．turned on D．got on 7．A．come true B．come out C．come down D．come off 8．A．sadly B．beautifully C．slowly D．loudly 9．A．frog B．guest C．mouse D．cat 10．A．die B．go C．sing D．jump 二．语法填空 （23-24八年级上·湖南长沙·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Difficult Decision It was a hot sunny summer day. A tired man was walking through a desert. He lost his way and had no more water with him. He felt helpless and thought, “I’ll die 1 I don’t find the water.” Suddenly, he saw a small house not far away. He could not believe his eyes but he decided 2 (walk) closer to have a look. He walked into 3 house. Then he found a broken pump (坏的泵) and a bottle of water in the corner of the room. And there was a piece of paper under that bottle. It said, “ 4 (use) the water to start the pump. Don’t forget to fill this bottle.” What should he do now? He stopped and thought for a moment. He could 5 (simple) drink that bottle of water and save his life immediately. But, in that case (既然那样), he would not be able to have any water on 6 (he) way ahead. Also, no one else would come here. So he couldn’t get more water 7 (save) his life. But if he followed the instruction (指示) of the paper and that didn’t work, he would die. In any case, he had to take a risk sooner or later. He closed his eyes and 8 (choose) the second way finally. To his great pleasure, cool clear water came out of the pump in a glug-glug noise. He drank it like a thirsty crow (乌鸦). After that, he filled the bottle 9 water and put it back in the corner. Moreover, he added some 10 (word) on the paper, “Believe me. It works.” He also refilled his own water bottles, rested for half an hour, and started his journey once again with a smile on his face. 三．阅读理解 （23-24八年级上·浙江温州·期末） If you visit Wuppertal, Germany, make sure you take the Schwebebahn. It’s a railway that runs for 13 kilometres and carries over 80, 000 passengers (乘客) every day. The Schwebebahn travels in a very different way. Its 24-metre-long train doesn’t run on the track (轨道), but under it. The track is 12 metres above the river, so as the train goes over the city. Passengers can enjoy the exciting sights freely. The Schwebebahn didn’t come easy. In the 1880s, the traffic in Wuppertal was so busy that the government had to develop a new way of travelling. At that time, a man named Eugen Langen was trying a railway under the track to carry products for his company. It was successful so later Eugen put this idea into the Schwebebahn. In that way, the space above the River Wupper got fully used. It turned out to be a very good choice. The Schwebebahn gives special travel experiences to passengers. Its stations are as beautiful as art museums, so passengers won’t be bored while waiting in the stations. A classical train also offers all kinds of services, such as food and drinks. What’s more, people can book this train to have parties or even get married in the air! They will never forget this one-hour journey in the air. Now the Schwebebahn is more than a railway for Wuppertal. It is a symbol of the city. 1．How does the Schwebebahn travel according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What does “this idea” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Making products for a company. B．Using the space above the river. C．Building a railway under the track. D．Carrying things for the government. 3．What special experience can passengers have? A．They can enjoy a party on the train. B．They can visit the art museums on the train. C．They can take a two-hour journey in the air. D．They can cook food when waiting in the station. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show the important stations of Wuppertal. B．To introduce the facts about the Schwebebahn. C．To share a riding experience in the Schwebebahn. D．To tell why Wuppertal needed a new way of travelling. ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 易错考点5&非谓语动词 &写作指导5 考点聚焦：核心考点+语法考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点专攻，能力提升 学以致用：提升专练，全面突破 目录 词汇核心考点 3 考点1.catch的用法 3 考点2.invite的用法 3 考点3.