专题10 阅读理解（说明文，议论文）-2024-2025学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（沪教版2024）

专题10阅读理解（说明文，议论文） 【真题演练】 Passage 1（23-24·广州海珠区期末试题） Good friends are really important for our happiness. We have fun together, laugh together and they make us smile. They listen to us and help us through difficult times. What makes a good friend A good friend is always there for you, you can be yourself when you’re with them. A good friend is kind, honest and isn’t afraid to tell you the truth. You enjoy spending time together and maybe share some hobbies or interests. What is the International Day of Friendship Friendship is so important that, in 2011, the United Nations decided to make a special day for it! The International Day of Friendship is on 30th July every year. The idea is that friendship between different groups of people, countries and cultures can help us live together more peacefully. ________ The International Day of Friendship is not only on 30th July around the world. Some countries celebrate it on different days. For example, Brazil and Spain celebrate Friendship Day on 20th July, and people celebrate it on the first Sunday in August in India and the USA. The ways to celebrate the International Day of Friendship You can show your friends that you care about them and that you value your friendship. You could make a card or write a note. You could make them a small present or make a cake for them. Whatever you do on this day, it’s a time to have fun and celebrate with friends, and perhaps make some new ones! Happy International Day of Friendship! 31. What can we learn about the International Day of Friendship from this passage? A. It is on 30th July all over the world. B. We should only tell good words to our friends on that day. C. People celebrate it on the same day in the USA and in Spain. D. The first International Day of Friendship was about thirteen years ago. 32. The underlined word “value” in the last paragraph means “think something is ________” . A. fun B. easy C. interesting D. important 33. Which can be the best for “ ________”? A. The importance of good friends B. Friendship Days around the world C. The importance of the International Day of Friendship D. Interesting things about the International Day of Friendship 34. Why does the writer write the passage? A. To introduce friendship. B. To introduce good friends. C. To introduce the International Day of Friendship. D. To introduce the activities on the Friendship Day. Passage 2（24-25·深圳龙岗区期中试题） Plastic is useful. It’s in a lot of things we use every day, from clothes to pens, and bottles to toys. But there’s a problem. Most plastic is not biodegradable (可生物降解的), and a lot of it ends up in the sea. How big is the problem? There are billions of bits of plastic in the world’s sea! Every ocean and every beach has plastic, from large objects to small pieces called microplastics. Tons of plastic go into the sea every year. Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea! How does plastic harm sea animals? Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs. Dead seabirds are found with stomachs full of plastic. Whales, dolphins, and seals are caught by plastic bags or fishing nets. It’s said that millions of ocean animals die each year because of plastic rubbish in the sea around the world. What can we do? Many people and organizations around the world are taking action. In some countries, plastic bags aren’t allowed to use. Scientists are developing new biodegradable plastic. Many communities are trying to use less plastic and recycle more. Kids are playing their part, such as working to make their schools “zero plastic”. Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious, so it’s necessary for us to produce, buy and use fewer plastic products. Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference. 6. What will happen to the world’s oceans by 2050 according to the passage? A. Tons of plastic will enter the ocean. B. There will be more plastic than fish. C. There will be billions of bits of plastic. D. Every ocean and beach will have plastic. 7. Many fish, sea turtles, and birds die because ________ according to the passage. A. they eat plenty of plastic B. they don’t have food to eat C. they are caught by fishermen D. they are caught by plastic bags 8. In Paragraph 5, the writer advises us to ________. A. make the problem more serious B. solve the problem on our own C. buy more plastic products alone D. work together to solve the problem 9. In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A. Travel. B. Science. C. History. D. Sport. 10. How is the text organized? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. Passage 3（24-25·深圳期中试题） What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can generate videos up to a minute long from some key words in seconds. It was built by OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot ChatGPT. The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks (风险). The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes to make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was made by Runway. The videos it produced were short and often frightening. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect. “For example, a person may take a bite out of a cookie, but then the cookie may not have a bite mark,” OpenAI says on its website. What’s more, Sora cannot tell left or right. In a video on the OpenAI website, a man is running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They are afraid that some people may not use AI-generated content in a correct way. Unreal AI-generated information is the biggest risk the world faces. To solve this problem, OpenAI says that it’s also building tools to help users to find out videos made by Sora. 11. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By using a saying. C. By asking questions. D. By giving some facts. 12. What does the underlined word “generate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Appear. B. Produce. C. Support. D. Dig. 13. Who can use Sora now? A. Every artist. B. A chatbot. C. Some experts. D. Any student. 14. Why were people surprised by Sora’s videos? A. Because Sora’s videos were made from ChatGPT. B. Because Sora’s videos were short and frightening. C. Because Sora’s videos were produced in high quality. D. Because Sora’s videos can tell cause and effect. 15. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. There are some problems of Sora model. B. People are worried about Sora model. C. OpenAI helps solve Sora model’s problem. D. The public are waiting to use Sora model. Passage 4（24-25·江苏南京期中试题） Labor education (劳动教育) is very important. It can help us to be good people and every one of us needs it. In our life, we often see different ways of labor education. For example, we often do housework at home and clean classrooms in schools. And these ways have a great influence (影响) on us. Let’s talk about housework at home first. Some people think the students don’t need to do housework. But I don’t think so. In fact, it brings a lot of benefits (好处). Doing housework can help us know the real everyday life and how to live a good everyday life. Cleaning classrooms is usually the labor education at school. Teachers ask us to do that every day. We love to do that because it shows our love to our school and we are part of our school or class. When we do it, we can get more responsibility (责任感) from it. Also, study and doing the labor work are not separate (分离的) from each other in this world. ▲. Study and labor work together can help us to get a good life from the world and help us to be a useful person to the world. In a word, taking labor education can help us to know more about the world, live a good life, have more responsibility and be a useful person. I hope every one of us can take more labor education and make the world great! 1. According to the passage, what is the benefit of doing housework at home? A. It gives students a chance to learn from their parents. B. It builds a bridge between study and labor education. C. It helps students know about the real daily life better. D. It makes students study well both at school and at home. 2. Which of the students’ activities is not about “labor education”? A. Ben: I help my dad wash the car. B. Claire: I join a lot of clubs at school. C. Paul: I often make cakes for my brother. D. Lucy: I always go shopping for grandparents. 3. Which of the following is the best for the “________”? A. Study and labor work both need responsibility. B. We all need the world to teach us more lessons. C. Our world doesn’t need people to do housework. D. Knowledge from books is important to the world. 