高二英语期末模拟卷（上海专用，沪外版2020，选择性必修一+选择性必修二）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中上学期期末模拟考试

绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 全解全析 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选择性必修一+选择性必修二 （沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．$100. B．$200. C．$300. D．$400. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Did you tip the waitress? M: Yes, 10 dollars 10% of our Bill, right? Question, How much did their meal cost? 2． A．By plane. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By train. 【答案】D 【原文】M: Have you called a taxi to the airport? W: Why I'm not flying. I'll go to Guangzhou by a high speed railway. Question, How is the woman going to Guangzhou? 3． A．At home. B．At a hair-dresser. C．In the office. D．In a library. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Where were you last night? I called you in my office but no one answered. W: I was in all evening. I heard the phone ring while I was washing my hair. Q: Where was the woman last night? 4． A．Paying his debt． B．Paying the rent． C．Paying his tuition． D．Betting on something． 【答案】B 【原文】W: Hey, congratulations on winning the essay contest. That thousand-dollar prize money should really come in handy. M: You bet! I’ve already put it aside to cover the increase my landlord just announced for next year. Q: How is the man going to spend the money? 5． A．Cook and baker. B．Waitress and diner. C．Tailor and customer. D．Boss and secretary. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Could you have the dress ready before Friday, madam? W: Sorry, I’m afraid we can’t. You know making the traditional Chinese buttons takes time. Q: What’s the relationship between the two speakers? 6． A．Delivering newspaper. B．Picking fruit. C．Baby-sitting. D．Posting advertisements. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Jane, do you work during the holidays? W: Well, last Christmas I did two weeks as temporary postman. Then in the summer I spent four weeks picking fruit, and I do a bit of baby-sitting. Q: What did the woman do in the summer? 7． A．In a doctor’s office. B．In a professor’s office. C．In an operating room. D．In an emergency ward. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I’m here to see Dr barrett for a physical examination. W: I’m sorry she is in surgery right now. Question: Where does this conversation probably take place? 8． A．His boss fired him． B．He had a quarrel with his boss． C．He couldn’t stand his boss’s bad temper． D．His boss didn’t agree with him on an issue． 【答案】D 【原文】W: You’ve seemed troubled for the past few days. Is anything wrong? M: Well, to tell the truth, I’ve been having a disagreement with my boss. Q: What’s the man’s problem? 9． A．There are too many courses offered to students. B．The woman should take fewer courses next term. C．The man will take four courses next semester. D．It is wiser to take more than four courses. 【答案】B 【原文】W: I’m thinking of taking five courses next semester. M: Wouldn’t four be wiser? Q: What does the man mean? 10． A．The man has no air-conditioner． B．It has been extremely hot lately． C．The man didn’t use air-conditioner in hot summer． D．The man can’t stand a day without air-conditioning． 【答案】C 【原文】M: I haven’t turned on my air-conditioner at all this summer. W: That’s surprising, considering how hot it’s been lately. Q: What does the woman find surprising? Section B Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11．A．A sailor. B．A doctor. C．A soldier. D．A cleaner. 12．A．He suffered a lot. B．He ran a medical school. C．He started a clinic. D．He enjoyed his work. 13．A．He hated the sight of blood. B．He worked by himself in the clinic. C．He was a devoted doctor. D．He once wanted to be a sailor like his father. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 【原文】 As a boy, Sanders was much influenced by books about the sea, but by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a doctor. So he was often with the doctors and got along very well with them. When he was sixteen, he was already hanging around the hospital where he was supposed to be helping to clean the medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the doctors’ conversations with patients in the next room. During the war Sanders served in the army as a surgeon. “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with real sufferers and on the whole making a success of my job.” In Rhodes he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skill to himself and had a firm belief that he could serve those who lived simply, and were dependent upon him. Thus, while in a position to tell them what to do he could feel he was serving them. After the war, he married and set up a clinic deep in the English countryside, working under an old doctor who hated the sight of blood. This gave the younger man plenty of opportunity to go on working as a life-saver. Questions 11. What did Sanders want to be when he was 15? 12. How did Sanders spend his time during the war? 13. What was true of Sanders according to the passage? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14．A．Les Misérables. B．Red. C．My Week with Marilyn. D．The Theory of Everything. 15．A．He rose to fame overnight. B．He has been a household name. C．He was recommended by Prince Harry. D．He first appeared in a stage play in 2004. 16．A．His small brown spots on the face. B．His graduation from famous schools. C．His remarkable gift for performing on stage. D．His involvement in various styles of performance. 【答案】14．D 15．B 16．D 【详解】 Many people used to recognize Eddie Redmayne for his small brown spots on the face, but now they talk about him as a successful actor. Eddie was born in London, England, in 1982. He went to Eton College, a popular boarding school also attended by prince William and prince Harry. For university, he studied art history at Cambridge. Encouraged by his parents, Eddie took acting lessons from a young age. His first stage performance came in 2002. Soon in 2004 he began winning awards. Further stage successes followed and in 2009 he starred in a famous stage play Read in London, which brought him praises and an important award for his role. Alongside his stage career, Eddie has also been working hard in television and film. He received recognition in 2011 for appearing in my week with Marilyn. He received further recognition for his role in the musical film Lay Miserable. Eddie’s biggest breakthrough came in 2014 when he played scientist Stephen Hawking in The Theory of Everything. The movie won him numerous awards, including an Oscar for best actor. This also made him the first man born in the nineteen eighties to win an acting Oscar. Several years ago, you may have not been familiar with the name Eddie Redmayne, but now he has become the talk of the town for being a successful actor. Questions 14. For which film did Eddie win an Oscar for best actor? 15. Which of the following is true about Eddie according to the passage? 16. What made Eddie a successful actor? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17．A．Her husband works there. B．She can speak Arabic. C．It is a beautiful city. D．She needs a rest. 18．A．She has been travelling around the city. B．She has been teaching children English. C．She has been learning drawing and painting. D．She has been looking for an Arabic teacher. 19．A．Grammar. B．Reading. C．Writing. D．Pronunciation. 20．A．She is generous and friendly. B．She loves Arabic music. C．She understands English culture. D．She is good at dancing. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 【原文】M: So, how long have you been here? W: For about six months now? M: Why did you choose Beirut? W: Because Mike, my husband and I have always loved Arab culture and the language. Mike's an English teacher, and he got a job here in a language school. M: Why did you want to take a year off? W: Basically, I wanted a break from teaching. I love teaching children, but I needed a change. Also, I've been drawing and painting since I was little, but I've never really had the chance to study drawing. So this seemed like the perfect opportunity to have a change and learn to draw properly. M: What have you been doing here since you arrived? W: Well, I found a fantastic art teacher called oma yamma and I've been having classes with her since October. She's great and she speaks English, which is lucky because I don't know much Arabic yet, but I am learning the language as quickly as I can. M: Is Arabic a difficult language to learn? W: Extremely difficult, especially the pronunciation. You have to learn to make a lot of new sounds. Also, it takes a long time to learn to read and write in Arabic. M: You also teach belly dancing here? W: That's right. M: How did that happen? W: Well, I've been teaching belly dancing for about six years and I love it, so I wanted to continue doing it here. A lot of Lebanese women don't know how to dance and they want to learn. I give classes here in my living room. We have a lot of fun. M: Are your students surprised that an English person is teaching them belly dancing? W: Yes, very. They're really surprised to find that a foreigner loves Arabic music and understands something of their culture. M: What's the best thing about living in Lebanon so far? W: The people, the people here are really generous and friendly. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How language transformed humanity Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees, our closest relatives. All other major differences between us likely stem from language. “It allows you to implant (植入) a thought from your mind directly into someone else’s mind”, says Mark Pagel, professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading. Humans use discrete (分离的) pulses of sound—their language— 21 (alter) the internal settings inside someone else’s brain to suit an individual’s interests. Language is a form of social learning instead of something 22 (pursue) all by oneself. Social learning is visual theft: for example, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal (and benefit from) your best ideas, wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these 23 . There are two options for dealing with this crisis: either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group’s knowledge 24 (share) only with one’s relatives or expand one’s group to include unrelated others. 25 our relatives, the Neanderthals, who withdrew into small groups, humans chose the second option, and language was the result. “Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange”, says Professor Pagel. In fact, as Professor Pagel argues, language is a “social technology” 26 (allow) for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups. According to the archaeological record, it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas 27 came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion. But almost incomprehensibly, thousands of languages evolved. So just 28 a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups, different languages slow the flow of ideas, technologies—and even genes. “Can humans afford to have all these different languages?” asks Professor Pagel. In a world 29 we want to promote cooperation, in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity’s levels of prosperity, multiple languages 30 not be practical. In fact, humanity’s “destiny is to be one world with one language”, concludes Professor Pagel. 【答案】 21．to alter 22．pursued 23．things 24．are shared 25．Like 26．allowing 27．that 28．only 29．where 30．can 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言是如何改变人类的。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：人类使用离散的声音脉冲——他们的语言——来改变别人大脑中的内部设置，以满足个人的兴趣。分析句子，句中use sth to do sth为固定短语，意为“使用某物去做某事”。故填to alter。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是社会学习的一种形式，而不是个人追求的东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词作后置定语，something和pursue之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词。故填pursued。 23．考查名词。句意：社交学习是视觉盗窃：例如，如果我可以通过观察你来学习，我就可以窃取(并受益于)你最好的想法、智慧或技能，而不需要投入时间和精力来发展这些东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语，此处表示前文的“想法、智慧或技能”。故用things。 24．考查动词。句意：应对这一危机有两种选择：要么回到小家庭群体，这样每个群体的知识收益只与自己的亲属分享，要么扩大自己的群体，包括不相关的其他人。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实故使用一般现在时，同时benefits 和share之间为被动关系，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填are shared。 25．考查介词。句意：就像我们的亲戚尼安德特人一样，他们退缩成小群体，人类选择了第二种选择，语言就是结果。分析句子，设空处填写介词与后文our relatives构成介词短语，此处表示举例。用like，意为“像”；同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Like。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，正如佩格尔教授所言，语言是一种“社交技术”，允许不相关的个人和群体之间进行合作。分析句子，设空处使用非谓语动词，social technology与allow之间为主动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填allowing。 27．考查强调句。句意：根据考古记录，这种合作和思想分享出现在人类在地球上的迁徙和随后的人口爆炸之前。分析句子，句中it was+强调的部分+that构成强调句，句中是对this cooperation and sharing of ideas进行强调。故填that。 28．考查副词。句意：因此，只有一种共同的语言才能促进不相关群体之间的交流和合作，不同的语言会减缓思想、技术甚至基因的流动。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，just only意为“仅仅只有”符合句意。故填only。 29．考查定语从句。句意：在一个我们希望促进合作的世界里，在一个比以往任何时候都更加依赖合作来维持和促进人类繁荣水平的世界里，使用多种语言是不现实的。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是world，引导词在从句中地点状语，用where。故填where。 30．考查情态动词。句意：同上。句中表示“不可能”情态动词用can。故填can。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．guarantee   B．boost     C． barely    D．distractions   E. literally   F. spare G. towering    H. critical   I. excessive   J. packing      K. available It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy? There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual 31 .  (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set 32 , unrealistic expectations that stress people out. It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) 33 moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag. What’s worse is that long hours, 34 busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) 35 of a physical and mental breakdown. Besides, everyone’s talking about how to 36 productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what? Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about 37 some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can 38 work 24/7, but humans can’t. When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do! But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts. Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and 39 for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing. Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is 40 worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time. 【答案】 31．D 32．G 33．F 34．I 35．B 36．A 37．J 38．E 39．K 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是工作时不必疯狂，人类并不能像机器人一样全天候的工作，针对于忙碌的工作，我们不应该相信忙碌，而是要相信效果，即不断地给自己的工作做减法，不添加要做的事，而是添加不做的事，这样就可以不用忙碌的工作。 31．考查名词。句意：由于大量的物理和虚拟干扰，工作日被分割成微小的、短暂的工作时间。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。表示“分心；干扰”用distraction。故选D。 32．考查形容词。句意：对不惜任何代价实现增长的不健康痴迷，设定了过高的、不切实际的期望，使人们感到压力。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作定语，表示“过高的”用towering。故选G。 33．考查形容词。句意：在周末以及任何有空闲时间的时候，难怪人们工作得更长、更早、更晚。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“空闲的”用spare。故选F。 34．考查形容词。句意：更糟糕的是，长时间工作、过度忙碌、睡眠不足已经成为许多人的荣誉标志。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“过度的”用excessive。故选I。 35．考查名词。句意：相反，它是一种身体和精神崩溃的刺激。分析句子，设空处使用名词作表语，表示“刺进，促进”用boost。故选B。 36．考查动词。句意：此外，现在每个人都在谈论如何保证生产力。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前to构成不定式结构，此处表示“保证”用guarantee。故选A。 37．考查动词。句意：生产力是机器的，不是人的。在一定的时间内完成一定数量的工作单元，或者把更多的工作压缩到更少的时间内，是没有任何意义的。分析句子，设空处使用动名词作宾语，此处表示“压缩”用packing。故选J。 38．考查副词。句意：机器确实地可以全天候工作，但人类不能。分析句子，设空处使用副词修饰动词作状语。表示“确实地”用literally。故选E。 39．考查形容词。句意：高效就是找到更多空闲的时间，做工作之外的其他事情。分析句子，设空处使用的是形容词与空前的unoccupied构成并列结构，此处表示“可利用的”用available。故选K。 40．考查副词。句意：不做那些几乎不值得做的事情是一种消磨时间的好方法。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，表示“几乎不”用barely。故选C。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is 41 with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward 42 development. This is very 43 to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, 44 a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to 45 . For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against 46 . “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The 47 fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all 48 technologies.” The latest 49 from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that 50 painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average 51 of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest 52 in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the 53 of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal 54 for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which 55 last year. 41．A．confused B．impressed C．obsessed D．connected 42．A．available B．accessible C．sustainable D．substantial 43．A．evident B．attractive C．invisible D．unique 44．A．donating B．contributing C．manufacturing D．distributing 45．A．fall behind B．put forward C．look up D．catch up 46．A．pollution B．environment C．ecology D．emission 47．A．probably B．inevitably C．incredibly D．traditionally 48．A．biological B．advanced C．far-reaching D．green 49．A．study B．figures C．technologies D．innovation 50．A．thanks to B．despite C．regardless of D．other than 51．A．height B．length C．concentration D．weight 52．A．obstacle B．improvement C．contribution D．cultivation 53．A．quality B．flavor C．deposit D．proportion 54．A．accounting B．making C．looking D．applying 55．A．took effect B．took place C．took to D．took in 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是通过治理环境污染，分享经验，中国成为世界清洁技术的领导者。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. confused困惑的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. obsessed（对……）着迷的；D. connected连接的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _______ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，Erik Solheim对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选B。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. available可获得的；B. accessible可使用的；C. sustainable可持续发展的；D. substantial实质性的。根据下文“China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year”和第9空后的“the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path”可知，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。