精品解析：山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题（A）

2024—2025学年度第一学期期中考试 高一英语试题（A） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school party. B. In a clothing shop. C. At home. 2. What will the woman most probably drink? A. Tea. B. Coffee. C. Water. 3 How long will it take the woman to get to the theater? A. About 10 minutes. B. About 15 minutes. C. About 25 minutes. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Asking for advice. B. Sharing sales skills. C. Watching advertisements. 5. What are the speakers going to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go dancing. C. Go cycling. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Coworkers. C. Shop assistant and customer. 7. Why does Charlie look different? A. He wears glasses. B. He wears a new coat. C. He gets much thinner. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When will the event end? A. At 10:00 am. B. At 11:00 am. C. At 11:30 am. 9. What does the man want to do at the event? A. Play games. B. Meet a writer. C. Borrow books. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think of cooking? A. It is hard to learn. B. He has a gift for it. C. There’s no need to take a course. 11. Why is the woman interested in the cooking course? A. She is a vegetarian. B. She wants to keep fit. C. She wants to treat her best friends. 12. How does the woman find tap dancing? A. Challenging. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman busy doing today? A. Doing her homework. B. Playing with her friends. C. Watching the weather report. 14. Why does the man dislike the rainy day? A. It brings bad luck. B. It makes him wet. C. It keeps him at home. 15. What is the new coating material used for? A. Keeping clothes dry in rain. B. Making sun-protective jackets. C. Protecting building from being wet. 16. What is the man’s attitude toward the jacket? A. Interested. B. Unconcerned. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which place did the speaker visit first? A. A theater. B. An old palace. C. A fallen library. 18. Where did the speaker have lunch on the first day? A. In a factory. B. Next to a lake. C. Beside a waterfall. 19. What was the most popular water sport on the second day? A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Water - skiing. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A holiday tour. B. His favorite activities. C. Life in the countryside. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four wonderful online activities Basic Mediation (调解) Skills Training Date and time: July 22, 9 pm — August 2, 2 pm During this training, you will learn the basic knowledge of mediation, including communication strategies and talk skills. Our experienced instructors will guide you through real-life cases and case studies, allowing you to practice and apply your new-found knowledge. Online Creative Writing Summer Camp Date and time: July 9, 1 pm — 5pm Welcome to Online Creative Writing Summer Camp! Get ready to discover your creativity from the comfort of your own home. This camp is designed for writers of all levels who want to improve their skills and learn new skills. Don’t miss this chance to connect with fellow writers, receive feedback (反馈) on your work, and take your writing to the next level. Youth Innevation (创新) Program at Lasell University About this event: Event lasts 12 hours Lasell University’s pre-college programs are for middle and high school students to explore their creativity and build the important life skills to give them what they need to succeed in life. Do you love shoes? Ever wonder how shoe innovators come up with their designs? Take this 4-week course and learn from Senior Footwear Innovator about the design and development of shoes. Maths: Understanding fluency Date and time: Wednesday, 3 July 19:45 — 20:45 Years: Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Primary Mathematical fluency is related to the development of number sense, which allows learners to understand numbers deeply and use them freely. This course explores how we can help learners to think effectively (有效地) so they have the skills to fall back on if they are unable to remember fluency facts and also to help them to solve problems that are related to numbers. 1. What can people get in the writing camp? A. New writing materials. B. Chances to become famous. C. Experience from different authors. D. Chances to publish their own works. 2. What is the goal of the program at Lasell University? A. To increase students’ sense of fashion. B. To design shoes for younger children. C. To make students prepared for the college life. D. To let students know about the shoe industry. 3. What do the four activities have in common? A. They all focus on usefulness. B. They are based on real-life cases. C. They encourage people’s creativity. D. They are designed by experienced instructors. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有用的网上活动课程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Online Creative Writing Summer Camp部分“Don’t miss this chance to connect with fellow writers, receive feedback (反馈) on your work, and take your writing to the next level.(不要错过这个与其他作家交流的机会，接受对你作品的反馈，并将你的写作提升到一个新的水平。)”可知，在这个写作夏令营中，人们可以与其他作家交流，得到不同作家的经验。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Youth Innevation (创新) Program at Lasell University部分“Lasell University’s pre-college programs are for middle and high school students to explore their creativity and build the important life skills to give them what they need to succeed in life.(Lasell大学的预科课程面向中学生和高中生，旨在探索他们的创造力，培养重要的生活技能，为他们提供生活中取得成功所需的东西。)”可知，Lasell大学的这个项目是面向中学生和高中生的大学预科课程，其目标是让学生为大学生活做好准备。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Basic Mediation (调解) Skills Training部分“During this training, you will learn the basic knowledge of mediation, including communication strategies and talk skills.(在这次培训中，你将学习调解的基本知识，包括沟通策略和谈话技巧。)”可知，基本调解技能培训是学习调解的沟通策略和谈话技巧，注重的是实用性；根据文章部分Online Creative Writing Summer Camp“This camp is designed for writers of all levels who want to improve their skills and learn new skills.(这一营地是为想要提高技能和学习新技能的各个水平的作家而设计的。)”可知，在线创意写作夏令营是为了提高作家的技能和学习新的技能，其关注的是实用性；根据文章Youth Innevation (创新) Program at Lasell University部分“Lasell University’s pre-college programs are for middle and high school students to explore their creativity and build the important life skills to give them what they need to succeed in life.(Lasell大学的预科课程面向中学生和高中生，旨在探索他们的创造力，培养重要的生活技能，为他们提供生活中取得成功所需的东西。)”可知，Lasell大学的这个项目是面向中学生和高中生的大学预科课程，其目标是让学生为大学生活做好准备，故其关注的是实用性；根据文章Maths: Understanding fluency部分“This course explores how we can help learners to think effectively (有效地) so they have the skills to fall back on if they are unable to remember fluency facts and also to help them to solve problems that are related to numbers.(这一课程探讨了我们如何帮助学习者有效地思考，这样他们就有了在无法流畅地解决问题时可以依靠的能力，并帮助他们解决与数字相关的问题。)”可知，数学课程是为了帮助学者解决与数字相关的问题，其关注的是实用性。由此可推知，这四个活动的共同点是它们都关注实用性。故选A。 B When I was a kid, my dad would often recite poems to me, especially short, funny ones. One that I especially loved was a short poem called The Purple Cow, written by a man named Gelett Burgess, which read: I never saw a purple cow. I never hope to see one. But I can tell you, anyhow, I’d rather see than be one. Gelett Burgess was an American writer, poet, and humorist, who was famous for his children’s poems. Born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1866, Burgess moved to San Francisco, California in 1887 after graduating from college. There he began his career as a freelance (自由职业者) artist and illustrator (插画师) before turning to writing just a few years later. One of Burgess’ most famous works is The Goops, a series of illustrated children’s poems. The Goops poems describe a group of misbehaving children who are taught lessons about manners and good behavior through lighthearted poetry and playful black-and-white illustrations. He first published these poems in a magazine called The Lark that he created with a group of friends, including children’s poet and mystery writer Carolyn Wells. His poem The Purple Cow also first appeared in The Lark in 1895. It became such a famous and popular poem that strangers would often recite it to him. Finally, Burgess became so sick of hearing it. In addition to poetry, short stories and novels, Burgess even wrote a dictionary of words he invented called Burgess Unabridged: A New Dictionary of Words You Have Always Needed, in which he coined the word “blurb”, which is still commonly used today. Burgess passed away in 1951 but his work has continued to be enjoyed by readers of all ages. His poetry and children’s books remain popular to this day. His unique style and sense of humor made him a beloved person in American literature. 