专题02 易错考点2&形容词和副词&写作指导2-【寒假自学课】2025年八年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版）

专题02 易错考点2&形容词和副词&写作指导2 考点聚焦：核心考点+语法考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点专攻，能力提升 学以致用：提升专练，全面突破 目录 词汇核心考点 3 考点1.辨析give、provide和offer 3 考点2.sound的用法 3 考点3.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... 4 考点4.辨析win与beat 4 考点5.close的用法 5 考点6.“比较级+and+比较级”的用法 5 考点7.辨析arrive、get to与reach 6 考点8.辨析aloud、loud与loudly 6 语法核心考点 7 形容词和副词 7 考点一 形容词与副词的构成 7 考点二 常见的易混形容词辨析 8 考点三 常见的易混副词 8 考点四 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 9 考点五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 10 写作核心考点 13 词汇核心考点 考点1.辨析give、provide和offer 词汇含义及用法短语 give意为“给;交给”give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. provide意为“提供;给予”。和give意思相同但用法不同provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth. offer意为“提出;提供”,强调“主动提供”,和 give 用法相同,但意思有所区别offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.John, stop 　 　 (give) food to my goldfish. I have fed them twice.  2.Our school has 　 　 (provide) all kinds of after-school services for students since 2021.  3.A train decorated with pictures of giant pandas 　 　 (offer) a special journey for passengers along the Sichuan-Qinghai railway.  1.giving　2.provided　3.offers 考点2.sound的用法 1.—What do you think of this piece of music? —It sounds beautiful but a little sad. 2.—Good news! The Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully. —That sounds exciting and encouraging! sound用作感官系动词时,意为“听起来”,后接形容词或名词(短语)作表语,表示听的感受。类似的感官系动词还有look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(摸起来;感觉)等。如图所示: sound还可以用作名词,与voice/noise一样表示“声音”,但区别如下: 词汇 用法 例句 sound 泛指一切可以听到的声音,如:风声、雨声、流水声等 Can you hear the sound of the running water?你能听到流水的声音吗? voice 多指说话和唱歌的声音,也可指鸟鸣声、音色、音质等 The famous singer has a beautiful voice.这位著名的歌唱家有一副好嗓子。 noise 通常指不悦或令人讨厌的声音、噪音等 Living in the city, people can't escape traffic noise.居住在城市的人们无法逃脱交通噪音。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 　sound　noise　voice　 1.Emma is only 20 and she has a sweet 　 　.   2.The 　 　 of the music is beautiful.  3.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the 　 　 from the factory.  1.voice　2.sound　3.noise 考点3.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... 考点 含义及用法 neither...nor... 意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” either...or... 意为“或者……或者……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” both...and... 意为“两个都……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用其复数形式 选词填空(其中有一项多余)。 have　has　is　was　are　were 1.Neither his parents nor he 　 　 been to England.  2.Both he and I 　 　 from the countryside.  3.Neither the shoes nor the sweater over there 　 　 mine.  4.Both England and France 　 　 at war at that time.  5.Either the parents or their child 　 　 at home yesterday.  1.has　2.are　3.is　4.were　5.was 考点4.辨析win与beat 词汇用法示例 win(win→won→won)①意为“赢”,后接比赛、奖品、游戏等 ②意为“获胜”,后面不接宾语①win the medals 赢得奖牌 ②We won.我们获胜了。 beat(beat→beat→beaten)①意为“打败”,后接表示人或团队的名词 ②意为“击打”,指连续击打①We beat them.我们打败了他们。 ②The rain beat against the windows.雨拍打着窗户。 注意:win 与 beat 的反义词为 lose,常用搭配为lose to sb. 用beat或win的适当形式填空。 1.I'm sure you can 　 　others and 　 　 the game.   2.They did their best to 　 　 the medal.   3.My hands began shaking and my heart started 　 　 fast.   1.beat　win　2.win　3.beating 考点5.close的用法 close作形容词时,具体用法如下: 意为“(在空间、时间上)接近”,其反义词是far。其常用搭配为close to,意为“离……近”。例如: My home is very close to the park.我家离公园很近。 还可意为“亲密的”。例如: You are our close friends.你们是我们亲密的朋友。 close作动词时,意为“关上;闭上”。其反义词是open,意为“打开”。例如: Could you please close the door?请你关上门好吗? 根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.Tina是我亲密的朋友,我们总是和彼此分享喜怒哀乐。 Tina is my 　 　 　 　 and we always share happiness and sorrow with each other.  2.我家离学校很近,因此我除了下雨天,每天走路上学。 My school is 　 　 　 　 my home. So I walk to school every day except when it rains.  3.世界变得越来越小,因为互联网让我们更近。 The world is becoming smaller and smaller, because the Internet gets us 　 　.  1.close　friend　2.close　to　3.closer 考点6.“比较级+and+比较级”的用法 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,部分双音节单词和多音节单词应该用“more and more+形容词”的结构。 “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。例如: The harder you try, the luckier you will be. 你越努力,你将越幸运。 根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.我们的国家越来越强大了。我们为我们伟大的国家感到骄傲。 Our country is getting 　 　. We are proud of our great country.  2.你越小心,你犯的错误就越少。 　 　 you are, 　 　 mistakes you'll make.  3.我们使用的汽车越少,污染就会越少。 　 　 cars we use, 　 　 pollution there will be.  1.stronger and stronger　2.The more careful　the fewer　3.The fewer　the less 考点7.辨析arrive、get to与reach 词汇词性用法 arrive 不及物 动词 arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 若地点为副词,地点前面则不用介词 get to 动词词组 get to+地点 reach及物动词reach+地点 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 1.他们明天将到达这个城市。 They will 　 　 in this city tomorrow.  2.请尽快到达学校。 Please 　 　 　 　 school as soon as possible.  3.我们终于到达了山顶。 We finally 　 　 the top of the mountain.  1.arrive　2.get　to　3.reached 考点8.辨析aloud、loud与loudly 辨析 含义与用法 aloud 副词,重点在出声能让人听见,常用在读书或说话上。aloud通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式 loud 可作形容词或副词,作副词时意为“响亮地;大声;高声地”,常与speak、talk、laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后 辨析 含义与用法 loudly 意为“响亮地”,其基本意义与loud相同,还常与ring、knock等动词连用 用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 loudly　aloud　loud 1.He does not talk or laugh 　 　 in public.  2.Reading　 　 is very important in learning a foreign language.  3.I can't hear you clearly. Please speak a little 　 　.  1.loudly　2. aloud　3.louder 语法核心考点 形容词和副词 ( 考点一 形容词与副词的构成 ) 形容词与副词的构成 1.形容词的主要构成形式 (1)“名词+-ful”,如:care-careful、 help-helpful等; (2)“名词+-y”,如:cloud-cloudy、 rain-rainy、 wind-windy、 sun-sunny等; (3)“动词+-ing”,如:interest-interesting、 surprise-surprising、 excite-exciting等; (4)“动词+-ed”,如:interest-interested、 surprise-surprised、 please-pleased等; (5)“名词+-ly”,如:friend-friendly、 day-daily(每日的)等; (6)“形容词+-ly”,如:lone(单独的)-lonely(孤独的;荒凉的)、 dead-deadly等; (7)“名词+-n/-ian”,如:America-American、Russia-Russian等; (8)“名词+-al”,如:nation-national、 person-personal等; (9)特殊结构,如:wool-woolen、 heat-hot、 die-dead、 China-Chinese、 Japan-Japanese等。 2.副词的主要构成形式 (1)在“形容词后加-ly”构成,如:usual-usually, wide-widely, real-really等;而以-y结尾的形容词变y为i再加-ly,如:happy-happily, heavy-heavily等。 (2)以“-ful结尾的形容词后加ly”构成,如:careful-carefully, beautiful-beautifully等; (3)“名词+-ly”,如:part(部分)-partly(部分地)等; 易混易错 friendly、 lonely、 lively、 lovely、 deadly、 likely等以-ly 结尾的词是形容词,而不是副词。 有些词的词尾有无-ly,词义是截然不同的。如:hard(努力地;硬的)/hardly(几乎不),late(迟)/lately(近来),near(附近)/nearly(几乎),most(最)/mostly(大部分)等。另外,常见的副词与形容词同形的有hard、 late、 fast、 high、 early、 little等。 ( 考点二 常见的易混形容词辨析 ) 1.含-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词是有区别的。形容词的-ed形式意为“感到……的”,往往用来修饰人,主语往往是人;形容词的-ing形式,意为“令人……的”,往往用来修饰物,主语往往是物。例如:interesting(有趣的)/ interested(感兴趣的)、 relaxing(令人放松的)/relaxed(放松的)、 surprising(令人吃惊的)/surprised(感到吃惊的)、 exciting(使人激动的)/excited(激动的)、 moving(令人感动的)/ moved(感动的)、 frightening(令人恐惧的)/frightened(感到害怕的)等。 2. 注重常考形容词的归类 (1)描述外貌特征:fat、 thin、 slim、 tall、 short、 strong、 weak、 good-looking、 beautiful、 pretty、 overweight (超重的)等。 (2)描写性格品质:shy、 lazy、 kind、 friendly、 helpful、 outgoing、 brave、 active、 patient、 smart、 strict、 honest、 energetic等。 (3)描写人的情感、状态:angry、 sad、 busy、 sorry、 excited、 tired、 happy、 thirsty、 worried、 hungry、 proud等。 ( 考点三 常见的易混副词 ) 1.常见副词的种类 时间副词 ago、 before、 already、 just、 now、 early、 late、 finally、 tomorrow、 once、 soon 地点副词 here、 there、 near、 around、 in、 out、 up、 down、 back、 away、 outside、 somewhere 方式副词 carefully、 angrily、 badly、 calmly、 loudly、 quickly、 politely、 nervously 程度副词 very、 much、 greatly、 a bit、 a little、 so、 almost、 nearly、 also、 even、 just、 well 频度副词 always、 often、 usually、 sometimes、 never、 seldom 疑问副词 where、 when、 why、 how 关系副词 when、 where、 why 2.频度副词的辨析 (1)频度副词的频率 always总是 >usually 通常>often 常常>sometimes有时>seldom很少>never从不 (2)频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词在句子中的位置有着共同的特点:一般放在系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,或行为动词之前,即“行之前,系助后”。例如: He always comes to school on time. He's never late. 他总是按时到校,从不迟到。 ( 考点四 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 ) 1.规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est fast/faster/fastest, new/newer/newest 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r, -st late/later/latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加-er, -est easy/easier/easiest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est big/bigger/biggest, thin/thinner/thinnest (续表) 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful 小贴士: 比较等级要变化,词尾一般加er(est);词尾若有哑音e,直接加-r(st)就可以; 一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;辅音字母加个y,要把y来变为i。 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 little less least far farther (further) farthest (furthest) many (much) more most good (well) better best bad (badly) / ill worse worst old older (elder) oldest (eldest) 小贴士: “不规则”中找规则,比较级和最高级特殊变:一“少”“远”,二“多”“好”, 三“病”“坏”, 四变“老”。 ( 考点五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 ) 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1.形容词和副词的原级的用法 (1)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲不如乙……”。 (2)“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲不如乙……”。例如: This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。 He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。 2.形容词和副词的比较级的用法 (1)比较级前可用much, a little, a lot等修饰,表示程度,意为“大得多、高得多”等含义。 (2)根据a bit, even, still, far 等修饰比较级的特征词来判定。 (3)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围内的其他任何一个人(物)都……”。 (4)“甲+实义动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围内的其他任何一个人(物)都……”。 (5)在“Who/Which...+be/实义动词+形容词/副词比较级..., A or B?”中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词或副词要用比较级形式。 (6)“the+形容词/副词比较级...,the+形容词/副词比较级...”,表示“越……,越……”,强调程度。 (7)“形容词/副词比较级+and+同一个形容词或副词的比较级”或“more and more+形容词/副词原级”,表示“越来越……”。 (8)“甲+be动词+the +形容词/副词比较级+of (the two)...”结构表示“甲是两个……中较……的”。在“...of (the two)...”结构中,形容词常用比较级,且此比较级前要加定冠词the,是特指,表示“两者中的另一个较……”。例如: She drives still more carefully than her son. 她开车仍然比她儿子更认真。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中国,长江比其他任何河流都长。 Li Ping gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. 李平到校比他班上其他的学生都早。 The higher you stand, the farther you'll see. 你站得越高,就看得越远。 It's getting warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。 Mary is the taller of the two girls. Mary是两个女孩中较高的那个。 3.形容词和副词的最高级的用法 (1)“主语+谓语动词+the+形容词(副词)最高级+of/ in短语”,表示“……是……中最……的”。of/in短语来说明比较的范围。 (2)“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”句式表示“最……的……之一”。 (3)“Who / Which...+be/实义动词+形容词或副词最高级,A,B or C?”句式,表示“在三者或三者以上中哪一个最……”。例如: Zhang Ping is the youngest in his class/of all the students. 张平在他班上(所有学生当中)年龄最小。 It is one of the largest cities in the world. 它是世界上最大的城市之一。 Who is the shortest, Tom, Jim or Sam? Tom、Jim和Sam三个人中,谁的个子最矮? 一.单项选择。 1.—Are you afraid of dogs? —Yes. I’m ______________ of them. A. surprised B. terrified C. embarrassed D. excited 2. It’s dangerous ______ with the wild animal. A. for us to play B. of us playing C. for us playing D. of us to play 3.－Let’s go shopping at the new mall. －Why not shop online? It’s . A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 4. If there is ______ pollution, the air in our city will be dirtier. A．less; more B．more; much C．less; less D．more; more 5. — Yummy! The coffee is good. —That’s right. It will taste _______ with some milk. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 6. —Peter has good grades in all his subjects, but he never shows off. — I agree. He is very ________. A. easy-going B. imaginative C. modest D. generous 7. Don’t just believe the advertisement. That medicine is ______ it says. A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as 8. — Did you have a wonderful time at the party? —Yes, it’s ______ one I’ve ever been to before. A. a more excited B. a more exciting C. the most excited D. the most exciting 9. Taking buses in Beijing is _____ than taking a taxi. A. more cheap B. much cheaper C. a little cheap D. cheaper 10. Look! Linyi is _____ now than it used to be. A. quite beautiful B. the most beautiful C. very beautiful D. much more beautiful 11. — I’m going to a job interview. I feel a little _______. — Take it easy. Listening to music can help you relax. A. comfortable B. nervous C. excited D. shy 12. I don’t feel very _______ today. A. good　 B. well　 C. nice　 D. fine 13. I think English is as _______ as math. A. important　 B. more important　 C. most important　 D. importanter 14. John Smith is _______ of the two young men. A. strong　 B. stronger　 C. the stronger　 D. the strongest 15. The Changjiang River is one of the _______ in China. A. longer river　 B. longest river　 C. longest rivers　 D. long rivers 16. The third cake is _______ of all, but it’s too dear. A. delicious　 B. most delicious　 C. more delicious　 D. the most delicious 17. I draw _______ and my handwriting is _______. A. good; good　 B. good; well　 C. well; good　 D. well; well 18. There is ______ meat in this bowl, but I would like a bowl with ______ vegetables. A. more; more　 B. less; less　 C. few; little　 D. many; much 19. Of the four seasons, the _______time to come to Beijing is autumn. A. good　 B. well　 C. better　 D. best 20. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so       . A. well        B. nice    C. wonderfully     D. nicely 1. B。由“Yes”可知对方害怕狗，be afraid of同义短语是“be terrified of”，意为“对……恐惧/害怕”。 2. A。考查句式“It is for sb. to do sth”意为“做某事对于某人怎么样”。 3.C。本题考查expensive的比较级，more expensive意为“更贵”，less expensive意为“更便宜”。 4. B。句意为“如果有更多的污染，城市就会越脏”。第一空用much的比较级more修饰pollution，第二空用much修饰dirty的比较级，强化比较程度。 5. B。本题考查表语形容词的比较级，good的比较级是better。 6. C。本题考查表语形容词的意义。选项意义分别是：easy-going容易相处的； imaginative 有 想象力的； modest 谦逊的；generous 慷慨大方的。由never show off（从不炫耀）可知选C 项。 7. B。本题考查形容词原级的句式“not as/so…as…”句式，意为“和……不一样”。 8. D。由答语“…one I’ve ever been to before”可知“这是我曾经去过的最兴奋的晚会”。所以选形容词的最高级the most exciting。 9. B。本句子是考查形容词比较级的用法，much修饰比较级cheaper，指“便宜得很”。所以选择B。 10. D。本句子是考查形容词比较级的用法，much修饰比较级more beautiful，指“漂亮多了”。所以选择D。 11. B。本题考查表语形容词的不同意义，由句意可知“感到有点紧张”故选B。 12.B。本题考查形容词的用法，在连系动词的后面用形容词作表语，但从句子的意思理解只能用形容词well表示“身体好”。 13. A。本题考查形容词比较等级的用法，在同级比较时候用as＋形容词的原级＋as...结构，所以中间用形容词important。 14.C。在两者比较的范围内，比较强壮的那一个是特指，要用定冠词the＋比较级表示。 15. C。本题考查形容词的最高级和短语one of＋名词复数形式的用法，表示“最长的河流之一”的意思，所以选择C。 16. D。本题考查形容词的最高级的用法，delicious是多音节的形容词，它的最高级是the most delicious，所以选择D。 17. C。本题考查形容词和副词的用法。第一个空用副词well修饰动词draw表示画得好；第二个空用形容词good作表语说明主语handwriting的性质，表示“我的书法好”。 