辨析hear from、hear of与hear about 4 考点4.advise的用法 4 考点5.surprise的用法 5 考点6.experience的用法 6 语法核心考点 6 01 考标导向化 6 02 概念清晰化 6 考点一 动词不定式 7 1.不定式作宾语 7 2.不定式作宾语补足语 7 3.不定式作定语 8 4.动词不定式作主语 8 考点二 动词-ing形式 8 考点三 动词的过去分词 10 写作核心考点 12 词汇核心考点 考点1.catch的用法 1.My deskmate caught the school bus this morning, but I missed it and was late for school. 2.There is a train in now. If you run, you'll just catch it. catch是一个高频动词,主要用法如下: 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.My younger brother always gets up early in order to 　 　(赶上) the early bus.  2.He 　 　(接住) the falling plate just now.  3.These paintings 　 　(吸引) my eye yesterday.  4.I can't 　 　(领会) the teacher's words.  5.Tom 　 　(患病) a cold yesterday.  6.Hurry up, or you can't 　 　(赶上) the train.  1.catch　2.caught　3.caught　4.catch　5.caught　6.catch 考点2.invite的用法 —I heard from Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter. —Do we accept his invitation? We haven't met him for 3 years. 按要求完成下列练习。 1.They've invited us　 　(go) over to their place and stay for the weekend.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.Thank you for your　 　(invite), which I am very pleased to accept. (用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.There was an 　 　(invite) smell coming from the kitchen.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  4.今年暑假我将在朋友的邀请下参观北京。(翻译句子) 1.to go　2.invitation　3.inviting　4.I will visit Beijing at the invitation of my friend/at my friend's invitation this summer vacation. 考点3.辨析hear from、hear of与hear about Have you heard of Oliver Twist or Peter Pan? 词汇 含义与用法 hear from 意为“收到……的来信”,宾语是人 hear of 意为“听说;听到”,指偶然听说,后接人/物 hear about 意为“洞悉;了解到”,侧重于指了解详细情况,后接的内容比hear of后的内容具体一些,有时两者可换用,意义相同 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我听说了关于你在英语方面取得了很大进步的好消息。 I 　 　 the good news that you made great progress in English.  2.我们不认识那位歌唱家,但我们听说过她。 We don't know the singer, but we 　 　her.  3.谢谢您,先生!我希望尽快收到您的答复。 Thank you, sir!I hope to 　 　.  1.heard about　2.heard of 　3. hear from you as soon as possible 考点4.advise的用法 They would look at all the technologies a person could use and advise on the best ones and how to get the most out of them. 动词advise的常见搭配名词advice的常见搭配 ①advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事” ②advise sb.(not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事” ③advise that sb. (should)do sth.意为“建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)”①a piece of advice 意为“一则建议” ②ask sb. for advice 意为“向某人寻求建议” ③give sb. advice on sth.意为“就某事给某人建议” ④follow one's advice 意为“听取某人的建议” 拓展　辨析advice与suggestion advice为不可数名词,不能直接和数词连用,而suggestion为可数名词。如:three pieces of advice = three suggestions 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 1.我建议你每天喝足量的水。 I advise you to 　 　 　 　 　 　 every day.  2.他被建议不要熬夜。 He was advised 　 　 　 　 　 　 up late.  3.我们经常向老师寻求建议。 We often 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  4.他们就如何学习英语给出了一些建议。 They gave some advice on 　 　 　 　 　 　 English.  5.请遵循医生的建议。 Please 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  1.drink enough water 2.not to stay 3.ask the teacher for advice 4.how to learn 5.follow the doctor's advice 考点5.surprise的用法 To our surprise, he won the running race! He used to be a slow runner. surprise (n.) 惊奇;惊 讶的事 in surprise惊奇地 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 a surprise一个惊喜 surprise (vt.) 使惊讶 surprising (adj.) 令人惊讶的 surprised (adj.) 感到惊讶的 be surprised at... 对……感到吃惊 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 1.Mary didn't tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a 　 　(惊喜).  2.Nora opened the box. 　 　(令她吃惊的是), inside it was a gold watch.  3.I'm 　 　(感到惊讶的) at the news.  1.surprise　2.To her surprise　3.surprised 考点6.experience的用法 Through these activities, we can really relax ourselves and experience the joy of sports. experience(n.) 经历 (可数 名词) Being a volunteer is an unusual experience to me.成为志愿者对我来说是一次不同寻常的经历。 experience(n.) 经验 (不可数 名词) He has a lot of experience in English teaching.他在英语教学方面有丰富的经验。 experience(v.) 经历;遭受 (及物 动词) Last year, we experienced a lot of things.去年,我们经历了许多事情。 experienced作形容词,意为“有经验的”。例如: Miss Qin is experienced in teaching.