4. What is mentioned about Gelett Burgess after he moved to San Francisco? A. He attended college there. B. He lived a very difficult life. C. He did not take up writing at first. D. He became famous as an illustrator. 5. Which of the following could describe The Goops? A. They are really interesting. B. They are well received by writers. C. They pioneered a new form of poetry. D. They made Burgess create a magazine. 6. What did the strangers’ behavior show? A. Burgess was often made fun of by his fans. B. Burgess’ poems were difficult to remember. C. Burgess liked reciting his poems to readers. D. Burgess’ poem The Purple Cow was greatly loved. 7. What does the last paragraph show about Gelett Burgess? A. He is still known as a writer today. B. He has influenced many new poets. C. His poems have become out of date. D. His poems are mainly popular with kids. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国作家、诗人和幽默家Gelett Burgess的生平事迹，包括他的代表作、创作经历以及他在美国文学中的地位。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1866, Burgess moved to San Francisco, California in 1887 after graduating from college. There he began his career as a freelance (自由职业者) artist and illustrator (插画师) before turning to writing just a few years later.(Burgess于1866年出生在马萨诸塞州的波士顿，1887年大学毕业后搬到了加利福尼亚州的旧金山。在那里，他开始了他的自由职业艺术家和插画师的生涯，几年后才转向写作)”可知，Gelett Burgess搬到旧金山后，起初并没有从事写作，而是先成为了一名自由职业艺术家和插画师。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The Goops poems describe a group of misbehaving children who are taught lessons about manners and good behavior through lighthearted poetry and playful black-and-white illustrations.(《The Goops》描述了一群行为不端的孩子，他们通过轻松的诗歌和有趣的黑白插图学习礼仪和良好行为)”可知，《The Goops》描述的是一群行为不端的孩子，通过轻松的诗歌和有趣的插图来教导他们礼仪和良好行为，由此可推知这些诗歌很有趣。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“It became such a famous and popular poem that strangers would often recite it to him. Finally, Burgess became so sick of hearing it.(这首诗变得如此著名和受欢迎，以至于陌生人经常会对他吟诵。最后，Burgess都听腻了)”可知，陌生人经常对Burgess吟诵《The Purple Cow》，这表明这首诗非常受欢迎，深受人们喜爱。故选D项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Burgess passed away in 1951, but his work has continued to be enjoyed by readers of all ages. His poetry and children’s books remain popular to this day. His unique style and sense of humor made him a beloved person in American literature.(Burgess于1951年去世，但他的作品仍然受到各年龄段读者的喜爱。他的诗歌和儿童书籍至今仍很受欢迎。他独特的风格和幽默感使他在美国文学中备受爱戴)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了Burgess虽然去世了，但他的作品仍然受到各年龄段读者的喜爱，他独特的风格和幽默感使他在美国文学中备受爱戴，即他今天仍以作家的身份为人们所熟知。故选A项。 C Though flying cars aren’t flying across our skies, the technology to make them is present, says Xiaosong Du, an engineer at Missouri University of Science and Technology in Rolla. Many companies, such as Terrafugia, are working to make flying cars a reality. It wouldn’t be practical for flying cars to take off like airplanes, Du says. For that, they’d need runways, which would take up lots of space. Instead, a flying car would take off like a helicopter. Rotating blades (叶片) would cut through the air, producing a force known as lift to bring the flying cars off the ground. Another choice is to add propellers (螺旋桨) to a flying car’s wings. The wings would be tilted (倾斜) upwards, so that the propellers could lift the flying car. Once the car takes off, the wings would tilt to lay flat, like those on a normal airplane, says Pat Anderson, the former director of the Eagle Flight Research Center at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Dayton a Beach, Florida. Imagine a world where you could beat rush-hour traffic by simply lifting off the ground and flying over the other drivers. This could be especially useful as the world’s population continues to grow. “I think that, finally, we’ll see a day when we use flying cars to help us get around,” Anderson says. “Or else, Earth will be a pretty congested place for traffic.” “Flying takes much power, especially during takeoff. Present batteries (电池) can only support flying cars for 20-30 minutes,” Du says. “And while a car that runs out of charge can simply pull over, a flying car would fall out of the sky.” Therefore, it’s important that these batteries last. After the engineers make sure flying cars are safe and energy-saving, a big step would be to make flying cars self-driving. Self-driving cars on the ground are still uncommon. If self-driving cars ever got off the ground, kids of the future might be able to head straight to the skies. 8. Why does the author mention helicopters and airplanes? A. To show the technology used in flying cars. B. To compare their influence on flying cars. C. To share experts’ attitudes to flying cars. D. To explain how flying cars work. 9. What does the underlined word “congested” mean in paragraph 4? A. Unordered. B. Crowded. C. Noisy. D. Large. 10. What does Xiaosong Du think of flying cars? A. They are pioneering. B. They need to be improved. C. They will be widely accepted. D. They will satisfy many drivers. 11. What does the last paragraph say about flying cars? A. Their future development. B. Their application in daily life. C. Their environmental friendliness. D. Their popularity among children. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞行汽车的相关技术、起飞方式、作用、面临的挑战以及未来发展等。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It wouldn’t be practical for flying cars to take off like airplanes, Du says. For that, they’d need runways, which would take up lots of space. Instead, a flying car would take off like a helicopter. Rotating blades would cut through the air, producing a force known as lift to bring the flying cars off the ground. (飞行汽车像飞机那样起飞是不切实际的，杜说。因为那样它们就需要跑道，这会占用大量空间。相反，飞行汽车会像直升机一样起飞。旋转的叶片会切开空气，产生一种称为升力的力，使飞行汽车离开地面。)”可推知，作者提到直升机和飞机是为了解释飞行汽车的起飞方式，即飞行汽车会像直升机一样起飞，而不是像飞机那样需要跑道。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Imagine a world where you could beat rush-hour traffic by simply lifting off the ground and flying over the other drivers. This could be especially useful as the world’s population continues to grow. “I think that, finally, we’ll see a day when we use flying cars to help us get around,” Anderson says.(想象一下，你只需离地起飞，飞越其他司机，就能避开交通高峰时段。随着世界人口的不断增长，这将尤其有用。安德森说：“我认为，最终，我们会看到有一天我们用飞行汽车来帮助我们四处走动。”)”可知，飞行汽车能帮助我们避开交通高峰时段，尤其在世界人口不断增长的情况下很有用。划线词所在句中“Or else”意为“否则”，相当于一个条件状语，假设了如果没有飞行汽车帮助我们四处走动，这时地球将会是一个拥挤的地方。划线词congested与Crowded同义，意思是“拥挤的”。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“‘Flying takes much power, especially during takeoff. Present batteries (电池) can only support flying cars for 20-30 minutes,’ Du says. ‘And while a car that runs out of charge can simply pull over, a flying car would fall out of the sky.’(‘飞行需要很多能量，尤其是在起飞时。目前的电池只能支持飞行汽车飞行20-30分钟，’杜说。‘虽然没电的汽车可以靠边停车，但飞行中的汽车没电会从空中掉下来。’)”可知，Xiaosong Du提到了飞行汽车目前面临的电池续航问题，由此推知，他认为飞行汽车还需要改进。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After the engineers make sure flying cars are safe and energy-saving, a big step would be to make flying cars self-driving. Self-driving cars on the ground are still uncommon. If self-driving cars ever got off the ground, kids of the future might be able to head straight to the skies.(在工程师确保飞行汽车安全节能之后，下一步就是让飞行汽车实现自动驾驶。地面上的自动驾驶汽车仍然不常见。