新概念英语第三册Lesson9 Flying cats学习要点讲义

新概念英语第三册 Lesson 9 一、词汇用法 fascinate： 释义：使着迷；使极感兴趣 搭配：fascinate sb.（使某人着迷）；be fascinated by/with sth.（对某事着迷）；fascinate sb. with sth.（用某事使某人着迷） 例句：The magician's tricks fascinated the children.（魔术师的戏法让孩子们着迷。）She is fascinated by ancient history.（她对古代历史很着迷。）The author fascinated the readers with his vivid descriptions.（作者用他生动的描写吸引了读者。） affectionate： 释义：充满深情的，柔情的 搭配：be affectionate to/towards sb.（对某人充满深情） 例句：The mother gave her child an affectionate hug.（母亲给了她的孩子一个深情的拥抱。）The dog is always affectionate towards its owner.（这只狗总是对它的主人充满深情。） mysterious： 释义：神秘的，难以理解的 搭配：a mysterious smile/figure/voice 等（神秘的微笑 / 身影 / 声音） 例句：She had a mysterious smile on her face, which made him wonder what she was thinking.（她脸上带着神秘的微笑，这让他好奇她在想什么。）The old house had a mysterious atmosphere.（这座老房子有一种神秘的氛围。） submissive： 释义：服从的，顺从的 搭配：be submissive to sb.（对某人顺从）. 例句：In traditional families, children were expected to be submissive to their parents.（在传统家庭中，孩子们被期望顺从他们的父母。） feline： 释义：adj. 猫的；猫科动物的；n. 猫科动物1 搭配：作形容词可用于描述与猫相关的特征，如 feline grace（猫一般的优雅）；作名词指猫科动物，如 Lions and tigers are both felines.（狮子和老虎都是猫科动物。） 例句：She had feline grace as she moved.（她走路时有着猫一般的优雅。） independence： 释义：独立，独立性. 搭配：independence from...（从…… 独立出来） 例句：The colonies declared their independence from the mother country.（殖民地宣布从母国独立。） high-rise： 释义：adj. 高层的；n. 高层建筑. 搭配：作形容词修饰建筑物，如 high-rise apartment building（高层公寓楼）；作名词指高层建筑，如 The city is full of high-rises.（这个城市到处都是高层建筑。） 例句：They live in a high-rise apartment building.（他们住在一栋高层公寓楼里。） windowsill： 释义：窗台，窗沿 搭配：on the windowsill（在窗台上） 例句：The cat likes to sit on the windowsill and watch the outside world.（猫喜欢坐在窗台上看外面的世界。） paratrooper： 释义：伞兵. 例句：The paratroopers landed safely behind enemy lines.（伞兵们安全地降落在敌后。） squirrel： 释义：松鼠. 例句：The squirrel is storing nuts for the winter.（松鼠正在为冬天储存坚果。） air-resistance： 释义：空气阻力. 例句：The shape of the car is designed to reduce air-resistance.（汽车的形状是为了减少空气阻力而设计的。） impact： 释义：n. 冲击力；影响；v. 对…… 产生影响. 搭配：have an impact on...（对…… 产生影响）；the impact of...（…… 的影响） 例句：The new policy has a great impact on the economy.（新政策对经济有很大的影响。）The impact of the earthquake was huge.（地震的影响是巨大的。） 二、课文精讲 “Cats never fail to fascinate human beings.” 中的 “never fail to” 为双重否定结构，表示肯定，意为 “总是，必定”，加强了句子的语气，强调猫总是能吸引人类. “One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is the popular belief that they have nine lives.” 此句中有两个 that 引导的从句，第一个 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 things，且由于先行词被 one of 修饰，所以从句中的谓语动词用单数形式；第二个 that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 belief 的具体内容. “A cat’s ability to survive falls is based on fact.” 中 “to survive falls” 为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 ability；“be based on” 表示 “基于，以…… 为基础”. “The further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves.” 是 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 的结构，表示 “越……，就越……”，在句中说明猫下落的距离越远，它们受伤的可能性就越小. “In a long drop, they reach speeds of 60 miles an hour and more. At high speeds, falling cats have time to relax. They stretch out their legs like flying squirrels. This increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact when they hit the ground.” 这几句描述了猫在下落过程中的状态和动作，以及这些动作如何帮助它们减少伤害。其中 “stretch out” 表示 “伸展”，形象地描绘了猫伸展腿部的动作；“increase” 和 “reduce” 是一对反义词，分别表示 “增加” 和 “减少”，说明了猫的动作对空气阻力和冲击力的影响. 