18. A。本题考查形容词的比较级的用法，此题两者比较，应该用比较级；more是many和much的比较级，less是little的比较级，meat是不可数名词，而vegetable是可数名词，因此只能选A。句子的意思是“这一碗里肉多，但我想要一碗蔬菜多的。” 19. D。本题考查形容词的最高级的用法。从句子的意思理解是“在一年四季中来北京最好的时间是秋季”，所以用形容词的最高级the best。 20. B。本题考查系动词后接表语形容词的用法，smell nice（闻起来很好）。 二．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.　 　(lucky), the accident was not serious!  2.The nurse is very 　 　(friend) to these patients.  3.The weather report says it will be 　 　(cloud) tomorrow.  4.My sister looked 　 　(happy) because I broke her favorite cup.  5.We hope your baby grows 　 　(healthy) and 　 　 (happy).  6.Watch 　 　(careful), and you will find the differences between the two pictures.  7.Of the two shirts, I think the blue one is much 　 　(beautiful).  8.In China, red is the 　 　(popular) color, especially during some festivals.  9.Who is the 　 　(good) basketball player in your class?  10.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the 　 　(cold) one.  11.What a　 　(sun) day it is! Let's go camping.   12.He was just falling 　 　(sleep) when there was a loud knock at the door.  13.The house next to the street is very 　 　(noise).We don't want to live there.  14.His grandfather has been　 　(die) for five years.   15.Don't play soccer in the street.It's　 　 (danger).  16.He put on his coat and went out　 　(quick).  17.Be careful, or you won't work out the physics problem　 　(successful).  18.I am 　 　 (real) in love with this movie.  19.It was a silent night.The moon shone 　 　(bright) through the window.  20.Oh, no! The road is 　 　 (most) covered with snow.Let's not drive today.  【参考答案】1.Luckily　2.friendly　3.cloudy　4.unhappy　5.healthily happily　6.carefully　7.more beautiful 　8.most popular9.best　10.coldest 　11.sunny　12.asleep　13.noisy　14.dead　15.dangerous　16.quickly　17.successfully　18.really　19.brightly　20.mostly 写作核心考点 一．写作话题 本单元的话题以做比较为主线，集中说明每一个对象的各种特征，然后逐点比较或对比，有对过去情况的描述，也有对现在情况的描述。 二．写作技巧 要抓住事物的不同点进行描述，运用比较级来写会更突出文章的条理性，特别要注意than的用法。写此类文章常用的时态为一般过去时，一般现在时或现在完成时。 三．写作应用 "有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎!"朋友能带给人愉悦,能促使人进步。那么你更愿意与和你相似的人做朋友,还是和你很不同的人做朋友呢?可以说一说你的原因吗?学校论坛以"朋友( Friends )"为话题,征集大家的发言。请结合以下提示内容写一篇英语的论坛发言。 　　提示词语:have... in common, have different interests, cheer me up. 　　提示问题:1.Do you like to make friends with those who are similar to you or different from you? Why? 2.How is your best friend similar(相似的) to you or different from you? 3.How does he help you out when you were in trouble? 提示开头: 　　I like to make friends with those who are similar to me / those who are different from me/ I don't care whether friends are similar or different. I like to make friends with those who are different from me because we can learn more from each other. Linda is my best friend. I am outgoing and often make her laugh, but she is quiet. She looks more serious than me. She is a good listener while I always keep talking. I'm good at playing basketball and I often beat her, while she is very talented in music and often wins the singing competitions.  We usually help each other. When I am in trouble, she always helps me and encourages me to face the difficulty. She can help bring out the best in me. The most important thing is that we can share all the good things together and feel happy.  一 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.Don’t shout so 　　　(大声地) to your mother.  2.Please get up e　　　, or you will be late.  3.I think everyone should be 　　　　(辛勤的), or we can’t have a happy life.  4.I am shy, so I hope my friends are 　　　　(外向的) and cute.  5.Now many young people like rap because they think this kind of music is f　　　　.  1.loudly　2.early　3.hard⁃working　4.outgoing5.fantastic 二.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.新冠肺炎比非典更可怕。我们必须保护我们自己。 COVID⁃19 is______ ______ than SARS. We must protect ourselves.  2.现在越来越多的人喜欢中国文化。 Now ______ ______ ______ people like Chinese culture.  3.这个笑话不如那个好笑。 This joke isn’t ______ ______ ______ that one.  4.经过一段时间的锻炼,她比以前瘦多了。 After exercising for some time, she’s much ______ ______ before.   5.——哪一个是你最喜爱的老师? ——头发较长的那一个。她很友好。 — ______ ______ is your favorite teacher?  —The one with longer hair. She is very kind. 6.这个女孩在艺术方面有天赋。 The girl is 　　　　 　　　　art.  7.对于我们来说,锻炼是有必要的。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　to do exercise.  18.他不是一名医生。实际上,他是一名志愿者。 He is not a doctor. 　　　　 　　　　, he is a volunteer.  9.我正在看有关南宁号驱逐舰的新闻。我认为我们的国家变得越来越强大了。 I’m watching the news about the Nanning Destroyer. I think our country is getting 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 .  10.只要我的钱足够,我就待在伦敦。 I’ll stay in London 　　　 　　　 　　　 my money is enough.  1.more terrible　2.more and more　3.as funny as 4.thinner than　 5.Which one 6.talented in　7.It’s necessary for us　8.In fact 9.stronger and stronger　10.as long as 三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1. The girl in a red dress is Lin Mei. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ is Lin Mei? 2. Rita speaks more loudly than me. (改为同义句) I speak ________ ________ than Rita. 3. Miss Li is popular in our class. Mr. Wang is more popular. (合并为一句) Mr. Wang is ________ ________ ________ Miss Li in our class. 4. Bob is five feet tall, and Jim is five feet tall, too. (改为同义句) Bob is Jim. 5.Tom is as tall as Tim.(改为同义句) Tim has　　　　 　　　　height as Tom.  6.Jim is 13 and Mike is 17.(改为同义句) Mike is 4 years 　　　　 　　　　Jim.  7.My favorite subject is English. (改为同义句) I like English 　　　　than 　　　　other subject.  8.I’m 13 years old, and she is 13 years old, too. (改为同义句) She and I 　　　　 　　　　13 years old.  9.I think my dress is the same as Rita’s.(改为反义句) I think my dress is 　　　　 　　　　Rita’s.  1.Which girl 2. more quietly 3. more popular than 4. as tall as 5.the same　6.older than　7.better; any 8.are both　9.different from 二 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.I want to watch the new movie, but I don’t get the 　　　　(票;入场券).  2.Look at the 　　　　(菜单) carefully.  3.The supermarket has good s　　　　. The workers there are friendly.  4.You can sit the most 　　　(舒服地) because they have the biggest seats.  5.We plan to buy a better TV with a bigger s　　　　.  6.There are too many people in the subway every morning. It’s always the most c　　　　.  7.I want to 　　　　(给) you my best wishes because you are my best friend.  8.Although you are p　　　　 now, I think you can be rich one day.  9.The little boy would like to be a 　　　(魔术师) in the future.   10.John is a smart boy. He always has 　　　(创造性的)ideas.  1.ticket　2.menu　3.service　4.comfortably　5.screen6.crowded　7.give　8.poor　9.magician　10.creative 二.用方框中短语的适当形式填空 play a role, for example, all kinds of, make up, be up to 1.The shops sell　　　　　　fruit like apples, bananas and pineapples.  2.The boy　　　　　　in the movie and he did well.  3.It　　　　　　you to decide when you’ll leave for Beijing.  4.The whole story　　　　　　. I don’t believe it at all.   5.Jack likes playing ball games.　　　　　　, he plays basketball and soccer every afternoon.  1.all kinds of　2.played a role　3.is up to4.is made up　5.For example 三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 1.你应该待在这儿,因为这儿有最新鲜的食物。 You should stay here because it has _______ _______ _______.  2.不要太伤心。我可以帮你弄到一张票。 Don’t be too sad. I can help you _______ _______ _______.  3.