如果自动驾驶汽车真的起飞了，未来的孩子们或许能直接飞向天空。)”可知，本段主要介绍了飞行汽车的未来发展，即实现自动驾驶。故选A项。 D Research shows hearing loss, if left untreated, can increase the risk of falls and social loneliness. One study from scientists at Johns Hopkins University found that even people with mild hearing loss doubled their risk of dementia (痴呆症). Now a new study finds that restoring (恢复) hearing with hearing aids may lengthen people’s lives. Using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national study, Dr. Janet Choi, a scientist with Keck Medicine of USC, and her workmates tracked the situation of nearly 1,900 adults with hearing loss. The adults completed a list of questions about their use of hearing aids. “The group of patients who were using hearing aids regularly had a 24% lower risk of death than the group who never use hearing aids,” Choi says. It means the adults who were in the habit of wearing hearing aids were less likely to die early. But this new study can’t prove that it’s the hearing aids that lead to longer life. It could be that people who regularly use hearing aids are also more likely to avoid being lonely, remain more active or have reduced risk of falls, which could explain the increased longevity (寿命). Given the benefits, Choi says it’s shocking how few people with hearing loss wear hearing aids regularly - just 12%, according to her study. And she says another striking finding is that the people in the study who had hearing aids but didn’t use them regularly were as likely to die early as those who never used them. Choi was born with hearing loss in one ear. For years she says she refused the idea of wearing hearing aids, given that her hearing was good in the other ear. But when she became a doctor, she realized she was missing out. Now she uses hearing aids regularly. “There were many sounds I was missing,” she says. Now, her hearing has greatly improved. “I’m happy I got hearing aids,” she says. So, if you have hearing aids sitting in the back of a drawer, not being used, Choi says, try them again. 12. How did the researchers get the results? A. By interviewing a lot of patients. B. By referring to another related study. C. By performing some experiments. D. By examining harms of hearing loss. 13. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. The method to live a longer life. B. The purpose of the study. C. The necessity of wearing hearing aids. D. The reason for hearing aids to lengthen life. 14. What shocks Dr. Janet Choi? A. Few patients restore hearing. B. Some patients fail to get hearing aids. C. Most patients often misuse hearing aids. D. Many patients refuse to use hearing aids often. 15. What does the author aim to do by sharing Dr. Janet Choi’s personal experience? A. To show the benefits hearing aids can offer. B. To encourage patients to follow doctors’ advice. C. To stress Choi’s difficulty in wearing hearing aids. D. To explain the reason why Choi refused hearing aids. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听力损失的危害，以及一项新研究发现使用助听器可以延长人们的寿命，并介绍了相关研究的内容。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national study, Dr. Janet Choi, a scientist with Keck Medicine of USC, and her workmates tracked the situation of nearly 1,900 adults with hearing loss. (南加州大学凯克医学院的科学家Janet Choi博士和她的同事利用全国健康与营养调查的数据，对近1900名听力损失的成年人进行了跟踪调查)”可知，研究人员是通过参考一项全国性的相关调查研究来获得结果的。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But this new study can’t prove that it’s the hearing aids that lead to longer life. It could be that people who regularly use hearing aids are also more likely to avoid being lonely, remain more active or have reduced risk of falls, which could explain the increased longevity (寿命). (但这项新研究并不能证明是助听器导致了更长的寿命。可能是经常使用助听器的人也更有可能避免孤独，保持更活跃，或者降低摔倒的风险，这可以解释寿命的延长)”可知，本段解释了为什么助听器能延长寿命，即可能是因为经常使用助听器的人更有可能避免孤独，保持活跃，或者降低摔倒的风险。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Given the benefits, Choi says it’s shocking how few people with hearing loss wear hearing aids regularly - just 12%, according to her study. (考虑到这些好处，Choi说，令人震惊的是，根据她的研究，只有12%的听力损失患者会定期佩戴助听器)”可知，令Dr. Janet Choi震惊的是，只有12%的听力损失患者经常佩戴助听器，即许多患者拒绝经常使用助听器。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Choi was born with hearing loss in one ear. For years she says she refused the idea of wearing hearing aids, given that her hearing was good in the other ear. But when she became a doctor, she realized she was missing out. Now she uses hearing aids regularly. ‘There were many sounds I was missing,’ she says. Now, her hearing has greatly improved. ‘I’m happy I got hearing aids,’ she says. (Choi一只耳朵天生就有听力损失。多年来，她说她一直拒绝戴助听器的想法，因为她的另一只耳朵听力很好。但当她成为一名医生后，她意识到自己错过了很多。现在她经常使用助听器。她说：“有很多声音我都错过了。”现在，她的听力大大提高了。“我很高兴我有了助听器，”她说)”和最后一段“So, if you have hearing aids sitting in the back of a drawer, not being used, Choi says, try them again.(所以，如果你有助听器放在抽屉后面，没有使用，Choi说，再试一次)”可知，作者通过分享Dr. Janet Choi的个人经历，旨在展示助听器的好处，并鼓励那些有听力损失但不使用助听器的人尝试使用助听器。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rain is pouring hard and fast — more than eight inches in just an hour, turning river water brown with mud. Earthworms (蚯蚓) move up to the ground as the soil becomes too wet for them. ____16____ During a rainstorm, the water that comes from rain goes to different places. Some of it runs off into rivers, lakes, or city watercourses. Other water evaporates (蒸发) and returns to the atmosphere. ____17____ It runs through the top surface of the ground, to the part of plants that grows below the surface. Floods can form slowly over several days or can flood an area with little warning. Slow-forming river flooding happens in floodplains (漫滩). When big storms hit, the water floods over the banks and spreads out across the plains. It brings nutrients (营养物) to the soil, which is good for growing crops. ____18____ However, too much water can destroy crops and damage homes. Another type of flooding is called a flash flood, when a flood happens within six hours of a heavy rainfall — as much as eight inches an hour. With no place to go, the moving water will run quickly through highways, and wash away cars, roads, bridges, and houses. ____19____ On coastlines, hurricane rains cause water levels to rise, and the high winds push that water onto land. This also causes flash flooding. ____20____ If flooding has already started where you are, move to the highest place you can find. Bring as much food and water as possible. Never walk through flood water, especially if it’s moving. If you must walk through water to get away, walk where the water is still. A. A flood might be coming. B. How can you survive a flood? C. What should you prepare for a flood? D. But much of the rainwater is taken in by soil. E. That’s why many people live in or near floodplains. F. The soil would become too wet to take in more water. G Quickly melting ice and snow can also cause flash flooding. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了雨量过大时，各种类型洪水形成原因及其对环境的影响，以及如何在洪水中保护自己。 【16题详解】 由上文“Rain is pouring hard and fast — more than eight inches in just an hour, turning river water brown with mud. Earthworms move up to the ground as the soil becomes too wet for them. (大雨倾盆而下，仅仅一个小时就下了8英寸多，河水被泥土染成了棕色。蚯蚓爬上地面，因为土壤对它们来说太湿了。)”可知，上文描述的急速降水、河流变色、蚯蚓爬上地面的现象，这暗示了一个恶劣天气状况下的紧急情况。空处承上启下，需要一个句子来警告或指出这种情况可能导致的结果，A选项“A flood might be coming. (洪水可能要来了。)”指出暴雨可能导致洪水到来的风险，起到了警示作用，能承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 由上文“During a rainstorm, the water that comes from rain goes to different places. Some of it runs off into rivers, lakes, or city watercourses. Other water evaporates and returns to the atmosphere. (在暴雨期间，雨水会流向不同的地方。其中一些流入河流、湖泊或城市水道。其他的水蒸发并返回到大气中。)”和下文“It runs through the top surface of the ground, to the part of plants that grows below the surface. (它穿过地面的表层，一直延伸到植物生长在地表以下的部分。)”可知，上文描述了雨水的去向，下文描述雨水被土壤吸收的过程。