专题01 非限制性定语从句复习（知识讲解+题型练习）-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（外研版2019）

专题01 非限制性定语从句复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1、 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 2、 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 3、 关系代词as与which的异同 4、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 考点一 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间无逗号隔开 与主句之间用逗号隔开 位置 放在所修饰的先行词后 as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句中或句尾 先行词 名词或名词性短语 名词、名词性短语或整个句子 引导词 所有的关系代词和关系副词 除that和why之外的关系代词和关系副词 功能 对先行词进行限定或修饰，去掉定语从句，剩余部分的意义不完整 对先行词作附加说明解释，去掉定语从句后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整 翻译 常译成前置定语 常译成并列分句 例句感知 (1) The boy, whose father is an engineer, was admitted to a top university. (去掉非限制性定语从句，句意依然完整) 那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了，他的爸爸是一位工程师。 (2) The boy whose father is an engineer was admitted to a top university. （去掉限制性定语从句，不清楚男孩的身份） 爸爸是工程师的那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了。 考点二 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 1. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，可以代指先行词或者代替前面一句话。 China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。 2. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Li Hua, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher yesterday. 李华是我们的班长，昨天被我们的老师表扬了。 3. whom 指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。 Peter, whom you met in London, is going to Paris next week. 你在伦敦见过的那个彼得，下周将要去巴黎。 4. whose 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，后面常跟着一个名词。 先行词指人时，whose＋n.相当于 the＋n. ＋of whom； 先行词指物时，whose＋n.相当于 the＋n. ＋of which。 The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。 5. as 既可指人，也可指物，还可代指一句话，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语，常译为“正如”。 As we all know, smoking is harmful to people's health. 众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. Mr. Zhang, _____ came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father. 2. Mr. Zhu, ______ daughter was admitted to Tsinghua University last year, retired yesterday. 3. Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, ____ is what his parents expect. 4. More and more people in the world, _____ we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. · 思路点拨：1.本题考查关系代词。此句先行词为Mr. Zhang，指人，在从句中作主语。 2.本题考查关系代词。根据空格后面的daughter可知，此处缺少定语。 3. 本题考查关系代词。空格处在从句中作主语，代指前面一句话。 4. 本题考查关系代词。空格处在从句中作宾语，代指前面一句话。根据句意可知此处意为“正如我们所看到的”。 · 答案1.who 2. whose 3. which 4. as 考点三 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 1. when 在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。 He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free. 他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。 2. where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。 They went to London，where they lived for six months. 他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. (2021新高考全国卷1) My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, ______ for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 2. I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, _______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. · 思路点拨：1.本题考查关系副词。根据for three whole days可知，此处是指时间，在从句中作状语。 2.本题考查关系副词。先行词为the top of the hill，指地点，在从句中作状语。 · 答案1.when 2. where 考点四 关系代词as与which 关系代词as 关系代词which 不同点 位置 位于句首，句中，句尾 位于主句后 翻译 “正如……” “这，那” 相同点 形式 需要用逗号 Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist. 众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。(as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句意思) It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park. 昨天雨下得很大，我没有去公园。(which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前句“It rained hard yesterday”，which 可转换为and this/that...) 温馨提示： 1. as引导非限制性定语从句时，其后常接expect、know、report、say、see等动词, 常用于下列一些固定结构中: As we all know，正如我们都知道的 As is known to all， 正如我们都知道的 as is expected 不出所料 as is often the case 这是经常发生的 as is reported正如报道的 As the saying goes, 俗话说 as is often the case这是常有的事 as you can see正如你看到的 2. as也可用在限制性定语从句中，此时它多和such、so或the same连用，构成“such/so...as”和“the same...as”结构。 Such books as I have read are English novels. 我读过的书都是英语小说。 考点五 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 非限制性定语从句由“介词十关系代词”引导时， 其中的关系代词只能用which或whom。介词的选择原则主要有： 1. 根据先行词来确定 He made a telescope, through which he could study the stars. 他制作了一个望远镜，通过它可以研究星星。 2．根据定语从句中的谓语或形容词来确定 There are some details in the project, about which the manager cares much. (care about) 经理非常关心这项工程里的一些细节。 I introduced some subjects to her, in which she may be interested. (be interested in) 我给她介绍了几个科目，她可能对它们感兴趣。 3.根据整个句子表达的意义来确定介词 Last night I took part in a party and lost my key, without which I can't open the door of my dormitory. 昨天晚上我参加聚会把钥匙丢了，没有钥匙我打不开宿舍的门。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with ________ you sparkle and become more knowledgeable. 