第2编 专题14 连词与从句(课件PPT)-【中考拐点】2024年中考英语讲义（南充专用）

专题十四　连词与从句 ——南充英语 2024《中考拐点》 目 录 1 知识导图 2 语法突破 精讲精练 1 知识导图 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 2 语法突破 精讲精练 连词 用来连接词与词、短语与短语,以及句子与句子的词叫连词。连词属于虚词,在句中不能单独使用。连词按其性质可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句和状语从句。 1.并列连词 并列连词是指用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词(如and,but,or,so等),可表示并列、顺承、转折、选择、因果等关系。常见并列连词(短语)用法如下: 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系 连词 (短语) 意义 说明 例句 并 列 关 系 and 和;又 表并列,and前后的词意义相近,否定句中用or She is kind and patient. 她既友好又有耐心。 然后 表示动作先后 He came in and took off his coat.他进来然后脱掉外套。 那么 祈使句+and+陈述句(表结果) Be careful,and you will make fewer mistakes. 细心点,你就会少犯错误。 both… and… 两者都 连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both Linda and Amy like reading.琳达和埃米都喜欢阅读。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系 连词(短语) 意义 说明 例句 并 列 关 系 neither… nor… 既不…… 也不…… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则” Mr.Gao neither drinks nor smokes. 高先生既不喝酒也不抽烟。 not only… but also… 不但…… 而且…… Not only he but also I am excited about the news.不但他而且我也对这个消息感到兴奋。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系 连词(短语) 意义 说明 例句 转 折 关 系 but 但是 不能与(al)though同时使用 The man is poor, but he is happy. 这个人很穷,但他很快乐。 while 然而 强调对比关系 I like red while she likes blue. 我喜欢红色而她喜欢蓝色。 选 择 关 系 or 或者 表示选择 Who is taller,Sam or John? 谁更高,萨姆还是约翰? 否则; 要不然 祈使句+or+陈述句(表结果) Study hard, or you’ll fail the exam. 努力学习,否则你考试不及格。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系 连词(短语) 意义 说明 例句 选 择 关 系 either… or…  或者…… 或者…… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则” Either milk or coffee is OK. 牛奶或咖啡都可以。 因果 关系 so 因此; 所以 不能与because同时使用 He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. 他生病了,因此没有去上学。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 2.从属连词 从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句(if, whether)和状语从句(如when, because, until等)。 常见从属连词用法见以下知识点2宾语从句和知识点3状语从句的讲解。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 1.(2023·湖南永州)Study hard _________ you will succeed in the end. 2.(2023·浙江金华)He wants to share his feelings with friends both in China 　 _________ abroad. 3.Many tourists visit Hainan around the Spring Festival, because it’s ________ 　　 too cold _________ too hot. 4.(2023·四川宜宾)It not only lets students know where our food comes from,　 _________ also makes them have more love for the earth. and and neither nor but 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 5.(2022·河北)I saw a good film, _________ I can’t remember its name. 6.Tom gets up early _________ I get up late. 7.Wash your hands before meals, _________ you may get ill. 8.You _________ go right now or stay here, saying nothing. 9.Many students hated to have classes on DingTalk, _________ they gave it one⁃star reviews(评价). but while or either so 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其结构是:主句+引导词+从句。学习时要掌握宾语从句的三要素:引导词、语序、时态。 1.引导词 引导词 作用 例句 that 本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略。 I think that we ate five meals a day! 我认为我们一天吃了五顿饭! 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 引导词 作用 例句 if/whether 意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略,当宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来时,引导词用if或whether I wonder if they’ll have the races again next year.我想知道明年他们是否还会举行比赛。 I don’t know whether he will come or not.我不知道他是否会来。 what, which, who, whose, whom 连接代词,在从句中作一定的成分,如主语、宾语、定语等 He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车询问那位妇女发生了什么。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 引导词 作用 例句 when, where, why, how等 连接副词,在从句中通常作状语。 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 2.语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序:主语+谓语+其他。如: Do you know where the nearest hotel is?你知道最近的旅馆在哪里吗? 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 3.时态 时态规律 例句 主句是现在的时态,从句时态可根据实际情况而定。 Bill thinks that the races were not that interesting to watch.比尔认为观看这些比赛不是那么有趣。 主句是过去的时态,从句也要用过去的某种时态。从句表示客观真理、自然现象等时,无论主句是何种时态, 从句都要用一般现在时。 I knew who lived here.我知道以前谁住在这儿。The teacher told the boy that the earth is round. 老师告诉那个男孩地球是圆的。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 时态规律 例句 在以Could you开头的复合句中, could通常不表示一般过去时,仅表示委婉语气,从句的时态要根据实际情况而定。 Could you tell me where Helen lives? 你能告诉我海伦住在哪里吗? Could you tell me where you went last weekend? 你能告诉我上周末你去了哪里吗? 【巧记口诀】主现从不限,主过从必过,客观真理用一现,委婉语气不影响。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 4.特殊用法 (1)宾语从句中的否定转移 当主语为第一人称,谓语动词为 think, believe, suppose等时,宾语从句中的否定要转移到主句中来。如: I don’t think he will win.我认为他不会赢。 (2)宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是 know, remember, forget, learn等词时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如: She doesn’t know what she should do next. =She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道接下来该做什么。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 1.(2023·四川凉山州改编)Excuse me, do you know _________ there will be another bus? The bus has just left. 2.(2023·湖北武汉改编)This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us _______ we can learn from. 3.(2023·湖北荆州改编)—Could you tell us _____ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? —Talking about weather is a common way. if who how 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 4.