空处应强调雨水被土壤吸收，D选项“But much of the rainwater is taken in by soil. (但是大量的雨水被土壤吸收)”是对雨水去向的补充说明，能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 由上文“Slow-forming river flooding happens in floodplains. When big storms hit, the water floods over the banks and spreads out across the plains. It brings nutrients to the soil, which is good for growing crops. (缓慢形成的河流洪水发生在洪泛区。当暴风雨来袭时，洪水淹没了河岸，蔓延到平原上。它给土壤带来养分，这对种植作物有好处。)”可知，缓慢形成的河流洪水发生在漫滩上，带来土壤养分，有利于作物生长。空处应与洪水带来的正面影响有关，E选项“That’s why many people live in or near floodplains. (这就是为什么许多人生活在洪泛区或附近。)”解释了为什么许多人选择居住在或靠近漫滩，因为洪水带来的好处，能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 由上文“Another type of flooding is called a flash flood, when a flood happens within six hours of a heavy rainfall — as much as eight inches an hour. With no place to go, the moving water will run quickly through highways, and wash away cars, roads, bridges, and houses. (另一种类型的洪水被称为山洪，当暴雨发生后6小时内发生洪水——每小时多达8英寸。由于无处可去，流动的水会迅速流过高速公路，冲走汽车、道路、桥梁和房屋。)”和下文“On coastlines, hurricane rains cause water levels to rise, and the high winds push that water onto land. This also causes flash flooding. (在海岸线上，飓风降雨导致水位上升，强风将水推到陆地上。这也会导致山洪暴发。)”可知，上文和下文都介绍了洪水形成的原因。空处应与洪水的其他成因有关，G选项“Quickly melting ice and snow can also cause flash flooding. (快速融化的冰雪也会导致山洪暴发。)”是对洪水成因的补充，能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 由下文“If flooding has already started where you are, move to the highest place you can find. Bring as much food and water as possible. Never walk through flood water, especially if it’s moving. If you must walk through water to get away, walk where the water is still. (如果你所在的地方已经开始发生洪水，那就搬到你能找到的最高的地方。带尽可能多的食物和水。千万不要在洪水中行走，尤其是在洪水还在流动的时候。如果你必须穿过水才能离开，那就走在没有水的地方。)”可知，下文介绍了洪水发生时人们应如何应对。空处应与如何在洪水中生存有关，B选项“How can you survive a flood? (你怎么能在洪水中幸存下来？)”直接提出了如何在洪水中生存的问题，引出下文的建议，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分65分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, my husband and I visited Cape Cod, a three-hour drive from Boston. Our daughter living in Salem ____21____ us off at a Boston tour bus stop at 8 am. And we decided to return to Salem by ____22____ on our own. After a happy day, we started our return journey to Boston at 6 pm. However, we ____23____ got off at the penultimate(倒数第二的)stop for the railway station. With his excellent memory and sense of direction, my husband felt ____24____ of finding the right way to the station. Unluckily, we found ourselves ____25____ in the street and had no cellphone to reach our daughter. Feeling hopeless, we sought ____26____ from a young man, who guided us to the station. There, we faced another ____27____: the ticket machine swallowed(吞)our coins and didn’t print out tickets. On ____28____ this, the young man bought us the tickets with a smile. We did give him the ticket money, but he ____29____ our offer. “No thanks,” he said, reaching the platform with us and waving us goodbye. His friendly wave deeply touched us. As the train left, his kindness gave us a lasting _____30_____, a shining example of kindness in a(n) _____31_____ city. Back home, we _____32_____ the story and our family agreed that his act should earn _____33_____ in Boston Globe. Regrettably, in the rush and chaos(混乱), we _____34_____ to learn his name. However, we still hoped that by sharing our story, we could encourage others to _____35_____, no matter what the situation is. 21. A. put B. got C. sent D. dropped 22. A. bus B. train C. car D. air 23. A. secretly B. suddenly C. accidentally D. wisely 24. A. confident B. tired C. afraid D. proud 25. A. annoyed B. lonely C. hungry D. lost 26. A. service B. aid C. advice D. reference 27. A. cheat B. task C. problem D. challenge 28. A. noticing B. hearing C. tracking D. guessing 29. A. considered B. appreciated C. missed D. refused 30. A. peace B. impression C. message D. relationship 31. A. attractive B. nearby C. strange D. international 32. A. shared B. read C. followed D. learned 33. A. trust B. love C. support D. recognition 34. A. pretended B. failed C. struggled D. managed 35. A. carry on B. give back C. help out D. step forward 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和丈夫在前往Cape Cod旅行后，在返回途中迷路并得到一位年轻人无私帮助的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：早上8点，我们住在Salem的女儿把我们送到了波士顿的旅游巴士站。A. put放；B. got得到；C. sent发送；D. dropped（使）落下，留下，让……下车。根据“Boston tour bus stop”可知，女儿在车站让他们下车。drop off“将某人放在指定位置”，固定搭配。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们决定自己乘火车回Salem。A. bus公共汽车；B. train火车；C. car汽车；D. air空气。根据下文“got off at the penultimate(倒数第二的)stop for the railway station.”可知，此处指乘火车。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们不小心在火车站的倒数第二站下车了。A. secretly秘密地；B. suddenly突然地；C. accidentally意外地；D. wisely明知地。根据下文“With his excellent memory and sense of direction, my husband felt ____4____ of finding the right way to the station.”可知，作者和丈夫不小心在火车站的倒数第二站下车了。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凭借他出色的记忆力和方向感，我丈夫很有信心能找到去车站的正确路线。A. confident自信的；B. tired劳累的；C. afraid害怕的；D. proud骄傲的。根据“With his excellent memory and sense of direction”可知，因为有出色的记忆力和方向感，丈夫对找到正确路线很有信心。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们发现自己在街上迷路了，而且没有手机可以联系上我们的女儿。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. lonely孤独的；C. hungry饥饿的；D. lost迷路的。根据“my husband felt ____4____ of finding the right way to the station.”和“Unluckily”可知，作者和丈夫迷路了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感到绝望之际，我们向一位年轻人求助，他指引我们去了车站。A. service服务；B. aid帮助；C. advice建议；D. reference参考。根据“who guided us to the station.”可知，作者和丈夫向一位年轻人求助。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了那里，我们又遇到了另一个问题：售票机吞了我们的硬币，却没有打印出车票。A. cheat欺骗；B. task任务；C. problem问题；D. challenge挑战。根据“the ticket machine swallowed(吞)our coins and didn’t print out tickets.”可知，遇到了另一个问题。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：注意到这一点后，那位年轻人微笑着帮我们买了车票。A. noticing注意到；B. hearing听见；C. tracking追踪；D. guessing猜测。根据下文“the young man bought us the tickets with a smile.”可知，看到作者他们的新问题，年轻人主动帮忙。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们确实给了他车票钱，但他拒绝了我们的提议。A. considered考虑；B. appreciated感激；C. missed错过；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“. “No thanks,” he said”可知，年轻人拒绝了作者他们付钱的提议。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车离开时，他的善良给我们留下了深刻的印象，成为我们在一个陌生城市中遇到的善良典范。A. peace和平；B. impression印象；C. message信息；D. relationship关系。根据“His friendly wave deeply touched us.”可知，年轻人的善良给作者和丈夫留下了深刻印象。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attractive吸引人的；B. nearby附近的；C. strange陌生的；D. international国际的。根据“Last year, my husband and I visited Cape Cod, a three-hour drive from Boston.”可知，Cape Cod对他们来说是一个陌生的城市。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家后，我们分享了这个故事，家里人都认为他的行为应该在《波士顿环球报》上得到认可。A. shared分享；B. read阅读；C. followed跟随；D. learned学习。根据“the story and our family agreed that his act”可知，回到家后作者他们分享了这个故事。且下文“However, we still hoped that by sharing our story”也是提示。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. trust信任；B. love爱；C. support支持；D. recognition认可。根据上文“As the train left, his kindness gave us a lasting ____10____, a shining example of kindness in a(n) ____11____ city.”可知，作者和家人都认为这个年轻人的行为在《波士顿环球报》上得到认可。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，在匆忙和混乱中，我们没有问到他的名字。A. pretended假装；B. failed失败；C. struggled挣扎；D. managed管理。根据“Regrettably, in the rush and chaos”可知，作者和丈夫没能问到年轻人的名字。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我们仍然希望通过分享我们的故事，能够鼓励其他人在任何情况下都伸出援手。A. carry on继续；B. give back归还；C. help out帮助摆脱困境；D. step forward站出来。结合上文作者和丈夫得到年轻的帮助可知，作者希望通过分享他们的故事鼓励其他人在任何情况下都伸出援手。