秦老师在教学方面是有经验的。 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。 1.—What do you think of the summer camp? —It is a great 　 　(体验) for students. It is good to help them grow up.  2.The 　 　(有经验的) teacher taught three hundred lessons last year.  1.experience　2.experienced 语法核心考点 非谓语动词 01 考标导向化 近几年对非谓语动词的考查主要是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语，动名词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，及个别分词的用法。预计年中考对非谓语动词的考查，不定式仍是考查的热点。我们应该牢固掌握一些动词固定搭配的用法。 02 概念清晰化 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 ( 考点一 动词不定式 ) 功能 例句 主语 To speak English well isn’t an easy job. 宾语 They decided to change their mind. 宾语补足语 He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day. 定语 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. 状语 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise. 结果 He returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside. 1.不定式作宾语 (1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看一场电影吗? (2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如： I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 (3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式： why not do…，had better(not) do…，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do… I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 2.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他将收音机的音量调低。 tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： The boss made them work the whole night.老板让他们工作了一整夜。 3.不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 (2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 特殊结构的不定式 结构 例句 too…to结构 She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. not+不定式 The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road. 疑问词+不定式 作主语 How to solve the problem is very important. 作宾语 He didn’t know what to say. 作表语 The question is where to find the water. for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is necessary for us to learn from each other. of+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 1.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful. →It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉学生要做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go=where he should go) ( 考点二 动词 - ing形式 ) 功能 例句 主语 Skating on the thin ice is dangerous. 宾语 I finished doing my homework. 表语 The nurse’s job is looking after the patients. 定语 She is reading in the reading room. 宾语补足语 He kept the machine running for ten hours. 状语 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),be worth(值得),be busy(忙于),practice(练习),have fun(玩得高兴),feel like(想要),be used to(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)。 2.主语+ be + happy(glad, pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready等)+to do sth.如： I’m glad to see you again.我很高兴再次见到你。 I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。 3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析： (1)stop doing/stop to do stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事 (2)forget doing/forget to do forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做) forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做) (3)remember doing/remember to do remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) remember to do sth.记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)try doing/try to do try doing sth.尝试着去做某事 try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 (5)go on doing/go on to do go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情 go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事 (6)allow doing sth./allow sb.to do sth. allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 (7)regret doing/regret to do regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做) regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) (8)mean doing/mean to do mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算、想做某事 ( 考点三 动词的过去分词 ) 功能 例句 表语 The door remained locked. 定语 The building built last year is now a department store. 宾语补足语 I heard my name called. 状语 Heated water changes into steam. 英语中过去分词可作宾补(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态) 1.