Lesson18 学习要点解析讲义-2024-2025学年新概念英语第三册

新概念英语第三册 Lesson18 一、词汇精讲 current： 释义：n. 水流，气流；电流；思潮，潮流 adj. 现在的；流通的，通用的；最近的 例句：The current is very strong in this part of the river.（这条河的这一段水流很急。）；The current fashion is for shorter hair.（现在流行短发。） 搭配：ocean current（洋流）；electric current（电流）；current affairs（时事） float： 释义：v. 漂浮，浮动；飘动；（使）漂流；（使）上市 n. 浮子；彩车；鱼漂；（学游泳用的）浮板 例句：Wood floats on water.（木头在水上漂浮。）；A balloon floated across the sky.（一个气球飘过天空。） 辨析：float 强调物体在液体或气体表面轻松地漂浮，不沉下去；drift 则更侧重于物体随着水流、气流等缓慢地、无目的地漂流或飘动。 dismay： 释义：n. 沮丧，灰心；惊愕 vt. 使沮丧；使惊愕 例句：To her dismay, she failed the exam.（令她沮丧的是，她考试不及格。）；The news of his death dismayed us all.（他去世的消息使我们都很惊愕。） 同根词：dismayed（adj. 惊愕的；惊慌的；沮丧的） tramp： 释义：n. 流浪汉；长途跋涉；沉重的脚步声 v. （用沉重的脚步）走；踩，踏；长途跋涉 例句：A tramp was sleeping under the bridge.（一个流浪汉正在桥下睡觉。）；We tramped through the forest for hours.（我们在森林里跋涉了几个小时。） steer： 释义：v. 驾驶，掌舵；引导，指导；操纵，控制 例句：He steered the boat carefully through the narrow channel.（他小心地驾驶着船穿过狭窄的航道。）；The teacher steered the students towards a better understanding of the subject.（老师引导学生更好地理解这门学科。） 搭配：steer clear of（避开，绕开） temporary： 释义：adj. 暂时的，临时的 例句：This is only a temporary solution.（这只是一个临时的解决办法。） 反义词：permanent（adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的） thrust： 释义：v. 猛推；刺；插入；挤；强加于 n. 推力；刺；要旨，重点；强攻 例句：He thrust his hands into his pockets.（他把双手插进口袋里。）；The knight thrust his sword into the dragon.（骑士将剑刺入龙的身体。） cling： 释义：v. 附着；紧贴；坚持；依附；紧握 例句：The wet clothes clung to his body.（湿衣服紧贴在他的身上。）；She clung to the hope that he would come back.（她坚持认为他会回来。） 搭配：cling to（紧紧抓住；坚持；依附） conserve： 释义：v. 保存；保护；节约；将… 做成蜜饯；使守恒 例句：We should conserve water.（我们应该节约用水。）；The museum conserves many valuable artworks.（博物馆保存了许多珍贵的艺术品。） 同根词：conservation（n. 保存；保护；避免浪费）；conservative（adj. 保守的；守旧的；n. 保守派，守旧者） submarine： 释义：n. 潜水艇；海底生物 adj. 水下的；海底的 例句：The submarine dived deep into the ocean.（潜水艇潜入深海。）；Submarine plants grow at the bottom of the sea.（海底植物生长在海底。） 二、课文精讲 课文讲述了作者在海上航行时遭遇强流，原本平静的航行变得危险起来。先是船舵失灵，随后船开始不受控制地漂流，在漂流过程中还遭遇了一艘装满货物的货船，险些相撞。幸运的是，最后船漂到了一个浅滩上搁浅，作者等人虽然经历了惊恐，但最终安全脱险。在课文讲解过程中，可以引导学生体会作者在危险情境中的心理变化，如从最初的轻松到遭遇危险时的惊慌失措，以及对各种航海场景和动作描写的理解，帮助学生更好地理解课文并提高阅读能力。 三、语法 过去完成进行时：表示在过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作或状态，强调动作的持续性。例如：Before the rudder was damaged, we had been sailing quite smoothly.（在船舵损坏之前，我们一直航行得很顺利。）这里 had been sailing 就是过去完成进行时，表明在船舵损坏这个过去动作之前，航行顺利这个动作一直在持续。 一般过去时与过去进行时的结合使用：课文中在描述一系列过去发生的动作时，常同时出现这两种时态。一般过去时用于描述某个瞬间完成的动作或事件，而过去进行时用于描述在某个过去时间点正在进行的动作。例如：I was just dozing off when the alarm rang.（我正在打瞌睡时，警报响了。）其中 was dozing 是过去进行时，表示当时正在进行的动作，rang 是一般过去时，表示瞬间发生的动作。 四、习题 （一）词汇习题 用所给单词的适当形式填空 The _______ (current) situation is quite different from what it was before. She watched the balloon _______ (float) higher and higher. The news filled him with _______ (dismay). They are living in a _______ (temporary) shelter. The swimmer _______ (cling) to the lifebuoy until the rescue team arrived. 单项选择 The ship was _______ by the strong current. A. floated B. drifted C. steered D. thrust He tried to _______ the conversation away from that unpleasant topic. A. float B. steer C. thrust D. cling We should _______ our natural resources. A. conserve B. reserve C. preserve D. deserve （二）阅读理解习题 根据课文内容，回答下列问题 What happened to the rudder of the boat? What did the author see when the boat was drifting? How did the boat finally stop? 阅读短文并回答问题 A small boat was sailing in the sea. Suddenly, a strong wind started blowing and the waves became very high. The sailors on the boat tried to control it, but the boat was pushed towards a rocky shore. They were very frightened. One of the sailors remembered that there was a small bay not far away. He managed to steer the boat in that direction. After a difficult journey, they finally reached the bay and the boat was safe. (1) What caused the boat to be in danger? A. A strong current. B. A strong wind and high waves. C. A broken rudder. D. A collision with another ship. (2) How did the sailors solve the problem? A. They waited for the wind to stop. B. They called for help. C. They steered the boat to a bay. D. They jumped into the water and swam to the shore. (3) What was the result of their efforts? A. The boat sank. B. The boat was damaged. C. The boat reached a safe place. D. The boat was pushed further out to sea. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$