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Refugee (难民) Day celebrates the strength and courage of refugees around the world. Every moment of the day, people are leaving everything behind to get away ____36____ war, or the damaging effects of climate change and natural disasters. Across the world, a large number of people are forced to leave their homes. Because of this, the United Nations decided that refugees should have ____37____ special day, when we learn about and understand the problems they face and celebrate their strength and courage. The first World Refugee Day was in 2001, and it ____38____ (celebrate) on 20 June every year since then. When refugees leave their homes, they often have to go on very long and ____39____ (danger) journeys. Many people walk for many days instead of ____40____ (travel) by bus or car and don’t have enough food or water. ____41____(sad), a lot of refugees never reach their final destinations. When refugees arrive in a safe country, they can ask for permission(许可) to stay in the country. The people ____42____ are waiting to get permission to stay are called “asylum seekers”. A lot of people have to live in refugee camps while they are waiting. A lot of ____43____ (event) take place on 20 June in different countries. Many cities light up landmarks in blue ____44____ (show)solidarity(团结一致)with refugees. Some places hold concerts, art exhibitions or food festivals. In many countries there ____45____ (be)walks, runs, swims and bike rides to raise money for refugees. 【答案】36. from 37. a 38. has been celebrated 39. dangerous 40. traveling 41. Sadly 42. who##that 43. events 44. to show 45. are 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界难民日的设立背景、意义以及庆祝活动。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：每一天的每一刻，人们都在离开一切，逃离战争或气候变化和自然灾害带来的破坏性影响。get away from为固定短语，译为“逃离，远离”。故填from。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，联合国决定难民应该有一个特别的日子，在这一天我们可以了解并理解他们所面临的问题，并庆祝他们的力量和勇气。空处用不定冠词泛指“一个”修饰“special day”，special第一个音节为辅音音素，所以用冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：第一个世界难民日是在2001年，从那以后每年6月20日都会庆祝。由时间状语“since then”可知，句子表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时态，句子的主语it与celebrate构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been celebrated。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当难民离开家园时，他们通常不得不踏上漫长而危险的旅程。空处应用形容词dangerous“危险的”修饰journeys。故填dangerous。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：许多人步行数日而不是乘坐公共汽车或汽车旅行，并且没有足够的食物和水。instead of后接名词、代词或动名词，空处使用动名词traveling作宾语。故填traveling。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：令人悲伤的是，许多难民从未到达他们的最终目的地。空处用副词sadly“悲伤地”来修饰整个句子，表达一种情感色彩，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Sadly。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：等待获得居留许可的人被称为“寻求庇护者”。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who/that。故填who/that 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：6月20日在不同国家举行了许多活动。根据前面的“a lot of”可知，这里需要用复数形式events。故填events。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多城市点亮蓝色地标以示对难民的团结。空处用动词不定式to show作目的状语。故填to show。 【45题详解】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在许多国家，有步行、跑步、游泳和骑自行车等活动为难民筹款。本句考查There be句型，句子描述的是一个普遍存在的事实，应用一般现在时，主语“walks, runs, swims and bike rides”是复数，所以用be动词的复数形式。故填are。 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. The g______ (家伙) next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】guy##uy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我旁边的人一直想跟我说话。根据中英文提示可知应用名词guy，作主语，结合语境此处指“我”旁边的那个人，应用单数形式。故填guy。 47. I miss my friends from j______ (初级的) high school. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】junior##unior 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我怀念我初中高中的朋友们。本空用形容词junior“初级的”，作前置定语，修饰名词high school。故填junior。 48. I’m c______ (好奇的) about everything. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】curious##urious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对一切都感到好奇。本空用形容词curious“好奇的”，作表语。故填curious。 49. They are a______ (成年人) and can’t understand me. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】adults##dults 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们都是成年人了，无法理解我。根据中英文提示可知应用名词adult，根据上文are可知用复数。故填adults。 50. We spent three days enjoying the plants and animals u______ (唯一的) to the rainforest. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】unique##nique 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们花了三天时间欣赏雨林独有的动植物。“唯一的”修饰名词plants and animals，结合首字母和中文提示，用形容词unique作后置定语。故填unique。 51. Some farmers discovered the tombs while they were d______ (挖掘) a well. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】digging##igging 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：一些农民在挖井时发现了这些坟墓。“挖掘”作分句谓语，根据首字母提示，用动词dig，结合句意和助动词were可知，描述过去正在发生的事情，用现在分词digging构成过去进行时态。故填digging。 52. Revise your draft according to your partner’s c______(评论). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】comments##omments 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：根据搭档的评论修改草稿。comment是可数名词，此处用复数名词表泛指。故填comments。 53. Zhangjiakou will h______ (主办) the Youth Ski Race in December. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】host##ost 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：张家口将于12月举办青少年滑雪比赛。空格处用动词host“举办，主办”，本空用动词原形，与空前的will构成一般将来时，陈述将要发生的事。故填host。 54. The secret to success is learning from f______ (失败). (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】failures##ailures 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。根据中英文提示可知应用名词failure，此处为抽象名词具体化，数量大于一应用复数形式。故填failures。 55. O______ (显然), we don’t want to spend too much money．(根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】Obviously 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，我们不想花太多的钱。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“显然”可知，应填副词obviously，作状语，修饰后文整个句子。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Obviously。 第四节 翻译（共6小题；76—80每小题3分，81题10分；满分25分） 56. 我没办法专心做实验。(汉译英) 【答案】I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；“集中”用固定短语concentrate on表达，“没办法”即“不能”，故“没办法专心……”表达为couldn’t concentrate on，“实验”用experiment表达，作宾语，此处为特指，用定冠词修饰。综上，故翻译为I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. 57. 上网时间过多不利于健康。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】Spending too much time online is unhealthy. 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词和时态。本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语“上网时间过多”译为Spending too much time online，动名词短语作主语谓语动词用单数is，“不健康的”译为unhealthy作表语。故译为Spending too much time online is unhealthy. 58. 我想让你看一下这里的美丽风景。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】I want you to take a look at the beautiful scenery here. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“想”用want，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用动词原形。表示“你”用you，作宾语。表示“看一下”用take a look at，用不定式，作宾补。表示“美丽风景”用the beautiful scenery，作take a look at宾语。表示“这里”用here。故翻译为I want you to take a look at the beautiful scenery here. 59. 我建议你和你朋友谈谈他的行为。(汉译英) 【答案】I recommend that you (should) talk to your friend about his behavior. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和动词短语。句子在描述当前的行为，时态应用一般现在时；主语“我”用代词I，谓语“建议”可用动词recommend；“你和你朋友谈谈他的行为”为建议的内容，可用that引导名词性从句作recommend的宾语，从句中主语“你”用代词you，“和某人谈谈某事”可用动词短语talk to sb. about sth.，且从句应用虚拟语气，谓语使用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可省略，“你朋友”应用名词短语your friend，作to的宾语，“他的行为”应用名词短语his behavior，作about的宾语。故译为：I recommend that you (should) talk to your friend about his behavior. 60. 秘鲁（Peru）将会提供给游客们古老的印加（Inca）文化让他们去体验。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】Peru will offer tourists the ancient Inca culture for them to experience. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，句子陈述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时。表示“秘鲁”应用Peru ，在本句中作主语；表示“将会提供”应用will offer，在本句中作谓语；表示“游客们”应用tourists，“古老的印加（Inca）文化”应用the ancient Inca culture ，在本句中作间接宾语和直接宾语；表示“让他们去体验”应用for them to experience，在本句中作目的状语。故翻译为Peru will offer tourists the ancient Inca culture for them to experience. 61. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己选什么课程。学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。我知道中文是一门十分难学的语言，但我希望在毕业时能说一口流利的汉语。指导老师还建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】First, I had to seriously consider what courses I should choose. The school adviser helped me choose suitable ones: Math, English, Chemistry, World History, and Chinese. I know Chinese is a very difficult language to learn, but I hope to speak fluent Chinese when I graduate. The adviser also recommended that I sign up for Advanced Literature because I enjoy English and perform well in it. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句，动词不定式和虚拟语气。表示“首先”应用first，位于句首，首字母大写。根据句意可知，“我考虑”和“导师帮助我”这些动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。表示“我认真地考虑”应用I had to seriously consider，副词seriously修饰动词consider；表示“自己选什么课程”应用what courses I should choose，作consider的宾语从句，what courses在从句中充作choose的宾语。表示“学校的导师帮助我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。”应用The school adviser helped me choose suitable ones: Math, English, Chemistry, World History, and Chinese. 其中help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”为固定搭配，ones指代courses。表示“我知道中文是一门十分难学的语言”陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，可翻译为I know Chinese is a very difficult language to learn。“但我希望能说一口流利的汉语用一般现在时”陈述自己的愿望，用一般现在时，可翻译为but I hope to speak fluent Chinese，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”为固定搭配，动词不定式作宾语；表示“在毕业时”可翻译为when I graduate，作时间状语。表示“指导老师还建议我选修高级文学”用一般过去时态，可翻译为The adviser also recommended that I sign up for Advanced Literature，recommend后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用（should）+do，should可省略；表示“因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错”可翻译为because I enjoy English and perform well in it，because引导的原因状语从句。句首单词首字母应大写，故翻译为First, I had to seriously consider what courses I should choose. The school adviser helped me choose suitable ones: Math, English, Chemistry, World History, and Chinese. I know Chinese is a very difficult language to learn, but I hope to speak fluent Chinese when I graduate. The adviser also recommended that I sign up for Advanced Literature because I enjoy English and perform well in it. 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 62. 你校英文报正在组织题为My Favourite Sport的作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．你最喜欢的运动; 2．该运动给你带来的改变。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Favourite Sport ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My Favorite Sport Different people like different sports. My favorite sport is basketball.      The first time I watched an NBA game, I became crazy about basketball because the stars looked so cool on TV. I love basketball for two main reasons. For one thing, it requires me to run, jump, switch and try on hit! I am like a wind flying from my goal, which makes me feel so great! For another, basketball, a team sport, makes it necessary to cooperate with others. Therefore, I can make many good friends while playing. I have played basketball for more than three years and it will still be my favorite sport in the future. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇开放作文。要求考生以“My Favorite Sport”为题，写一篇英语短文参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……疯狂：become crazy about→be passionate about 喜欢：love→be fond of 需要：require→demand 必需的：necessary→essential 2. 句式拓展 简单句变为复合句 原句：For another, basketball, a team sport, makes it necessary to cooperate with others. 拓展句：For another, basketball, which is a team sport, makes it necessary to cooperate with others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 The first time I watched an NBA game, I became crazy about basketball because the stars looked so cool on TV.（运用了时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】 I am like a wind flying from my goal, which makes me feel so great!（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第一学期期中考试 高一英语试题（A） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a school party. B. In a clothing shop. C. At home. 2. What will the woman most probably drink? A. Tea. B. Coffee. C. Water. 3. How long will it take the woman to get to the theater? A. About 10 minutes. B. About 15 minutes. C. About 25 minutes. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Asking for advice. B. Sharing sales skills. C. Watching advertisements. 5. What are the speakers going to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go dancing. C. Go cycling. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Coworkers. C. Shop assistant and customer. 7 Why does Charlie look different? A. He wears glasses. B. He wears a new coat. C. He gets much thinner. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When will the event end? A. At 10:00 am. B. At 11:00 am. C. At 11:30 am. 9. What does the man want to do at the event? A Play games. B. Meet a writer. C. Borrow books. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think of cooking? A. It is hard to learn. B. He has a gift for it. C. There’s no need to take a course. 11. Why is the woman interested in the cooking course? A. She is a vegetarian. B. She wants to keep fit. C. She wants to treat her best friends. 12. How does the woman find tap dancing? A. Challenging. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman busy doing today? A. Doing her homework. B. Playing with her friends. C. Watching the weather report. 14. Why does the man dislike the rainy day? A. It brings bad luck. B. It makes him wet. C. It keeps him at home. 15. What is the new coating material used for? A. Keeping clothes dry in rain. B. Making sun-protective jackets. C. Protecting building from being wet. 16. What is the man’s attitude toward the jacket? A. Interested. B. Unconcerned. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which place did the speaker visit first? A. A theater. B. An old palace. C. A fallen library. 18. Where did the speaker have lunch on the first day? A. In a factory. B. Next to a lake. C. Beside a waterfall. 19. What was the most popular water sport on the second day? A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Water - skiing. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A holiday tour. B. His favorite activities. C. Life in the countryside. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four wonderful online activities Basic Mediation (调解) Skills Training Date and time: July 22, 9 pm — August 2, 2 pm During this training, you will learn the basic knowledge of mediation, including communication strategies and talk skills. Our experienced instructors will guide you through real-life cases and case studies, allowing you to practice and apply your new-found knowledge. Online Creative Writing Summer Camp Date and time: July 9, 1 pm — 5pm Welcome to Online Creative Writing Summer Camp! Get ready to discover your creativity from the comfort of your own home. This camp is designed for writers of all levels who want to improve their skills and learn new skills. Don’t miss this chance to connect with fellow writers, receive feedback (反馈) on your work, and take your writing to the next level. Youth Innevation (创新) Program at Lasell University About this event: Event lasts 12 hours Lasell University’s pre-college programs are for middle and high school students to explore their creativity and build the important life skills to give them what they need to succeed in life. Do you love shoes? Ever wonder how shoe innovators come up with their designs? Take this 4-week course and learn from Senior Footwear Innovator about the design and development of shoes. Maths: Understanding fluency Date and time: Wednesday, 3 July 19:45 — 20:45 Years: Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Primary Mathematical fluency is related to the development of number sense, which allows learners to understand numbers deeply and use them freely. This course explores how we can help learners to think effectively (有效地) so they have the skills to fall back on if they are unable to remember fluency facts and also to help them to solve problems that are related to numbers. 1. What can people get in the writing camp? A. New writing materials. B. Chances to become famous. C. Experience from different authors. D. Chances to publish their own works. 2. What is the goal of the program at Lasell University? A. To increase students’ sense of fashion. B. To design shoes for younger children. C. To make students prepared for the college life. D. To let students know about the shoe industry. 