过去分词用在get,have,make 的后面。 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况： A)表示“让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做”。如： I have had my bike repaired.我已经请人把我的自行车修好了。 B)表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受……影响，蒙受……损失”。如： I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月在公汽上我的钱包被偷了。 2.“make+宾语+过去分词”,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高声音目的是让我自己被听见。 3.过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,find等后面。如： When we got to school,we saw the door locked.到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。 4.过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.那个小偷被带了进来，他的手被绑在背后。 5.过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别: 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系，其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。如： He didn’t notice me waiting.他没有注意到我正在等。 I heard the song sung in English.我听见这首歌被用英语唱了。 I saw him opening the window.我看见他正在开窗户。 I saw the window opened.我看见窗户被开了。 I saw him open the window.我看见他开了窗户。 I heard her sing the song in English.我听见她用英语唱了这首歌。 一.单项选择。 1．— How about going hiking this weekend? — Sorry. I prefer ______ rather than ______. A．to stay at home；go out B．to go out；stay at home C．staying at home；go out D．going out；stay at home 2．— Could you tell me how to improve spoken English? — Well, just take every chance to practice ______ and don’t be shy. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking D．spoke 3. He pretended ______ me when he walked by. A．not see B．not to see C．don't see D．to not see 4．Listen! There must be someone ______ through the jungle. A．trek B．treking C．trekking D. to trek 5．She writes slowly so she has trouble ______ notes in class. A．taken B．taking C．to take D. took 6．My English teacher is easy ______ so we all like her. A．to get along with B. get along with C．to get along D. getting along with 7． Peter is busy ________ at school，but he never forgets ________ exercise every day． A．working；doing B．working；to do C．at work；doing 8．I saw a UFO ________ on the square in my dream． A．to drop B．land C．wear D．to fly 9．Tom’s mother asked him ________ some washing after dinner． A．to do B．does C．do D．did 10．—Do you like playing the piano? —Yes，but I don’t know ________ play it well． A．what B．how C．what to D．how to 11． He made some toys ________ his little son． A．please B．to please C．pleasing D．pleased 12．Teenagers should not ______. A．allowed to drive B．be allow to driving C．be allowed driving D．be allowed to drive 13．I’m very ______ and I really need an ______ vacation. A．tired, exciting B．tired, excited C．tiring, exciting D．tiring, excited 14．He's very good at English. He spends most of his free time ______ new words. A．remember B．remembering C．remembers D．remembered 15．— When are you leaving for the concert? — I'm not sure. I haven't finished ______ the dishes. A．Do B．to do C．doing D．done 16．— Why did you buy a radio? — ______ English. A．Learn B．Learning C．To learn D．Be learning 17．The best way to learn English is ______ you ______ in an English-speaking environment. A．let; live B．to let; to live C．letting; living D．to let, live 18．The boy is often seen ______ play basketball after school. A．play B．to play C．to playing D．played 1. A。考查句型prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.，表示“宁愿……，而不愿……”。句子的意思是 “—这个周末去远足怎么样？—很抱歉，我宁愿呆在家里也不愿意出去”。 2. C。practice的意思是“练习”，其后接动名词形式作宾语，不能接不定式，所以答案为C项。 3. B。pretend的意思是“假装”，其后接不定式作宾语，由此可以排除A和C，其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.，所以答案为B项。句子的意思是“当他走过我的身旁时，他假装没有看见我”。 4. C。分析句子结构可知，该空要使用现在分词作定语，trek的现在分词形式是trekking，所以答案为C项。 5. B。此题考查结构have trouble doing sth.，表示“做某事有困难”，答案为B项。 6. A。be easy to do sth.表示“做某事是容易的”，注意get along with中的介词with不可省，所以答案为A项。 7．B。 句意：彼得在学校忙于工作，但他每天从不忘记做锻炼。be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事；forget to do sth.忘记做某事(事情还未做)。 8．B。 句意：在梦里，我看见一个不明飞行物在广场上着陆。see sb. /sth. do sth．看见某人/某物做某事；land意为“着陆”。 9．A。 句意：汤姆的妈妈让他晚饭后洗碗。ask sb. to do sth. (动词不定式作宾语补足语)让某人做某事。故选A。 10．D。 句意为“——你喜欢弹钢琴吗?——是的，但我不知道怎样才能弹好它”。由句子结构可知，it作play的宾语，所以不能用what。