Units 9～10 复习课件【考点串讲】-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版）

人教版九年级上期末考点串讲 Units 9-Unit 10 目 录 CONTENT Unit9-10 重点短语 语法精讲：定语从句的用法 语法精讲：动词不定式的用法 2 3 4 1 5 Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 一、重点短语 1.dance to 伴……而舞 2.sing along with 随……而唱 3.different kinds of... 不同种类的…… 4.listen to... 听…… 5.at work 在工作 6.have spare time 有空 7.think too much 想太多 8.in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话 9.think about考虑；思考 10.stick to sth. 坚持……;固守…… 11.depend on 取决于;决定于 12.cheer sb.up 使某人变得更高兴;振奋起来 13.have a happy ending 有一个愉快的结局 14.provide sth for sb 为某人提供某东西 provide sb with sth 15.plenty of 大量的;充足的 16.shut off 关闭;停止运转 17.in time 及时 18.once in a while 偶尔地;间或 19.be afraid of 害怕 20.not...anymore 不再 21.the name of... ......的名字 一、重点短语 22.take... to... 把......带到......去 23.sense a strong sadness and pain 感受到 强烈的悲伤和痛苦 24.look up the history of 查找……的历史 25.be written by sb. 由某人写作 26.be born in sp. 出生于某地 27.such as 例如 28.be known for 因……而出名 29.make money赚钱 30.get married(to sb.) (与某人)结婚 29.during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 30.by the end of one’s life 到某人临终前 31.in total 总共;合计 32.one of China’s national treasures 中国的国宝之一 33.for this reason 由于这个原因 Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 1.Australian adj.澳大利亚(人)的 n.澳大利亚人→Australia n.澳大利亚 2.electronic adj.电子的;电子设备的 →electricity n.电;电能 3.suppose v.推断;料想→supposed (过去式) 4.smooth adj.悦耳的;平滑的 →smoothly adv.流畅地;顺利地;平稳地 5.director n.导演;部门负责人 →direct v.指导;导演;领路 adj.直接的 6.stick v.粘贴;将……刺入→stuck (过去式)→stuck (过去分词) 7.down adj.悲哀;沮丧→sad/disappointed (同义词) 8.dialog=dialogue n.对话;对白 9.ending n.(故事、电影等的)结尾;结局 →beginning (反义词)n.开端;开始;起点 10.shut v.关闭;关上→shut (过去式)→shut (过去分词)→close (同义词) Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 二、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化] 11.intelligent adj.有才智的;聪明的→unintelligent (反义词)→wise∕clever∕bright∕smart∕knowledgeable adj.(同义词)→intelligence n.才智;智力 12.sadness n.悲伤;悲痛 →sad adj.(令人)悲哀的;(令人)难过的→sadly adv.悲哀地;不幸地;令人遗憾地 13.pain n.痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 →painful adj.令人痛苦的;令人疼痛的 14.reflect v.反映;映出 →reflection n.反映;映像;反射 15.moving adj.动人的;令人感动的 →moved adj.受感动的 →move v.移动;搬家;使感动 16.perform v.表演;执行 →performance n.表演;表现 17.total n.总数;合计 adj.总的;全体的→totally adv.完全;全部地;整个地 三、用法精萃 1.prefer to do sth 更喜欢干某事 prefer doing sth to doing sth prefer to sth rather than do sth 宁愿干某事不愿干某事 2.feel like (doing) sth. 想要(做)……  3.after doing sth 干某事之后 4.a good way to do... 一个做……的好办法 5.provide sth for sb 为某人提供某东西 = provide sb with sth 6.teach sb to do sth 教某人干某事 7.continue to do sth 继续干某事 8.try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 三、核心单词知用法 1、prefer的用法 【详解】prefer即可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词， 意为“更喜欢，宁愿”。其用法如下： ①. prefer sth. to sth./ prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与做某事相比更喜欢做某事。 ②. prefer doing sth. 更愿意做某事。 ③. prefer (sb) to do sth. 更愿意（让某人）做某事。 ④. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。 注意：prefer 的过去式和过去分词都是preferred, 现在分词是preferring. 2、along with的用法 【详解】along with意为“伴随着；同…….一道”，相当于together with. Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 提示：当主语后有along with/together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。 His brother along with his friends has gone to another city. 他哥哥和他的朋友们去了另外一个城市。 3、what kind of的用法 【详解】what kind of意为“什么种类”，后面一般接单数名词或不可数名词。 【拓展】 ①a kind of 意为“一种”，修饰名词。 ②different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”，修饰名词。 ③all kinds of 意为“各种各样”，修饰名词。 ④kind of 意为“有点，有几分”，修饰动词、形容词及副词。 4、suppose的用法 【详解】suppose是动词,意为“推断;料想”,常用来表示说话人的看法、猜测或假设。其主要用法如下: ①“suppose (that)+从句”意为“猜测;认为” The teacher supposes (that) his students can't finish this work. 老师猜想他的学生不能完成这项工作。 【注意】当主句的主语是第一人称时,应将否定转移到主句中去。如: I don't suppose (that) he is right.我想他是不对的。 ② be supposed to意为“应该;被期望”,相当于should。 ③“suppose+名词/代词+to be”意为“猜想某人 She supposed her sister to be in the park.她猜想她妹妹在公园。 