A. evident明显的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. invisible看不见的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, __________ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Solheim的最新推文包括：中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。A. donating捐赠；B. contributing贡献；C. manufacturing制造；D. distributing分发。根据下文“a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。故选B。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他认为，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。A. fall behind落后；B. put forward提出；C. look up查询；D. catch up赶上。根据上文“it’s time for the rest of the world to”可知，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。故选D。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾任挪威环境部长和国际发展部部长的Solheim认为，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。A. pollution污染；B. environment环境；C. ecology生态；D. emission排放。根据下文“fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade”可知，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。故选A。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：过去10年，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少，这表明中国的行动速度有多快。A. probably可能地；B. inevitably不可避免地；C. incredibly令人难以置信地；D. traditionally传统上。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少。故选C。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。A. biological生物的；B. advanced先进的；C. far-reaching影响深远的；D. green绿色的。根据上文“renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting”可知，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。故选D。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察，即中国正在迅速转向一条更可持续的道路。A. study学习；B. figures数字；C. technologies技术；D. innovation创新。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察。故选B。 50．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他说，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。A. thanks to多亏，由于；B. despite尽管；C. regardless of不管；D. other than除了。根据下文“painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace”可知，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。故选A。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然糟糕的空气质量曾是公众经常抱怨的一个来源，但从2015年到去年，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。A. height高度；B. length长度；C. concentration浓度；D. weight重量。根据下文“of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。故选C。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。A. obstacle障碍；B. improvement提高；C. contribution贡献；D. cultivation培养。根据上文“About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015”可知，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：近10年来，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，已接近发达国家水平。A. quality质量；B. flavor味道；C. deposit存款；D. proportion比例。根据下文“rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent”可知，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，空格处意为“比例”。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碳强度，即单位国内生产总值的碳排放下降了34.4%，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%，而十年前为68.5%。A. accounting占（一定数量或比例）；B. making制作；C. looking看；D. applying申请。根据下文“for 56 percent of total energy consumption”可知，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%。故选A。 55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国已经立法或修订了大约30部法律法规，其中一些专注于水资源保护，包括2017年修改的《水污染防治法》和去年生效的《长江保护法》。A. took effect生效；B. took place发生；C. took to喜欢；D. took in吸收。根据上文“Yangtze River Protection Law”可知，《长江保护法》在去年生效。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last summer, a video from Cardiff showed opera coach Mary King wet-eyed during the finals of BBC Cardiff Singer of the World.Who had moved her to tears? Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.” Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. He grew up in the traditional Mongolian way, living in circular tents with his nomadic (游牧的) family. As a child, he rode some 60 miles a day, and he was always singing. He won a place at university in Ulaanbaatar but dropped out after two years when he couldn’t pay the fees, became a taxi driver and one night got chatting to a customer who happened to be the chief of police. Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe. That backstory aroused my curiosity — so much so that three months later I was on a flight to Ulaanbaatar with a radio producer and suitcase of audio equipment. I had the same basic knowledge many westerners share about Mongolia: Genghis Khan, Gobi desert, furry camels, wild horses, wonderful throat singers. My guidebook described a proud nation. “It is rude to turn down an offer of horse’s milk,” I read, “for it is considered a gesture of friendship.” International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.” 56．Ariunbaatar won the Song prize mainly because of A．his command of different songs. B．his charming appearance. C．his unusual background. D．his impressive sound. 57．What is most likely to be Ariunbaatar’s turning point before he rose to fame? A．He was admitted to a university for the first time. B．He became a member of the police orchestra. C．He moved Mary King and got the big prize. D．He was raised in the traditional Mongolian way. 58．What can be learned from the last paragraph about Ariunbaatar? A．He cares little about fame. B．He hopes to become better known. C．He wants to give his family a better life. D．He draws inspiration from the horses. 59．What is the passage mainly about? A．How Ariunbaatar became a famous star. B．An introduction to an opera singer. C．Why the author travelled to Mongolian. D．A video about a celebrated opera contest. 【答案】56．D 57．B 58．A 59．B 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名歌剧歌手的相关信息。 56．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.””(29岁的蒙古男中音阿伦巴托·干巴塔身材高大，肩膀宽阔，他带着灿烂的笑容和洪亮的嗓音，演唱了罗西尼、威尔第和柴可夫斯基的歌曲，迷倒了包括评委在内的所有人，评委宣布他是歌曲奖的共同获得者。“这种声音有一种令人难忘的感觉。” 金说，“包容和荣耀。这种存在感、力量和不费吹灰之力的结合是非常不寻常的。”)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔获得歌曲奖的主要原因是他让人印象深刻的嗓音。故选D。 57．推理判断题。根据第二段“Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe.”(长话短说：他加入了乌兰巴托警察管弦乐队，一路回到大学，然后前往俄罗斯和欧洲的大歌剧院。)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔在成名之前的重要转折点是他加入了乌兰巴托的警察管弦乐队。故选B。 58．推理判断题。根据最后一段“International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.””(国际比赛的胜利使阿伦巴托在国内声名鹊起。政治家们希望他的职业生涯将确保蒙古在歌剧地图上的地位——把蒙古描绘成一个现代国家。他说他无意离开蒙古。他的家人仍然在草原上生活，仍然骑在马背上，仍然收拾帐篷追随新的草原。“和他们一起在这片土地上给了我唱歌的灵感”他说。“不管我在哪里，我唱歌的时候都是这样想的”)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔不在意名声，虽然他已经在国内声名鹊起，但是还是不愿意离开家乡。故选A。 59．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize.”(29岁的蒙古男中音阿伦巴托·干巴塔身材高大，肩膀宽阔，他带着灿烂的笑容和洪亮的嗓音，演唱了罗西尼、威尔第和柴可夫斯基的歌曲，迷倒了包括评委在内的所有人，评委宣布他是歌曲奖的共同获得者。)根据第二段“Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. ”（对于世界上最著名的歌剧比赛之一的参赛者来说，阿伦巴托没有典型的背景）可知，这篇文章主要是对29岁的蒙古歌剧歌手阿伦巴托·干巴塔进行的介绍。故选B。 B Top Scientists Take Sides Famous Inducers(Experiment> ) Gregor Mendel(1822-1884) Mendel spent years recording variations in the appearance of peas and other living things. By analysing this data, he identified mathematical laws that govern genetics. Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold (霉) could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic. Ernest Rutherford(1871-1937) During an experiment, Rutherford noted that energetic particles could pass easily through thin metal foil (箔). From this evidence he formulated a scientific law: the atom is mostly empty space. Famous Deducers(Theory> Experiment) Isaac Newton(1643-1727) Inspired by the motion of falling objects(but probably not an apple!) Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. Only later did he perform calculations to prove that his idea, “universal gravitation,” was true. Democritus(c. 460-370 B．C． ) Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an “atom.” Democritus had no means to test his theory. But later experimenters proved atoms are real. Alfred Wegener(1880-1930) Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth’s land masses began as a single, giant continent. Over many years, many disciplines including geology and fossilology would finally prove that his theory of “continental drift” is accurate. 60．Which of the following best define “Inducers” and “Deducers” according to the poster? A．Inducers are those who arrive at a conclusion based on theories. B．Inducers prefer to make experiments to prove some relative theories. C．Deducers usually do more experiments than develop theories. D．Deducers tend to arrive at a conclusion by reasoning or inference. 61．Which of the following is True according to the poster? A．Mendel recognised mathematical laws governing genetics by farming. B．Newton proposed the idea “universal gravitation” by observing the falling of apples. C．It was Fleming who made the discovery of the first effective antibiotic. D．Alfred Wegener created the theory of “continental drift” after he found rich evidence. 62．Where can this poster most probably be seen? A．In a university lecture. B．In a physics textbook. C．In a science magazine. D．In an advertisement. 【答案】60．D 61．C 62．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文主要介绍了两种科学家的研究方法：归纳法（Inducers）和演绎法（Deducers），并举例说明了这两种方法的代表性科学家及其贡献。 60．推理判断题。