3. What do the four activities have in common? A. They all focus on usefulness. B. They are based on real-life cases. C. They encourage people’s creativity. D. They are designed by experienced instructors. B When I was a kid my dad would often recite poems to me, especially short, funny ones. One that I especially loved was a short poem called The Purple Cow, written by a man named Gelett Burgess, which read: I never saw a purple cow. I never hope to see one. But I can tell you, anyhow, I’d rather see than be one. Gelett Burgess was an American writer, poet, and humorist, who was famous for his children’s poems. Born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1866, Burgess moved to San Francisco, California in 1887 after graduating from college. There he began his career as a freelance (自由职业者) artist and illustrator (插画师) before turning to writing just a few years later. One of Burgess’ most famous works is The Goops, a series of illustrated children’s poems. The Goops poems describe a group of misbehaving children who are taught lessons about manners and good behavior through lighthearted poetry and playful black-and-white illustrations. He first published these poems in a magazine called The Lark that he created with a group of friends, including children’s poet and mystery writer Carolyn Wells. His poem The Purple Cow also first appeared in The Lark in 1895. It became such a famous and popular poem that strangers would often recite it to him. Finally, Burgess became so sick of hearing it. In addition to poetry, short stories and novels, Burgess even wrote a dictionary of words he invented called Burgess Unabridged: A New Dictionary of Words You Have Always Needed, in which he coined the word “blurb”, which is still commonly used today. Burgess passed away in 1951, but his work has continued to be enjoyed by readers of all ages. His poetry and children’s books remain popular to this day. His unique style and sense of humor made him a beloved person in American literature. 4. What is mentioned about Gelett Burgess after he moved to San Francisco? A. He attended college there. B. He lived a very difficult life. C. He did not take up writing at first. D. He became famous as an illustrator. 5. Which of the following could describe The Goops? A. They are really interesting. B. They are well received by writers. C. They pioneered a new form of poetry. D. They made Burgess create a magazine. 6. What did the strangers’ behavior show? A. Burgess was often made fun of by his fans. B. Burgess’ poems were difficult to remember. C. Burgess liked reciting his poems to readers. D. Burgess’ poem The Purple Cow was greatly loved. 7. What does the last paragraph show about Gelett Burgess? A. He is still known as a writer today. B. He has influenced many new poets. C. His poems have become out of date. D. His poems are mainly popular with kids. C Though flying cars aren’t flying across our skies, the technology to make them is present, says Xiaosong Du, an engineer at Missouri University of Science and Technology in Rolla. Many companies, such as Terrafugia, are working to make flying cars a reality. It wouldn’t be practical for flying cars to take off like airplanes, Du says. For that, they’d need runways, which would take up lots of space. Instead, a flying car would take off like a helicopter. Rotating blades (叶片) would cut through the air, producing a force known as lift to bring the flying cars off the ground. Another choice is to add propellers (螺旋桨) to a flying car’s wings. The wings would be tilted (倾斜) upwards, so that the propellers could lift the flying car. Once the car takes off, the wings would tilt to lay flat, like those on a normal airplane, says Pat Anderson, the former director of the Eagle Flight Research Center at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Dayton a Beach, Florida. Imagine a world where you could beat rush-hour traffic by simply lifting off the ground and flying over the other drivers. This could be especially useful as the world’s population continues to grow. “I think that, finally, we’ll see a day when we use flying cars to help us get around,” Anderson says. “Or else, Earth will be a pretty congested place for traffic.” “Flying takes much power, especially during takeoff. Present batteries (电池) can only support flying cars for 20-30 minutes,” Du says. “And while a car that runs out of charge can simply pull over, a flying car would fall out of the sky.” Therefore, it’s important that these batteries last. After the engineers make sure flying cars are safe and energy-saving, a big step would be to make flying cars self-driving. Self-driving cars on the ground are still uncommon. If self-driving cars ever got off the ground, kids of the future might be able to head straight to the skies. 8. Why does the author mention helicopters and airplanes? A. To show the technology used in flying cars. B. To compare their influence on flying cars. C. To share experts’ attitudes to flying cars. D. To explain how flying cars work. 9. What does the underlined word “congested” mean in paragraph 4? A. Unordered. B. Crowded. C. Noisy. D. Large. 10. What does Xiaosong Du think of flying cars? A. They are pioneering. B. They need to be improved. C. They will be widely accepted. D. They will satisfy many drivers. 11. What does the last paragraph say about flying cars? A. Their future development. B. Their application in daily life. C. Their environmental friendliness. D. Their popularity among children. D Research shows hearing loss, if left untreated, can increase the risk of falls and social loneliness. One study from scientists at Johns Hopkins University found that even people with mild hearing loss doubled their risk of dementia (痴呆症). Now a new study finds that restoring (恢复) hearing with hearing aids may lengthen people’s lives. Using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national study, Dr. Janet Choi, a scientist with Keck Medicine of USC, and her workmates tracked the situation of nearly 1,900 adults with hearing loss. The adults completed a list of questions about their use of hearing aids. “The group of patients who were using hearing aids regularly had a 24% lower risk of death than the group who never use hearing aids,” Choi says. It means the adults who were in the habit of wearing hearing aids were less likely to die early. But this new study can’t prove that it’s the hearing aids that lead to longer life. It could be that people who regularly use hearing aids are also more likely to avoid being lonely, remain more active or have reduced risk of falls, which could explain the increased longevity (寿命). Given the benefits, Choi says it’s shocking how few people with hearing loss wear hearing aids regularly - just 12%, according to her study. And she says another striking finding is that the people in the study who had hearing aids but didn’t use them regularly were as likely to die early as those who never used them. Choi was born with hearing loss in one ear. For years she says she refused the idea of wearing hearing aids, given that her hearing was good in the other ear. But when she became a doctor, she realized she was missing out. Now she uses hearing aids regularly. “There were many sounds I was missing,” she says. Now, her hearing has greatly improved. “I’m happy I got hearing aids,” she says. So, if you have hearing aids sitting in the back of a drawer, not being used, Choi says, try them again. 12. How did the researchers get the results? A. By interviewing a lot of patients. B. By referring to another related study. C. By performing some experiments. D. By examining harms of hearing loss. 13. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. The method to live a longer life. B. The purpose of the study. C. The necessity of wearing hearing aids. D. The reason for hearing aids to lengthen life. 14. What shocks Dr. Janet Choi? A. Few patients restore hearing. B. Some patients fail to get hearing aids. C. Most patients often misuse hearing aids. D. Many patients refuse to use hearing aids often. 