5、feel like 的用法 【详解】feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”,相当于want / would like to do sth.; feel like sth.意为“想要某物”,相当于want/ would like sth.。 【拓展】feel like意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或从句。 6、stick to 的用法 【详解】stick to 意为“坚持；固守”，其后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 stick to doing sth. 意为“坚持做某事” I shall stick to my decision. 我将坚持我的决定。 7、provide的用法 【详解】provide动词，意为“提供；供给”，常用于provide sth. for sb.,与 provide sb. with sth. 同义。 The school provided food for the students. = The school provided the students with food 【拓展】offer 及物动词，意为“提供；给与”。常用结构为offer sb. sth., 相当于offer sth. to sb. 8、once in a while的用法 【详解】once in a while意为“偶尔地;间或”,相当于sometimes, at times,from time to time或 now and then,在句中作状语，一般位于句首或句末。 【拓展】 含once的短语常用的还有: once upon a time 从前 at once立刻;马上 once more再来一次 once again再次;又一次 9、teach的用法 【详解】teach sb. to do sth. 意为“教某人做某事”。 【拓展】teach后面可接双宾语结构，teach sb. sth. teach oneself 意为“自学”，相当于learn by oneself. 10、noisy的用法 【详解】noisy adj.嗓门大的，聒噪的；嘈杂的，充满噪音的；吵吵嚷嚷的，哗众取宠的 noise n.噪音，嘈杂声；声音，响声 【辨析】noise，voice和sound noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音，一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。 voice 表示优美的声音，也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice.她有一副优美的嗓音。 sound “声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound，该词还可以用作感官动词，意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city.在城市你能听到各种声音。This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。 11、plenty of的用法 【详解】plenty of 意为“大量；充足”。既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。一般用于肯定句中，后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。“ plenty of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与名词保持一致。 【易混辨析】 plenty of, a lot of与 a number of 12、praise的用法 【详解】praise v.（尤指公开地）赞美，表扬；（用语言或音乐）赞美; 赞扬，赞美,歌颂,崇拜 n.表扬，赞美; 称赞,崇拜,赞词 in praise of 歌颂；为赞扬 praise for 因为...赞美 with high praise 受到高度赞扬 more praise than pudding 恭维多而实惠少 praise sb. for(doing ) sth. 因为（做）某事表扬/赞扬某人 ▲ plenty of 后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词 a lot of 后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，相当于lots of a number of 后接可数名词的复数形式 praise sb. as….因为…..表扬某人；赞誉某人作为…..▲ praise sb/sth greatly 盛赞某人/某事 speak highly of 称赞；赞扬 speak highly of sb 高度评价某人;高度赞扬某人▲ 13、experience 的用法 【详解】experience在此为可数名词，意为“经历；感受”。 【拓展】experience 还可作不可数名词，意为“经验”。 Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师 14、wound n. 伤，伤口，创伤。 辨析injure, hurt, wound injure为动词，一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。 e.g. 他在那次事故中受了重伤。He was badly injured in the accident. hurt为一般用语，可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，可作名词或动词。 e.g. 你伤着自己了吗？Did your hurt your self? wound指战斗中的创伤、伤口，可作名词或动词。 e.g. 这位士兵在战斗中两处受伤。The soldier received two wounds in the battle. e.g. 他的手臂受过伤。He has been wounded in the arm. 四、句型解读 1、They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 【详解】too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。 【拓展】 （1）含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。 （2）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能干重活。 Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to . 2、Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 【详解】get married结婚，表示动作。marry既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚”等。 【常见用法】 ①marry sb. 嫁给某人 e.g. Mary married John last week. 上星期玛丽和约翰结婚了。 ②be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 e.g. Rose got married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。 ③marry sb. to sb. 表示“（父母）把女儿嫁给某人”或“为儿子娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一个商人。 3、It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世。 【详解】It is a pity that…….. 是一个常用的句型，意为“很遗憾……, 其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It is a pity that you missed such an interesting movie.  很遗憾你错过了一场如此有趣的电影。 和pity有关的常用表达: What a pity!太遗憾了! It’s a pity.真遗憾。 4、The erhu sounded so sad that I almost cried along with it as I listened. 二胡的声音听起来那么悲伤，以至于我听的时候几乎要随着它哭泣了。 