4. What’s the structure of the passage? （①＝Para 1. ②﹣Para 2. ③＝Para 3. ④＝Para 4. ⑤＝Para 5. ） A. B. C. D. Passage 5（23-24·武汉七年级期末试题） It is not an easy job to be a good parent. I have learned that little kids are like dogs, while teenagers are cats. It’s easy to be a dog owner. You feed it and train it, and it will put its head on your knee gently. Whenever you call it, it will run to you with great warmth. Then around age 13, your lovely little puppy turns into a big old cat. When you ask it to come inside, it looks surprised, wondering why you give such an order. It may turn its nose up at the meal you’ re serving. When you reach out to touch its head, it will stay away from you, as if trying to hide its own secrets. ________. It thinks something in a totally different way. It seems so strange. Maybe it even doesn’t want to go out with its family members. You may think that you have done something wrong, because you are the one who raises it and stays with it all the time. Flooded with guilt (内疚) and fear, you double your efforts (努力) to make your pet under your control, but the result always turns out to be disappointing. Instead of continuing to act like a dog owner, you should learn to behave like a cat owner. Put a dish of food near the door, and let it come to you. But remember that a cat also needs your help and your love. You need to tell it there is a door which is always open for it. One day, your grown-up child will walk into the kitchen, give you a big kiss and say, “Let me get those dishes for you.” 1. What’s the writer’s purpose of the first sentence? A. To give advice to other parents. B. To complain about his experience. C. To begin to share something with other parents. D. To introduce his experience as a dog owner. 2. Which of the following act a teenage boy may probably do? A. Always kiss his mother and say “I love you” to her. B. Keep the diary away from his parents. C. Travel with his family members. D. Do as his parents ask him to do. 3. The underlined word “serving” in paragraph 2 means ________. A. cooking B. buying C. using D. giving 4. Which of the following can be put in ________? A. A dog is not easy to raise. B. The kid now is not a dog any more. C. Cats are smart animals. D. A good parent should also grow up with the kid. 5. The passage is mainly about ________. A. how to be raise dogs and cats B. the best way to bring up children C. what is a good parent D. the changing relationship between children and parents Passage 6（24-25·深圳期中试题） When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 1. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 2. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 3. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around       b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer      e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 4. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 5. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result Passage 6（24-25·深圳期中模拟试题） Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trusteach other. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly. Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. 6. Some friendships don’t last very long because ________. A. too many people want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others D. they don’t know friendship is something important 7. According to the text, honesty is ________. A. something unimportant B. the base（基础）of friendship C. as important as money D. more important than anything else 8. From the text, we know the word “generous” means ________. A. 友好的 B. 善良的 C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的 9. What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph? A. your ideas and feelings B. your hobbies and interests C. your lunch money and clothes D. your clothes and enjoyments 10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text? A. Friends should always speak and act honestly. B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important. C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. Passage 7（2023-24·天河中学期中） Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn better. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is also important. You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits you can develop (养成), asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything, but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird, a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time. 29. Why is the living room not a good place for study? A. Because it is too quiet. B. Because it is too small. C. Because it is too noisy. D. Because it doesn’t have the desk for study. 30. According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A. Clean the desk. B. Put your story books away.; C. Ask questions. D. Develop study habits. 31. Why should we put our targets on the wall? A. To make us happy. B. To make our parents happy. C. To make the wall beautiful. D. To tell us what we are studying for. 32. What docs the underlined word “productive” mean in Chinese? A. 有效的 B. 有趣的 C. 精彩的 D. 愉快的 33. What is the best title for this passage? A. Study in the Bedroom B. Good Study Habits Are Important C. How to Study D. Light Is Important Passage 8（2023-24·海珠区） Thousands of miles from the Earth, in outer space, is a small planet, far from the Sun, behind a much bigger planet. Little green aliens live there. They use torches to see. One day, a young alien, Neila, put the wrong batteries in her torch. Suddenly, there was bright light. It went up into the sky, around the Sun and reached the Earth. The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog. Neila quickly turned the torch off, but the pair were caught by the light. They flew through space and landed near Neila. “ Hello,” said Billy. Neila smiled. “ Wow!” said Billy, “Everything’s made of ice cream!” “The ice cream never melts (融化), and nobody eats it. It’s too cold here,” said Neila. Neila looked sad. “Can you help us?” she said, “We need sunshine to make things grow.” “No problem,” said Billy, “Can you get us home? I have an idea.” “Wait there!” said Neila. She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth. Billy pointed his bedroom mirror between the Sun and Fliptune. The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet. Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there. Now Neila and her friends sit in the sun and enjoy all the free ice cream. 26. What does the underlined phrase “the pair”  refer to in paragraph 4? A. The batteries. B. Billy and his dog. C. Billy and Neila. D. The torch and the batteries. 27. How did Neila help Billy and his dog go back to the Earth? A. By moving the mirror. B. By turning off the torch. C. By pointing the bedroom mirror. D. By putting the wrong batteries in the torch. 28. In what order did the following happen in this passage? a. Neila asked Billy for help. b. Billy and his dog flew to Fliptune. c. Neila helped Billy and his dog back to the Earth. d. Billy moved the mirror every day to warm Fliptune. A. c-a-d-b B. c-a-b-d C. b-a-d-c D. b-a-c-d 29. Which picture best shows the underlined sentence in paragraph 12? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following best describes Billy? A. Clever and kind. B. Brave but forgetful. C. Kind and strong. D. Clever but careless. Passage 9（2023-24·越秀区） When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 46. According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 47. Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A. Animals like eating plastic things. B. Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C. Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D. Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 48. What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A. Sea birds. B. Plastic things. C. Animals. D. Chicks. 49. Which of the following is good for the environment? A. Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B. Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C. Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D. Throw away the single-use plastic. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Plastic, dangerous or useful B. Turn the waste into money C. Buy what you really need D. Different uses of plastic Passage 10（24-25·广州期中试题） When ChatGPT came out last November, Olivia Lipkin, a copywriter (文案写手) in San Francisco, didn’t care too much about it. However, over the next few months, Lipkin found herself with less and less work to do. In April, she lost her job with no explanation. She realized why she had lost her job later when she heard managers talking about how using ChatGPT was cheaper than hiring (雇用) a human writer. Lipkin was not alone. Eric Fein, a 34-year-old man in the U.S. state of Illinois, opened a writing company for ten years. He became jobless last March. All his clients (客户) told him they no longer needed his services because they were turning to ChatGPT. Fein warned them that ChatGPT couldn’t write with his level of creativity. His clients said they understood, but it was far cheaper to use the chatbot (聊天机器人) than to pay him. Experts (专家) think that A. I. systems (人工智能系统) like ChatGPT could make hundreds of millions of people lose their jobs in the future. But for those who write posts and advertisements on the Internet, the effect is already here. They also say that even the best A. I. systems can’t compare with the writing skills of a human. It doesn’t have a personal voice or style. Besides, it often gives the wrong answers. After being replaced by ChatGPT, Fein and Lipkin decided to do a job that A. I. can’t do. “People are looking for the cheapest method, and that’s not a person — it’s a robot.” Lipkin says. 1. Why did Lipkin have less and less work to do? A. Because managers hired a new copywriter. B. Because she was not good at finishing her work. C. Because she used ChatGPT to complete her work. D. Because her managers gave more work to ChatGPT. 2. The writer used the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 to ________. A. list some numbers B. give another example C. answer a question D. express some feelings 3. Fein thought his writing services were better than ChatGPT in terms of (在……方面) ________. A. cost B. creativity C. personal style D. writing skills 4. What does the underline word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Experts. B. Chatbots. C. Clients. D. A. I. systems. 5. This article can probably be found ________. A. in a travel guide B. in a personal diary C. in a science newspaper D. in a sports magazine Passage 11（2023-24·番禺区期末） What will travel be like in 2070? Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time. Here are some amazing predictions (预测) about traveling that might happen in 2070. At the airport You will use “heartbeat passport” at the airport. And passport checks will not be used any more. Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go. Also, it provides more personal information. On the airplane The airplane seat can fit a person’s body shape, size and even temperature. There will be no screens on the airplane. With a futuristic device (未来设备), you can watch many kinds of movies on the airplane right before your eyes. In the hotel 3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. So when you get to the hotel, you won’t need a suitcase any more. During the trip The trip will become interesting and colorful. You can enjoy many kinds of services during the trip. If you want to see what happened in the Ming Dynasty or the first Olympic Games, you can just wear a special headset or glasses. 52. What will travel be like in 2070 according to the passage? A. Smarter and easier. B. More expensive. C. More difficult. D. Cheaper and slower. 53. What will you use at the airport to tell who you are? A. Heartbeat passport. B. Personal information. C. Personal body shape. D. 3-D print technology. 54. What can 3-D print technology do? A. It can help us to check passports. B. It can provide many kinds of movies. C. It can take us to see the first Olympic Games. D. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. 55. What is the best title of the passage? A. Heartbeat Passport B. A Futuristic Device C. 3-D Print Technology D. Travel in 2070 Passage 12（23-24·深圳福田区期末试题） Computer games can sometimes be very helpful to scientists! A team of scientists in Australia played Age of Empires, a war game, to study ants. They tried to find ways to help local ants live better. Argentinian ants are an invasive species (入侵物种) in Australia. When they meet with local meat ants, the two ant types fight. And usually, Argentinian ants win. This is dangerous. When local ants die and the invasive animals grow in number, the newcomers may eat a lot of plants and harm the local environment. Scientists want to help local ants win. They build two characters (角色) in the game: Knights as the meat ants that are bigger in size but smaller in number, and Swordsmen as the Argentinian ants that are smaller in size but bigger in number. When the game starts, the characters start fighting with each other just like the two kinds of ants do in real time. After a few rounds of fighting, 9 Knights lost to 50 Swordsmen on the flat ground. But the same team of Knights beat 70 Swordsmen in an uphill (上坡的) environment. It showed that the local meat ants could do better in complex (复杂的) environments. The scientists also did tests with real ants. It turned out the same. The scientists suggest that cities can add more lower plants under trees. This way, there will be more complex environment, and the meat ants may win the “wars” against invasive ants. 21. Why do scientists want the local ants to win? A. To have fewer local ants. B. To protect the local environment. C. To help local ants become more invasive. D. To stop Argentinian ants eating meat in Australia. 22. What do we know about the Knights in the game? A. They are the newcomers. B. Scientists want them to lose. C. They are smaller than Swordsmen. D. There are fewer of them in a fight. 23. What is the difference between the two rounds of the game? A. The game characters. B. The number of Knights. C. The fighting environment. D. The size of Swordsmen. 24. Which of following is TRUE according to the passage? A. More lower plants can help meat ants win a fight. B. Scientists put real ants in the game Age of Empires. C. Wars between the two kinds of ants may hurt plants. D. Meat ants can live with the Argentinian ants peacefully. 25. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To ask people to protect the local meat ants. B. To call on readers to kill Argentinian ants. C. To show readers that computer games are very useful. D. To tell how scientists used a computer game to study ants. Passage 13（23-24·区期末试题） What will travel be like in 2070? Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time. Here are some amazing predictions (预测) about traveling that might happen in 2070. At the airport You will use “heartbeat passport” at the airport. And passport checks will not be used any more. Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go. Also, it provides more personal information. On the airplane The airplane seat can fit a person’s body shape, size and even temperature. There will be no screens on the airplane. With a futuristic device (未来设备), you can watch many kinds of movies on the airplane right before your eyes. In the hotel 3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. So when you get to the hotel, you won’t need a suitcase any more. During the trip The trip will become interesting and colorful. You can enjoy many kinds of services during the trip. If you want to see what happened in the Ming Dynasty or the first Olympic Games, you can just wear a special headset or glasses. 52. What will travel be like in 2070 according to the passage? A. Smarter and easier. B. More expensive. C. More difficult. D. Cheaper and slower. 53. What will you use at the airport to tell who you are? A. Heartbeat passport. B. Personal information. C. Personal body shape. D. 3-D print technology. 54. What can 3-D print technology do? A. It can help us to check passports. B. It can provide many kinds of movies. C. It can take us to see the first Olympic Games. D. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. 55. What is the best title of the passage? A. Heartbeat Passport B. A Futuristic Device C. 3-D Print Technology D. Travel in 2070 Passage 14（23-24·广州越秀区期末试题） When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 46. According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 47. Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A. Animals like eating plastic things. B. Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C. Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D. Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 48. What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A. Sea birds. B. Plastic things. C. Animals. D. Chicks. 49. Which of the following is good for the environment? A. Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B. Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C. Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D. Throw away the single-use plastic. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Plastic, dangerous or useful B. Turn the waste into money C. Buy what you really need D. Different uses of plastic Passage 15（23-24·广州期末试题） Nowadays, we have kinds of technologies to protect us from different disasters（灾难）. We even know where and when some disasters, like the typhoon, come. While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters. The drone（无人机）is one of them. It can be used to send food, water and other important things when a natural disaster happens. Very often the buildings are too dangerous for rescue teams to get in. They can make the drone fly into the buildings to search for those who are still alive first. Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters. With its help, people can know about the natural disasters before they hit. And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status. Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas. Besides, many social media platforms allow people to donate money to help people in disaster areas. The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming（直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021. Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster, we still need to prepare necessary tools and learn important skills to protect ourselves. 1. If people know others “status”, they know ________. A. what they are like B. what they are doing C. if they are at home D. how they are going 2. The writer mentions livestreaming to show ________. A. social media can provide up-to-the-minute news B. social media can help raise money after a disaster C. people can know about coming disasters on social media D. people can tell others they are safe through social media 3. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. tell readers what to do when disasters come B. advise readers to use social media more often C. tell readers how some technologies help in disasters D. ask readers to learn necessary skills for natural disasters 4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10阅读理解（说明文，议论文） 【真题演练】 Passage 1（23-24·广州海珠区期末试题） Good friends are really important for our happiness. We have fun together, laugh together and they make us smile. They listen to us and help us through difficult times. What makes a good friend A good friend is always there for you, you can be yourself when you’re with them. A good friend is kind, honest and isn’t afraid to tell you the truth. You enjoy spending time together and maybe share some hobbies or interests. What is the International Day of Friendship Friendship is so important that, in 2011, the United Nations decided to make a special day for it! The International Day of Friendship is on 30th July every year. The idea is that friendship between different groups of people, countries and cultures can help us live together more peacefully. ________ The International Day of Friendship is not only on 30th July around the world. Some countries celebrate it on different days. For example, Brazil and Spain celebrate Friendship Day on 20th July, and people celebrate it on the first Sunday in August in India and the USA. The ways to celebrate the International Day of Friendship You can show your friends that you care about them and that you value your friendship. You could make a card or write a note. You could make them a small present or make a cake for them. Whatever you do on this day, it’s a time to have fun and celebrate with friends, and perhaps make some new ones! Happy International Day of Friendship! 31. What can we learn about the International Day of Friendship from this passage? A. It is on 30th July all over the world. B. We should only tell good words to our friends on that day. C. People celebrate it on the same day in the USA and in Spain. D. The first International Day of Friendship was about thirteen years ago. 32. The underlined word “value” in the last paragraph means “think something is ________” . A. fun B. easy C. interesting D. important 33. Which can be the best for “ ________”? A. The importance of good friends B. Friendship Days around the world C. The importance of the International Day of Friendship D. Interesting things about the International Day of Friendship 34. Why does the writer write the passage? A. To introduce friendship. B. To introduce good friends. C. To introduce the International Day of Friendship. D. To introduce the activities on the Friendship Day. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了朋友的重要性，国际友谊日的由来以及不同国家庆祝友谊日的时间和庆祝方式。 31. 细节理解题。根据“Friendship is so important that, in 2011, the United Nations decided to make a special day for it!”可知，国际友谊日是2011年设立的，距今已有13年了。故选D。 32. 词句猜测题。根据“You can show your friends that you care about them”可知，你可以向你的朋友表示关心，由此可猜测是向朋友们表达对他们的重视。故选D。 33. 推理判断题。根据“The International Day of Friendship is not only on 30th July around the world.”可知，国际友谊日是一个全球性的节日，B项“全世界的友谊日”符合该段语境。故选B。 34. 主旨大意题。根据“Friendship is so important that, in 2011, the United Nations decided to make a special day for it!”和“Happy International Day of Friendship!”可知，本文主要介绍的是“国际友谊日”这个节日。故选C。 Passage 2（24-25·深圳龙岗区期中试题） Plastic is useful. It’s in a lot of things we use every day, from clothes to pens, and bottles to toys. But there’s a problem. Most plastic is not biodegradable (可生物降解的), and a lot of it ends up in the sea. How big is the problem? There are billions of bits of plastic in the world’s sea! Every ocean and every beach has plastic, from large objects to small pieces called microplastics. Tons of plastic go into the sea every year. Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea! How does plastic harm sea animals? Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs. Dead seabirds are found with stomachs full of plastic. Whales, dolphins, and seals are caught by plastic bags or fishing nets. It’s said that millions of ocean animals die each year because of plastic rubbish in the sea around the world. What can we do? Many people and organizations around the world are taking action. In some countries, plastic bags aren’t allowed to use. Scientists are developing new biodegradable plastic. Many communities are trying to use less plastic and recycle more. Kids are playing their part, such as working to make their schools “zero plastic”. Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious, so it’s necessary for us to produce, buy and use fewer plastic products. Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference. 6. What will happen to the world’s oceans by 2050 according to the passage? A. Tons of plastic will enter the ocean. B. There will be more plastic than fish. C. There will be billions of bits of plastic. D. Every ocean and beach will have plastic. 7. Many fish, sea turtles, and birds die because ________ according to the passage. A. they eat plenty of plastic B. they don’t have food to eat C. they are caught by fishermen D. they are caught by plastic bags 8. In Paragraph 5, the writer advises us to ________. A. make the problem more serious B. solve the problem on our own C. buy more plastic products alone D. work together to solve the problem 9. In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A. Travel. B. Science. C. History. D. Sport. 10. How is the text organized? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么。 6. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea!”可知，如果继续这样增长下去，到2050年海洋里的塑料将比鱼还多。故选B。 7. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs.”可知，鱼、海龟和鸟认为塑料是食物，就把塑料吃了，结果塑料留在它们的胃里，导致了它们的死亡。故选A。 8. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference.”可知，一个人不能独自解决这个问题，但只要我们齐心协力就能有所作为。故选D。 9. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么，因此文章可能选自报纸的“科学”部分，故选B。 10. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文是“总—分—总”结构。第一段引出塑料污染这一话题；第二段至第四段分别介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么；第五段总结全文，号召大家齐心协力解决塑料污染问题。因此选项B与之相符，故选B。 Passage 3（24-25·深圳期中试题） What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can generate videos up to a minute long from some key words in seconds. It was built by OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot ChatGPT. The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks (风险). The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes to make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was made by Runway. The videos it produced were short and often frightening. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect. “For example, a person may take a bite out of a cookie, but then the cookie may not have a bite mark,” OpenAI says on its website. What’s more, Sora cannot tell left or right. In a video on the OpenAI website, a man is running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They are afraid that some people may not use AI-generated content in a correct way. Unreal AI-generated information is the biggest risk the world faces. To solve this problem, OpenAI says that it’s also building tools to help users to find out videos made by Sora. 11. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By using a saying. C. By asking questions. D. By giving some facts. 12. What does the underlined word “generate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Appear. B. Produce. C. Support. D. Dig. 13. Who can use Sora now? A. Every artist. B. A chatbot. C. Some experts. D. Any student. 14. Why were people surprised by Sora’s videos? A. Because Sora’s videos were made from ChatGPT. B. Because Sora’s videos were short and frightening. C. Because Sora’s videos were produced in high quality. D. Because Sora’s videos can tell cause and effect. 15. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. There are some problems of Sora model. B. People are worried about Sora model. C. OpenAI helps solve Sora model’s problem. D. The public are waiting to use Sora model. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了OpenAI公司最新开发的AI模型Sora，它能根据关键词在几秒钟内生成长达一分钟的短视频。目前Sora还未对公众开放，正在接受专家的风险测试和小部分艺术家的试用，以改进其功能。文章提到，Sora的视频质量令人惊喜，但仍有缺陷，比如不理解因果关系和左右方向，同时也存在AI生成内容被不当使用的担忧。OpenAI表示正在开发工具以帮助用户识别由Sora生成的视频。 11. 细节理解题。根据第一段“What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players?”可知，通过问题引入主题。故选C。 12. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“a minute long from some key words in seconds.”结合选项可知，应说最新的人工智能模型可以在几秒钟内从一些关键词生成长达一分钟的视频。所以“generate”意为“生成”与“Produce”意思相符。故选B。 13. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks. The model is also open to a small group of artists.”可知，一些专家可以使用Sora。故选C。 14. 细节理解题。根据第四段“So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos.”可知，因为Sora的视频制作质量很高。故选C。 15. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect.”可知，最后一段说的是Sora模型存在一些问题。故选A。 Passage 4（24-25·江苏南京期中试题） Labor education (劳动教育) is very important. It can help us to be good people and every one of us needs it. In our life, we often see different ways of labor education. For example, we often do housework at home and clean classrooms in schools. And these ways have a great influence (影响) on us. Let’s talk about housework at home first. Some people think the students don’t need to do housework. But I don’t think so. In fact, it brings a lot of benefits (好处). Doing housework can help us know the real everyday life and how to live a good everyday life. Cleaning classrooms is usually the labor education at school. Teachers ask us to do that every day. We love to do that because it shows our love to our school and we are part of our school or class. When we do it, we can get more responsibility (责任感) from it. Also, study and doing the labor work are not separate (分离的) from each other in this world. ▲. Study and labor work together can help us to get a good life from the world and help us to be a useful person to the world. In a word, taking labor education can help us to know more about the world, live a good life, have more responsibility and be a useful person. I hope every one of us can take more labor education and make the world great! 1. According to the passage, what is the benefit of doing housework at home? A. It gives students a chance to learn from their parents. B. It builds a bridge between study and labor education. C. It helps students know about the real daily life better. D. It makes students study well both at school and at home. 2. Which of the students’ activities is not about “labor education”? A. Ben: I help my dad wash the car. B. Claire: I join a lot of clubs at school. C. Paul: I often make cakes for my brother. D. Lucy: I always go shopping for grandparents. 3. Which of the following is the best for the “________”? A. Study and labor work both need responsibility. B. We all need the world to teach us more lessons. C. Our world doesn’t need people to do housework. D. Knowledge from books is important to the world. 4. What’s the structure of the passage? （①＝Para 1. ②﹣Para 2. ③＝Para 3. ④＝Para 4. ⑤＝Para 5. ） A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 【解析】本文主要讲述了劳动教育的重要性，指出它有助于我们成为更好的人，并强调每个人都需要接受劳动教育。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Doing housework can help us know the real everyday life and how to live a good everyday life.”可知，在家做家务的好处是它帮助学生更好地了解真实的日常生活，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“In our life, we often see different ways of labor education. For example, we often do housework at home and clean classrooms in schools.”可知，在我们的生活中，我们经常看到不同的劳动教育方式。例如，我们经常在家做家务，在学校打扫教室。B选项“Claire: 我在学校参加了很多俱乐部”是文体活动，而不是关于“劳动教育”的，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Also, study and doing the labor work are not separate (分离的) from each other in this world. ”可知，学习和劳动并不是分开的。可推断出，此处应说明学习和劳动的共同点，A项“学习和劳动都需要责任。”最适合，故选A。 4. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，根据第一段总述劳动教育的重要性；第二、三和四段分别从几个方面讲述劳动教育的重要性；第五段进行总结。故选B。 Passage 5（23-24·武汉七年级期末试题） It is not an easy job to be a good parent. I have learned that little kids are like dogs, while teenagers are cats. It’s easy to be a dog owner. You feed it and train it, and it will put its head on your knee gently. Whenever you call it, it will run to you with great warmth. Then around age 13, your lovely little puppy turns into a big old cat. When you ask it to come inside, it looks surprised, wondering why you give such an order. It may turn its nose up at the meal you’ re serving. When you reach out to touch its head, it will stay away from you, as if trying to hide its own secrets. ________. It thinks something in a totally different way. It seems so strange. Maybe it even doesn’t want to go out with its family members. You may think that you have done something wrong, because you are the one who raises it and stays with it all the time. Flooded with guilt (内疚) and fear, you double your efforts (努力) to make your pet under your control, but the result always turns out to be disappointing. Instead of continuing to act like a dog owner, you should learn to behave like a cat owner. Put a dish of food near the door, and let it come to you. But remember that a cat also needs your help and your love. You need to tell it there is a door which is always open for it. One day, your grown-up child will walk into the kitchen, give you a big kiss and say, “Let me get those dishes for you.” 1. What’s the writer’s purpose of the first sentence? A. To give advice to other parents. B. To complain about his experience. C. To begin to share something with other parents. D. To introduce his experience as a dog owner. 2. Which of the following act a teenage boy may probably do? A. Always kiss his mother and say “I love you” to her. B. Keep the diary away from his parents. C. Travel with his family members. D. Do as his parents ask him to do. 3. The underlined word “serving” in paragraph 2 means ________. A. cooking B. buying C. using D. giving 4. Which of the following can be put in ________? A. A dog is not easy to raise. B. The kid now is not a dog any more. C. Cats are smart animals. D. A good parent should also grow up with the kid. 5. The passage is mainly about ________. A. how to be raise dogs and cats B. the best way to bring up children C. what is a good parent D. the changing relationship between children and parents 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. D 【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章指出做好父母不易，将小孩比作狗、青少年比作猫，强调面对青少年应调整教养方式，像对待猫一样给予空间和爱。 1. 推理判断题。根据“It is not an easy job to be a good parent. I have learned that little kids are like dogs, while teenagers are cats...”可知，作者写第一句话的目的是引出本文的主题，与读者分享自己的观点。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“Then around age 13...When you reach out to touch its head, it will stay away from you, as if trying to hide its own secrets.”可推知，十几岁的孩子会试图隐藏自己的秘密，可能会把日记放在远离父母的地方。故选B。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“Then around age 13, your lovely little puppy turns into a big old cat...It may turn its nose up at the meal you’ re serving.”可推知，此处将青少年比喻成小猫，应是对家长端来的饭不屑，serving“提供”应与giving“给”意思相近。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据“It thinks something in a totally different way.”可知，此处指出了小狗和小猫的不同之处，设空处应指十几岁的孩子已经不再是小狗，开始变为小猫，B项“现在的孩子已经不是小狗了”符合语境。故选B。 5. 主旨大意题。根据“It is not an easy job to be a good parent. I have learned that little kids are like dogs, while teenagers are cats.”