此处考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”，故选D。 11．B。 句意：他制作了一些玩具来讨好他年幼的儿子。这里应该用带to的动词不定式来作目的状语。正确答案为B。 12. D。此题考查句型allow sb. to do sth.，表示“允许某人做某事”，此处使用的是被动语态。句子的意思是“青少年不应该被允许驾车”。 13. A。tiring “累人的；令人疲倦的，麻烦的；无聊的”，常用来形容物；tired“疲倦的，厌倦的，厌烦的”，常用来形容人。由此可知第一空使用tired。excited意思是“兴奋的，激动的”，多用来修饰人；exciting意思是“使人兴奋的，刺激的，令人惊心动魄的，极其有趣的”，修饰物。由此可知答案为A项。 14. B。此题考查结构spend some time (in) doing sth.，表示“花费时间做事某”，所以答案为B项。 15. C。finish动词，意为“完成”，其后接动名词作宾语，所以答案为C项。 16. C。上句的意思是“你为什么买收音机？”答案为C项，不定式表示目的，也就是说，买收音机的目的是学习英语。 17. D。 let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，由此可以排除B和C；第一空所填词要作表语，可以使用不定式，但不能使用动词，所以D项正确。 18. B。在短语see sb. do sth.（看见某人做某事）中，动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补，改为被动语态时要加上to。所以答案为B项。 二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Jenny saw a wallet ______（lie）on the ground. 2. The heavy snow stopped them from______(go)out for a walk the day before yesterday. 3. Don’t you hear someone ______(sing) in the next room? 4. The little girl really feels like_______(eat)eggs. 5. Keep ______(try).You are sure to get a good result. 6. Lily finished ______(read) the book yesterday. 7. Mr Lee made us ______(laugh) 8. —The children should be told _____(not break) the traffic rules. —That’s right. 9. He found it hard ____(catch) up with his classmates ,because all his classmates worked very hard. 10. This is the best way _____(work) out this problem. 1. lying 2.going 3.singing 4.eating 5.trying 6. reading 7.laugh 8.not to break 9.to catch 10.to work 写作核心考点 围绕“学生在遇到问题”这一话题展开讨论。在运用if 引导的条件状语从句时要恰当地使用时态，使文章符合逻辑、条理清晰。在写作时要注意所叙述的事情发生条件及产生结果的顺序。 二、写作技巧： 常用短语：try one’s best to do ; in trouble ; give …to …; travel around the world; have a great time. 常用句型：I think I am going to … I think I will … If you do , you will … What will happen if they ….? Don’t … if … If you don’t…, you can’t …. 三、写作运用： 很多学生在遇到问题时,不知道如何与父母交流。请根据思维导图中的提示,以"Ways to talk with parents"为题,写一篇80词左右的短文(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 要求:1.短文应包括提示中所有要点,可适当进行拓展; 2.文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 Ways to talk with parents Many students may meet problems in everyday life. And they may ask their parents for help. What are the good ways to talk with parents? Ways to talk with parents Many students may meet problems in everyday life. And they may ask their parents for help. What are the good ways to talk with parents? First, we should choose a good time to talk. When our parents are free, we can sit down and have a talk face to face. Second, we'd better talk about the problems directly so that our parents may think about them at once. Third, we should talk with our parents politely. Don't speak loudly and quickly. When our parents tell us their ideas or plans, we must listen to them carefully. At last, we should thank them for their help.   Boys and girls, follow these and you can get much help from your parents. 一 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.Everyone should r　　　　 to smoke because it is bad for our health.  2.My mother promised to take me to the Great Wall if I did well in the　　　　(考试).   3.In the United States, more than 10,000 people have died of the　　　　(流感).   4.Our school 　　　　(邀请) several heroes to the graduation ceremony last year. 5.Are you a　　　? I want to watch the movie The Wandering Earth (《流浪地球》) with you.  1.When do you usually take piano classes, on w　　　　 or weekends?  2.Our city looks much more beautiful at night than in the d　　　　.  3.Your article is too long. Please 　　　　(删除) some words.  4.I received an 　　　(邀请) to a party.  5.We’re very 　　　(难过的)that she’s leaving.  1.refuse　2.exam　3.flu　4.invited　5.available 6.weekdays　7.daytime　8.delete　9.invitation　10.sad 二.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.他直到下周三才会离开。 He 　　　leaving 　　　next Wednesday.  2.昨天他们邀请我和他们一起去巴黎。 They 　　　me 　　　 　　　to Paris with them yesterday.  3.你不必担心钱的问题,我可以借一些钱给你。 You 　　　 　　　 　　　 worry about money;I can lend some money to you.  4.现在我们正在为我们的学校运动会做准备。 We 　　　 　　　 　　　 our school sports meeting now.  5.我今天太忙了,咱们其他时间去商店吧。 I’m too busy today. Let’s go to the shop 　　　 　　　.  6.