【详解】so...that...“如此……以至于……” so+ 形容词/副词 形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 many/much/few/little（少）+名词 +that从句 He is so short that he can’t reach the book on the top of the shelf. 他太矮了，够不到架子顶端的书。 She is so clever a girl that nobody else in her class can beat her at chess. 她是如此聪明的一个女孩，以至于班上没有其他人能在棋艺上打败她。 There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all. 食物太多了，我们吃不完。 【拓展延伸】such...that也表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其常见用法有： 【巧学妙记】so...that与such...that的用法区别：名前such形副so，多多少少也用so； little一词属特殊，“小”用such“少”用so。 such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数 形容词+可数名词复数 形容词+不可数名词 +that从句 5、Its sad beauty not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 它的凄美不仅描绘了阿炳自己的生活，而且也让人们回想起他们自己的悲伤或痛苦的经历中那些最深的创伤。 【易混辨析】both...and..., neither...nor..., either...or...与not only...but also... Eg.Both his mother and his father are at home now. 现在他父母都在家。 Neither I nor she likes watching soap operas. 我和她都不喜欢看肥皂剧。 Either Jenny or the twins are going to the cinema with me. 珍妮或者这对双胞胎要和我一起去看电影。 both...and... ……和……（两者）都 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 neither... nor... 既不……也不……（两者都不） 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与离其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近”原则。 either...or... 或者……或者……（两者之一） not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… Today, not only he himself, but also his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives. 如今，不仅他自己，而且他的弟弟妹妹也正过着成功的生活。 6、Its sad beauty not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 它哀婉的美不仅描绘了一幅阿炳自己生活的图画，而且也使得人们唤起他们由于自己的悲伤带来的深深的伤口，或痛苦的经历。 【详解】recall v. 回忆起，回想起 e.g. He recalled the event suddenly. 他突然回忆起那个事件。 recall doing sth. 回想起做某事 e.g. I recall discussing the same problem with you last year. 我回想起去年曾和你讨论过相同的问题。 recall + 宾语 + to + 名词 表示“使想起，使回想”。 e.g. Your story recalled my younger days to me. 你的故事让我回想起年轻的时候。 定语从句 的用法 一、定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。在句子中的作用相当于形容词，又称为形容词性从句。 e.g. He is the man who lives next door. e.g. The girl who is talking with my mother is my friend. e.g. I like the dress that my mother bought for me. e.g. The bicycle which he wanted was at least 90＄. 二、定语从句的结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分 【知识点1】 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。（一般出现在定语从句之前） e.g. Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage? (the girl为先行词) e.g. He is the man whose car was stolen last night. (the man为先行词) 【知识点2】 关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句的词。根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。 (1) 关系代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 e.g. Speaking of the USA, New York is the first thing that comes to mind. (作主语) e.g. Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who he respected. (作宾语) e.g. I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. (作宾语) e.g. You’re the only person whose advice he might listen to. (作定语) 关系代词 先行词 成分 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、表 as（高中） 人/物 主、宾、表 e.g. This is the book which you are looking for. (作宾语) e.g. The picture that we are studying was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student. (作宾语) 注意：在定语从句中，关系词取代了先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词。 e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for the book. (应去掉the book) e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for it. (应去掉it) (2) 关系副词：在从句中作状语。 总结：when / where / why --- 在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语 = 介词+which when 时间状语 先行词：day, time, week, year, period, moment, ;occasion (时机) … when = in/on/at/during which e.g. Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? e.g. April Fool’s Day is the day when people make fun of others. = April Fool’s Day is the day on which people make fun of others. where 地点状语 先行词：place, house, factory, village … 抽象地点名词：position, stage, situation, case, point, occasion (场合) … where = in/on/at/to which e.g. Finally, we got to a factory where many mobile phones of high quality were produced. e.g. These are the few points where we disagree with each other. = These are the few points at which we disagree with each other. why 原因状语 先行词：the reason why = for which e.g. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help. e.g. Is this the reason why she refused our offer? (3) 关系代词 or 关系副词 要点1：看从句谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，用关系代词；不及物动词用关系副词。 e.g. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. e.g. I will never forget the days when I spent the summer holidays in the countryside. e.g. I’ll never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside. 要点2：看定语从句中缺少什么成分。★★★★★ 缺少主宾表定---关系代词；缺少时间/地点/原因状语---关系副词。 e.g. Beijing is the place where (=in which) I was born. (where在从句中作地点状语) e.g. He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 知识点3：特殊情况 1. 只用that不用which：（先行词指物） 不定代词、序数词、最高级、人+物、the only/the very/the last、避免重复 注意： (1) 不定代词：先行词为all, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, something, little, few, any等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时，只能用that。 e.g. Is there anything that you don’t understand? e.g. Tom told his mother all that had happened. (2) 序数词：先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 e.g. The first thing (that) we should do now is to find a local guide. (3) 最高级：先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the best book that I have ever read. (4) 人+物：先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. We often talk about people and things (that) we remember. (5) 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。 e. g. This is the only book that I can find. (6) 避免重复。 e.g. He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. (7) 以here, there开头的句子，先行词指物时。 e.g. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank. (8) 当主句是以what或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 e.g. Which is the book that belongs to her? 2. 只用which不用that： (1) 介词+which e.g. The house in which Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. (2) 非限制性定义从句用which e.g. Football, which is a very interesting sport, is played in many countries. (3) 先行词为that, those 时 e.g. What’s that which was out in the car? 定语从句做题小妙招： 方法1：先行词还原法 e.g. The village _______ I visited last year has changed a lot. 先行词为the village，将先行词还原到定语从句中后为 I visited the village last year. 先行词在从句中作宾语。 方法2：四步分析法 一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。 e.g. Do you know the man _______ came here yesterday? 先行词为the man，关系词指人且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。 e.g. He brought me the most interesting book _______ I had wanted to buy. 先行词book被形容词最高级修饰，用that。 【拓展】 1. 关系代词的省略 (1) 可省略：关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作 表语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时可省略。 e.g. That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. e.g. The book (that/which) he found on the playground is mine. e.g. John is not the man (that) he was years ago. e.g. This is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. (2) 不可省略：在“介词+关系代词”结构中，不可省略；非限制性定语从句中关系代词 不可省略。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club. e.g. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher? 语法专练 √ 1．—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him.A．who B．where C．whose D．that2．The panda is a kind of animal ________ can be found only in China.A．which B．who C．whose D．where3．Jackie Chan is an actor ________ is famous for his Chinese kung fu in the action movies.A．which B．whom C．whose D．who4．The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A．which B．what C．whose D．that5．He is the boy ________ I went shopping just now.A．who B．with whom C．whose D．whom √ √ √ √ Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 一、重点短语 1.for the first time 初次；首次 2.shake hands 握手 3.make mistakes 犯错误 4.make friends 交朋友 5.as soon as... 