新概念英语第三册Lesson 8 A famous monastery学习要点解析 讲义

新概念英语第三册 Lesson8 一、词汇用法 monastery：“寺院，修道院” 之意，如：The famous monastery of St. Bernard is very old.（圣伯纳德著名的修道院非常古老。） St. Bernard：指 “圣伯纳德”，常指圣伯纳德犬或与圣伯纳德相关的事物，如：St. Bernard dogs are very friendly.（圣伯纳德犬非常友好。） pass：作名词时有 “关隘” 的意思，例如：The Great St. Bernard Pass is very dangerous.（圣伯纳德大山口非常危险。） watchdog：“看门狗”，如：These dogs were used as watchdogs in Roman times.（这些狗在罗马时代被用作看门狗。） rashly：“莽撞地，冒失地”，形容人的行为，如：He rashly attempted to cross the river.（他莽撞地试图过河。） enclosure：“围场，圈地”，例如：The dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.（狗必须被关在一个特殊的围场里。） monk：“和尚，僧侣”，如：The monks in the monastery are very kind.（修道院里的僧侣非常善良。） privacy：“清静，隐居”，例如：The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy.（修道士们喜欢冬天胜过夏天，因为他们有更多的清静。） skier：“滑雪者”，如：The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers.（冬天到修道院的常客是一批批的滑雪者。） Easter：“复活节”，是一个重要的西方节日，如：They go to the monastery at Easter.（他们在复活节去修道院。） 二、课文精讲 课文概述： 本文主要介绍了圣伯纳德大山口以及与之相关的圣伯纳德修道院。山口连接着瑞士和意大利，海拔很高且曾经十分危险，幸有圣伯纳德犬帮助旅行者。修道院在夏季和冬季有着不同的景象，夏季繁忙，冬季则较为清静16. 重点句子讲解： “The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.”：此句中 “connect...to...” 表示 “连接…… 到……”，是常用的表达两地连接的词组45. “At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.”：“At 2,473 metres” 在句首作状语，用于说明山口的海拔高度，这种介词短语放在句首的结构可以表示原因、条件或状态245. “The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away.”：“which was founded in the eleventh century” 是非限制性定语从句，用于对圣伯纳德修道院进行补充说明，去掉该从句对主句的理解影响不大124. “Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous.”：“Now that” 意为 “既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，类似的表达还有 “Since”“Because” 等，需注意 now that 作时间连词时，后面一般跟完成时，表原因时则时态不限27. 三、语法知识点 定语从句： 文中多次出现定语从句，如 “which was founded in the eleventh century”“which were first brought from Asia” 等，用于修饰先行词，使句子更加丰富和具体。要注意区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法和区别，限制性定语从句是主句中不可缺少的部分，而非限制性定语从句只是对主句或主句中某个名词的补充说明，去掉后对主句影响不大246. 让步状语从句：“Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.” 中 “Despite” 引导让步状语，意为 “尽管”，相当于 “in spite of”，表示尽管有新隧道，但仍有人冒险徒步穿越山口12. 时间状语从句：“whenever a traveller is in difficulty” 是时间状语从句，“whenever” 表示 “无论何时”，引导时间状语从句，类似的词还有 “when”“while”“as” 等，但 whenever 强调在任何时候，语气更强12. 比较结构：“The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy.” 中 “prefer A to B” 表示 “比起 B 更喜欢 A”，是一种常用的比较结构，用于表达两者之间的偏好27. 四、习题 单项选择 The Great St. Bernard Pass is famous for ____. A. its height B. the monastery C. the dogs D. all of the above St. Bernard dogs were used as watchdogs ____. A. in the 11th century B. in Roman times C. after the tunnel was built D. in summer Now that a tunnel has been built, ____. A. no one attempts to cross the Pass on foot B. the Pass is still very dangerous C. the dogs are not needed any more D. the Pass is less dangerous but the dogs are still useful The monks prefer winter because ____. A. it is colder B. they have more privacy C. there are fewer visitors D. both B and C The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are ____. A. travellers B. monks C. skiers D. dogs 用所给词的适当形式填空 The monastery ____ (found) in the eleventh century is very famous. St. Bernard dogs have saved many ____ (travel) lives. The temperature in winter ____ (drop) to -30℃ at the monastery. Despite the new tunnel, some people still attempt ____ (cross) the Pass on foot. The dogs are allowed ____ (wander) outside in winter. 句型转换 The famous monastery of St. Bernard lies about a mile away from the Pass. (对划线部分提问) ____ ____ does the famous monastery of St. Bernard lie away from the Pass? St. Bernard dogs were first brought from Asia. (改为同义句) St. Bernard dogs ____ from Asia ____. The Pass is less dangerous because a tunnel has been built. (改为含有 now that 的句子) ____ ____ a tunnel has been built, the Pass is less dangerous. The monks prefer winter to summer. (改为同义句) The monks like winter ____ ____ summer. The dogs are sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. (改为让步状语从句) ____ ____ a traveller is in difficulty, the dogs are sent out into the snow. 五、习题答案 单项选择 D B D D C 用所给词的适当形式填空 founded travellers’ drops to cross to wander 句型转换 How far came; first Now that better than Even if 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$