以及全文可知，小孩子和青少年有不同的特征，父母应调整教养方式，子女与父母之间的关系应是不断变化的。故选D。 Passage 6（24-25·深圳期中试题） When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 1. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 2. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 3. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around       b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer      e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 4. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 5. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了阿尔伯特. 爱因斯坦在16岁时，想象自己沿着一束光线骑行的故事，并将这个想象用于他的相对论理论的推导中。文章强调了想象力的重要性，认为它比知识更重要。 1. 篇章结构题。文章第一段由爱因斯坦将想象力用于他的相对论理论的推导中引入话题，然后第二段具体阐述了做白日梦的具体含义及意义，并由此引出接下来三段内容具体的做法。结构符合选项B所示。故选B。 2. 段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍了什么是白日梦及其意义。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据文中“It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas...”可知，它可以让人们自由地思考；根据“Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer.”可知，它可以让人们感到更镇定；根据“It means thinking ahead...”可知，它可以让人提前思考。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据下文“For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face.”可知，前面应该说的是白日梦可以帮助人们带走忧愁和烦恼。故选C。 5. 细节理解题。根据“So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world.”可知，这里想说的是通过白日梦来让大脑得到片刻的放松。故选A。 Passage 6（24-25·深圳期中模拟试题） Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trusteach other. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly. Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. 6. Some friendships don’t last very long because ________. A. too many people want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others D. they don’t know friendship is something important 7. According to the text, honesty is ________. A. something unimportant B. the base（基础）of friendship C. as important as money D. more important than anything else 8. From the text, we know the word “generous” means ________. A. 友好的 B. 善良的 C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的 9. What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph? A. your ideas and feelings B. your hobbies and interests C. your lunch money and clothes D. your clothes and enjoyments 10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text? A. Friends should always speak and act honestly. B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important. C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. 【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】本文介绍了做一个好朋友所要学会的三个原则是诚实、慷慨、理解。 6. 细节理解题。根据“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last（持续）very long.”（太多的人希望别人成为他们的朋友，他们不会回报友谊。这就是为什么有些友谊不会持续很长时间。）可知，有些友谊不会持续很长时间，因为有些人得到友谊，但不回报友谊。故选B。 7. 细节理解题。根据“Honesty helps start a good friendship.”（诚实有助于建立良好的友谊。）可知，诚实是最重要的友谊的基础。故选B。 8. 词义猜测题。根据“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.” 可知，划线单词“generous”与分享有关，意思是“大方的、慷慨的”，故选C。 9. 推理判断题。根据前文“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”（你自然会想分享你的想法和感受。）可知，”them”这个词指的是“你的想法和感受”，故选A。 10. 推理判断题。根据“You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes,or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests.”可知，C选项“A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.”（给你午餐钱的朋友才是真正的朋友。）描述与原文不符，故此处C选项是不正确的，故选C。 Passage 7（2023-24·天河中学期中） Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn better. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is also important. You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits you can develop (养成), asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything, but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird, a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time. 29. Why is the living room not a good place for study? A. Because it is too quiet. B. Because it is too small. C. Because it is too noisy. D. Because it doesn’t have the desk for study. 30. According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A. Clean the desk. B. Put your story books away.; C. Ask questions. D. Develop study habits. 31. Why should we put our targets on the wall? A. To make us happy. B. To make our parents happy. C. To make the wall beautiful. D. To tell us what we are studying for. 32. What docs the underlined word “productive” mean in Chinese? A. 有效的 B. 有趣的 C. 精彩的 D. 愉快的 33. What is the best title for this passage? A. Study in the Bedroom B. Good Study Habits Are Important C. How to Study D. Light Is Important 【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 【解析】本文主要讲述了好的学习习惯的重要性，详细地介绍了如何更好的培养良好的学习习惯。 29. 细节理解题。根据“Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy.”可知，客厅不是一个学习的好地方，因为它通常太吵了。故选C。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk.”可知，在你开始学习之前，不要忘记打扫你的桌子。故选A。 31. 推理判断题。根据“One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day.”可知，把你的目标贴在你床边或书桌旁边的墙上，这意味着你每天都会看到并思考它。所以是为了提醒自己是为什么而学习，故选D。 32. 词句猜测题。根据“Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time.”由计划在这个时候学习，可猜测出前句应是：找到你最有成效的学习时间。故下划线单词的意思应是“有成效的”，故选A。 33. 最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其根据“Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster.”可知，文章的最佳标题应是“良好的学习习惯”。故选B。 Passage 8（2023-24·海珠区） Thousands of miles from the Earth, in outer space, is a small planet, far from the Sun, behind a much bigger planet. Little green aliens live there. They use torches to see. One day, a young alien, Neila, put the wrong batteries in her torch. Suddenly, there was bright light. It went up into the sky, around the Sun and reached the Earth. The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog. Neila quickly turned the torch off, but the pair were caught by the light. They flew through space and landed near Neila. “ Hello,” said Billy. Neila smiled. “ Wow!” said Billy, “Everything’s made of ice cream!” “The ice cream never melts (融化), and nobody eats it. It’s too cold here,” said Neila. Neila looked sad. “Can you help us?” she said, “We need sunshine to make things grow.” “No problem,” said Billy, “Can you get us home? I have an idea.” “Wait there!” said Neila. She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth. Billy pointed his bedroom mirror between the Sun and Fliptune. The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet. Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there. Now Neila and her friends sit in the sun and enjoy all the free ice cream. 26. What does the underlined phrase “the pair”  refer to in paragraph 4? A. The batteries. B. Billy and his dog. C. Billy and Neila. D. The torch and the batteries. 27. How did Neila help Billy and his dog go back to the Earth? A. By moving the mirror. B. By turning off the torch. C. By pointing the bedroom mirror. D. By putting the wrong batteries in the torch. 28. In what order did the following happen in this passage? a. Neila asked Billy for help. b. Billy and his dog flew to Fliptune. c. Neila helped Billy and his dog back to the Earth. d. Billy moved the mirror every day to warm Fliptune. A. c-a-d-b B. c-a-b-d C. b-a-d-c D. b-a-c-d 29. Which picture best shows the underlined sentence in paragraph 12? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following best describes Billy? A. Clever and kind. B. Brave but forgetful. C. Kind and strong. D. Clever but careless. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了聪明善良的Billy用镜子将阳光反射到Fliptune星球上，让那里不再寒冷的事情。 26. 词义猜测题。根据“The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog...but the pair were caught by the light.”可知，灯光打在了Billy和他的狗身上，所以“the pair”指代Billy和他的狗。故选B。 27. 细节理解题。根据“She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth.”可知，Neila将错误的电池装进手电筒后，Billy和他的狗飞回了地球。故选D。 28. 细节理解题。根据“They flew through space and landed near Neila.”、“Neila looked sad. ‘Can you help us?’”、“She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth.”和“Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there.”可知，文章中事情发展的先后顺序是：Billy和他的狗飞往Fliptune→Neila向Billy求助→Neila帮助Billy和他的狗返回地球→Billy每天移动镜子来温暖Fliptune，题干中对应的顺序为b-a-c-d。故选D。 29. 细节理解题。根据“The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet.”可知，太阳光先照射到镜子上，然后反射到Fliptune上。故选A。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there.”可知，多亏了Billy每天移动镜子来反射太阳光，Fliptune星球不再寒冷了，所以Billy既聪明又善良。故选A。 Passage 9（2023-24·越秀区） When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 46. According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 47. Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A. Animals like eating plastic things. B. Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C. Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D. Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 48. What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A. Sea birds. B. Plastic things. C. Animals. D. Chicks. 