一······就······ 6.hold out one’s hand 伸手 7.to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 8.find out 查出；查明 9.a bit 有点儿；稍微 10.drop by 顺便访问；随便进入 11.as...as sb.can/could 某人尽可能······ 12.on time 准时；按时 13.after all 毕竟；终归 14.at noon 在中午 15.get mad 大动肝火；气愤 16.make an effort 作出努力 17.go abroad 出国 18.clean...off 把······擦掉 19.take off 脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞 20.as...as possible 尽可能······ 21.table manners 餐桌礼仪 22.stick...into... 把······插入······ 一、重点短语 23.point at 指着 24.at the table 在桌旁 25.host family 寄宿家庭 26.have a great time 玩得高兴；过得愉快 27.go out of one's way 特地；格外努力 28.make...feel at home使(某人)感到宾至如归 29.talk to... 和······说话 30.because of 因为 31.cut up 切碎 32.show up 出现；露面 33.knock on the door 敲门 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 1.relax v. 使...放松→ relaxing adj.令...放松的→ relaxed adj.感到放松的 2.value v. 重视；珍视 / n. 价值 → valuable adj. 珍贵的 3.mad adj. 生气的，疯的 → madness n. 疯狂，狂怒 4.north n. 北方 → northern adj. 北方的 south n. 南方→ southern adj. 南方的 east n. 东方 → eastern adj. 东方的 west n. 西方 → western adj. 西方的 5.coast n.海岸；海滨 →coastal adj.沿海的，滨海的 → coastline n. 海岸线 6. basic adj. 基本的，基础的 → basically adv. 基本上，大致说来 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 二、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化] 7. teenage adj. 十几岁的，青少年的 → teenager n.青少年 8. granddaughter n.(外)孙女→ grandson n.孙子 9. behave v. 表现，举止→ behavior n. 行为，举止 10.gradually adv. 逐步地，渐渐地→ gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的 11.suggestion n.(可数名词) 建议 → suggest v.建议 advice n. (不可数名词) 建议 → advise v. 建议 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 二、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化] 三、用法精萃 1.be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 2.be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事；应该做某事 3.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 4.be relaxed about sth / doing sth 干某事很随便 5.mind (one’s) doing sth 介意（某人）干某事 6.make plans to do sth 制定计划干某事 7.make an effort to do sth 努力干某事 8.avoid doing sth 避免干某事 9.keep sb doing sth 使某人一直干某事 10.without doing sth 没有干某事 11.before doing sth 干某事之前 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 12.be (well) worth doing sth (很）值得干某事 13.start doing（to do）sth 开始干某事 14.Thanks for doing sth 因干某事感谢你 15.there is no reason (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没有理由做某事 16.be comfortable doing sth. 做......感到舒适 17.imagine doing sth 想象干某事 18.get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 19.find it+adj.+to do sth. 发现做某事是........的 20.try very hard to do sth. 非常努力做........ 21.It is +adj. +to do sth. 做某事是......的 22.be excited about doing sth 对干某事感到兴奋 三、核心单词知用法 1、suppose的用法 【详解】（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。 （2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。 【句型拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。 （2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。 （3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 2、as soon as的用法 【详解】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。 【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。 Ill call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。 Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。 3、value的用法 【详解】（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。 （2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。 【拓展】 （1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。 （2）value常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。 4、to one’s surprise 的用法 【详解】to one’s surprise意为“使/让某人吃惊的是”。其中surprise用作名词，意为“惊奇；诧异”。 【拓展】①in surprise 惊奇地 ② be surprised at… 对……感到吃惊 ③ be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 5、relaxed的用法 【详解】relaxed 形容词，意为“轻松的，舒适的”。be relaxed about 意为“对……随意；对……感到放松”。 【辨析】relaxed与relaxing relaxed :“舒适的；放松的”，既可作表语，也可作定语。多用来形容人，表示人本身很放松； 拓展：（1）relax作动词，意为“放松，缓和，减轻”。 （2）作动词，意为“松懈，减少”。 6、drop by的用法 【详解】drop by 意为“顺便访问；随便进入”，常用于口语中，多指临时决定，偶尔（顺便）走访、串门。drop by后可接地点或人作宾语，也可不接宾语。 【拓展】 drop in 也意为“拜访” drop in on sb. 