目前,这是今年互联网上发现的最有趣的事情之一。 _______ _______, it is one of the funniest things found on the Internet this year.  4.靠近我们学校的这家商店的服务比那家好。 The service of the store _______ _______ our school is better than that of that store.  5.他是我们班里最高的男孩。 He _______ _______ _______in our class.  1.the freshest food　2.get a ticket　3.So far4.close to　5.the tallest boy 四、句型转换，每空一词 1. The radio station is the best. (对画线部分提问) _______ _______ the radio station? 2. Wang Ming is quieter than any other student in his class.(改为同义句) Wang Ming is _______ _______ student in his class. 3. I think Jason’s Hotel has the best service in town. (改为否定句) I _______ _______ Jason’s Hotel _______ the best service in town. 4. Jack’s shop sells clothes the most cheaply of all. (改为同义句) Jack’s shop sells clothes _______ _______ than the others. 5. Nick met his best friend in the park.（改为一般疑问句） _______ Nick _______ his best friend in the park? 6.It is the biggest city in China. (改为同义句) It is bigger _______ _______other city in China.  7.The bed in my bedroom is very comfortable. (对画线部分提问)  _______ _______the bed in your bedroom?  8.No.1 Middle School is the best school in the city.(对画线部分提问)  　　　　 is the best school in the city?  9.Jack runs fastest of all the students in his class. (同义句转化) Jack runs faster than _______ _______student in his class.  10.Lily is taller than the other students in her class. (改为同义句) Lily is _______ _______student in her class.  1. How is 2. the quietest 3. don’t think; has 4. more cheaply 5. Did; meet 6.than any　7.How is　8.Which　9.any other　10.the tallest 真题感知 一．完形填空 （23-24八年级上·湖北襄阳·期末） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思完整、句子通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A woman in a small village was not happy with her life. She thought she always had problems. One day, a wise (充满智慧的) old man came and lived in her village. Many people went to him with their problems and asked for 1 . The woman also 2 to visit the old man. The woman arrived at the old man’s house one morning, but she didn’t meet him until evening. When she finally met the old man, she said, “Sir, I am upset about my life. Problems are always around me. Please tell me 3 to end them.” The old man said, “It’s too 4 today. I will answer your question tomorrow. Will you do a small job for me?” The woman thought for one minute and 5 . “There are 20 camels (骆驼) behind my house. I want you to take care of them tonight. You can’t go to sleep 6 all of them sit down,” the old man said. The next morning, the old man asked the woman, “Did you sleep well?” The woman replied, “I couldn’t sleep 7 for a minute. I tried hard but I couldn’t make all camels sit down. If I made one camel sit down, then another one would stand up. It made me tired and 8 .” The old man said, “Life is 9 . If you solve one problem, another will appear. Just 10 who you are and life as what is like. And learn to solve problems one by one and enjoy life.” 1．A．news B．hope C．advice D．service 2．A．forgot B．learned C．refused D．decided 3．A．how B．what C．when D．where 4．A．late B．cold C．easy D．early 5．A．tried B．agreed C．appeared D．discussed 6．A．if B．though C．after D．unless 7．A．ever B．only C．even D．again 8．A．ready B．angry C．normal D．available 9．A．fresh B．similar C．normal D．dangerous 10．A．mix B．stand C．cover D．accept 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个智者帮助一个认为自己总是遇到问题的女子解惑的故事。 1．句意：许多人带着问题去找他寻求建议。 news新闻；hope希望；advice建议；service服务。根据“with their problems ”可知人们找老人帮他们解惑，希望老人能为他们提供解决问题的建议，故选C。 2．句意：女子也决定拜访老人。 forgot忘记；learned学习；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据“The woman arrived at the old man’s house one morning”可知应是决定拜访老人，故选D。 3．句意：请告诉我如何结束它们。 how如何；what什么；when什么时候；where在哪。根据“ Problems are always around me”可知女子是问老人解决她的难题的方法，故选A。 4．句意：今天太晚了。 late晚的；cold冷的；easy容易的；early早的。根据“I will answer your question tomorrow”和“but she didn’t meet him until evening”可知应是今天太晚了，明天回答问题，故选A。 5．句意：女子想了一会并且同意了。 tried尽力；agreed同意；appeared出现；discussed讨论。根据“There are 20 camels behind my house. I want you to take care of them tonight”可知应是女子同意了，故选B。 6．句意：你不能睡觉，除非所有的它们都坐下。 if如果；though虽然；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“I tried hard but I couldn’t make all camels sit down”可知应是如果不是所有的骆驼都坐下，女人不能睡觉，故选D。 7．句意：我甚至不能睡一分钟。 ever曾经；only仅仅；even甚至；again再。根据“for a minute”和“If I made one camel sit down, then another one would stand up”可知应是甚至一分钟都不能睡，故选C。 8．句意：它使我疲惫而生气。 ready准备好的；angry生气的；normal正常的；available空闲的。根据“tired”和“and”可知应是又累又气，故选B。 9．句意：生活是相似的。 fresh新鲜的；similar相似的；normal正常的；dangerous危险的。根据“If you solve one problem, another will appear”可知应是相似的，故选B。 10．句意：仅仅接受你是谁和本该如此的生活。 mix混合；stand站；cover覆盖；accept接受。根据“who you are and life as what is like”可知应是建议女子要首先接受现实，故选D。 二．语法填空 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 The Lantern Festival in China is also known as Yuanxiao or Zhongyuan Festival  It usually falls 1 the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.  It is 2 custom (习俗) for Chinese people to enjoy the beauty of lanterns during the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without 3 (talk)about a city in Sichuan province, Zigong.  It is 4 (usual) thought of as the City of Lanterns. People in Zigong 5 (enjoy) lanterns on festivals since the Tang Dynasty (618 907). In the past, people 6 (make) lanterns with special materials (材料). To add to 7 (it) beauty, Zigong artists also use many different things, such as silk, paper and bamboo. Lantern production is one of the most important industries (产业) for Zigong people 8 most large lanterns are produced in Zigong. The city develops at a 9 (fast) speed with the lantern industry than before. Nowadays, 10 (visitor) come to Zigong to enjoy lanterns and other activities. The lanterns are now a name card for the city. For Chinese, lanterns have not only lit up the night, but also lit up their hearts that long for home. 【答案】1．on 2．a 3．talking 4．usually 5．have enjoyed 6．made 7．its 8．because 9．faster 10．visitors 【导语】本文主要介绍自贡的灯笼。 1．句意：它通常在第一个阴历月15号。根据横线后是具体的日子，所以是介词on。故填on。 2．句意：对于中国人来说在灯笼节和中秋节期间欣赏灯笼的美是一个习俗。根据语境横线上泛指一个，由于横线后的词是辅音音素开头，所以是冠词a。故填a。 3．句意：没有谈到四川省自贡这个城市，只是提到中国的灯笼是不完整的。根据without是介词，后加动名词，所以将talk变为talking。故填talking。 4．句意：它通常被认为是灯笼城市。分析句子可知横线上是副词，表示通常被认为，所以将usual变为usually。故填usually。 5．句意：自从唐朝，自贡的人们在节日时欣赏灯笼。根据“since”自……以来，所以是现在完成时。由于主语是复数，所以是have enjoyed。故填have enjoyed。 6．句意：在过去，人们用特殊的材料制造灯笼。根据“In the past”可知，时间是过去，所以时态为一般过去时态，所以将make变为made。故填made。 7．句意：为了添加它的美，自贡艺术家也使用许多不同的东西，例如丝绸，纸和竹子。根据横线后是名词，所以横线上是形容词性物主代词，所以将it变为its。故填its。 8．句意：对于自贡人来说灯笼产品时最重要的产业之一，因为大多数大的灯笼在自贡生产。横线后是解释为什么是最重要的产业，所以是because。故填because。 9．句意：相比较以前，这个城市以更快的速度发展灯笼产业。根据than，所以是比较级faster。故填faster。 10．句意：现在参观者来自贡欣赏灯笼和其他的活动。分析句子可知，横线上是主语，且谓语动词是原形，所以将visit变为visitors。故填visitors。 三．