2. (2022新高考全国卷1) A city pass, with ______ she can visit 12 different attractions, including the National History Museum, the Science Museum, the zoo and more. · 思路点拨：1.本题考查介词+关系代词。此句先行词为someone， 指人，且在介词with后。 2.本题考查介词+关系代词。此句先行词为a city pass， 指物，且在介词with后。 · 答案1.whom 2. whom 考点六 “of +关系代词”的其它常见结构 1. 不定代词 + of + which/whom( all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, each等) The old man has two sons, both of _______ are lawyers. The old man has two sons, and both of _____ are lawyers. 2.数词 + of + which/whom (基数词，序数词，分数，百分数，及表示数量词， 如：many，most，few，several，enough，half，a quarter等) In our class there are 50 students, half of whom wear glasses. 3.the 最高级/比较级 + of + which/whom There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study room. 4.the + 名词 + of + which/whom, 其中“of which/whom”为定语，相当于whose Look at the building, the roof of which is white. = whose roof 温馨提示： 先行词是way时，关系词的选用 1.关系词在从句中作主语、宾语时：可用关系代词which或that; 2.关系词在从句中作状语时：可用in which 或that或不填任何关系词。 (1) Can you tell me the way _____________you use to solve the problem？ (2) Can you tell me the way ______________you solve the problem？ 答案：(1) which/that (2) in which/ that/ 省略 1．There is a learning center in our school, _________ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities. A．whose B．which C．where D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们学校有一个学习中心，孩子们在这里进行独立自主的学习活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a learning center，作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故选C。 2．Kate wrote an application letter to the manager, ________ she recommended herself for the position. A．where B．which C．who D．why 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：凯特给经理写了一封求职信，在信中她自荐了这个职位。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为letter，且关系词在句中作地点状语，使用where引导。故选A。 3．I’m very grateful to Mr. Green, with ________ help I realized my dream. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我非常感谢格林先生先生，在他的帮助下我实现了我的梦想。with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”是固定短语，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词Mr. Green，在从句中作定语，应用whose引导。故选B。 4．________is known to us all that the old worker, ________life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies. A．As; which B．It; which C．As; whose D．It; whose 【答案】D 【解析】考查主语从句和非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，那位老工人，过去生活很艰难，在他70多岁的时候仍然努力工作。it is known to us all that...(众所周知)，形式主语it，that引导主语从句；“________life was hard in the past”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the old worker，关系词替代先行词在从句中作空后名词life (生活)的定语，用关系代词whose。故选D项。 5．The book I borrowed from the library last week, contains numerous stories, is very interesting. A．which; that B．who; which C．that; which D．which; where 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我上周从图书馆借的那本书很有趣，里面有很多故事。句子的主句为The book is very interesting.，第一空，引导限制性定语从句，先行词the book作borrowed的宾语，表示物，用关系代词which/that引导从句；第二空，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the book，作contains前的主语，表示物，用关系代词which引导。故选C。 6．My neighbor always plays loud music late into the night, ______ I find annoying. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我的邻居总是大声放音乐到深夜，我觉得很烦。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故选B。 7．John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ________ was true. A．he B．this C．which D．who 【答案】C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：约翰说他已经在办公室工作了一个小时了，这件事是真的。分析句子结构可知，逗号前为完整的句子，逗号后为缺少主语的从句，先行词为约翰已经在办公室工作了一小时这件事情，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。 8．I was born in a small town, _________ has now developed into a popular tourist resort. A．which B．where C．that D．it 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我出生在一个小镇，该小镇现在已经发展成一个受欢迎的旅游胜地。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a small town，指物，在从句中作主语，应用which。故选A。 9．The Science Museum is one of London’s tourist attractions, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain. A．where B．that C．when D．which 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：科学博物馆是伦敦的旅游景点之一，我们最近去英国时参观了它。空处引导非限定性定语从句，指代先行词the Science Museum，同时又在从句中作visited的宾语，用which引导。故选D项。 10．______ is often the case , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A．It B．What C．As D．That 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，应用关系as引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故选C。 11．It rained hard yesterday, ________ prevented me from going to the park. A．when B．what C．that D．which 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：昨天雨下得很大，这让我无法去公园。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选D项。 12．The house, ________door often stays open until late at night, works as a home for the guards, some of________are from the countryside. A．whose; whom B．which; whom C．whose; them D．where; them 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：房子的大门经常开到深夜，这座房子是看守员的家，其中一些人是从乡下来的。第一空中，定语从句的先行词为“The house”，与后面的“door”是从属关系，用关系代词“whose”；第二空是非限制性定语从句中的“部分+of+整体”的结构，先行词“guards”为人，所以用关系代词表人的宾格形式“whom”。