15. What does the author aim to do by sharing Dr. Janet Choi’s personal experience? A. To show the benefits hearing aids can offer. B. To encourage patients to follow doctors’ advice. C. To stress Choi’s difficulty in wearing hearing aids. D. To explain the reason why Choi refused hearing aids. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rain is pouring hard and fast — more than eight inches in just an hour, turning river water brown with mud. Earthworms (蚯蚓) move up to the ground as the soil becomes too wet for them. ____16____ During a rainstorm, the water that comes from rain goes to different places. Some of it runs off into rivers, lakes, or city watercourses. Other water evaporates (蒸发) and returns to the atmosphere. ____17____ It runs through the top surface of the ground, to the part of plants that grows below the surface. Floods can form slowly over several days or can flood an area with little warning. Slow-forming river flooding happens in floodplains (漫滩). When big storms hit the water floods over the banks and spreads out across the plains. It brings nutrients (营养物) to the soil, which is good for growing crops. ____18____ However, too much water can destroy crops and damage homes. Another type of flooding is called a flash flood, when a flood happens within six hours of a heavy rainfall — as much as eight inches an hour. With no place to go, the moving water will run quickly through highways, and wash away cars, roads, bridges, and houses. ____19____ On coastlines, hurricane rains cause water levels to rise, and the high winds push that water onto land. This also causes flash flooding. ____20____ If flooding has already started where you are, move to the highest place you can find. Bring as much food and water as possible. Never walk through flood water, especially if it’s moving. If you must walk through water to get away, walk where the water is still. A. A flood might be coming. B. How can you survive a flood? C. What should you prepare for a flood? D But much of the rainwater is taken in by soil. E. That’s why many people live in or near floodplains. F. The soil would become too wet to take in more water. G. Quickly melting ice and snow can also cause flash flooding. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分65分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, my husband and I visited Cape Cod, a three-hour drive from Boston. Our daughter living in Salem ____21____ us off at a Boston tour bus stop at 8 am. And we decided to return to Salem by ____22____ on our own. After a happy day, we started our return journey to Boston at 6 pm. However, we ____23____ got off at the penultimate(倒数第二的)stop for the railway station. With his excellent memory and sense of direction, my husband felt ____24____ of finding the right way to the station. Unluckily, we found ourselves ____25____ in the street and had no cellphone to reach our daughter. Feeling hopeless, we sought ____26____ from a young man, who guided us to the station. There, we faced another ____27____: the ticket machine swallowed(吞)our coins and didn’t print out tickets. On ____28____ this, the young man bought us the tickets with a smile. We did give him the ticket money, but he ____29____ our offer. “No thanks,” he said, reaching the platform with us and waving us goodbye. His friendly wave deeply touched us. As the train left, his kindness gave us a lasting _____30_____, a shining example of kindness in a(n) _____31_____ city. Back home, we _____32_____ the story and our family agreed that his act should earn _____33_____ in Boston Globe. Regrettably, in the rush and chaos(混乱), we _____34_____ to learn his name. However, we still hoped that by sharing our story, we could encourage others to _____35_____, no matter what the situation is. 21. A. put B. got C. sent D. dropped 22. A. bus B. train C. car D. air 23. A. secretly B. suddenly C. accidentally D. wisely 24. A. confident B. tired C. afraid D. proud 25. A. annoyed B. lonely C. hungry D. lost 26. A. service B. aid C. advice D. reference 27. A. cheat B. task C. problem D. challenge 28. A. noticing B. hearing C. tracking D. guessing 29. A. considered B. appreciated C. missed D. refused 30. A. peace B. impression C. message D. relationship 31. A. attractive B. nearby C. strange D. international 32. A. shared B. read C. followed D. learned 33. A. trust B. love C. support D. recognition 34. A. pretended B. failed C. struggled D. managed 35. A. carry on B. give back C. help out D. step forward 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Refugee (难民) Day celebrates the strength and courage of refugees around the world. Every moment of the day, people are leaving everything behind to get away ____36____ war, or the damaging effects of climate change and natural disasters. Across the world, a large number of people are forced to leave their homes. Because of this, the United Nations decided that refugees should have ____37____ special day, when we learn about and understand the problems they face and celebrate their strength and courage. The first World Refugee Day was in 2001, and it ____38____ (celebrate) on 20 June every year since then. When refugees leave their homes, they often have to go on very long and ____39____ (danger) journeys. Many people walk for many days instead of ____40____ (travel) by bus or car and don’t have enough food or water. ____41____(sad), a lot of refugees never reach their final destinations. When refugees arrive in a safe country, they can ask for permission(许可) to stay in the country. The people ____42____ are waiting to get permission to stay are called “asylum seekers”. A lot of people have to live in refugee camps while they are waiting. A lot of ____43____ (event) take place on 20 June in different countries. Many cities light up landmarks in blue ____44____ (show)solidarity(团结一致)with refugees. Some places hold concerts, art exhibitions or food festivals. In many countries there ____45____ (be)walks, runs, swims and bike rides to raise money for refugees. 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 46. The g______ (家伙) next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 47. I miss my friends from j______ (初级的) high school. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 48. I’m c______ (好奇的) about everything. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 49. They are a______ (成年人) and can’t understand me. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 50. We spent three days enjoying the plants and animals u______ (唯一的) to the rainforest. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 51. Some farmers discovered the tombs while they were d______ (挖掘) a well. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 52. Revise your draft according to your partner’s c______(评论). (根据中英文提示填空) 53. Zhangjiakou will h______ (主办) the Youth Ski Race in December. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 54. The secret to success is learning from f______ (失败). (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 55. O______ (显然), we don’t want to spend too much money．(根据中英文提示填空) 第四节 翻译（共6小题；76—80每小题3分，81题10分；满分25分） 56. 我没办法专心做实验。(汉译英) 57. 上网时间过多不利于健康。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 58. 我想让你看一下这里的美丽风景。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 59. 我建议你和你朋友谈谈他的行为。(汉译英) 60. 秘鲁（Peru）将会提供给游客们古老的印加（Inca）文化让他们去体验。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 61. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己选什么课程。学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。我知道中文是一门十分难学的语言，但我希望在毕业时能说一口流利的汉语。指导老师还建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 62. 你校英文报正在组织题为My Favourite Sport的作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．你最喜欢的运动; 2．该运动给你带来的改变。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Favourite Sport ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$