阅读理解 （22-23八年级上·北京通州·期末） Natural Disasters Earthquakes are natural disasters. They are the shaking of the earth’s surface（表面）. The earth makes these natural earthquakes in order to release pressure（释放压力）. More than a million earthquakes happen in the world each year. Earthquakes usually last less than a minute but you can feel them. The scary thing about earthquakes is that they begin with no warning. But scientists are still working on the problem. There are about 20 plates（板块）along the surface of the earth that move slowly all the time next to each other. When the plates touch each other, huge rocks are created（创造）and explode（爆炸）with great power（力量）, causing an earthquake. As the plates move, they put pressure on themselves and each other. When the pressure is large enough, the crust（地壳）is forced（被迫）to break. Shaking and ground breaking are the main effects（影响）created by earthquakes. After an earthquake is over, buildings are usually damaged（破坏）and people get hurt even killed. Some people think animals can predict（预言）an earthquake. The earliest reference（参考） about unusual animal behavior is from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and snakes reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before an earthquake. Scientists can easily explain the cause of unusual animal behavior seconds before humans feel an earthquake. Very few humans notice the smaller P wave that travels the fastest from the earthquake source（源）and arrives before the larger S wave. But many animals are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives. As for sensing an earthquake days or weeks before it happens, that’s a different story. Scientists have tried many different ways of predicting earthquakes, but none have been successful. They need to do much research on this subject. So what should you do when an earthquake begins? If you are inside a building, you should take cover under a table. If you are outside, you should stay out in an open place. 1．An earthquake happens because ________. A．the earth wants to release pressure B．there are more creatures on the earth C．there are about 30 plates along the surface of the earth D．people damaged the surface of the earth 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The places of earthquakes. B．The reasons for earthquakes. C．The ways of predicting earthquakes. D．The bad result of an earthquake. 3．Some animals ________ so they leave their homes to safe places before an earthquake. A．are very clever B．can create an earthquake C．like living in new places with their friends D．can feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives 4．The writer probably agrees（同意）that ________. A．we should protect the animals before earthquakes B．scientists can know earthquakes before they happen C．people should learn to keep safe during earthquakes D．earthquakes are the most dangerous natural disasters 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“The earth makes these natural earthquakes in order to release pressure”可知，地震是因为地球想要释放压力。故选A。 2．段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了地震的原因。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“But many animals are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives.”可知，一些动物能够在S波到来前几秒感觉到P波，所以它们在地震前离开家到安全的地方。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“So what should you do when an earthquake begins? If you are inside a building, you should take cover under a table. If you are outside, you should stay out in an open place.”可知，作者同意人们应该学会在地震中保持安全。故选C。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 易错考点2&形容词和副词&写作指导2 考点聚焦：核心考点+语法考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点专攻，能力提升 学以致用：提升专练，全面突破 目录 词汇核心考点 3 考点1.辨析give、provide和offer 3 考点2.sound的用法 3 考点3.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... 4 考点4.辨析win与beat 4 考点5.close的用法 5 考点6.“比较级+and+比较级”的用法 5 考点7.辨析arrive、get to与reach 6 考点8.辨析aloud、loud与loudly 6 语法核心考点 7 形容词和副词 7 考点一 形容词与副词的构成 7 考点二 常见的易混形容词辨析 8 考点三 常见的易混副词 8 考点四 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 9 考点五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 10 写作核心考点 13 词汇核心考点 考点1.辨析give、provide和offer 词汇含义及用法短语 give意为“给;交给”give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. provide意为“提供;给予”。和give意思相同但用法不同provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth. offer意为“提出;提供”,强调“主动提供”,和 give 用法相同,但意思有所区别offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.John, stop 　 　 (give) food to my goldfish. I have fed them twice.  2.Our school has 　 　 (provide) all kinds of after-school services for students since 2021.  3.A train decorated with pictures of giant pandas 　 　 (offer) a special journey for passengers along the Sichuan-Qinghai railway.  考点2.sound的用法 1.—What do you think of this piece of music? —It sounds beautiful but a little sad. 2.—Good news! The Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully. —That sounds exciting and encouraging! sound用作感官系动词时,意为“听起来”,后接形容词或名词(短语)作表语,表示听的感受。类似的感官系动词还有look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(摸起来;感觉)等。如图所示: sound还可以用作名词,与voice/noise一样表示“声音”,但区别如下: 词汇 用法 例句 sound 泛指一切可以听到的声音,如:风声、雨声、流水声等 Can you hear the sound of the running water?你能听到流水的声音吗? voice 多指说话和唱歌的声音,也可指鸟鸣声、音色、音质等 The famous singer has a beautiful voice.这位著名的歌唱家有一副好嗓子。 noise 通常指不悦或令人讨厌的声音、噪音等 Living in the city, people can't escape traffic noise.居住在城市的人们无法逃脱交通噪音。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 　sound　noise　voice　 1.Emma is only 20 and she has a sweet 　 　.   2.The 　 　 of the music is beautiful.  3.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the 　 　 from the factory.  考点3.辨析neither...nor...、 either...or...和both...and... 考点 含义及用法 neither...nor... 意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” either...or... 意为“或者……或者……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则” both...and... 意为“两个都……”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用其复数形式 选词填空(其中有一项多余)。 have　has　is　was　are　were 1.Neither his parents nor he 　 　 been to England.  2.Both he and I 　 　 from the countryside.  3.Neither the shoes nor the sweater over there 　 　 mine.  4.Both England and France 　 　 at war at that time.  5.Either the parents or their child 　 　 at home yesterday.  考点4.辨析win与beat 词汇用法示例 win(win→won→won)①意为“赢”,后接比赛、奖品、游戏等 ②意为“获胜”,后面不接宾语①win the medals 赢得奖牌 ②We won.我们获胜了。 beat(beat→beat→beaten)①意为“打败”,后接表示人或团队的名词 ②意为“击打”,指连续击打①We beat them.我们打败了他们。 ②The rain beat against the windows.雨拍打着窗户。 注意:win 与 beat 的反义词为 lose,常用搭配为lose to sb. 用beat或win的适当形式填空。 1.I'm sure you can 　 　others and 　 　 the game.   2.They did their best to 　 　 the medal.   3.My hands began shaking and my heart started 　 　 fast.   考点5.close的用法 close作形容词时,具体用法如下: 意为“(在空间、时间上)接近”,其反义词是far。其常用搭配为close to,意为“离……近”。例如: My home is very close to the park.我家离公园很近。 还可意为“亲密的”。例如: You are our close friends.你们是我们亲密的朋友。 close作动词时,意为“关上;闭上”。其反义词是open,意为“打开”。例如: Could you please close the door?请你关上门好吗? 根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.Tina是我亲密的朋友,我们总是和彼此分享喜怒哀乐。 Tina is my 　 　 　 　 and we always share happiness and sorrow with each other.  2.我家离学校很近,因此我除了下雨天,每天走路上学。 My school is 　 　 　 　 my home. So I walk to school every day except when it rains.  3.世界变得越来越小,因为互联网让我们更近。 The world is becoming smaller and smaller, because the Internet gets us 　 　.  考点6.“比较级+and+比较级”的用法 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,部分双音节单词和多音节单词应该用“more and more+形容词”的结构。 “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。例如: The harder you try, the luckier you will be. 你越努力,你将越幸运。 根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.我们的国家越来越强大了。我们为我们伟大的国家感到骄傲。 Our country is getting 　 　. We are proud of our great country.  