根据表格右侧“Inspired by the motion of falling objects(but probably not an apple!)Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. ”（灵感来自于下落物体的运动(但可能不是苹果!)牛顿提出所有物体都相互吸引。）根据“Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an “atom.” ”（基于哲学原理，德谟克利特认为物质不可能永远被分割成更小的碎片；他把它最小的可能单位称为“原子”）根据“Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth’s land masses began as a single, giant continent.”（魏格纳注意到大陆的形状是相互联系的，他大胆地提出地球的陆地群最初是一个单一的巨大大陆。）可知，演绎法的科学家是通过推理或推断来得出结论。故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据表格左侧Alexander Fleming(1881-1955)部分中“While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold (霉) could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic.”（弗莱明在研究细菌时发现面包霉能杀死对人体有害的细菌。这使他发现了第一个有效的抗生素，青霉素。）可知，是弗莱明发现了第一个有效的抗生素。故选C。 62．推理判断题。短文主要介绍了两种科学家的研究方法：归纳法（Inducers）和演绎法（Deducers），并举例说明了这两种方法的代表性科学家及其贡献。所以短文来自科学杂志。故选C。 C Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious (有营养的) and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren’t necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.” For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn’t always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “Whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 63．The new research questions whether organic food ________. A．should replace traditional food B．has been overpriced by farmers C．is grown with less harmful chemicals D．is really more nutritious and healthier 64．Smith Spangler and her colleagues found that ________. A．organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B．traditional food was grown with more natural methods C．both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D．there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 65．Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A．Organic chicken and pork. B．Organic milk and chicken. C．Traditional chicken and pork. D．Traditional fruit and vegetables. 66．What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Approving. 【答案】63．D 64．C 65．B 66．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍说明了有机食品不一定是更有营养、更健康这一事实，告诉人们没有必要一定要多花钱购买有机食物。 63．细节理解题。由第二段““We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford.(“我们没有发现强有力的证据表明有机食品更有营养或更健康，”斯坦福大学的Crystal Smith-Spangler说。)”可知，这项研究质疑有机食品更有营养更健康，故选D。 64．细节理解题。由第四段“Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.(有机食品和传统食品的化学物质含量都没有高到超出食品安全标准的程度。)”可知，他们所检查的有机和传统食物都是安全可食用的，故选C。 65．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a health y fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.(研究人员确实发现，有机牛奶和鸡肉含有更高水平的omega-3脂肪酸，这种健康的脂肪也存在于鱼类中，可以降低患心脏病的风险。)”可知，有机牛奶和鸡肉相对健康。故选B。 66．推理判断题。 由第四段“However, these nutritional differences were too small(然而，这些营养差异太小了)”以及最后一段最后一句“Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.(新鲜食品至少和市场上宣传的有机食品一样好。)”可知，作者认为没有必要一定要多花钱买有机食物，因此作者对有机食品的态度是怀疑的，故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A．You may go to seek answers from him. B．Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C．Research your questions using the Internet or library. D．See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E．Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F．Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. 67 Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. 68 The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. 69 Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. 70 Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. 【答案】67．D 68．E 69．A 70．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要为想成为科学家的学生提出了几点建议。 67．上文“Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects.”（看树叶和树枝的形状。听听昆虫的声音。）建议看看树叶的形状，听听昆虫发出的声音；下文“Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects.”（使用显微镜仔细观察有趣的物体。）指出用显微镜近距离观察这些有趣的事物。D项See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you.（看看你是否能找到一个让你惊讶的景象或声音。）符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 68．上文“Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart.”（摘一些花，小心地把它们拆开。）提到摘一些花并小心地把花分开。以及下文“The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope.”（你通过阅读和观察对花了解得越多，当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。）说明当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。E项Use a microscope to see how everything fits together.（用显微镜看看这些东西是如何组合在一起的。）承上启下，下文进一步具体解释此行为。上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选E项。 69．根据上文“Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about.”（也许附近的学校或博物馆里有人了解昆虫、蜘蛛或其他你想了解的东西。）可知，在附近的学校和博物馆里会有一些知识广博的人，结合该段第一句“Ask for help from a knowledgeable person.”（向有知识的人寻求帮助。）可知，向这些人咨询你会得到答案。A项You may go to seek answers from him.（你可以去问他答案。）符合此推断，与该段主旨一致，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 70．上文“If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station.”（如果你还想了解更多，你可以在附近的大学或研究站找一位科学家谈谈。）提到找一位科学家交流。下文“Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science”（说明你对什么感兴趣。询问你是否可以安排一个时间去拜访。大多数科学家都乐于与对科学有同样热情的学生交谈。）指出向他们说明你感兴趣的事，问他们你是否可以拜访他们。B项Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist.（给科学家写一封信或电子邮件。）符合语境，通过写信或发电子邮件联系科学家，询问是否可以亲自拜访，scientist是关键词。故选B项。 IV. Summary Writing （10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一名成功的团队领导者。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. ②What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. ③A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. ④They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. ⑤To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. ⑥Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. 2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第5、6两个要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 The ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young.（运用了when引导时间状语从句对第一段内容进行概括） [高分句型2] Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语对第二段的部分内容进行概括） V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72．与其说成功靠运气不如说靠辛勤努力。(as...as) 【答案】Success lies not as much in luck as in hard work. 【详解】考查时态。讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，not so/as much+介词短语+as+介词短语，“与其说……，不如说……”，success (成功)，lie in (在于)，hard work (辛勤努力)，再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Success lies not as much in luck as in hard work. 73．尽管那天下着大雨，他们仍然坚持花无数的时间收集高原上的种子。(Despite) 【答案】Despite the heavy rain that day, they still persisted in spending countless hours collecting seeds on the plateau. 【详解】考查介词，时态和固定短语。“尽管”是despite，“那天下着大雨”是the heavy rain that day，“他们仍然坚持花无数的时间收集高原上的种子”时态用一般过去时，“仍然”是still，“坚持做某事”是persist in doing sth.，“花无数的时间做某事”是spend countless hours doing sth.，“收集高原上的种子”是collect seeds on the plateau，因此整句话翻译为“Despite the heavy rain that day, they still persisted in spending countless hours collecting seeds on the plateau”。故答案为Despite the heavy rain that day, they still persisted in spending countless hours collecting seeds on the plateau. 74．这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。(awaken) 【答案】The end of this science fiction novel awakens reader that continuing to neglect the protection of the balance of nature will make human-being eat their own bitter fruit. 【详解】考查一般现在时，一般将来时和宾语从句。表示“这本科幻小说的结局”用the end of this science fiction novel；表示“唤醒，领悟”用awaken sb that；表示“继续忽视对自然平衡的保护”用continuing to neglect the protection of the balance of nature，表示“自食其果”用eat one's own bitter fruit，此处表示将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时。故翻译为：The end of this science fiction novel awakens reader that continuing to neglect the protection of the balance of nature will make human-being eat their own bitter fruit。 75．学校建议我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆，这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用。(role) 【答案】The school suggests that we donate our used books to the library when we graduate, so that they can play a greater role as a learning resource. 【详解】考查时态、虚拟语气和从句。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，时态为一般现在时，主句主语the school，谓语动词suggest，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，后接宾语从句为“我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆”，谓语动词donate“捐献”用(should)do的虚拟语气，should可以省略，our used books“我们用过的书”，when we graduate“当我们毕业时”为时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，“这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用”是目的状语从句，用so that“以便”引导从句，play a greater role“发挥更大作用”，as a learning resource“作为学习资源”，故译为The school suggests that we donate our used books to the library when we graduate, so that they can play a greater role as a learning resource. VI. Guided Writing （25分） Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学高二学生李华，本学期学校计划组织全年级学生去多个外地中学研学(study tour)。现就两种组织方案征求学生意见。一是以班级为单位，学校随机决定研学地点;二是由学生各自申请想去的中学，学校根据各处报名人数统筹安排。