Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 同步练习2023-2024学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

UNIT 3　Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 一、拼写正确形式的单词 1. Many species are at risk of extinction because of our _________(破坏) of their natural habitats. 2. ___________(卡住) in a traffic jam and finally we didn’t arrive there on schedule. 3. There was hurt and real ___________(怒气) in her voice. 4. China has enjoyed a great economic and social progress during past five ___________(十年). 5. Many people suffer from ___________(癌症) because of air and water pollution. 6. I really can’t ___________(联系) what he does with what he says. 7. We need to take ___________(定期的) exercise to keep fit. 8. Choose a computer to ________(适合) your particular needs. 9. There was a heavy traffic ___________(阻塞) on the road, so I was late for work. 10. ___________(道路施工) are causing traffic jams in the city centre. 二、单句语法填空 1. ________(compare) to the real costs socially, personal anger and stress are nothing. 2. Last week the number of employees ________(be) decreased from 40 to 25. 3. Rice production has increased ________ 5% this year compared to that of last year. 4. ________(be) frank, I think it's just a waste of time. 5. It is not right for young students to be addicted to ________(play) computer games. 6. I love strong tea ________ my father loves coffee. 7. My difficulty is ________ I really don’t know how to communicate with her. 8. These noises are quite ________(annoy) as they keep us awake all night long. 9. I just don’t know why she often returns home ________(stress) out. 10. Much of the poverty in this area is related _________diseases. 3、 完成句子 1. 你多久给父母打一次电话？ ________ ________ do you make phone calls to your parents? 2. 这个孩子为自己迟到找了一个借口。 The little boy ________ ________ ________ for his being late. 3. 走路可以让你保持健康。 Walking can help to ________ ________ ________. 4. When you get _________ ______(焦虑的), you should remember to take a deep breath. 5. Look, the boy _______ __________ _____(对……着迷) the story. 6. With the final exam _______ ______ ______ (即将来临), I am very nervous and in low spirits. 4、 阅读理解 A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes. Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products. A San Francisco start­up company called Rothy’s, however, turns this plastic waste into environmentally friendly shoes. Roth Martin is the company’s co­founder. He explains how they turn plastic into soft material for women’s feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press them through a device that makes soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined together. This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoe’s outer part, called the sole(鞋底). This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly material: responsibly sourced no­carbon rubber. Rothy’s shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $125 or $145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand. “We’re not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future.” When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycled materials to make other products. For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future. 1. How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with? A. They are buried or burned. B. They are used to make shoes. C. They are changed into soft materials. D. They are returned to factories for reuse. 2. What does the underlined word “knitted” in the third paragraph mean? A. Attached.　　　　　　B. Fixed. C. Combined. D. Repaired. 3. Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothy’s shoes? A. The design and color. B. The reasonable price. C. The company’s advertisement. D. The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow. 4. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advertise a new kind of shoes. B. To describe the process of making shoes. C. To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste. D. To stress the importance of environmental protection. 5、 完形填空 In October 2015, Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning. At first, it was just him and a neighbor, and then he began __1__ others to join in. Word spread and with help from social media, more volunteers got involved. Shah hasn’t stopped since. He’s now spent 209 weekends __2__ this mission inspiring more than 200,000 __3__ to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach cleanup. By October 2018, Versova Beach was __4__ clean and Shah’s cleanups expanded to another __5__ as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and other regions of India. For Shah, the work has always been a personal journey, but it has earned __6__ attention. After he was honored as a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations in 2016, Bollywood celebrities and politicians __7__ his mission and joined in his cleanups. Today, Shah is also working with coastal communities to __8__ plastic pollution at one of the sources. In areas lacking waste management systems，__9__ often end(s)up in streams and rivers that empty into the __10__. Shah and his volunteers __11__ and assist villagers in reducing, managing and recycling their plastic waste. “This world __12__ too much. I think you must talk less and do action more，” he said. “Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull. I feel the __13__ to do something for my planet, so this will __14__ for life. If each one could start, this journey could become __15__. Can we do it together？” 1. A. asking B.ordering C.warning D. forcing 2. A. compared to B. adapted to C. related to D. devoted to 3. A. workers B. volunteers C. journalists D. clerks 4. A. originally B. finally C. suddenly D. theoretically 5. A. park B. bank C. beach D. market 6. A. global B. local C. national D. coastal 7. A. simplified B. changed C. accepted D. finished 8. A. make B. discuss C. throw D. handle 9. A. trees B. materials C. rubbish D. tools 10. A. ocean B. factory C. mountain D. forest 11. A. protect B. control C. scold D. educate 12. A. talks B. complains C. thinks D. argues 13. A. pity B. need C. pain D. effect 14. A. come on B. get on C. look on D. go on 15. A. great B. complex C. complete D. difficult 6、 语法填空 A college student who shows great courage in fighting severe kidney (肾脏) disease while following his dreams in scientific 　1　(invent) has inspired many people.  