故选A。 13．The building was surrounded by demonstrators, several of _________ were well-known actors. A．which B．them C．whom D．who 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：大楼周围都是示威者，其中有几名示威者是著名的演员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词demonstrators，指人，且在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用whom，故选C。 14．The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A．which B．who C．whom D．as 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在短短一年内下降了17%。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个句子“The number of smokers, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”在从句中作主语成分，as有“正如……一样”的意思。故选D项。 15．The 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in Beijing was very successful, ________ made all the Chinese proud. A．that B．where C．which D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：北京成功地举办了2014年APEC会议，这赢得了会员国的高度赞扬。从结构可知此处是非限制性定语从句，句中缺少主语，而且指代上句内容，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选C。 16． ________ is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. A．That B．Which C．Where D．As 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如先前提到的，专家组已经成立以调查这个问题。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后文整个主句，并在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，用as引导定语从句，符合句意。故选D。 真题感知 1. (2023北京卷真题) Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, _______ thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 2. (2024全国甲卷真题) Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 3. (2024年新课标全国II卷英语真题) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4. (2023全国甲卷真题) Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 5. （2022北京卷真题） That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good for one use. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 6. (2022全国甲卷真题) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 7.(2022天津卷真题) Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的，里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。分析句子成分可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游客提供、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后用whom。故选C项。 提升专练 用适当的关系词填空 1．The little boy behaved himself, made his parents very proud. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：小男孩表现得很好，这使他的父母非常自豪。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词，故填which。 2．Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：单口喜剧是一种现场表演，表演者通过讲笑话和分享幽默故事来娱乐观众。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词performance是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。 3．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们继续前进到该地区的北端，那里风很大并且在下雪。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the north tip of the area，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填：where。 4．Tom was always speaking highly of his role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Tom总是对他在剧中扮演的角色评价很高，这当然使得其他人不高兴。空处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5． is known to all, anyone who breaks the rules should be punished. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，任何违反规则的人都应该受到惩罚。空处放在开头，表示“正如”，引导逗号后的从句，用As引导非限制性定语从句。故填As。 6．They have won three matches in a row, is quite surprising. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们连赢了三场比赛，这真是令人吃惊。分析句子结构可知，空处指代前面一个句子，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。 7．My brother, you have met before, is now a professor. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你以前见过的我的哥哥现在是一名教授。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词My brother在从句中作宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 8．The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：太阳给我们热和光，没有它们我们就不能生存。空格处引导定语从句，先行词heat and light在非限定性定语从句中作介词without的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最近的事故中有50人丧生，主要是由于大雾造成的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词accidents作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 10．Li Kang is interested in Ms Shen’s teaching method, is completely different from that of the teachers at Junior High school. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：李康对沈老师的教学方法很感兴趣，这种教学方法和初中老师完全不同。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ms Shen’s teaching method，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 11．His niece is a lovely girl, always speaks to the guests in a polite manner. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他的侄女是个可爱的女孩，她和客人说话总是彬彬有礼。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词girl指的是人，所以此处使用关系代词who。故填who。 12．It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, are close to 2, 000 years old. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据说已经发现了3万多枚硬币，都有近2000年的历史。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词coins指物，并在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 13．He picked up a wallet on his way to school, he handed to the police afterwards. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他在上学的路上捡到一个钱包，后来交给了警察。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词wallet，在从句作宾语，指物，故填which。 14．He hid himself behind the door, from he saw the man take something on the desk. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他躲在门后，从那里他看到那个人拿了桌上的东西。在非限制性定语从句中指代地点状语“behind the door”，应用关系副词where。故填where。 15．I took my friend to the Summer Palace, we had some photos taken. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我带我的朋友去颐和园，在那里我们拍了一些照片。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Summer Palace进行补充说明，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 16．My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我的邻居们过去常常在我遇到困难的时候帮助我，他们真是太好了。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词neighbors，在从句作主语，故填which。 17．The children, wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：想踢足球的孩子们因为下雨而感到失望。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The children，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 18．The composer, works are best loved, once lived in this region. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。这名作曲家曾经住在这个地区，他的作品最受人喜爱。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The composer，关系词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 19．There are plenty of good pubs and clubs in this area, most of are friendly and safe. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个地区有很多好的酒吧和俱乐部，其中大多数都很友好和安全。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词pubs and clubs，作介词的宾语，指物，应用which。故填which。 20．The man he met in the street was his employer. 【答案】who/that/whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他在街上遇到的那个人是他的雇主。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The man，指人，关系词在定语从句中作动词met的宾语，因此用关系代词who/that/whom引导。故填who/that/whom。 21．Her dog, was very old, was hit by a car. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她的狗很老了，被车撞了。根据主从句两个谓语was可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句关系词，修饰先行词“Her dog”，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 22． can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从他的脸上可以看出，他很高兴。空处位于句首，引导非限制性定语从句，对后面的主句进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词as作引导词，且as的首字母需大写。故填As。 23． we’ve seen, oceans cover about 71% of the Earth. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如我们所看到的，海洋覆盖了地球大约71%的面积。设空处引导非限定性定语从句，从句置于句首，且设空处指代先行词即主句oceans cover about 71% of the Earth.，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词as。首字母大写。故填As。 24．She gave another piece of advice, I think was of great help to the research work. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她给了另一个建议，我认为对研究工作有很大帮助。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词another piece of advice，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 25．The building had been repaired, roof was destroyed again in a big fire. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：那栋楼已经修好了，屋顶又在一场大火中烧毁了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The building，先行词指物，在从句中作定语，和roof之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 26．The building had been repaired, of the roof was destroyed again in a big fire. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：那栋楼已经修好了，但屋顶又在一场大火中毁了。空处和空前的of搭配，形成“介词+关系代词”结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词The building作附加说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 27．Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三门语言她都说得很流利。空处和空前的all of搭配，形成“代词+介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词German, French and Russian作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 28．I bought a great many books, on I spent all my money that I saved. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我买了很多书，把省下来的钱都花在了上面。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词books，根据空前介词on可知，该句构成“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词指物，作介词on的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 29．He is a generous man, lives next to me. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他是一个慷慨的人，住在我旁边。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a generous man，指人，关系词从句中作主语，故填who。 30．He is the man lives next to me. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他是那个住在我旁边的人。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the man，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 非限制性定语从句复习 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 1、 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 2、 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 3、 关系代词as与which的异同 4、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 考点一 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间无逗号隔开 与主句之间用逗号隔开 位置 放在所修饰的先行词后 as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句中或句尾 先行词 名词或名词性短语 名词、名词性短语或整个句子 引导词 所有的关系代词和关系副词 除that和why之外的关系代词和关系副词 功能 对先行词进行限定或修饰，去掉定语从句，剩余部分的意义不完整 对先行词作附加说明解释，去掉定语从句后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整 翻译 常译成前置定语 常译成并列分句 例句感知 (1) The boy, whose father is an engineer, was admitted to a top university. (去掉非限制性定语从句，句意依然完整) 那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了，他的爸爸是一位工程师。 (2) The boy whose father is an engineer was admitted to a top university. （去掉限制性定语从句，不清楚男孩的身份） 爸爸是工程师的那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了。 考点二 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 1. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，可以代指先行词或者代替前面一句话。 China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。 2. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Li Hua, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher yesterday. 李华是我们的班长，昨天被我们的老师表扬了。 3. whom 指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。 Peter, whom you met in London, is going to Paris next week. 你在伦敦见过的那个彼得，下周将要去巴黎。 4. whose 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，后面常跟着一个名词。 先行词指人时，whose＋n.相当于 the＋n. ＋of whom； 先行词指物时，whose＋n.相当于 the＋n. ＋of which。 The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。 5. as 既可指人，也可指物，还可代指一句话，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语，常译为“正如”。 As we all know, smoking is harmful to people's health. 众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. Mr. Zhang, _____ came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father. 2. Mr. Zhu, ______ daughter was admitted to Tsinghua University last year, retired yesterday. 3. Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, ____ is what his parents expect. 4. More and more people in the world, _____ we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 考点三 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 1. when 在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。 He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free. 他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。 2. where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。 They went to London，where they lived for six months. 他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. (2021新高考全国卷1) My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, ______ for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 2. I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, _______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 考点四 关系代词as与which 关系代词as 关系代词which 不同点 位置 位于句首，句中，句尾 位于主句后 翻译 “正如……” “这，那” 相同点 形式 需要用逗号 Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist. 众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。(as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句意思) It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park. 昨天雨下得很大，我没有去公园。(which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前句“It rained hard yesterday”，which 可转换为and this/that...) 温馨提示： 1. as引导非限制性定语从句时，其后常接expect、know、report、say、see等动词, 常用于下列一些固定结构中: As we all know，正如我们都知道的 As is known to all， 正如我们都知道的 as is expected 不出所料 as is often the case 这是经常发生的 as is reported正如报道的 As the saying goes, 俗话说 as is often the case这是常有的事 as you can see正如你看到的 2. as也可用在限制性定语从句中，此时它多和such、so或the same连用，构成“such/so...as”和“the same...as”结构。 Such books as I have read are English novels. 我读过的书都是英语小说。 考点五 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 非限制性定语从句由“介词十关系代词”引导时， 其中的关系代词只能用which或whom。介词的选择原则主要有： 1. 根据先行词来确定 He made a telescope, through which he could study the stars. 他制作了一个望远镜，通过它可以研究星星。 2．根据定语从句中的谓语或形容词来确定 There are some details in the project, about which the manager cares much. (care about) 经理非常关心这项工程里的一些细节。 I introduced some subjects to her, in which she may be interested. (be interested in) 我给她介绍了几个科目，她可能对它们感兴趣。 3.根据整个句子表达的意义来确定介词 Last night I took part in a party and lost my key, without which I can't open the door of my dormitory. 昨天晚上我参加聚会把钥匙丢了，没有钥匙我打不开宿舍的门。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 1. A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with ________ you sparkle and become more knowledgeable. 2. (2022新高考全国卷1) A city pass, with ______ she can visit 12 different attractions, including the National History Museum, the Science Museum, the zoo and more. 考点六 “of +关系代词”的其它常见结构 1. 不定代词 + of + which/whom( all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, each等) The old man has two sons, both of _______ are lawyers. The old man has two sons, and both of _____ are lawyers. 2.数词 + of + which/whom (基数词，序数词，分数，百分数，及表示数量词， 如：many，most，few，several，enough，half，a quarter等) In our class there are 50 students, half of whom wear glasses. 3.the 最高级/比较级 + of + which/whom There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study room. 4.the + 名词 + of + which/whom, 其中“of which/whom”为定语，相当于whose Look at the building, the roof of which is white. = whose roof 温馨提示： 先行词是way时，关系词的选用 1.关系词在从句中作主语、宾语时：可用关系代词which或that; 2.关系词在从句中作状语时：可用in which 或that或不填任何关系词。 (1) Can you tell me the way _____________you use to solve the problem？ (2) Can you tell me the way ______________you solve the problem？ 1．There is a learning center in our school, _________ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities. A．whose B．which C．where D．when 2．Kate wrote an application letter to the manager, ________ she recommended herself for the position. A．where B．which C．who D．why 3．I’m very grateful to Mr. Green, with ________ help I realized my dream. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 4．________is known to us all that the old worker, ________life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies. A．As; which B．It; which C．As; whose D．It; whose 5．The book I borrowed from the library last week, contains numerous stories, is very interesting. A．which; that B．who; which C．that; which D．which; where 6．My neighbor always plays loud music late into the night, ______ I find annoying. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 7．John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ________ was true. A．he B．this C．which D．who 8．I was born in a small town, _________ has now developed into a popular tourist resort. A．which B．where C．that D．it 9．The Science Museum is one of London’s tourist attractions, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain. A．where B．that C．when D．which 10．______ is often the case , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A．It B．What C．As D．That 11．It rained hard yesterday, ________ prevented me from going to the park. A．when B．what C．that D．which 12．The house, ________door often stays open until late at night, works as a home for the guards, some of________are from the countryside. A．whose; whom B．which; whom C．whose; them D．where; them 13．The building was surrounded by demonstrators, several of _________ were well-known actors. A．which B．them C．whom D．who 14．The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A．which B．who C．whom D．as 15．The 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in Beijing was very successful, ________ made all the Chinese proud. A．that B．where C．which D．when 16． ________ is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. A．That B．Which C．Where D．As 真题感知 1. (2023北京卷真题) Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, _______ thousands were attending a water conference. 2. (2024全国甲卷真题) Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 3. (2024年新课标全国II卷英语真题) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 4. (2023全国甲卷真题) Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” 5. （2022北京卷真题） That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good for one use. 6. (2022全国甲卷真题) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 7.(2022天津卷真题) Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 提升专练 用适当的关系词填空 1．The little boy behaved himself, made his parents very proud. 2．Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 3．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing. 4．Tom was always speaking highly of his role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy. 5． is known to all, anyone who breaks the rules should be punished. 6．They have won three matches in a row, is quite surprising. 7．My brother, you have met before, is now a professor. 8．The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 9．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. 10．Li Kang is interested in Ms Shen’s teaching method, is completely different from that of the teachers at Junior High school. 11．His niece is a lovely girl, always speaks to the guests in a polite manner. 12．It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, are close to 2, 000 years old. 13．He picked up a wallet on his way to school, he handed to the police afterwards. 14．He hid himself behind the door, from he saw the man take something on the desk. 15．I took my friend to the Summer Palace, we had some photos taken. 16．My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them. 17．The children, wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 18．The composer, works are best loved, once lived in this region. 19．There are plenty of good pubs and clubs in this area, most of are friendly and safe. 20．The man he met in the street was his employer. 21．Her dog, was very old, was hit by a car. 22． can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased. 23． we’ve seen, oceans cover about 71% of the Earth. 24．She gave another piece of advice, I think was of great help to the research work. 25．The building had been repaired, roof was destroyed again in a big fire. 26．The building had been repaired, of the roof was destroyed again in a big fire. 27．Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently. 28．I bought a great many books, on I spent all my money that I saved. 29．He is a generous man, lives next to me. 30．He is the man lives next to me. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$