请写一封信给校长谈谈你的看法，信件内容需包括： 1)你选择哪个方案; 2)你选择该方案的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear principal, I’m Li Hua, a senior high 2 student of our school. I’m glad to learn that the school plan to organize all the students of our grade to go to many out-of-town schools for a study tour this term. As for the two organizational projects proposed by the school, I suggest that students apply for the schools they want to go to and that our school make overall arrangements according to the number of applicants. The reasons why I choose this project are as follows. First of all, allowing students to choose schools by themselves can help stimulate their enthusiasm and increase their desire to study. Secondly, students can learn the knowledge and relevant information of the school they want to go to in advance so as to make full preparation for the study. Last but not least, our school can make various arrangements ahead of time according to the number of students applying to ensure the smooth progress of study tour. If you could take my advice into account, I would appreciate it. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就本学期学校计划组织全年级学生去多个外地中学研学事宜，对学校提出的两种组织方案，提出自己的意见和建议，表明自己选择哪种方案，并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 计划：plan→project 建议：suggest→propose 激励、激发：stimulate→inspire 提前：in advance→ahead of time 考虑：take...into account→consider 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换： 原句：Secondly, students can learn the knowledge and relevant information of the school they want to go to in advance so as to make full preparation for the study. 拓展句：Secondly, students can learn the knowledge and relevant information of the school they want to go to in advance in order that they can make full preparation for the study. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As for the two organizational projects proposed by the school, I suggest that students apply for the schools they want to go to and that our school make overall arrangements according to the number of applicants.（运用了两个以连接词that引导的并列宾语从句和虚拟语气。） 【高分句型2】The reasons why I choose this project are as follows.（运用了以关系副词why引导的定语从句。） 试卷第4页，共28页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$■9■■ 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 口 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 郑 1 1 1 1 注意事项 23 2 2 23 2 2 23 2 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并 34 2345678 3 3 34 3 3 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码： 4 4 4 45 4 4 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5mm 45678 5 5 5 56 5 5 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 6 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围 6 6 6 6 6 6 的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 78 7 78 7 7 7 > 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、 弄皱，不准使用涂 8 8 8 8 8 改液、刮纸刀。 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5.正确填涂 选择题 (请用2B铅笔填涂) 1 IAIBIICHDI 6 IAJIBJICHD] 16 IAJBIICHDI 棉 2【AJIBJICIID] 7 IAJIBJICHDI 12 IAJIBJICHD] 17 IAJIB]ICHDI 想 3 [AJ[BJICHD] 8 IAJIBJICHD] 13 [A][BJICHD] 18【AIIB1ICID] 4 [AJIB]ICHD] 9 IAJBJICHD] 14 [] 19 [AJIBJICHD] 5 [AJIBIICHD] 15 【A1 [B]CHD] 20 IAJIBIICIID] 41 [AJ[BIICI[DI 46 [AIIB]ICI[D] 51 [AJIBIICJIDI 5 IAJIBIICIIDI 2 [AJBIICIID] 52 IAIIBIICJIDI 57 [AJIBJICIID] ! 3 IA]IBIICJID] 48 IAJIBIICIID] 58 IAJIB]ICIIDI 4H【AJIBIICHIDI 49 [AIBIICIDI 54 IAJIB]IC]ID] 59 IAJIBIICI[D] 4s【AJIBJICJID] 50 IAJIBIICIID] 55【AJIBJICJID] 60 [AJIB]ICJID] 61 IAJIBIIC]IDI 66 IAIIBIICIIDI 62【A1IB]IC1ID] 60 IAJBIICIIDIIEJIFI 63【AJIBIICJIDI 68 IAIIBIICIIDIIEJIFI 64 [AJIBIICIIDI 69 [AIIBJICIIDIIEJIFI 65 [AJIBIICIID] 70 [AJIBIICIIDI[EJIFI 非选择题 (请在各试题的答题区内作答) Ⅱ、 Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 英语第1页（共2页） Section B 31. 32 33. 34 35. 36 37 38 39. 40. : IV.Summary Writing (10) 71. V、Translation(15分) 72、 73、 74、 此 75、 VI、Guided Writing(25分) ! ! 席 ! 英语第2页（共2页）■■■ 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 ▣ 1 1 注意豪项 1234567 23 2 2 1.答题前， 考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号码填写清楚，并 23456 23456 123456 234 3 23 23 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 4 4 4 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5mm 456 456 5 5 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围 6 6 的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效 78 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂 8 名 8 8 改液、刮纸刀。 5. 正确填涂 选择题 (请用2B铅笔填涂) 1IAB1ICID】 6 IA]IB]ICHD] I1 (A]IB]ICID] 16 IA][B][CHD] 杯 2 IA]IBIICID] 7 IA][B]ICHD] 12 [A][B][CHID] 17 IA][B][CHD] 数 3【A1IB1IC1HD 8 IA][BIICHDI 13 [A]IB][CHDI 181A1IB11C1ID】 A【A1HB1IC1HD1 [A][BIICID] 14 [AJIB][CID 19 [A][B][CHD] 5 [A]IB]ICID] 10 IAJ[B]IC]D] 15 [A][BJICJD] 20 [A][B]ICID 41 [A]IB][C][D] 46 IA][B][C][D] 51 [A][B][C]ID] 56 [A][B][C][D] 42[A]IB]IC][D] 47 [AI[B]IC]ID] 52 [AJ[B]ICJ[D] 57 IAJ[B]IC]ID] 43 [A]IB]ICIIDI 48 IAI[B]IC]ID] 53 [A][B][C]ID] 58 IAI[BIICI[D] 44 [A]IB][C][D] 41AB]IC]ID 54 [AJIB][CIID] 59 A][BI[CIIDI 45IA[B]IC[D】 50 IA][B]ICI[D] 55 [AI[B][C]ID] 60 IAJ[B][CIID] 61 [A]IB]ICIIDI 66 IA][B][C]ID] 62【A1IB1IC1[D 67 IAJIB]ICJIDIIEIIF) 的1 63 [A][B]IC][D] 68 [A]IB]IC]ID]IE]IF] 64 [A]IB]IC]ID] 69 IAIB]IC]ID]IEJIF] 65 (A]IB]ICIID 70 [A][B]IC]ID]IEJIFI 非选择题 (请在各试题的答题区内作答) II、 Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A 21 22 23 24 25 26 27. 28 29. 30. 英语第1页（共2页） Section B 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38 39. 40. IV.Summary Writing (10) 71. 瑞 V、Translation(15分) 72、 73、 74、 学 75、 VI、Guided Writing(25分) 烯 英语第2页（共2页） 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选择性必修一+选择性必修二 （沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．$100. B．$200. C．$300. D．$400. 2． A．By plane. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By train. 3． A．At home. B．At a hair-dresser. C．In the office. D．In a library. 4． A．Paying his debt． B．Paying the rent． C．Paying his tuition． D．Betting on something． 5． A．Cook and baker. B．Waitress and diner. C．Tailor and customer. D．Boss and secretary. 6． A．Delivering newspaper. B．Picking fruit. C．Baby-sitting. D．Posting advertisements. 7． A．In a doctor’s office. B．In a professor’s office. C．In an operating room. D．In an emergency ward. 8． A．His boss fired him． B．He had a quarrel with his boss． C．He couldn’t stand his boss’s bad temper． D．His boss didn’t agree with him on an issue． 9． A．There are too many courses offered to students. B．The woman should take fewer courses next term. C．The man will take four courses next semester. D．It is wiser to take more than four courses. 10． A．The man has no air-conditioner． B．It has been extremely hot lately． C．The man didn’t use air-conditioner in hot summer． D．The man can’t stand a day without air-conditioning． Section B Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11．A．A sailor. B．A doctor. C．A soldier. D．A cleaner. 12．A．He suffered a lot. B．He ran a medical school. C．He started a clinic. D．He enjoyed his work. 13．A．He hated the sight of blood. B．He worked by himself in the clinic. C．He was a devoted doctor. D．He once wanted to be a sailor like his father. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14．A．Les Misérables. B．Red. C．My Week with Marilyn. D．The Theory of Everything. 15．A．He rose to fame overnight. B．He has been a household name. C．He was recommended by Prince Harry. D．He first appeared in a stage play in 2004. 16．A．His small brown spots on the face. B．His graduation from famous schools. C．His remarkable gift for performing on stage. D．His involvement in various styles of performance. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17．A．Her husband works there. B．She can speak Arabic. C．It is a beautiful city. D．She needs a rest. 18．A．She has been travelling around the city. B．She has been teaching children English. C．She has been learning drawing and painting. D．She has been looking for an Arabic teacher. 19．A．Grammar. B．Reading. C．Writing. D．Pronunciation. 20．A．She is generous and friendly. B．She loves Arabic music. C．She understands English culture. D．She is good at dancing. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How language transformed humanity Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees, our closest relatives. All other major differences between us likely stem from language. “It allows you to implant (植入) a thought from your mind directly into someone else’s mind”, says Mark Pagel, professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading. Humans use discrete (分离的) pulses of sound—their language— 21 (alter) the internal settings inside someone else’s brain to suit an individual’s interests. Language is a form of social learning instead of something 22 (pursue) all by oneself. Social learning is visual theft: for example, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal (and benefit from) your best ideas, wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these 23 . There are two options for dealing with this crisis: either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group’s knowledge 24 (share) only with one’s relatives or expand one’s group to include unrelated others. 25 our relatives, the Neanderthals, who withdrew into small groups, humans chose the second option, and language was the result. “Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange”, says Professor Pagel. In fact, as Professor Pagel argues, language is a “social technology” 26 (allow) for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups. According to the archaeological record, it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas 27 came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion. But almost incomprehensibly, thousands of languages evolved. So just 28 a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups, different languages slow the flow of ideas, technologies—and even genes. “Can humans afford to have all these different languages?” asks Professor Pagel. In a world 29 we want to promote cooperation, in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity’s levels of prosperity, multiple languages 30 not be practical. In fact, humanity’s “destiny is to be one world with one language”, concludes Professor Pagel. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．guarantee   B．boost     C． barely    D．distractions   E. literally   F. spare G. towering    H. critical   I. excessive   J. packing      K. available It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy? There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual 31 .  (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set 32 , unrealistic expectations that stress people out. It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) 33 moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag. What’s worse is that long hours, 34 busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) 35 of a physical and mental breakdown. Besides, everyone’s talking about how to 36 productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what? Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about 37 some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can 38 work 24/7, but humans can’t. When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do! But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts. Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and 39 for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing. Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is 40 worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is 41 with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward 42 development. This is very 43 to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, 44 a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to 45 . For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against 46 . “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The 47 fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all 48 technologies.” The latest 49 from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that 50 painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average 51 of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest 52 in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the 53 of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal 54 for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which 55 last year. 41．A．confused B．impressed C．obsessed D．connected 42．A．available B．accessible C．sustainable D．substantial 43．A．evident B．attractive C．invisible D．unique 44．A．donating B．contributing C．manufacturing D．distributing 45．A．fall behind B．put forward C．look up D．catch up 46．A．pollution B．environment C．ecology D．emission 47．A．probably B．inevitably C．incredibly D．traditionally 48．A．biological B．advanced C．far-reaching D．green 49．A．study B．figures C．technologies D．innovation 50．A．thanks to B．despite C．regardless of D．other than 51．A．height B．length C．concentration D．weight 52．A．obstacle B．improvement C．contribution D．cultivation 53．A．quality B．flavor C．deposit D．proportion 54．A．accounting B．making C．looking D．applying 55．A．took effect B．took place C．took to D．took in Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last summer, a video from Cardiff showed opera coach Mary King wet-eyed during the finals of BBC Cardiff Singer of the World.Who had moved her to tears? Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.” Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. He grew up in the traditional Mongolian way, living in circular tents with his nomadic (游牧的) family. As a child, he rode some 60 miles a day, and he was always singing. He won a place at university in Ulaanbaatar but dropped out after two years when he couldn’t pay the fees, became a taxi driver and one night got chatting to a customer who happened to be the chief of police. Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe. That backstory aroused my curiosity — so much so that three months later I was on a flight to Ulaanbaatar with a radio producer and suitcase of audio equipment. I had the same basic knowledge many westerners share about Mongolia: Genghis Khan, Gobi desert, furry camels, wild horses, wonderful throat singers. My guidebook described a proud nation. “It is rude to turn down an offer of horse’s milk,” I read, “for it is considered a gesture of friendship.” International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.” 56．Ariunbaatar won the Song prize mainly because of A．his command of different songs. B．his charming appearance. C．his unusual background. D．his impressive sound. 57．What is most likely to be Ariunbaatar’s turning point before he rose to fame? A．He was admitted to a university for the first time. B．He became a member of the police orchestra. C．He moved Mary King and got the big prize. D．He was raised in the traditional Mongolian way. 58．What can be learned from the last paragraph about Ariunbaatar? A．He cares little about fame. B．He hopes to become better known. C．He wants to give his family a better life. D．He draws inspiration from the horses. 59．What is the passage mainly about? A．How Ariunbaatar became a famous star. B．An introduction to an opera singer. C．Why the author travelled to Mongolian. D．A video about a celebrated opera contest. B Top Scientists Take Sides Famous Inducers(Experiment> ) Gregor Mendel(1822-1884) Mendel spent years recording variations in the appearance of peas and other living things. By analysing this data, he identified mathematical laws that govern genetics. Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold (霉) could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic. Ernest Rutherford(1871-1937) During an experiment, Rutherford noted that energetic particles could pass easily through thin metal foil (箔). From this evidence he formulated a scientific law: the atom is mostly empty space. Famous Deducers(Theory> Experiment) Isaac Newton(1643-1727) Inspired by the motion of falling objects(but probably not an apple!) Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. Only later did he perform calculations to prove that his idea, “universal gravitation,” was true. Democritus(c. 460-370 B．C． ) Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an “atom.” Democritus had no means to test his theory. But later experimenters proved atoms are real. Alfred Wegener(1880-1930) Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth’s land masses began as a single, giant continent. Over many years, many disciplines including geology and fossilology would finally prove that his theory of “continental drift” is accurate. 60．Which of the following best define “Inducers” and “Deducers” according to the poster? A．Inducers are those who arrive at a conclusion based on theories. B．Inducers prefer to make experiments to prove some relative theories. C．Deducers usually do more experiments than develop theories. D．Deducers tend to arrive at a conclusion by reasoning or inference. 61．Which of the following is True according to the poster? A．Mendel recognised mathematical laws governing genetics by farming. B．Newton proposed the idea “universal gravitation” by observing the falling of apples. C．It was Fleming who made the discovery of the first effective antibiotic. D．Alfred Wegener created the theory of “continental drift” after he found rich evidence. 62．Where can this poster most probably be seen? A．In a university lecture. B．In a physics textbook. C．In a science magazine. D．In an advertisement. C Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious (有营养的) and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren’t necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.” For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn’t always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “Whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 63．The new research questions whether organic food ________. A．should replace traditional food B．has been overpriced by farmers C．is grown with less harmful chemicals D．is really more nutritious and healthier 64．Smith Spangler and her colleagues found that ________. A．organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B．traditional food was grown with more natural methods C．both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D．there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 65．Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A．Organic chicken and pork. B．Organic milk and chicken. C．Traditional chicken and pork. D．Traditional fruit and vegetables. 66．What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Approving. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A．You may go to seek answers from him. B．Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C．