49. Which of the following is good for the environment? A. Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B. Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C. Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D. Throw away the single-use plastic. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Plastic, dangerous or useful B. Turn the waste into money C. Buy what you really need D. Different uses of plastic 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. A 【解析】本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。减少使用塑料，停止使用一次性塑料、用其他材料替代塑料、回收利用塑料。 46. 细节理解题。根据“It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness.”可知，①②③均有提及，故选A。 47. 细节理解题。根据“Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems.”可知，塑料很难分解，其中有毒的东西会污染水和土壤，造成环境问题。故选B。 48. 推理判断题。根据“Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them.”可知，此处“them”指的是“little plastic things”，故选B。 49. 细节理解题。根据“Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil.”可知，可以用竹子取代塑料，故选C。 50. 最佳标题题。根据“When people started using plastic...But we find something bad after over-using it.”及全文可知，本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。所以A选项“塑料，危险还是有用”最符合，故选A。 Passage 10（24-25·广州期中试题） When ChatGPT came out last November, Olivia Lipkin, a copywriter (文案写手) in San Francisco, didn’t care too much about it. However, over the next few months, Lipkin found herself with less and less work to do. In April, she lost her job with no explanation. She realized why she had lost her job later when she heard managers talking about how using ChatGPT was cheaper than hiring (雇用) a human writer. Lipkin was not alone. Eric Fein, a 34-year-old man in the U.S. state of Illinois, opened a writing company for ten years. He became jobless last March. All his clients (客户) told him they no longer needed his services because they were turning to ChatGPT. Fein warned them that ChatGPT couldn’t write with his level of creativity. His clients said they understood, but it was far cheaper to use the chatbot (聊天机器人) than to pay him. Experts (专家) think that A. I. systems (人工智能系统) like ChatGPT could make hundreds of millions of people lose their jobs in the future. But for those who write posts and advertisements on the Internet, the effect is already here. They also say that even the best A. I. systems can’t compare with the writing skills of a human. It doesn’t have a personal voice or style. Besides, it often gives the wrong answers. After being replaced by ChatGPT, Fein and Lipkin decided to do a job that A. I. can’t do. “People are looking for the cheapest method, and that’s not a person — it’s a robot.” Lipkin says. 1. Why did Lipkin have less and less work to do? A. Because managers hired a new copywriter. B. Because she was not good at finishing her work. C. Because she used ChatGPT to complete her work. D. Because her managers gave more work to ChatGPT. 2. The writer used the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 to ________. A. list some numbers B. give another example C. answer a question D. express some feelings 3. Fein thought his writing services were better than ChatGPT in terms of (在……方面) ________. A. cost B. creativity C. personal style D. writing skills 4. What does the underline word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Experts. B. Chatbots. C. Clients. D. A. I. systems. 5. This article can probably be found ________. A. in a travel guide B. in a personal diary C. in a science newspaper D. in a sports magazine 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的AI系统将来可能会取代数亿个工作岗位，但它们不能取代所有工作。 1. 细节理解题。根据“She realized why she had lost her job later when she heard managers talking about how using ChatGPT was cheaper than hiring (雇用) a human writer.”可知经理们觉得使用ChatGPT比雇佣一个人类作家更便宜，所以利普金要做的工作越来越少，是因为她的经理把更多的工作交给了ChatGPT。故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据“Eric Fein, a 34-year-old man in the U.S. state of Illinois, opened a writing company for ten years. He became jobless last March.”可知34岁的埃里克·费恩开了一家写作公司，已经10年了。他去年三月失业了。这是再举另外一个关于失业的例子。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Fein warned them that ChatGPT couldn’t write with his level of creativity.”可知费恩认为他的写作服务在创造力方面要优于ChatGPT。故选B。 4. 词义猜测题。根据“Experts (专家) think that A.I. systems (人工智能系统) like ChatGPT could make hundreds of millions of people lose their jobs in the future. But for those who write posts and advertisements on the Internet, the effect is already here. They also say that even the best A.I. systems can’t compare with the writing skills of a human.”可知专家认为，像ChatGPT这样的人工智能系统未来可能会让数亿人失去工作。但对于那些在互联网上写帖子和广告的人来说，影响已经在这里了。他们还表示，即使是最好的人工智能系统也无法与人类的写作技巧相提并论。所以“They”指专家，故选A。 5. 推理判断题。联系上下文可知本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的AI系统将来可能会取代数亿个工作岗位，将来可能会让很多的人失业，可推断出这篇文章大概可以在科学报纸上找到。故选C。 Passage 11（2023-24·番禺区期末） What will travel be like in 2070? Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time. Here are some amazing predictions (预测) about traveling that might happen in 2070. At the airport You will use “heartbeat passport” at the airport. And passport checks will not be used any more. Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go. Also, it provides more personal information. On the airplane The airplane seat can fit a person’s body shape, size and even temperature. There will be no screens on the airplane. With a futuristic device (未来设备), you can watch many kinds of movies on the airplane right before your eyes. In the hotel 3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. So when you get to the hotel, you won’t need a suitcase any more. During the trip The trip will become interesting and colorful. You can enjoy many kinds of services during the trip. If you want to see what happened in the Ming Dynasty or the first Olympic Games, you can just wear a special headset or glasses. 52. What will travel be like in 2070 according to the passage? A. Smarter and easier. B. More expensive. C. More difficult. D. Cheaper and slower. 53. What will you use at the airport to tell who you are? A. Heartbeat passport. B. Personal information. C. Personal body shape. D. 3-D print technology. 54. What can 3-D print technology do? A. It can help us to check passports. B. It can provide many kinds of movies. C. It can take us to see the first Olympic Games. D. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. 55. What is the best title of the passage? A. Heartbeat Passport B. A Futuristic Device C. 3-D Print Technology D. Travel in 2070 【答案】52. A 53. A 54. D 55. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2070年的旅行可能会变得更智能和更容易。 52. 细节理解题。根据原文“Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time”可知，到了2070年，旅行会变得更智能、更容易。故选A。 53. 细节理解题。根据原文“Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go”可知，心跳可在机场用来表明自己的身份。故选A。 54. 细节理解题。根据原文“3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food”可知，3d打印技术几乎可以打印任何东西，比如衣服和食物。故选D。 55. 最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2070年的旅行可能会变得更智能和更容易。故选D。 Passage 12（23-24·深圳福田区期末试题） Computer games can sometimes be very helpful to scientists! A team of scientists in Australia played Age of Empires, a war game, to study ants. They tried to find ways to help local ants live better. Argentinian ants are an invasive species (入侵物种) in Australia. When they meet with local meat ants, the two ant types fight. And usually, Argentinian ants win. This is dangerous. When local ants die and the invasive animals grow in number, the newcomers may eat a lot of plants and harm the local environment. Scientists want to help local ants win. They build two characters (角色) in the game: Knights as the meat ants that are bigger in size but smaller in number, and Swordsmen as the Argentinian ants that are smaller in size but bigger in number. When the game starts, the characters start fighting with each other just like the two kinds of ants do in real time. After a few rounds of fighting, 9 Knights lost to 50 Swordsmen on the flat ground. But the same team of Knights beat 70 Swordsmen in an uphill (上坡的) environment. It showed that the local meat ants could do better in complex (复杂的) environments. The scientists also did tests with real ants. It turned out the same. The scientists suggest that cities can add more lower plants under trees. This way, there will be more complex environment, and the meat ants may win the “wars” against invasive ants. 21. Why do scientists want the local ants to win? A. To have fewer local ants. B. To protect the local environment. C. To help local ants become more invasive. D. To stop Argentinian ants eating meat in Australia. 