(2023·四川成都改编)—Do you know when the Dragon Boat Festival _______ (be) this year? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact date. 5.(2023·天津改编)—Do you remember when the Jiefang Bridge _________ 　　(open) itself? —Sure. On the evening of May Day. 6.(2023·台湾改编)Jerry wanted to know why he ___________ (kick) off the soccer team, but no one gave him a good reason. is opened was kicked 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 状语从句 在复合句中用作状语的从句叫状语从句。根据其表达的意思可分为时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、地点、方式等类型。具体用法如下: 类型 引导词 例句 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, after, since,not…until…, as soon as I was watching TV while my mom was cooking. 我看电视的时候,我妈妈在做饭。 条件状语从句 if,as long as,unless We will go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨,我们就去野餐。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 类型 引导词 例句 原因状语从句 because,as,since Since we have got ready for it,let’s set off.既然我们做好了准备,那就出发吧。 目的状语从句 so that,in order that He got up early so that he could catch his train.他为了赶上火车起得很早。 结果状语从句 so/such…that… It is such a heavy box that I can’t carry it.这个盒子如此重以至于我搬不动它。 让步状语从句 though,although,even if/ though,whatever,whenever… He often helps others though he is not rich.尽管他不富裕,但他经常帮助别人。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 类型 引导词 例句 比较状语从句 than,as…as…,not as/so…as… He ran as fast as Jim.他跑得和吉姆一样快。 地点状语从句 where,wherever Bob would like to go wherever he likes. 鲍勃想去他喜欢的任何地方。 方式状语从句 as,as if/though You speak as if you had really been there. 你讲得好像你真的去过那儿一样。 注:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(“主将从现”)。 如:I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 1.I usually do some reading _______ (在……之前) I go to bed. 2.(2023·四川达州)Zeng Jinlong, a 17⁃year⁃old villager, has watched the games 　 _______ he was 6 years old. 3.You will get into a good university _______ you keep studying hard in senior high school. 4. We are making a big cake _________ it’s Dad’s birthday today. before since if because 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 5.Mary has learned a lot about the history of Sichuan _______ she can be a tour guide. 6.(2023·四川南充)And their colorful pictures on the wall caught my special attention, _________________ it was difficult to tell what they were trying to express. so that although/though 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 定语从句 在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词或修饰整个句子的从句叫定语从句。含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。定语从句常用关系代词(who.whom,whose,which,that) 和关系副词(when,where,why) 来引导,它们位于先行词和定语从句之间。 关系词常有三个作用:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系代词的基本用法如下: 关系 代词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句 that 主语、宾语、表语 人,物 The watch(that) my father bought was made in Shanghai.我爸爸买的那块表是上海制造的。 who 主语、宾语、表语 人 Do you know the teacher who wears glasses? 你知道戴眼镜的那位老师吗? whom 宾语 人 The boy(whom) my mother is talking to is my cousin.我妈妈正与之交谈的那个男孩是我的堂兄。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 关系 代词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句 which 主语、宾语、表语 物 I like music(which) I can sing along with. 我喜欢我能跟着一起唱的音乐。 whose 定语 人,物 The little girl whose hair is curly won the first prize. 那个卷发小女孩赢得了第一名。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 注:定语从句中关系词只能用that的情况: (1)当先行词为anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时,只能使用 that。如: Is there anything that I can do for you?我能为你做点什么吗? (2)当先行词为all, any, much, many等词时,只能使用that。如: Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把所有发生的事情都告诉了他的妈妈。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用that。如: This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。 (4)当先行词被序数词修饰时,只能使用that。如: He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。 (5)当先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时,只能使用that。如: This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 (6)当先行词里同时含有人和物时,只能使用that。如: They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论了他们记得的有关学校的人和事。 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 1.(2023·四川达州改编)—The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books __________ I have ever read. 2.(2023·山东烟台)“The yard is crowed with tourists waiting for dinner,” said Wang Guodong, a businessman __________ owns a restaurant in Xinzhou ancient city. 3.There’s only one student in the school __________ I wanted to see. that who/that whom 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 4.—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. —Yes. It is a good way of communication __________ is popular among young people. 5.—Do you know the boy __________ handwriting won the first place in the competition? —Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor. 6.The room __________ window is open is mine. which/that whose whose 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 7.You must do everything __________ I do. 8.All __________ can be done has been done. 9.This is the best book __________ I have ever read. I like it very much. 10.This novel is the second best one ________ I have ever read. 11.He is the only person ________ can help you out. 12.The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances ________ they saw at the Children’s Palace. that that that that that that 专题十四　连词与从句 返回首页 首页 总目录 本讲内容结束 $$