我们的老师正在教我们如何删除电脑中的文件。 Our teacher is teaching us ______ ______ 　 files from the computer.  7.学生们盼望着过一个自由的假期。 Students are______ ______ to having a free holiday.  8.昨天我收到了笔友的来信。 Yesterday I______ ______ my penfriend.  9.前天我在街上遇见了我的一个朋友,他热情地向我打招呼。 I met a friend of mine in the street ______ ______ ______ ______ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and he greeted me warmly.   10.后天就是周末了。你能和我一起旅行吗? The day______ ______ is the weekend. Can you take a 　　　with me?  1.isn’t;until　2.invited; to go　3.don’t have to　4.are preparing for　5.another time6.how to delete　7.looking forward　8.heard from 9.the day before yesterday　10.after tomorrow; trip 三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.It’s Wednesday the day after tomorrow. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ is it the day after tomorrow?  2.Do you have time today, Karl? (改为同义句) 　　　　 you 　　　　today, Karl?  3.Does Zhang Juan have to go to school now? (改为陈述句) Zhang Juan ______ ______ go to school now.  4.I can’t hear you well. Please say it louder. (保持句意基本不变) Please say it louder ______ ______ I can hear you well.  5.They can come to our school on Tuesday.(对画线部分提问)  ______ ______ they come to your school?  1.What day　2.Are;free/available　3.has to 4.so that　5.When can 二 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.My parents had a wonderful t　　　 last month.  2.She lived a 　　　(正常的)and happy life with her father and mother.  3.His son spent 1,000 yuan on the computer games, so he is very a　　　 now.  4.Although the girl is poor, she wants to buy a fashionable 　　　(钱包).  5.Ma Lin is a clever student. I think he can s　　　 the problem. Please believe in him.  6.You must be c　　　 when you cross the busy street, Lucy.  7.He is upset because he lost his 　　　(钱包). And now he has no money.  8.Don’t be 　　　　(难过的) now. You can try another time.  9.The school 　　　(日历) tells us the date of the school⁃leavers’ party.  10We can’t live w　　　 water or air.  1.trip　2.normal　3.angry　4.wallet　5.solve6.careful　7.wallet　8.upset/sad　9.calendar10.without 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.I can’t find my 　　　(video). Where are they?  2.We should have a 　　　(meet) to discuss the problem.  3.Please 　　　　(trust) your kid;he is a good boy.  4.I’m looking forward to 　　　(hear)from you soon.  5.Thanks a lot for your　　　(invite) to the Christmas party.  1.videos　2.meeting　3.trust　4.hearing　5.invitation 三．根据汉语意思完成句子 ，每空一词 1.如果我不去医院,会发生什么? 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 if I don’t go to the hospital?  2.我在八点有个会,因此我必须坐出租车去那儿。 I have a 　　　　at eight, so I must go there 　　　　 　　　　.  3.如果你不戴口罩,你就不会被允许上公共汽车。 If you 　　　　 　　　　 a mask, you will not be allowed to get on the bus.   4.如果你去参加聚会,你将会玩得开心。 If you go to the party, you’ll　　　　 　　　　.  5.你能给我一些有关唱歌的建议吗? Can you 　　　　me 　　　　 　　　　 on singing?  6.她犯了一些错误,因此她没有赢得冠军。 She didn’t win the championship because she made ______ ______ 　　　.  7.我认为黄文秀是最棒的,她的经历值得学习。 I think Huang Wenxiu is the best. ______ 　　　is worth learning.  8.我可以用尺子把香蕉切成两半。 I can cut the banana ______ 　　　using the ruler.  9.她希望我们可以一直保守这个秘密。 She hopes we can 　　　　it______ 　　　 all the time.  10.你务必要小心,这一步很重要。 You must ______ 　　　. This step is very important.  1.What will happen　2.meeting; by taxi3.don’t wear　4.have fun/enjoy yourself5.give; some advice 6.a few mistakes　7.Her experience　8.in half 9.keep; to ourselves　10.be careful 三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.An accident will happen if you drive carelessly. (对画线部分提问)  　　　 　　　happen if you drive carelessly?  2如果乘公交车去机场的话,我会错过我的航班。 If I　　　 the bus to the airport, I’ll　　　 my flight.  3.He asked me to go to Hefei with him. (改为否定句) He asked me 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to Hefei with him.  4. It won’t rain. I will go to the park. (合并为一句) If it______ rain, I_______ go to the park. 5. The programme is so boring that many people don’t like it.(改为主从复合句) The programme is_______a boring one _______ many people don’t like it. 1.What will　2.take;miss　3.not to go 4. doesn’t; will 5. such; that 真题感知 一．