三、语法知识点 定语从句：如 “One of the things that fascinates us most about cats...” 中，that 引导定语从句修饰 things，关系代词 that 在从句中作主语，不能省略，因为先行词 things 被 one of 修饰。当先行词是 “one of + 复数名词” 时，定语从句的谓语动词通常用单数形式，但如果 one 前有 the only 等修饰时，则谓语动词用复数形式. 同位语从句：像 “the popular belief that they have nine lives” 中的 that 引导同位语从句，对 belief 进行具体内容的解释说明，that 在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。同位语从句通常用于解释说明抽象名词，如 fact, idea, news, thought 等的具体内容. 不定式作定语和状语：“A cat’s ability to survive falls” 中不定式 to survive falls 作定语，修饰 ability；“to fall from” 在 “There are plenty of high-rise windowsills to fall from.” 中作后置定语，修饰 windowsills；“to injure themselves” 在 “the less they are likely to injure themselves” 中作状语，表示结果. 比较级的特殊用法：“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构表示两个比较级的句子之间存在着一种相互依存、相互制约的关系，即一方的程度随着另一方的程度变化而变化，常译为 “越……，就越……” 。该结构中的比较级部分可以是形容词，也可以是副词的比较级形式，且比较级前一般都要加定冠词 the. 四、习题 单项选择： Cats have an ______ grace that makes them seem almost otherworldly. A. affectionate B. feline C. independent D. mysterious 答案：B The little boy is ______ towards his parents, always listening to them obediently. A. affectionate B. submissive C. mysterious D. independent 答案：B The idea that cats have nine lives is a popular ______, though not entirely based on scientific fact. A. independence B. impact C. mystery D. belief 答案：D 用所给词的适当形式填空： The ______ (fascinate) story kept the children listening attentively. 答案：fascinating She looked at her baby ______ (affectionate). 答案：affectionately His ______ (mysterious) disappearance made everyone worried. 答案：mysterious 句型转换： Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. (改为同义句) Cats always ______ human beings. 答案：fascinate The further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves. (改为一般句式) If cats fall further, they ______ likely to injure themselves. 答案：are less 完成句子： The new discovery may have a great ______ (影响) on the future of space exploration. 答案：impact She is always ______ (对…… 充满深情) her grandparents. 答案：affectionate to/towards The cat showed its ______ (独立性) by going out alone at night. 答案：independence 阅读理解：阅读以下短文，回答问题。 Cats are known for their mysterious behavior. They seem to have a life of their own and are not as submissive as dogs. Their ability to survive in different situations is quite remarkable. For example, it is said that cats can survive falls from high places. This is because they have some special skills. When falling, they can stretch out their legs to increase air-resistance, which helps reduce the impact when they hit the ground. Questions: What is cats' behavior like according to the text? 答案：Cats' behavior is mysterious and they are not submissive. Why can cats survive falls from high places? 答案：Because they can stretch out their legs to increase air-resistance and reduce the impact when they hit the ground. 写作练习：请以 “My Favorite Animal - Cat” 为题，写一篇 80-100 词的短文，介绍猫的特点，可适当使用本课文中的词汇和表达方式。 My Favorite Animal - Cat Cats are my favorite animals. They are always fascinating to me. They can be affectionate towards their owners, but also lead mysterious lives. They are independent and never submissive like other pets. Their ability to survive falls is amazing. When falling, they stretch out like flying squirrels to increase air-resistance. I love cats because of their unique charm and interesting behaviors. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$