22. What do we know about the Knights in the game? A. They are the newcomers. B. Scientists want them to lose. C. They are smaller than Swordsmen. D. There are fewer of them in a fight. 23. What is the difference between the two rounds of the game? A. The game characters. B. The number of Knights. C. The fighting environment. D. The size of Swordsmen. 24. Which of following is TRUE according to the passage? A. More lower plants can help meat ants win a fight. B. Scientists put real ants in the game Age of Empires. C. Wars between the two kinds of ants may hurt plants. D. Meat ants can live with the Argentinian ants peacefully. 25. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To ask people to protect the local meat ants. B. To call on readers to kill Argentinian ants. C. To show readers that computer games are very useful. D. To tell how scientists used a computer game to study ants. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们利用电脑游戏模拟当地食肉蚁与外来的阿根廷蚁的交战，并发现了帮助当地食肉蚁作战的有利因素。 21. 细节理解题。根据“This is dangerous. When local ants die and the invasive animals grow in number, the newcomers may eat a lot of plants and harm the local environment”可知，当当地蚂蚁死亡，入侵动物数量增加时，新来者可能会吃掉大量植物，破坏当地环境。故科学家们想要当地蚂蚁胜利是因为要保护当地环境。故选B。 22. 细节理解题。根据“Knights as the meat ants that are bigger in size but smaller in number”可知，骑士是体型较大但数量较少的食肉蚁。故选D。 23. 细节理解题。根据“After a few rounds of fighting, 9 Knights lost to 50 Swordsmen on the flat ground. But the same team of Knights beat 70 Swordsmen in an uphill (上坡的) environment”可知，经过几轮较量，9名骑士在平地上输给了50名剑客。但是同一支骑士队在一个上坡的环境中击败了70名剑客，故可知，是战斗环境不一样。故选C。 24. 细节理解题。根据“It showed that the local meat ants could do better in complex (复杂的) environments”和“The scientists suggest that cities can add more lower plants under trees. This way, there will be more complex environment, and the meat ants may win the ‘wars’ against invasive ants”可知，更多的低等植物可以帮助食肉蚁赢得战斗。故选A。 25. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了科学家们利用电脑游戏模拟当地食肉蚁与外来的阿根廷蚁的交战，并发现了帮助当地食肉蚁作战的有利因素。故本文是为了讲述科学家如何使用电脑游戏来研究蚂蚁。故选D。 Passage 13（23-24·区期末试题） What will travel be like in 2070? Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time. Here are some amazing predictions (预测) about traveling that might happen in 2070. At the airport You will use “heartbeat passport” at the airport. And passport checks will not be used any more. Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go. Also, it provides more personal information. On the airplane The airplane seat can fit a person’s body shape, size and even temperature. There will be no screens on the airplane. With a futuristic device (未来设备), you can watch many kinds of movies on the airplane right before your eyes. In the hotel 3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. So when you get to the hotel, you won’t need a suitcase any more. During the trip The trip will become interesting and colorful. You can enjoy many kinds of services during the trip. If you want to see what happened in the Ming Dynasty or the first Olympic Games, you can just wear a special headset or glasses. 52. What will travel be like in 2070 according to the passage? A. Smarter and easier. B. More expensive. C. More difficult. D. Cheaper and slower. 53. What will you use at the airport to tell who you are? A. Heartbeat passport. B. Personal information. C. Personal body shape. D. 3-D print technology. 54. What can 3-D print technology do? A. It can help us to check passports. B. It can provide many kinds of movies. C. It can take us to see the first Olympic Games. D. It can print almost everything like clothes and food. 55. What is the best title of the passage? A. Heartbeat Passport B. A Futuristic Device C. 3-D Print Technology D. Travel in 2070 【答案】52. A 53. A 54. D 55. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2070年的旅行可能会变得更智能和更容易。 52. 细节理解题。根据原文“Maybe travel will become smarter and easier by that time”可知，到了2070年，旅行会变得更智能、更容易。故选A。 53. 细节理解题。根据原文“Because everyone’s heartbeat is different and it can tell people who you are and where you will go”可知，心跳可在机场用来表明自己的身份。故选A。 54. 细节理解题。根据原文“3-D print technology will develop surprisingly fast. It can print almost everything like clothes and food”可知，3d打印技术几乎可以打印任何东西，比如衣服和食物。故选D。 55. 最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2070年的旅行可能会变得更智能和更容易。故选D。 Passage 14（23-24·广州越秀区期末试题） When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 46. According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 47. Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A. Animals like eating plastic things. B. Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C. Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D. Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 48. What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A. Sea birds. B. Plastic things. C. Animals. D. Chicks. 49. Which of the following is good for the environment? A. Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B. Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C. Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D. Throw away the single-use plastic. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Plastic, dangerous or useful B. Turn the waste into money C. Buy what you really need D. Different uses of plastic 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. A 【解析】本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。减少使用塑料，停止使用一次性塑料、用其他材料替代塑料、回收利用塑料。 46. 细节理解题。根据“It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness.”可知，①②③均有提及，故选A。 47. 细节理解题。根据“Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems.”可知，塑料很难分解，其中有毒的东西会污染水和土壤，造成环境问题。故选B。 48. 推理判断题。根据“Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them.”可知，此处“them”指的是“little plastic things”，故选B。 49. 细节理解题。根据“Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil.”可知，可以用竹子取代塑料，故选C。 50. 最佳标题题。根据“When people started using plastic...But we find something bad after over-using it.”及全文可知，本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。所以A选项“塑料，危险还是有用”最符合，故选A。 Passage 15（23-24·广州期末试题） Nowadays, we have kinds of technologies to protect us from different disasters（灾难）. We even know where and when some disasters, like the typhoon, come. While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters. The drone（无人机）is one of them. It can be used to send food, water and other important things when a natural disaster happens. Very often the buildings are too dangerous for rescue teams to get in. They can make the drone fly into the buildings to search for those who are still alive first. Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters. With its help, people can know about the natural disasters before they hit. And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status. Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas. Besides, many social media platforms allow people to donate money to help people in disaster areas. The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming（直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021. Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster, we still need to prepare necessary tools and learn important skills to protect ourselves. 1. If people know others “status”, they know ________. A. what they are like B. what they are doing C. if they are at home D. how they are going 2. The writer mentions livestreaming to show ________. A. social media can provide up-to-the-minute news B. social media can help raise money after a disaster C. people can know about coming disasters on social media D. people can tell others they are safe through social media 3. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. tell readers what to do when disasters come B. advise readers to use social media more often C. tell readers how some technologies help in disasters D. ask readers to learn necessary skills for natural disasters 4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。 1. 推理判断题。根据“And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status.”可知，一些社交媒体平台允许人们在灾难发生后将自己标记为安全的，这样其他人就可以知道自己的状态，也就是人们可以知道他们情况如何。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming（直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021.”可知，直播能够在灾难过后帮助筹集大量资金。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。纵观全文，本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。因此本文的目的在于告诉读者一些技术是如何在灾难中发挥作用的。故选C。 4. 篇章结构题。根据“While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters.”可知第一段总领全文，根据“The drone is one of them.”可知第二段介绍无人机，根据“Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters.”和“Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas.”可知第三段和第四段介绍社交媒体，根据“Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster”可知最后一段总结，因此选项A符合。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$