意为“拜访某人” drop in at sp. 意为“拜访某地”。 7、effort的用法 【详解】effort为名词，意为“努力；尽力”。make an effort to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”。 【拓展】有关effort的常用短语： make every effort to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 beyond effort 力所不能及 in a common effort 共同努力 without effort 毫不费力地，轻松地 8、worth的用法 【详解】worth形容词，意为“值得；有… 价值（的）” 9、avoid的用法 【详解】avoid及物动词，意为“避免；逃避”，指在做某事之前有意避开，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 10、without的用法 【详解】without为介词，意为“没有，无”，其反义词为with，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式表示伴随情况或条件，在句中作状语。 11、empty 的用法 【详解】empty此处用作形容词，意为“空的”，在句中可用作表语或定语，其反义词是full（满的）。 【拓展】empty也可用作动词，意为“倒空”；其反义词为fill（装满）。 12、except的用法 【详解】except为介词，意为“除……之外”，其后可接名词、代词、从句等，表示把某人或某物从某一范围内排除出去，即不包含在内。 【辨析】 besides/ except/ except for 考点 含义及用法 besides “除了……之外(还有)”,包括 besides后面的内容 except “除了……之外(没有)”，表示一种排除关系，不包括 except后面的内容，前面常与表示整体的肯定词 all, everything, everyone等连用,或者与全部否定词 nothing, nobody等词连用，不用于句首 except for “除⋯⋯之外”，说明整体情况后，对细节加以说明，其后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类，即异类排除，可放句首 Amy is good at dancing besides singing.除唱歌外，艾米还擅长跳舞。 All compositions are well written except yours.(同类排除) 除了你的作文外，其他人的作文都写得很好。 His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.(异类排除) 他的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。 13、suggestion的用法 【详解】suggestion 可数名词，意为“建议”→suggest 动词“意为“向……建议”（后接名词、动词+ing或从句） 四、句型解读 1、In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands.在美国，他们应该握手。 【详解】 （1）be expected to do sth. 意为“（某人）被期望做某事；应该做某事”，此处相当于be supposed to do sth.。 e.g.You’re expected to get good grades this term. 本学期你应该取得好成绩。 （2）expect及物动词，意为“期望；预料；期待”，后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或从句。其结构有： expect to do sth. 期待做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 I expect a letter from my family. 我期待一封家书。 She expects to come back next week. 她预计下个星期回来。 I expect you to do your duty. 我期望你能尽职尽责。 I expect that I’ll be back on Sunday. 我预计星期天回来。 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands . 2、So I just stood there with my hand out.所以我就伸着手站在那里。 【详解】with my hand out 是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语补足语的形式有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或名词，在句中做伴随状语。 介词with的复合结构常见形式有： （1）with+名词+ 现在分词 They started working with the machine running. （2）with+名词+ 过去分词 He is used to sleeping with the window closed. （3）with+名词+ 形容词 She left the house with the windows closed. （4）with+名词（包括名词性短语）/代词 The boy killed two birds with a stone. 3、Later I found out French people are supposed to kiss when they see each other. 后来我发现法国人见面时应该亲吻对方。 【详解】find out意为“查明，找出”，其后一般接that，what，when或how引导的从句，也可以接名词，后跟about则表示“想办法找出”的意思。 e.g.Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离开。 You should find out about the news. 你应当想办法查明那个消息。 【辨析】find out, look for与find （1）find out意为“发现；找出；查明”，多指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相，通过调查找出原因，或发现秘密，找出错误等，通常含有“经过困难曲折”之意。 （2）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。 （3）find意为“找到；发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调“找”的结果。 e.g.We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须查明事情真相。 I can’t find my pen. I'm looking for it everywhere. 我找不到我的钢笔了，我正在到处找。 4、We don’t like to rush around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.我们不喜欢匆匆忙忙的，所以有时如果人们晚一会儿，我们也不介意。 辨析：a little 与a bit ① 两者都作“有点儿，一点儿”讲，都可修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级，都可作主语或宾语。 e.g.He is a little/a bit older than you. 他年龄比你稍大一点儿。 Please give me a little/a bit. 请给我一点儿吧。 ② a little可直接接名词；a bit必须加of后才能接名词。 a little money = a bit of money 一点儿钱 ③ not a little意为“很，非常”，相当于very/very much。 e.g.He is not a little fat. =He is very fat. 他非常胖。 ④ not a bit意为“根本不，一点儿也不”，相当于not at all。 e.g.He is not a bit angry. =He is not angry at all. 他一点儿也不生气。 5、I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。 【详解】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。 【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。 