Zou Yongsong, 27, is a student at Changsha University of Science & Technology in Changsha, Hunan Province.At 　2　 age of four, Zou caught a high fever, and poor medical treatment in the village left his kidneys 　3　 (serious) damaged.Since then he has suffered kidney problems and has had to take medicine daily 　4　 (fight) the disease.  Though he suffered the pain 　5　(bring) by the disease, he didn’t give up attending school.After years of hard work, Zou 　6　(admit) to Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology.In 2017 his condition became 　7　 (bad) and he had to receive dialysis (透析) treatment.However, the physical suffering did not stop him 　8　 (dream) of a career in science.Even during his stay in hospital, he insisted 　9　working on patent (专利权) applications.Over the last two years, six of his patents and copyrights have been approved.  　10　he shows courage and optimism when facing difficulty and misfortune, Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan Award in November.  【参考答案】 1、 单词拼写 1． destruction　 2． stuck　 3． anger　 4． decades　 5． cancer　 6． relate　 7． regular　 8． suit　 9． jam 10． roadworks 二、单句语法填空 1． Compared　 2． was　 3． by　 4． To be　 5． playing　 6． while　 7． that　 8． annoying　 9． stressed 10． to 3、 完成句子 1. How often 2. made an excuse 3. keep you fit 4. stressed out 5. is addicted to 6. around the corner 4、 阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种回收塑料垃圾的新方法。 1. A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.”可知，废弃塑料瓶的处理方法是被埋葬或焚烧。故选A项。 2. C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Those fibers are then combined together(这些纤维结合在一起). ”“This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes(它的设计目的是在制造鞋子的同时减少浪费). ”“The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoe’s outer part, called the sole(这些knitted东西和鞋的内部被连接到鞋的外部，叫作鞋底). ”可推出画线词的意思是“结合的”。故选C项。 3. D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew(美国女演员Gwyneth Paltrow发现了这种鞋后，对这种鞋的需求增加了). ”可知，D项(The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow)直接帮助增加Rothy鞋子的销售。故选D项。 4. C　目的意图题。根据第一段“A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes(加利福尼亚旧金山的一家公司发现了一种把用过的塑料瓶变成女鞋的方法). ”可知，本文是为了介绍一种回收塑料垃圾的新方法。故选C项。 五、完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“地球卫士”沙阿和他的海滩清理行动，他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。 1. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来他开始邀请其他人加入。空前一句说起初，只有沙阿和他的一个邻居在海滩上捡垃圾，空后一句又说更多的志愿者参与进来，因此后来沙阿开始邀请其他人加入到捡垃圾的活动中。故选A项。 2. D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作，激励了超过20万名志愿者加入到他的队伍中，这被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动。A．compared to比作；B．adapted to适应于；C．related to涉及；D．devoted to致力于，献身于。空前一句说“沙阿从此就没有停止过”，因此他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作。故选D项。 3. B　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A．workers工人；B．volunteers志愿者；C．journalists记者；D．clerks办事员。根据上文中的“volunteers”可知，参与海滩清理行动的人都是志愿者。故选B项。 4. B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：到2018年10月，维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净，沙阿的清理范围扩大到另一个海滩以及米提河和印度其他地区。根据上文中的“In October 2015”及空前的“By October 2018”可知，此处说的是三年的清理工作取得的成果——维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净了。故选B项。 5. C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach cleanup”可知，这项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，因此清理完维索瓦海滩的垃圾后沙阿和他的小伙伴们又转向其他的海滩。故选C项。 6. A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach cleanup”可知，沙阿的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，空后一句又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号，这说明沙阿的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注。故选A项。 7. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据空后的“and joined in his cleanups”可知，宝莱坞名流和政界人士也加入到海滩清理行动中，这说明他们接受(认可)沙阿的工作。故选C项。 8. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，沙阿还与沿海社区合作，从源头上解决塑料污染问题。根据空后的“plastic pollution at one of the sources”可知，沙阿与沿海社区合作从源头上解决塑料污染问题。故选D项。 9. C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在缺乏废物管理系统的地区，垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中，而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。根据空前的“In areas lacking waste management systems”可知，这些地区缺乏废物管理系统，因此产生的垃圾会被排放到流入海洋的小溪和河流中。故选C项。 10. A　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据空前的“rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers that empty into”可知，垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中，而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。故选A项。 11. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。根据空后的“and assist villagers in reducing, managing and recycling their plastic waste”可知，沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。故选D项。 12. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界(的人们)往往说得太多了，我认为你应该少说空话，多做实事。根据空后的“talk less”可知，此处指“说得太多”。故选A项。 13. B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得有必要为我们的地球做点什么，而且我会终身致力于这项工作。根据空后的“do something for my planet”可知，沙阿觉得他有必要为地球做点什么。故选B项。 14. D　考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A．come on快点；B．get on上车；C．look on旁观，看待；D．go on继续。根据空后的“for life”可知，沙阿会终身致力于这项工作。故选D项。 15. A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都行动起来，这个旅程将会变得更美妙。根据空前的“If each one could start”可知，如果每个人都能参与进来，这个旅程将会变得更美好。故选A项。 六、语法填空 1. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罹患严重肾病但是仍然坚持学习、科研的坚强大学生邹勇松的故事。 1. invention　考查名词。分析句子结构可知, 应用名词作宾语, 且此处表示发明创造的行为。故填invention。 2. the　考查冠词。at the age of“在……岁时”为固定用法。故填the。 3. seriously　考查副词。分析句子结构可知, 空处作状语, 修饰过去分词damaged, 应使用副词。故填seriously。 4. to fight　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知, 空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to fight。 5. brought　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 空处应用非谓语动词, 且the pain和bring之间是动宾关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。 6. was admitted　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知, 此处表示的动作发生在过去, 应用一般过去时, 且Zou与admit之间是动宾关系, 应用被动语态。故填was admitted。 7. worse　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知, 此处表示“他的情况变得更差”, 含有比较的意思。故填worse。 8. dreaming　考查非谓语动词。此处是stop sb (from) doing sth, 表示“阻止某人做某事”。故填dreaming。 9. on　考查介词。insist on“坚持”为固定用法。故填on。 10. For/Because/Since/As　考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知, 逗号前后为因果关系, 空处引出原因, 且空后为句子。故填For/Because/Since/As。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$