完形填空 （23-24八年级上·安徽池州·期末） Paca is a frog. Her life changed when she saw a singer’s long hair on TV for the first time. It made the singer look so different from others. She 1 the long hair. “Oh! I want something like that. Something that makes me 2 ,” Paca said to herself. Paca didn’t know that frogs don’t have 3 . She thought that maybe she could 4 her own hair by singing. She began to sing everywhere she went. She went to towns and cities, to the sea and mountains 5 one day she sang in a barber shop (理发店). While Paca was singing, the hairdresser was cutting someone’s hair. Some hair 6 Paca’s head. After seeing her new hair, Paca thought that her dream was going to 7 . In her excitement, she sang so 8 that she woke up the hairdresser’s cat. The cat thought Paca was a 9 and caught her. But after touching Paca’s cold and slippery (湿滑的) skin, the cat found that Paca was not a mouse and let her 10 .  At that moment Paca learned that she should just try to be herself. 1．A．loved B．missed C．cared D．kept 2．A．human B．special C．large D．common 3．A．TV B．voice C．hair D．friends 4．A．grow B．make C．cut D．take 5．A．when B．because C．or D．until 6．A．put on B．fell on C．turned on D．got on 7．A．come true B．come out C．come down D．come off 8．A．sadly B．beautifully C．slowly D．loudly 9．A．frog B．guest C．mouse D．cat 10．A．die B．go C．sing D．jump 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要通过讲述青蛙帕卡想通过唱歌来长出自己的头发的故事告诉我们：做自己是最好的选择。 1．句意：她喜欢长发。 loved爱；missed错过；cared关心；kept保持。根据“Her life changed when she saw a singer’s long hair on TV for the first time.”可知，应说她喜欢长发。故选A。 2．句意：让我与众不同的东西。 human人的；special特别的；large大的；common普通的。根据前文“ It made the singer look so different from others.”可知，她想要这种使得自己特别的东西。故选B。 3．句意：帕卡不知道青蛙是没有头发的。 TV电视；voice声音；hair头发；friends朋友。根据“She thought that maybe she could”以及“her own hair by singing.”可知，她不知道青蛙没有头发，故选C。 4．句意：她想也许她可以通过唱歌来长出自己的头发。 grow生长；make做；cut剪；take拿。根据“Her life changed when she saw a singer’s long hair on TV for the first time.”可知，她想学之前看到的长发歌手，以为通过唱歌长出头发，故选A。 5．句意：她走遍了城镇、城市、大海和高山，直到有一天她在一家理发店里唱歌。 when当……时；because因为；or或；until直到。根据“one day she sang in a barber shop (理发店).”可知，这里指的直到有一天她在一家理发店里唱歌。故选D。 6．句意：一些头发落在帕卡的头上。 put on穿上；fell on降落；turned on打开；got on上车。根据“Paca’s head.”可知，是落在她的头上。故选B。 7．句意：看到她的新头发后，帕卡觉得她的梦想就要实现了。 come true成真；come out出版；come down下降；come off脱落。根据“After seeing her new hair,”可知，她觉得梦想就要实现 。故选A。 8．句意：她兴奋地大声唱歌，把理发师的猫吵醒了。 sadly悲伤地；beautifully美丽地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地。根据“that she woke up the hairdresser’s cat.”可知，唱歌很大声，吵醒了猫。故选D。 9．句意：猫以为帕卡是一只老鼠，抓住了她。 frog青蛙；guest客人；mouse老鼠；cat猫。根据后文“the cat found that Paca was not a mouse”可知，猫以为帕卡是一只老鼠。故选C。 10．句意：但在摸了摸帕卡又冷又滑的皮肤后，猫发现帕卡不是老鼠，就放她走了。 die死；go走；sing唱；jump跳。根据“the cat found that Paca was not a mouse and let her”可知，应说放她走了。故选B。 二．语法填空 （23-24八年级上·湖南长沙·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Difficult Decision It was a hot sunny summer day. A tired man was walking through a desert. He lost his way and had no more water with him. He felt helpless and thought, “I’ll die 1 I don’t find the water.” Suddenly, he saw a small house not far away. He could not believe his eyes but he decided 2 (walk) closer to have a look. He walked into 3 house. Then he found a broken pump (坏的泵) and a bottle of water in the corner of the room. And there was a piece of paper under that bottle. It said, “ 4 (use) the water to start the pump. Don’t forget to fill this bottle.” What should he do now? He stopped and thought for a moment. He could 5 (simple) drink that bottle of water and save his life immediately. But, in that case (既然那样), he would not be able to have any water on 6 (he) way ahead. Also, no one else would come here. So he couldn’t get more water 7 (save) his life. But if he followed the instruction (指示) of the paper and that didn’t work, he would die. In any case, he had to take a risk sooner or later. He closed his eyes and 8 (choose) the second way finally. To his great pleasure, cool clear water came out of the pump in a glug-glug noise. He drank it like a thirsty crow (乌鸦). After that, he filled the bottle 9 water and put it back in the corner. Moreover, he added some 10 (word) on the paper, “Believe me. It works.” He also refilled his own water bottles, rested for half an hour, and started his journey once again with a smile on his face. 