2.你越小心,你犯的错误就越少。 　 　 you are, 　 　 mistakes you'll make.  3.我们使用的汽车越少,污染就会越少。 　 　 cars we use, 　 　 pollution there will be.  考点7.辨析arrive、get to与reach 词汇词性用法 arrive 不及物 动词 arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 若地点为副词,地点前面则不用介词 get to 动词词组 get to+地点 reach及物动词reach+地点 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 1.他们明天将到达这个城市。 They will 　 　 in this city tomorrow.  2.请尽快到达学校。 Please 　 　 　 　 school as soon as possible.  3.我们终于到达了山顶。 We finally 　 　 the top of the mountain.  考点8.辨析aloud、loud与loudly 辨析 含义与用法 aloud 副词,重点在出声能让人听见,常用在读书或说话上。aloud通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式 loud 可作形容词或副词,作副词时意为“响亮地;大声;高声地”,常与speak、talk、laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后 辨析 含义与用法 loudly 意为“响亮地”,其基本意义与loud相同,还常与ring、knock等动词连用 用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 loudly　aloud　loud 1.He does not talk or laugh 　 　 in public.  2.Reading　 　 is very important in learning a foreign language.  3.I can't hear you clearly. Please speak a little 　 　.  语法核心考点 形容词和副词 ( 考点一 形容词与副词的构成 ) 形容词与副词的构成 1.形容词的主要构成形式 (1)“名词+-ful”,如:care-careful、 help-helpful等; (2)“名词+-y”,如:cloud-cloudy、 rain-rainy、 wind-windy、 sun-sunny等; (3)“动词+-ing”,如:interest-interesting、 surprise-surprising、 excite-exciting等; (4)“动词+-ed”,如:interest-interested、 surprise-surprised、 please-pleased等; (5)“名词+-ly”,如:friend-friendly、 day-daily(每日的)等; (6)“形容词+-ly”,如:lone(单独的)-lonely(孤独的;荒凉的)、 dead-deadly等; (7)“名词+-n/-ian”,如:America-American、Russia-Russian等; (8)“名词+-al”,如:nation-national、 person-personal等; (9)特殊结构,如:wool-woolen、 heat-hot、 die-dead、 China-Chinese、 Japan-Japanese等。 2.副词的主要构成形式 (1)在“形容词后加-ly”构成,如:usual-usually, wide-widely, real-really等;而以-y结尾的形容词变y为i再加-ly,如:happy-happily, heavy-heavily等。 (2)以“-ful结尾的形容词后加ly”构成,如:careful-carefully, beautiful-beautifully等; (3)“名词+-ly”,如:part(部分)-partly(部分地)等; 易混易错 friendly、 lonely、 lively、 lovely、 deadly、 likely等以-ly 结尾的词是形容词,而不是副词。 有些词的词尾有无-ly,词义是截然不同的。如:hard(努力地;硬的)/hardly(几乎不),late(迟)/lately(近来),near(附近)/nearly(几乎),most(最)/mostly(大部分)等。另外,常见的副词与形容词同形的有hard、 late、 fast、 high、 early、 little等。 ( 考点二 常见的易混形容词辨析 ) 1.含-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词是有区别的。形容词的-ed形式意为“感到……的”,往往用来修饰人,主语往往是人;形容词的-ing形式,意为“令人……的”,往往用来修饰物,主语往往是物。例如:interesting(有趣的)/ interested(感兴趣的)、 relaxing(令人放松的)/relaxed(放松的)、 surprising(令人吃惊的)/surprised(感到吃惊的)、 exciting(使人激动的)/excited(激动的)、 moving(令人感动的)/ moved(感动的)、 frightening(令人恐惧的)/frightened(感到害怕的)等。 2. 注重常考形容词的归类 (1)描述外貌特征:fat、 thin、 slim、 tall、 short、 strong、 weak、 good-looking、 beautiful、 pretty、 overweight (超重的)等。 (2)描写性格品质:shy、 lazy、 kind、 friendly、 helpful、 outgoing、 brave、 active、 patient、 smart、 strict、 honest、 energetic等。 (3)描写人的情感、状态:angry、 sad、 busy、 sorry、 excited、 tired、 happy、 thirsty、 worried、 hungry、 proud等。 ( 考点三 常见的易混副词 ) 1.常见副词的种类 时间副词 ago、 before、 already、 just、 now、 early、 late、 finally、 tomorrow、 once、 soon 地点副词 here、 there、 near、 around、 in、 out、 up、 down、 back、 away、 outside、 somewhere 方式副词 carefully、 angrily、 badly、 calmly、 loudly、 quickly、 politely、 nervously 程度副词 very、 much、 greatly、 a bit、 a little、 so、 almost、 nearly、 also、 even、 just、 well 频度副词 always、 often、 usually、 sometimes、 never、 seldom 疑问副词 where、 when、 why、 how 关系副词 when、 where、 why 2.频度副词的辨析 (1)频度副词的频率 always总是 >usually 通常>often 常常>sometimes有时>seldom很少>never从不 (2)频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词在句子中的位置有着共同的特点:一般放在系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,或行为动词之前,即“行之前,系助后”。例如: He always comes to school on time. He's never late. 他总是按时到校,从不迟到。 ( 考点四 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 ) 1.规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est fast/faster/fastest, new/newer/newest 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r, -st late/later/latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加-er, -est easy/easier/easiest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est big/bigger/biggest, thin/thinner/thinnest (续表) 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful 小贴士: 比较等级要变化,词尾一般加er(est);词尾若有哑音e,直接加-r(st)就可以; 一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;辅音字母加个y,要把y来变为i。 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 little less least far farther (further) farthest (furthest) many (much) more most good (well) better best bad (badly) / ill worse worst old older (elder) oldest (eldest) 小贴士: “不规则”中找规则,比较级和最高级特殊变:一“少”“远”,二“多”“好”, 三“病”“坏”, 四变“老”。 ( 考点五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 ) 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1.形容词和副词的原级的用法 (1)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲不如乙……”。 (2)“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲不如乙……”。例如: This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。 He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。 2.形容词和副词的比较级的用法 (1)比较级前可用much, a little, a lot等修饰,表示程度,意为“大得多、高得多”等含义。 (2)根据a bit, even, still, far 等修饰比较级的特征词来判定。 (3)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围内的其他任何一个人(物)都……”。 (4)“甲+实义动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围内的其他任何一个人(物)都……”。 (5)在“Who/Which...+be/实义动词+形容词/副词比较级..., A or B?”中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词或副词要用比较级形式。 (6)“the+形容词/副词比较级...,the+形容词/副词比较级...”,表示“越……,越……”,强调程度。 (7)“形容词/副词比较级+and+同一个形容词或副词的比较级”或“more and more+形容词/副词原级”,表示“越来越……”。 (8)“甲+be动词+the +形容词/副词比较级+of (the two)...”结构表示“甲是两个……中较……的”。在“...of (the two)...”结构中,形容词常用比较级,且此比较级前要加定冠词the,是特指,表示“两者中的另一个较……”。例如: She drives still more carefully than her son. 她开车仍然比她儿子更认真。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中国,长江比其他任何河流都长。 Li Ping gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. 李平到校比他班上其他的学生都早。 The higher you stand, the farther you'll see. 你站得越高,就看得越远。 It's getting warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。 Mary is the taller of the two girls. Mary是两个女孩中较高的那个。 3.形容词和副词的最高级的用法 (1)“主语+谓语动词+the+形容词(副词)最高级+of/ in短语”,表示“……是……中最……的”。of/in短语来说明比较的范围。 (2)“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”句式表示“最……的……之一”。 (3)“Who / Which...+be/实义动词+形容词或副词最高级,A,B or C?”句式,表示“在三者或三者以上中哪一个最……”。例如: Zhang Ping is the youngest in his class/of all the students. 张平在他班上(所有学生当中)年龄最小。 It is one of the largest cities in the world. 它是世界上最大的城市之一。 Who is the shortest, Tom, Jim or Sam? Tom、Jim和Sam三个人中,谁的个子最矮? 一.单项选择。 1.—Are you afraid of dogs? —Yes. I’m ______________ of them. A. surprised B. terrified C. embarrassed D. excited 2. It’s dangerous ______ with the wild animal. A. for us to play B. of us playing C. for us playing D. of us to play 3.－Let’s go shopping at the new mall. －Why not shop online? It’s . A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 4. If there is ______ pollution, the air in our city will be dirtier. A．less; more B．more; much C．less; less D．more; more 5. — Yummy! The coffee is good. —That’s right. It will taste _______ with some milk. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 6. —Peter has good grades in all his subjects, but he never shows off. — I agree. He is very ________. A. easy-going B. imaginative C. modest D. generous 7. Don’t just believe the advertisement. That medicine is ______ it says. A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as 8. — Did you have a wonderful time at the party? —Yes, it’s ______ one I’ve ever been to before. A. a more excited B. a more exciting C. the most excited D. the most exciting 9. Taking buses in Beijing is _____ than taking a taxi. A. more cheap B. much cheaper C. a little cheap D. cheaper 10. Look! Linyi is _____ now than it used to be. A. quite beautiful B. the most beautiful C. very beautiful D. much more beautiful 11. — I’m going to a job interview. I feel a little _______. — Take it easy. Listening to music can help you relax. A. comfortable B. nervous C. excited D. shy 12. I don’t feel very _______ today. A. good　 B. well　 C. nice　 D. fine 13. I think English is as _______ as math. A. important　 B. more important　 C. most important　 D. importanter 14. John Smith is _______ of the two young men. A. strong　 B. stronger　 C. the stronger　 D. the strongest 15. The Changjiang River is one of the _______ in China. A. longer river　 B. longest river　 C. longest rivers　 D. long rivers 16. The third cake is _______ of all, but it’s too dear. A. delicious　 B. most delicious　 C. more delicious　 D. the most delicious 17. I draw _______ and my handwriting is _______. A. good; good　 B. good; well　 C. well; good　 D. well; well 18. There is ______ meat in this bowl, but I would like a bowl with ______ vegetables. A. more; more　 B. less; less　 C. few; little　 D. many; much 19. Of the four seasons, the _______time to come to Beijing is autumn. A. good　 B. well　 C. better　 D. best 20. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so       . A. well        B. nice    C. wonderfully     D. nicely 二．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.　 　(lucky), the accident was not serious!  2.The nurse is very 　 　(friend) to these patients.  3.The weather report says it will be 　 　(cloud) tomorrow.  4.My sister looked 　 　(happy) because I broke her favorite cup.  5.We hope your baby grows 　 　(healthy) and 　 　 (happy).  6.Watch 　 　(careful), and you will find the differences between the two pictures.  7.Of the two shirts, I think the blue one is much 　 　(beautiful).  8.In China, red is the 　 　(popular) color, especially during some festivals.  9.Who is the 　 　(good) basketball player in your class?  10.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the 　 　(cold) one.  11.What a　 　(sun) day it is! Let's go camping.   12.He was just falling 　 　(sleep) when there was a loud knock at the door.  13.The house next to the street is very 　 　(noise).We don't want to live there.  14.His grandfather has been　 　(die) for five years.   15.Don't play soccer in the street.It's　 　 (danger).  16.He put on his coat and went out　 　(quick).  17.Be careful, or you won't work out the physics problem　 　(successful).  18.I am 　 　 (real) in love with this movie.  19.It was a silent night.The moon shone 　 　(bright) through the window.  20.Oh, no! The road is 　 　 (most) covered with snow.Let's not drive today.  写作核心考点 一．写作话题 本单元的话题以做比较为主线，集中说明每一个对象的各种特征，然后逐点比较或对比，有对过去情况的描述，也有对现在情况的描述。 二．写作技巧 要抓住事物的不同点进行描述，运用比较级来写会更突出文章的条理性，特别要注意than的用法。写此类文章常用的时态为一般过去时，一般现在时或现在完成时。 三．写作应用 "有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎!"朋友能带给人愉悦,能促使人进步。那么你更愿意与和你相似的人做朋友,还是和你很不同的人做朋友呢?可以说一说你的原因吗?学校论坛以"朋友( Friends )"为话题,征集大家的发言。请结合以下提示内容写一篇英语的论坛发言。 　　提示词语:have... in common, have different interests, cheer me up. 　　提示问题:1.Do you like to make friends with those who are similar to you or different from you? Why? 2.How is your best friend similar(相似的) to you or different from you? 3.How does he help you out when you were in trouble? 提示开头: 　　I like to make friends with those who are similar to me / those who are different from me/ I don't care whether friends are similar or different. 一 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.Don’t shout so 　　　(大声地) to your mother.  2.Please get up e　　　, or you will be late.  3.I think everyone should be 　　　　(辛勤的), or we can’t have a happy life.  4.I am shy, so I hope my friends are 　　　　(外向的) and cute.  5.Now many young people like rap because they think this kind of music is f　　　　.  二.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.新冠肺炎比非典更可怕。我们必须保护我们自己。 COVID⁃19 is______ ______ than SARS. We must protect ourselves.  2.现在越来越多的人喜欢中国文化。 Now ______ ______ ______ people like Chinese culture.  3.这个笑话不如那个好笑。 This joke isn’t ______ ______ ______ that one.  4.经过一段时间的锻炼,她比以前瘦多了。 After exercising for some time, she’s much ______ ______ before.   5.——哪一个是你最喜爱的老师? ——头发较长的那一个。她很友好。 — ______ ______ is your favorite teacher?  —The one with longer hair. She is very kind. 6.这个女孩在艺术方面有天赋。 The girl is 　　　　 　　　　art.  7.对于我们来说,锻炼是有必要的。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　to do exercise.  18.他不是一名医生。实际上,他是一名志愿者。 He is not a doctor. 　　　　 　　　　, he is a volunteer.  9.我正在看有关南宁号驱逐舰的新闻。我认为我们的国家变得越来越强大了。 I’m watching the news about the Nanning Destroyer. I think our country is getting 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 .  10.只要我的钱足够,我就待在伦敦。 I’ll stay in London 　　　 　　　 　　　 my money is enough.  三.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1. The girl in a red dress is Lin Mei. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ is Lin Mei? 2. Rita speaks more loudly than me. (改为同义句) I speak ________ ________ than Rita. 3. Miss Li is popular in our class. Mr. Wang is more popular. (合并为一句) Mr. Wang is ________ ________ ________ Miss Li in our class. 4. Bob is five feet tall, and Jim is five feet tall, too. (改为同义句) Bob is Jim. 5.Tom is as tall as Tim.(改为同义句) Tim has　　　　 　　　　height as Tom.  6.Jim is 13 and Mike is 17.(改为同义句) Mike is 4 years 　　　　 　　　　Jim.  7.My favorite subject is English. (改为同义句) I like English 　　　　than 　　　　other subject.  8.I’m 13 years old, and she is 13 years old, too. (改为同义句) She and I 　　　　 　　　　13 years old.  9.I think my dress is the same as Rita’s.(改为反义句) I think my dress is 　　　　 　　　　Rita’s.  二 一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1.I want to watch the new movie, but I don’t get the 　　　　(票;入场券).  2.Look at the 　　　　(菜单) carefully.  3.The supermarket has good s　　　　. The workers there are friendly.  4.You can sit the most 　　　(舒服地) because they have the biggest seats.  5.We plan to buy a better TV with a bigger s　　　　.  6.There are too many people in the subway every morning. It’s always the most c　　　　.  7.I want to 　　　　(给) you my best wishes because you are my best friend.  8.Although you are p　　　　 now, I think you can be rich one day.  9.The little boy would like to be a 　　　(魔术师) in the future.   10.John is a smart boy. He always has 　　　(创造性的)ideas.  二.用方框中短语的适当形式填空 play a role, for example, all kinds of, make up, be up to 1.The shops sell　　　　　　fruit like apples, bananas and pineapples.  2.The boy　　　　　　in the movie and he did well.  3.It　　　　　　you to decide when you’ll leave for Beijing.  4.The whole story　　　　　　. I don’t believe it at all.   5.Jack likes playing ball games.　　　　　　, he plays basketball and soccer every afternoon.  三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 1.你应该待在这儿,因为这儿有最新鲜的食物。 You should stay here because it has _______ _______ _______.  2.不要太伤心。我可以帮你弄到一张票。 Don’t be too sad. I can help you _______ _______ _______.  3.目前,这是今年互联网上发现的最有趣的事情之一。 _______ _______, it is one of the funniest things found on the Internet this year.  4.靠近我们学校的这家商店的服务比那家好。 The service of the store _______ _______ our school is better than that of that store.  5.他是我们班里最高的男孩。 He _______ _______ _______in our class.  四、句型转换，每空一词 1. The radio station is the best. (对画线部分提问) _______ _______ the radio station? 2. Wang Ming is quieter than any other student in his class.(改为同义句) Wang Ming is _______ _______ student in his class. 3. I think Jason’s Hotel has the best service in town. (改为否定句) I _______ _______ Jason’s Hotel _______ the best service in town. 4. Jack’s shop sells clothes the most cheaply of all. (改为同义句) Jack’s shop sells clothes _______ _______ than the others. 5. Nick met his best friend in the park.（改为一般疑问句） _______ Nick _______ his best friend in the park? 6.It is the biggest city in China. (改为同义句) It is bigger _______ _______other city in China.  7.The bed in my bedroom is very comfortable. (对画线部分提问)  _______ _______the bed in your bedroom?  8.No.1 Middle School is the best school in the city.(对画线部分提问)  　　　　 is the best school in the city?  9.Jack runs fastest of all the students in his class. (同义句转化) Jack runs faster than _______ _______student in his class.  10.Lily is taller than the other students in her class. (改为同义句) Lily is _______ _______student in her class.  真题感知 一．完形填空 （23-24八年级上·湖北襄阳·期末） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思完整、句子通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A woman in a small village was not happy with her life. She thought she always had problems. One day, a wise (充满智慧的) old man came and lived in her village. Many people went to him with their problems and asked for 1 . The woman also 2 to visit the old man. The woman arrived at the old man’s house one morning, but she didn’t meet him until evening. When she finally met the old man, she said, “Sir, I am upset about my life. Problems are always around me. Please tell me 3 to end them.” The old man said, “It’s too 4 today. I will answer your question tomorrow. Will you do a small job for me?” The woman thought for one minute and 5 . “There are 20 camels (骆驼) behind my house. I want you to take care of them tonight. You can’t go to sleep 6 all of them sit down,” the old man said. The next morning, the old man asked the woman, “Did you sleep well?” The woman replied, “I couldn’t sleep 7 for a minute. I tried hard but I couldn’t make all camels sit down. If I made one camel sit down, then another one would stand up. It made me tired and 8 .” The old man said, “Life is 9 . If you solve one problem, another will appear. Just 10 who you are and life as what is like. And learn to solve problems one by one and enjoy life.” 1．A．news B．hope C．advice D．service 2．A．forgot B．learned C．refused D．decided 3．A．how B．what C．when D．where 4．A．late B．cold C．easy D．early 5．A．tried B．agreed C．appeared D．discussed 6．A．if B．though C．after D．unless 7．A．ever B．only C．even D．again 8．A．ready B．angry C．normal D．available 9．A．fresh B．similar C．normal D．dangerous 10．A．mix B．stand C．cover D．accept 二．语法填空 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 The Lantern Festival in China is also known as Yuanxiao or Zhongyuan Festival  It usually falls 1 the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.  It is 2 custom (习俗) for Chinese people to enjoy the beauty of lanterns during the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without 3 (talk)about a city in Sichuan province, Zigong.  It is 4 (usual) thought of as the City of Lanterns. People in Zigong 5 (enjoy) lanterns on festivals since the Tang Dynasty (618 907). In the past, people 6 (make) lanterns with special materials (材料). To add to 7 (it) beauty, Zigong artists also use many different things, such as silk, paper and bamboo. Lantern production is one of the most important industries (产业) for Zigong people 8 most large lanterns are produced in Zigong. The city develops at a 9 (fast) speed with the lantern industry than before. Nowadays, 10 (visitor) come to Zigong to enjoy lanterns and other activities. The lanterns are now a name card for the city. For Chinese, lanterns have not only lit up the night, but also lit up their hearts that long for home. 三．阅读理解 （22-23八年级上·北京通州·期末） Natural Disasters Earthquakes are natural disasters. They are the shaking of the earth’s surface（表面）. The earth makes these natural earthquakes in order to release pressure（释放压力）. More than a million earthquakes happen in the world each year. Earthquakes usually last less than a minute but you can feel them. The scary thing about earthquakes is that they begin with no warning. But scientists are still working on the problem. There are about 20 plates（板块）along the surface of the earth that move slowly all the time next to each other. When the plates touch each other, huge rocks are created（创造）and explode（爆炸）with great power（力量）, causing an earthquake. As the plates move, they put pressure on themselves and each other. When the pressure is large enough, the crust（地壳）is forced（被迫）to break. Shaking and ground breaking are the main effects（影响）created by earthquakes. After an earthquake is over, buildings are usually damaged（破坏）and people get hurt even killed. Some people think animals can predict（预言）an earthquake. The earliest reference（参考） about unusual animal behavior is from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and snakes reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before an earthquake. Scientists can easily explain the cause of unusual animal behavior seconds before humans feel an earthquake. Very few humans notice the smaller P wave that travels the fastest from the earthquake source（源）and arrives before the larger S wave. But many animals are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives. As for sensing an earthquake days or weeks before it happens, that’s a different story. Scientists have tried many different ways of predicting earthquakes, but none have been successful. They need to do much research on this subject. So what should you do when an earthquake begins? If you are inside a building, you should take cover under a table. If you are outside, you should stay out in an open place. 1．An earthquake happens because ________. A．the earth wants to release pressure B．there are more creatures on the earth C．there are about 30 plates along the surface of the earth D．people damaged the surface of the earth 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The places of earthquakes. B．The reasons for earthquakes. C．The ways of predicting earthquakes. D．The bad result of an earthquake. 3．Some animals ________ so they leave their homes to safe places before an earthquake. A．are very clever B．can create an earthquake C．like living in new places with their friends D．can feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives 4．The writer probably agrees（同意）that ________. A．we should protect the animals before earthquakes B．scientists can know earthquakes before they happen C．people should learn to keep safe during earthquakes D．earthquakes are the most dangerous natural disasters ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$