Research your questions using the Internet or library. D．See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E．Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F．Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. 67 Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. 68 The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. 69 Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. 70 Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. IV. Summary Writing （10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72．与其说成功靠运气不如说靠辛勤努力。(as...as) 73．尽管那天下着大雨，他们仍然坚持花无数的时间收集高原上的种子。(Despite) 74．这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。(awaken) 75．学校建议我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆，这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用。(role) VI. Guided Writing （25分） Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学高二学生李华，本学期学校计划组织全年级学生去多个外地中学研学(study tour)。现就两种组织方案征求学生意见。一是以班级为单位，学校随机决定研学地点;二是由学生各自申请想去的中学，学校根据各处报名人数统筹安排。请写一封信给校长谈谈你的看法，信件内容需包括： 1)你选择哪个方案; 2)你选择该方案的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第26页，共28页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选择性必修一+选择性必修二 （沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．$100. B．$200. C．$300. D．$400. 2． A．By plane. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By train. 3． A．At home. B．At a hair-dresser. C．In the office. D．In a library. 4． A．Paying his debt． B．Paying the rent． C．Paying his tuition． D．Betting on something． 5． A．Cook and baker. B．Waitress and diner. C．Tailor and customer. D．Boss and secretary. 6． A．Delivering newspaper. B．Picking fruit. C．Baby-sitting. D．Posting advertisements. 7． A．In a doctor’s office. B．In a professor’s office. C．In an operating room. D．In an emergency ward. 8． A．His boss fired him． B．He had a quarrel with his boss． C．He couldn’t stand his boss’s bad temper． D．His boss didn’t agree with him on an issue． 9． A．There are too many courses offered to students. B．The woman should take fewer courses next term. C．The man will take four courses next semester. D．It is wiser to take more than four courses. 10． A．The man has no air-conditioner． B．It has been extremely hot lately． C．The man didn’t use air-conditioner in hot summer． D．The man can’t stand a day without air-conditioning． Section B Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11．A．A sailor. B．A doctor. C．A soldier. D．A cleaner. 12．A．He suffered a lot. B．He ran a medical school. C．He started a clinic. D．He enjoyed his work. 13．A．He hated the sight of blood. B．He worked by himself in the clinic. C．He was a devoted doctor. D．He once wanted to be a sailor like his father. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14．A．Les Misérables. B．Red. C．My Week with Marilyn. D．The Theory of Everything. 15．A．He rose to fame overnight. B．He has been a household name. C．He was recommended by Prince Harry. D．He first appeared in a stage play in 2004. 16．A．His small brown spots on the face. B．His graduation from famous schools. C．His remarkable gift for performing on stage. D．His involvement in various styles of performance. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17．A．Her husband works there. B．She can speak Arabic. C．It is a beautiful city. D．She needs a rest. 18．A．She has been travelling around the city. B．She has been teaching children English. C．She has been learning drawing and painting. D．She has been looking for an Arabic teacher. 19．A．Grammar. B．Reading. C．Writing. D．Pronunciation. 20．A．She is generous and friendly. B．She loves Arabic music. C．She understands English culture. D．She is good at dancing. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How language transformed humanity Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees, our closest relatives. All other major differences between us likely stem from language. “It allows you to implant (植入) a thought from your mind directly into someone else’s mind”, says Mark Pagel, professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading. Humans use discrete (分离的) pulses of sound—their language— 21 (alter) the internal settings inside someone else’s brain to suit an individual’s interests. Language is a form of social learning instead of something 22 (pursue) all by oneself. Social learning is visual theft: for example, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal (and benefit from) your best ideas, wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these 23 . There are two options for dealing with this crisis: either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group’s knowledge 24 (share) only with one’s relatives or expand one’s group to include unrelated others. 25 our relatives, the Neanderthals, who withdrew into small groups, humans chose the second option, and language was the result. “Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange”, says Professor Pagel. In fact, as Professor Pagel argues, language is a “social technology” 26 (allow) for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups. According to the archaeological record, it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas 27 came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion. But almost incomprehensibly, thousands of languages evolved. So just 28 a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups, different languages slow the flow of ideas, technologies—and even genes. “Can humans afford to have all these different languages?” asks Professor Pagel. In a world 29 we want to promote cooperation, in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity’s levels of prosperity, multiple languages 30 not be practical. In fact, humanity’s “destiny is to be one world with one language”, concludes Professor Pagel. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．guarantee   B．boost     C． barely    D．distractions   E. literally   F. spare G. towering    H. critical   I. excessive   J. packing      K. available It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy? There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual 31 .  (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set 32 , unrealistic expectations that stress people out. It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) 33 moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag. What’s worse is that long hours, 34 busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) 35 of a physical and mental breakdown. Besides, everyone’s talking about how to 36 productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what? Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about 37 some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can 38 work 24/7, but humans can’t. When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do! But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts. Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and 39 for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing. Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is 40 worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is 41 with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward 42 development. This is very 43 to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, 44 a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to 45 . For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against 46 . “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The 47 fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all 48 technologies.” The latest 49 from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that 50 painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average 51 of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest 52 in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the 53 of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal 54 for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which 55 last year. 41．A．confused B．impressed C．obsessed D．connected 42．A．available B．accessible C．sustainable D．substantial 43．A．evident B．attractive C．invisible D．unique 44．A．donating B．contributing C．manufacturing D．distributing 45．A．fall behind B．put forward C．look up D．catch up 46．A．pollution B．environment C．ecology D．emission 47．A．probably B．inevitably C．incredibly D．traditionally 48．A．biological B．advanced C．far-reaching D．green 49．A．study B．figures C．technologies D．innovation 50．A．thanks to B．despite C．regardless of D．other than 51．A．height B．length C．concentration D．weight 52．A．obstacle B．improvement C．contribution D．cultivation 53．A．quality B．flavor C．deposit D．proportion 54．A．accounting B．making C．looking D．applying 55．A．took effect B．took place C．took to D．took in Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last summer, a video from Cardiff showed opera coach Mary King wet-eyed during the finals of BBC Cardiff Singer of the World.Who had moved her to tears? Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.” Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. He grew up in the traditional Mongolian way, living in circular tents with his nomadic (游牧的) family. As a child, he rode some 60 miles a day, and he was always singing. He won a place at university in Ulaanbaatar but dropped out after two years when he couldn’t pay the fees, became a taxi driver and one night got chatting to a customer who happened to be the chief of police. Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe. That backstory aroused my curiosity — so much so that three months later I was on a flight to Ulaanbaatar with a radio producer and suitcase of audio equipment. I had the same basic knowledge many westerners share about Mongolia: Genghis Khan, Gobi desert, furry camels, wild horses, wonderful throat singers. My guidebook described a proud nation. “It is rude to turn down an offer of horse’s milk,” I read, “for it is considered a gesture of friendship.” International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.” 56．Ariunbaatar won the Song prize mainly because of A．his command of different songs. B．his charming appearance. C．his unusual background. D．his impressive sound. 57．What is most likely to be Ariunbaatar’s turning point before he rose to fame? A．He was admitted to a university for the first time. B．He became a member of the police orchestra. C．He moved Mary King and got the big prize. D．He was raised in the traditional Mongolian way. 58．What can be learned from the last paragraph about Ariunbaatar? A．He cares little about fame. B．He hopes to become better known. C．He wants to give his family a better life. D．He draws inspiration from the horses. 59．What is the passage mainly about? A．How Ariunbaatar became a famous star. B．An introduction to an opera singer. C．Why the author travelled to Mongolian. D．A video about a celebrated opera contest. B Top Scientists Take Sides Famous Inducers(Experiment> ) Gregor Mendel(1822-1884) Mendel spent years recording variations in the appearance of peas and other living things. By analysing this data, he identified mathematical laws that govern genetics. Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) While studying bacteria, Fleming observed that bread mold (霉) could kill bacteria harmful to human health. This led him to discover penicillin, the first effective antibiotic. Ernest Rutherford(1871-1937) During an experiment, Rutherford noted that energetic particles could pass easily through thin metal foil (箔). From this evidence he formulated a scientific law: the atom is mostly empty space. Famous Deducers(Theory> Experiment) Isaac Newton(1643-1727) Inspired by the motion of falling objects(but probably not an apple!) Newton proposed that all objects attract each other. Only later did he perform calculations to prove that his idea, “universal gravitation,” was true. Democritus(c. 460-370 B．C． ) Based on philosophical principles, Democritus argued that a material cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever; he called its smallest possible unit an “atom.” Democritus had no means to test his theory. But later experimenters proved atoms are real. Alfred Wegener(1880-1930) Noticing the interlockable shapes of the continents, Wegener made the bold proposal that Earth’s land masses began as a single, giant continent. Over many years, many disciplines including geology and fossilology would finally prove that his theory of “continental drift” is accurate. 60．Which of the following best define “Inducers” and “Deducers” according to the poster? A．Inducers are those who arrive at a conclusion based on theories. B．Inducers prefer to make experiments to prove some relative theories. C．Deducers usually do more experiments than develop theories. D．Deducers tend to arrive at a conclusion by reasoning or inference. 61．Which of the following is True according to the poster? A．Mendel recognised mathematical laws governing genetics by farming. B．Newton proposed the idea “universal gravitation” by observing the falling of apples. C．It was Fleming who made the discovery of the first effective antibiotic. D．Alfred Wegener created the theory of “continental drift” after he found rich evidence. 62．Where can this poster most probably be seen? A．In a university lecture. B．In a physics textbook. C．In a science magazine. D．In an advertisement. C Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious (有营养的) and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren’t necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.” For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn’t always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “Whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 63．The new research questions whether organic food ________. A．should replace traditional food B．has been overpriced by farmers C．is grown with less harmful chemicals D．is really more nutritious and healthier 64．Smith Spangler and her colleagues found that ________. A．organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B．traditional food was grown with more natural methods C．both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D．there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 65．Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A．Organic chicken and pork. B．Organic milk and chicken. C．Traditional chicken and pork. D．Traditional fruit and vegetables. 66．What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Approving. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A．You may go to seek answers from him. B．Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C．Research your questions using the Internet or library. D．See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E．Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F．Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. 67 Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. 68 The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. 69 Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. 70 Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. IV. Summary Writing （10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72．与其说成功靠运气不如说靠辛勤努力。(as...as) ____________________________________________________________________ 73．尽管那天下着大雨，他们仍然坚持花无数的时间收集高原上的种子。(Despite) ____________________________________________________________________ 74．这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。(awaken) ____________________________________________________________________ 75．学校建议我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆，这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用。(role) ____________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing （25分） Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学高二学生李华，本学期学校计划组织全年级学生去多个外地中学研学(study tour)。现就两种组织方案征求学生意见。一是以班级为单位，学校随机决定研学地点;二是由学生各自申请想去的中学，学校根据各处报名人数统筹安排。请写一封信给校长谈谈你的看法，信件内容需包括： 1)你选择哪个方案; 2)你选择该方案的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共14页） 试题 第12页（共14页） 试题 第13页（共14页） 试题 第14页（共14页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷 参考答案 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） I. Listening Comprehension (25分) 1-5. ADABC 6-10.BADBC 11-13 BDC 14-16. DBD 17-20.ACDB II. Grammar and vocabulary (20分) Section A 21．to alter 22．pursued 23．things 24．are shared 25．Like 26．allowing 27．that 28．only 29．where 30．can Section B 31．D 32．G 33．F 34．I 35．B 36．A 37．J 38．E 39．K 40．C III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．A Section B 56．D 57．B 58．A 59．B 60．D 61．C 62．C 63．D 64．C 65．B 66．A Section C 67．D 68．E 69．A 70．B IV. Samar y （10分） 71.【参考答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. V. Translation （15分） 【72】Success lies not as much in luck as in hard work. 【73】Despite the heavy rain that day, they still persisted in spending countless hours collecting seeds on the plateau. 【74】The end of this science fiction novel awakens reader that continuing to neglect the protection of the balance of nature will make human-being eat their own bitter fruit. 【75】The school suggests that we donate our used books to the library when we graduate, so that they can play a greater role as a learning resource. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 76.【参考答案】 Dear principal, I’m Li Hua, a senior high 2 student of our school. I’m glad to learn that the school plan to organize all the students of our grade to go to many out-of-town schools for a study tour this term. As for the two organizational projects proposed by the school, I suggest that students apply for the schools they want to go to and that our school make overall arrangements according to the number of applicants. The reasons why I choose this project are as follows. First of all, allowing students to choose schools by themselves can help stimulate their enthusiasm and increase their desire to study. Secondly, students can learn the knowledge and relevant information of the school they want to go to in advance so as to make full preparation for the study. Last but not least, our school can make various arrangements ahead of time according to the number of students applying to ensure the smooth progress of study tour. If you could take my advice into account, I would appreciate it. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$