I’ll call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。 Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。 You can watch TV as soon as you finish your homework. 你一完成作业就可以看电视了。 6、I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.我不得不说，我发现记住所有的事情是困难的，但是我正在逐渐习惯这些事情。 【详解】（1）“find it + adj. + to do sth.”意为“发现做某事是……的”。find后接复合宾语，其中it此处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth．，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。 e.g.I find it very interesting to learn English. 我发现学英语很有趣。 I found it hard to work with him. 我发现和他一起工作很难。 （2）get used to相当于be used to，意为“习惯于……”，其中to为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 e.g.She gets/is used to getting up early. 她习惯于早起。 【辨析】 get/ be/ become used to, used to, be used to和 be used for 短语 含义 用法 get/ be/ become used to 习惯于 后接名词、代词、动名词 used to 过去常常 后接动词原形 be used to 被用来做 后接动词原形 be used for 被用于 后接名词、代词或动名词 一、语法概述 be supposed to意为“应该……”，相当于should；be expected to意为“应该……；被期望……”。两者都可用来表示根据规定或传统习惯应该做某事，两者中的to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 二、be supposed to的用法 1.当主语是人时 be supposed to的主语是人时，意为“应该……”，用来表示劝告、建议、责任等。 Eg.We are supposed to share some housework with our parents when we have free time. 我们应在空闲时间帮父母分担些家务活。 2.当主语是事或物时 be supposed to的主语是事或物时，意为“本该；本应”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。 be supposed to与be expected to的用法 Eg.The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off. 这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟了。 3.be supposed to do sth.的否定形式 be supposed to do sth.的否定形式为be not supposed to do sth.意为“不应该做某事”，表示命令或禁止。 Eg.In China, you are not supposed to start eating first if there are old people at the table. 在中国，如果餐桌上有老人，你就不应该先开始吃东西。 【拓展延伸】be supposed to have done表示“本应该做某事（实际上没做）”，相当于should have done。 Eg.He was supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他本应该一小时之前到。 三、be expected to的用法 be expected to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”或“被期望做某事”，其表达的主观性比be supposed to do sth.更强。 Eg.You’re expected to clean the house. （我）希望你把房间打扫一下。 语法专练 √ 1．Animals are our close friends that make us ________ more happily. So we’re supposed ________ them. A．lives; to protect B．live; protect C．live; to protect D．lives; protect 2．We are supposed to shake hands with each other when we meet someone in China. （选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项) A．can B．may C．should D．must 3．—Do you think AI can improve the development of education? —________, but every coin has two sides. A．I’m not sure B．I hope not C．I suppose so D．I don’t think so 4．I expect ________ from my new pen friend in Australia one day. A．to hear B．to hearing C．hear D．hearing 5．Most parents expect their children ______ too much time playing computer games. A．not spend B．don’t spend C．not to spend D．not spending √ √ √ √ It is +adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式（短语）。 Eg.It is hard to solve this problem. 解决这个问题很困难。 【拓展延伸】在该结构中，有时在to do sth.前加上for/of sb.，sb.是动词不定式（短语）的逻辑主语。其用法如下： It is +adj.+to do sth.的用法 形式主语 真正的主语 It is+adj.+ for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是…的） of sb. to do sth.（做某事某人……） adj.描述的是人的性格、品质特征 这类形容词有kind, good, nice, polite等 adj.描述的是事物的特征 这类形容词有difficult, easy, important.dangerous等 语法专练 √ 1．It’s not easy ________ us ________ others because we all have different lifestyles and ideas. A．for; to understand B．of; to understand C．for; understand D．of; understanding 2．—________ important for him ________ a walk after dinner? —Yes. He needs to do more exercise to keep fit. A．Is that; to take B．Is it; to take C．Is that; takes D．Is it; taking 3．It is important for us ________ more in our learning. A．think B．thinking C．to think D．thinks 4．It’s kind _______ you _______ the old. A．of; to help B．of; helping C．for; helping D．for; to help 5．________ is important for us ________ more knowledge. A．It; to learn B．That; to learn C．It.; learning D．That; learning √ √ √ √ $$