新概念英语第三册 Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world 学习要点解析讲义

新概念英语第三册 Lesson17 一、词汇精讲 suspension bridge 释义：n. 吊桥。由桥塔、缆索、吊杆和桥面等部分组成，通过缆索将桥面悬挂起来的桥梁结构。 例句：The Golden Gate Bridge is a famous suspension bridge in the United States.（金门大桥是美国一座著名的吊桥。） 拓展：相关词汇有 cable（缆索）、tower（桥塔）、deck（桥面）等，这些都是构成吊桥的重要部件。 agreeable 释义：adj. 宜人的，令人愉快的；欣然同意的。可用于形容环境、气候、人或事物给人带来舒适、愉悦的感觉，也可表示人愿意接受或同意某事。 例句：The weather is very agreeable today.（今天的天气非常宜人。）He was quite agreeable to our proposal.（他非常欣然同意我们的提议。） 拓展：agreeably 为副词形式，如 The room was agreeably decorated.（房间装饰得令人愉快。） situation 释义：n. 位置，地点；形势，情况。既可以指物体或人的具体地理位置，也可用于描述事件、状况等所处的状态或背景。 例句：The hotel has a wonderful situation by the lake.（这家酒店位于湖边，位置极佳。）The political situation in the country is very tense.（该国的政治形势非常紧张。） 拓展：situational 为形容词形式，如 situational awareness（态势感知）。 locate 释义：v. 位于，使坐落于；找出，确定…… 的位置。常用搭配为 be located in/at/on（位于……），locate sth.（确定某物的位置）。 例句：The new factory is located in the suburbs.（新工厂位于郊区。）We need to locate the source of the problem.（我们需要找出问题的根源。） 拓展：location 为名词形式，如 The location of the accident was on the highway.（事故发生的地点在高速公路上。） immortal 释义：adj. 永生的，不朽的；流芳百世的。用于形容人、作品、事迹等具有永恒的价值或不会被遗忘的特质。 例句：Shakespeare's works are immortal.（莎士比亚的作品是不朽的。）The heroes' deeds will be remembered as immortal.（英雄们的事迹将作为不朽的功绩被铭记。） 拓展：immortality 为名词形式，如 strive for immortality（追求不朽）。 二、课文精讲 “Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.” 讲解：此句中 “an Italian about whom little is known” 是一个带有定语从句的同位语结构，对 Verrazano 进行补充说明，其中 whom 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 Italian，表示 “关于他人们知之甚少的一个意大利人”。这种结构可以使句子信息更加丰富，在介绍人物时常用。 例句：Einstein, a scientist whose theories changed the world, was born in Germany.（爱因斯坦，一位其理论改变了世界的科学家，出生在德国。） “He described it as ‘a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.’” 讲解：这里 “describe...as...” 表示 “把…… 描述为……”，“located within two small hills” 是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 situation，“in the midst of which flowed a great river” 是定语从句，其中 which 指代 two small hills，正常语序为 “a great river flowed in the midst of two small hills”，这种复杂的句式结构生动地描绘出了当时所看到的地理环境。 例句：He described the place as a beautiful garden filled with all kinds of flowers among which were some rare species.（他把这个地方描述为一个充满各种花卉的美丽花园，其中有一些珍稀品种。） “Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.” 讲解：“by no means” 表示 “绝不”，强调 Verrazano 并非被普遍认为是伟大的探险家；“remain immortal” 表示 “流芳百世”；“be named after...” 表示 “以…… 命名”。此句通过转折和因果关系，阐述了尽管 Verrazano 名声有限，但因桥以他命名而可能永垂不朽的情况，体现了事件之间的逻辑联系。 例句：Though he is by no means a rich man, he is very happy, for he has a loving family.（虽然他绝不是一个富人，但他很幸福，因为他有一个充满爱的家庭。） 三、语法解析 定语从句 复习要点：定语从句用于修饰名词或代词，关系词（如 who, whom, which, that, where, when 等）在从句中充当一定的成分。在课文 “Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known...” 中，whom 引导定语从句修饰 Italian，在从句中作 about 的宾语；在 “a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.” 中，which 引导定语从句修饰 two small hills，在从句中作 in the midst of 的宾语，且从句为倒装语序。 例句分析：The man who helped me yesterday is my neighbor.（昨天帮助我的那个人是我的邻居。）此句中 who 引导定语从句修饰 man，在从句中作主语。 分词短语作定语 复习要点：现在分词短语作定语表示主动或正在进行的动作，过去分词短语作定语表示被动或完成的动作。在课文 “a very agreeable situation located within two small hills” 中，located 是过去分词，作后置定语修饰 situation，表示 “被位于两座小山之间的”，体现了 situation 与 locate 之间的被动关系。 例句分析：The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.（鲁迅写的那本书很有名。）这里 written by Lu Xun 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 book，表示书是被鲁迅写的。 四、词汇和阅读习题 （一）词汇习题 填空题 The new ______ (suspension bridge) across the river is a great engineering feat. The climate in this area is very ______ (agreeable). The company is in a difficult ______ (situation) due to the economic crisis. The city is ______ (locate) in the south of the country. Shakespeare's plays are ______ (immortal) masterpieces. 选择题 The bridge was built over a deep valley and is a ______ bridge. A. stone B. suspension C. wooden D. concrete The meeting was held in a very ______ environment. A. agreeable B. disagreeable C. awful D. terrible The ______ of the new school is near the park. A. location B. situation C. place D. site The ancient ruins are ______ in a remote area. A. locating B. located C. being located D. to locate The heroes' deeds will be ______ for generations to come. A. mortal B. death C. immortal D. alive （二）阅读习题 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 The Tower Bridge is a famous landmark in London. It is a combined bascule and suspension bridge. The bridge was built in the late 19th century to solve the problem of crossing the River Thames. It has a unique design and is very agreeable to look at. The location of the Tower Bridge is near the Tower of London, which makes it a popular tourist attraction. Many people come to see the bridge open and close, and it has become an immortal symbol of London. What type of bridge is the Tower Bridge? When was the Tower Bridge built? Why was the Tower Bridge built? What is near the Tower Bridge? Why is the Tower Bridge popular? 答案： It is a combined bascule and suspension bridge. It was built in the late 19th century. To solve the problem of crossing the River Thames. The Tower of London. Because it has a unique design, is agreeable to look at, and its location near the Tower of London makes it a popular tourist attraction. It has also become an immortal symbol of London. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$