【答案】1．if 2．to walk 3．the 4．Use 5．simply 6．his 7．to save 8．chose 9．with 10．words 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个人在沙漠里迷路了，也没有水喝，以为自己快要死了，突然他在一个木屋里看到了一个水泵和一个装满水的瓶子，纸条上写着“用水启动水泵。别忘了把这个瓶子装满”。这个人经过思想斗争后，最终按照纸条上说的做了，最后得到了足够的水的故事。 1．句意：如果我找不到水，我会死的。“I don’t find the water”是“I’ll die”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 2．句意：他不敢相信自己的眼睛，但还是决定走近看一看。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故填to walk。 3．句意：他走进了这栋房子。空格后house是前文提到的，此空应填the表示特指前文的事物，故填the。 4．句意：用这些水启动水泵。这是一个肯定祈使句，此空应填动词原形，故填Use。 5．句意：他可以只喝下那瓶水，并立即挽救他的生命。此空修饰动词drink，应填副词simply，故填simply。 6．句意：但是，在这种情况下，他在前面的路上就不会有水了。此空修饰名词way，应填形容词性物主代词，故填his。 7．句意：所以他不能得到更多的水来挽救他的生命。分析句子结构可知，得到水的目的是为了挽救生命，应填动词不定式，故填to save。 8．句意：他闭上眼睛，最后选择了第二条路。根据closed可知，此空应填动词过去式，故填chose。 9．句意：然后，他把瓶子装满水，放回角落里。fill with“装满，充满”，固定搭配，故填with。 10．句意：此外，他还在纸上加了几个字。根据some可知，此空应填复数形式，故填words。 三．阅读理解 （23-24八年级上·浙江温州·期末） If you visit Wuppertal, Germany, make sure you take the Schwebebahn. It’s a railway that runs for 13 kilometres and carries over 80, 000 passengers (乘客) every day. The Schwebebahn travels in a very different way. Its 24-metre-long train doesn’t run on the track (轨道), but under it. The track is 12 metres above the river, so as the train goes over the city. Passengers can enjoy the exciting sights freely. The Schwebebahn didn’t come easy. In the 1880s, the traffic in Wuppertal was so busy that the government had to develop a new way of travelling. At that time, a man named Eugen Langen was trying a railway under the track to carry products for his company. It was successful so later Eugen put this idea into the Schwebebahn. In that way, the space above the River Wupper got fully used. It turned out to be a very good choice. The Schwebebahn gives special travel experiences to passengers. Its stations are as beautiful as art museums, so passengers won’t be bored while waiting in the stations. A classical train also offers all kinds of services, such as food and drinks. What’s more, people can book this train to have parties or even get married in the air! They will never forget this one-hour journey in the air. Now the Schwebebahn is more than a railway for Wuppertal. It is a symbol of the city. 1．How does the Schwebebahn travel according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What does “this idea” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Making products for a company. B．Using the space above the river. C．Building a railway under the track. D．Carrying things for the government. 3．What special experience can passengers have? A．They can enjoy a party on the train. B．They can visit the art museums on the train. C．They can take a two-hour journey in the air. D．They can cook food when waiting in the station. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show the important stations of Wuppertal. B．To introduce the facts about the Schwebebahn. C．To share a riding experience in the Schwebebahn. D．To tell why Wuppertal needed a new way of travelling. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Schwebebahn火车的基本情况和用途。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Schwebebahn travels in a very different way. Its 24-metre-long train doesn’t run on the track, but under it. The track is 12 metres above the river, so as the train goes over the city. Passengers can enjoy the exciting sights freely.”可知这个24米长的火车不在轨道上运行，而是在轨道下方，乘客可以看到风景。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“At that time, a man named Eugen Langen was trying a railway under the track to carry products for his company. It was successful so later Eugen put this idea into the Schwebebahn.”可知“这个想法”指的是在轨道下面建一个铁路。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“What’s more, people can book this train to have parties or even get married in the air!”可知人们可以预定这个火车来在空中举办派对或者结婚。故选A。 4．写作意图题。本篇文中主要Schwebebahn火车的基本情况和用途。故选B。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$